张保红文学翻译PPT课件
喝茶_Over_a_Cup_of_Tea
某公司又在廉价了，去买了二两好茶叶，每两洋二角。
开首泡了一壶，怕它冷得快，用棉袄包起来，却不料郑重其事的来喝的时候，味道竟和我一向喝着的粗茶差不多，颜色也很重浊。
2我知道这是自己错误了，喝好茶，是要用盖碗的，于是用盖碗。
果然，泡了之后，色清而味甘，微香而小苦，确是好茶叶。
但这是须在静坐无为的时候的，当我正写着《吃教》的中途，拉来一喝，那好味道竟又不知不觉的滑过去，像喝5 感觉的细腻和锐敏，较之麻木，那当然算是进步的，然而以有助于生命的进化为限。
如果不相干，甚而至于有碍，那就是进化中的病态，不久就要收梢。
我们试将享清福，抱秋心的雅人，和破衣粗食的粗人一比较，就明白究竟是谁活得下去。
喝过茶，望着秋天，我于是想： 不识好茶，没有秋思，倒也罢了。
茶，可以说是读书人“文房四宝”之外的必需品。
喝茶品茶，思考、阔谈的最佳中介，或可激发闲情和幽思，据统计，与“茶”相关的内容在鲁迅先生的日记中出现了百余次。
他几乎每月都要“买茗一斤”，临近知天命之年，更是敞开了喝，甚至两天购入十三斤茶叶，可谓是“喝茶狂魔”自己血管里流淌的是咖啡，照此类推，鲁迅先生的血管里流淌的恐怕就是绿茶了。
鲁迅先生作于1933年的随笔——破“译”精彩的密码*广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院二级教授，博士生导师。
学习精彩的译例是我们每个学习翻译的人共有的经历。
译例精彩，让人如嚼橄榄，回味无穷，也让人念念难忘，心向神往。
向往译者深厚的双语语言文化功底，高超的双语转换技巧，以及娴熟精湛的艺术手腕。
然而，面对精彩的译例，有时又难免会生发出自愧弗如、望“译”却步、难。
张保红文学翻译小说英译汉作业
方明明文学翻译小说英译汉从土耳其来的侄儿伊利亚斯·哈里尔著去年的一天，突然响起了敲门声。
我的侄儿没打声招呼就从土耳其来了！我上一次见他时，他才到我膝盖，像蚱蜢似的小不点儿，长了一双怯生生的眼睛，两只像一双扇子的耳朵，没了俩门牙，头发短短的，和永远脏兮兮的手。
你知道，每一个侄子基本都长这样儿。
我喜欢这孩子，对他很钟爱。
用他那小不点的身高，他总是仰脸瞅着我好似在看一根电话线杆子，他的大眼睛笑着总能把我逗乐。
从短裤里露出的两条腿有点罗圈腿。
两只眼睛虽然直视着你但有点斗鸡眼。
我看着他的时候有点怜惜他······所以我从来没有对他发过火也没有打过他。
我俩说话时，他肩膀上好似放的有重重的东西，表现出防御的样子。
他要是犯错了，这个特点会更明显。
他的眼睛渐渐湿润，声音小的都听不到；颤抖的像一片叶子。
谁看见他都会以为他是一个孤儿会为之难过。
他们就想给他点儿钱或是一些糖果。
因为一些事我打过其他的侄子，但是从来没碰过他一根手指头。
我爱他还爱不够呢！在家时，不管谁惹大人生气了，我的这个小侄儿都能让自己离得远远的。
要是你跟他说话，他就不回答。
如果他回答了也是声音小小的。
你就是打他他也是安静的。
挨打的时候，叫的声音不是越来越大，而是逐渐降低。
因此，打他的那个人怒气会变成同情，于是这小男孩就逃过了更多的惩罚。
我是很久之后才总结出来，他跟其他人说话时，既不会罗圈腿也不会斗鸡眼耳朵更不会像飞落的叶子。
还有，他生气的时候，他知道怎样吵个不停。
要是他知道危险临近（要挨打了）他就会罗圈腿、斗鸡眼、耳朵拉长。
我移民加拿大之后有十五年没见到侄儿了。
现在他已经长成魁梧的大小伙儿了，英俊健壮！表示欢迎之后，我问了他一些问题，想知道他来这里的原因。
“侄儿，你想找什么样的工作啊？”“啊，蒙主的恩准，叔叔，我愿干任何的工作。
我什么都能干。
只要说得出来我就能干。
我什么都干过。
干过木匠、电工、货郎、修鞋匠、裁缝、汽车修理工；您还要吗？这些我都干过。
文学翻译的学思用
2023·02 英语世界
看形式结构，就是看句子或篇章的外在形式与内在构成。是长句还是 短句；是倒装句、强调句还是掉尾句（periodic sentence）；是片段句（fragmented sentence）还是完整句；是简单句、复合句（compound sentence）还是复杂 句（complex sentence）；是主动句还是被动句；是定语从句、状语从句还是 同位语从句；等等。了解句子的外在形式，辨明句式及句间关系的功能、作 用与价值，目的是要获得其传达的意义或语用意义。看句子的内在构成可 进一步了解其修辞特点、运思方式与文化蕴涵等，是进一步了解意义传达 的方式特色与深度。看篇章的外在形式，是看篇章“长什么模样”，即语言 学上所说的“语相”。俗话说：相由心生。篇章的外形相貌尤其是形体诗 （shaped poetry）、图案诗（pattern poetry）、具象诗（concrete poetry）等诗歌 作品的外形相貌与作品中心主题的表达可谓相辅相成、相得益彰。看篇章 的内在构成，是看其谋篇布局是先总起后分述，还是彼此并置，平行发展； 是起承转合，还是开合收放；等等。
英语世界 2023·02
122 学苑
学作品的常态。在此意义上，探寻作品字里行间的意味，发掘作品多维多 层的主题意蕴，聚焦作品定向统一的深邃意境，成为学习者致力于把握作 品的根本目的。至此，我们可以归结说前文所提到的声音、节奏、形式、 结构、意义、意味、意蕴等要素最后会以多角度、多侧面、多层次的方式 定向统一服务于作品的意境表现。
学苑 121
文学翻译的学思用
文 / 张保红*
听声音节奏，看形式结构，想意义意味意蕴意境，是我教授文学翻译课程 时总结的文本分析与评价口诀，其目的是便于上口好记，当然更主要的 目的是给初学者提供一个如何分析原文或表达译文的“通俗”思路与方法。
第七部分--文化与翻译PPT课件
• CEO
• IELTS: International English language testing system
• Sit-com: situation com- edy
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• 5. 把英语翻译成汉语时，有时会出现“汉 外合译”的现象，有人称为“牙缝中夹菜 叶子”。
• 1 ） I feel honoured to be invited to deliver the keynote address at today's conference on the implications of China's prospective entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO).
• 文化、语言及翻译之间的关系，是一种相辅相成、 互为前提的关系。
• （引自同上）
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• 4. 通过翻译，大量引进了西方文学、社 会科学科技等方面的术语和表达方法：
• crocodile tears
• Olive branch
• Sour grapes
• Logic
• Radar
• Supermarket
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民族性
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延续性 岭南文化中的工夫茶:
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流变性(cultural drift)
具体指某一文化在传承过 程中，某些传统、习俗、史 实、神话、传说等的失传。
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兼容性
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文化交流的结果：
• 林语堂曾幽默地说,人类大同生 活的概括：理想的生活是这样 的:住在英国的乡村，用美国的 水电煤气，雇一个中国厨师、 娶个日本太太、交个法国情人。
全国外语翻译笔译课件整理
全国外语翻译笔译课件整理1-1.Analysis of the SL textI had not known you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed on to marry. (Pride and Prejudice)我认识你还不到一个月的时候，就觉得哪怕我一辈子找不到男人，也休想让我嫁给你。
1-2.Understanding the meaning of diction in the context1. It is an order from President Bush. I don‘t care if it is from bush, tree, or grass.这是布什总统的命令，管他什么布什，布头儿，布片儿，我才不在乎呢。
2.If we don‘t hang together, t hey shall hang us separately.我们必须共赴沙场，否则就得分赴刑场。
2-1.ExpressingExpress the content and in the meantime keep the original form mainly including structure arrangement, image, and figure of speeches.我从乡下跑到城里来，一转眼已经六年了。
Six years have passed by in a flash/ in a twinkle since I came to the city from the countryside.Keep the original content, sacrificing the form.–有个农村叫张家庄，张家庄有个张木匠，张木匠有个好老婆，外号叫―小飞蛾‖，―小飞蛾‖生了个女儿叫艾艾。
文学翻译课件2
A Father’s Love
Perhaps they have to speak their love In a fashion all their own. Because the love that fathers feel Is too big for words alone!
11.4 散文翻译
● 下面，我们来看在英汉散文翻译中如何实现美感功能和表情 功能。
11 . 4 . 1 散 文 美 感 功 能 在 语 言 上 的 实 现
● 1. 词汇方面
● （1）语义清晰
意义的传达是翻译最基本的功能,但是如果译者没有从整体上把握原文 意思,再用译语准确流畅地加以表达这种翻译观念,就很容易受语言对等思想 的影响,束缚于原文的语言结构,导致语义失真或语义梗塞。
●Between two tall gate-posts of rough-hewn stone (the gate itself having fallen from its hinges at some unknown epoch) we beheld the gray front of the old parsonage terminating the vista of an avenue of black ash-trees. It was now a twelvemonth since the funeral procession of the venerable clergymen, its last inhabitant, had turned from that gateway towards the village burying-ground. The wheel-track leading to the door, as well as the whole breadth of the avenue，was almost overgrown with grass, affording dainty mouthfuls to two or three vagrant crows and an old white horse who had his own living to pick up along the roadside. The glimmering shadows that lay half asleep between the door of the house and the public highway were a kind of spiritual medium, seen through which the edifice had not quite the aspect of belonging to the material world.
张保红文学翻译作业6（小说EC）-原文
张保红文学翻译作业6（小说EC）-原文Nephew from TurkeyIlyas HalilOne day last year, there was a sudden knock on the door. Without warning, my nephew had arrived from Turkey! When I had last seen him, he was knee-high to a grasshopper, with timid eyes, ears like two fans, two front teeth missing, short hair and continually dirty hands. You know, the look that fits every nephew.I liked and was closely attached to him. With that knee-high-to-a-grasshopper size, he used to look up at me as if viewing a telephone pole, his amber eyes smiling and secretly making fun of me. The legs sticking out of his short pants were a little crooked. Though his eyes were straight, he appeared a bit cross-eyed. I felt sorr y when I looked at him…and I never got angry with him or hit him. When we talked, he seemed to have a weight on his shoulders and appeared offended. When he was guilty, this attribute definitely worsened. His eyes grew moist and his voice softened to where he could hardly be heard; it trembled like a leaf. Those who saw him, thought him an orphan and felt sorry. They felt like putting their hands in their pockets and giving him some spending money or candy. In spite of my hitting my other nephews for any old thing, this one I cou ldn?t touch. I loved the little son of a gun!At home, no matter who got angry, our nephew managed to keep his distance. If you spoke to him, he didn?t reply. If he did answer, it was quietly. Even if you hit him, he was quiet. When taking a beating, instead of increasing, his wailing decreased. Thus, the anger of who ever was beating him turned to compassion and the boy was saved from further punishment.Only much later did I come to this conclusion. When talking with others I observed that our lad had neither crooked legs, cross-eyes nor big ears hanging like fig leaves. Furthermore, when he got mad, he knew how to yell his head off. It was only when he detected danger that his legs went crooked, his ears grew and his eyes crossed.I hadn?t seen my nephew for the fifteen years since I had emigrated to Canada. He had become a strapping young man, handsome and strong! After bidding him welcome, I asked a few questions about what he planned to do.“What job will you take, Nephew??“Goll y, Uncle, I?ll do any jo b there is. Nothing will get away fro m me. Just say it, I?ll do it.I?ve done everything! I?ve been a carpenter, electrician, peddler, shoemaker, tailor, auto mechanic; you want more? I?ve been all of these!”“Too bad! So you didn?t get the chance to go to college?”“What kind of talk is that, Uncle! I finished law school.”“Very well, my boy, but how did you find time to do all these things? You?re only twenty-three years old! How did you manage all these jobs and still go to coll ege?”“Uncle, don?t worry about the details! Just eat the grapes and don?t ask about the vineyard! If you don?t believe me, show me a broken electric sewing machine, radio, electric shaver or a juicer and I?ll repair it. You can?t tell a suit I?ve reversed the cloth on from a new o ne. If I turn that handkerchief pocket over it will look real sharp! It?s not hard to sell old clothes for new! If it?s food you want, let me cook for you today! See if what I cook isn?t so delicious you can?t eat enough of it? The flavor will stay on your palate a hundred years! There?s nothing I don?t know,Uncle!”I saw that our boy certainly had learned “to shoot the bull.” I?ve heard of all types but never one like this. The boy was a walking trades guild! Furthermore, he had studied law! Be logical, I thought to myself. If a person spent two years learning each job, it would take fifty years to learn all these professions. “Something?s rotten in Denmark.” It?ll probably surface later!“What job can you get here? Forget law fo r now. The source of Canadi an law is not Roman law. Napoleonic Civil Law isn?t in effect here, either, ” I told him.“Napoleonic Law? What?s that? We didn?t study such law.”“You mean you don?t know who Napoleon was?”“No,” replied our nephew.“So-o-o, what kind of history did you s tudy??“Ordinary history, Uncle! Only we didn?t have a history teacher. A captain came to our class, a history buff from the nearby regiment. He gave us lots of lessons on soldiering and the repair of weapons. Because of him, I became a Number One gunsmith. Bring whatever you want! Blindfolded, I can take apart a machine gun and assemble it again, I can even repair heavy tanks. If you want, I?ll make you a pistol form a water pipe! I know lots about weapons. Our captain used t o say, “After you know weapons,you make history yourself. There?s no need to learn history someone else has made!” I don?t know who defeated whom in battle nor what year. What do I care?Would that make me powerful? It?s hot air! Nah! If this right arm is strong, OK, forget the rest!”“Very well, Nephew! Tomorrow, let?s go to the capital and register you at the embassy.”“Are we going to Washington, Uncle?”“Come on, is Washington the capital of Canada？Who taught you geography, my boy?”“O-hoh, Uncle, look at the question you asked. Gee, in a lifetime, who is going to ask me the capital of Canada? Instead of that, I learned more useful things! If your coat gets torn today will knowledge about Canada save you expense? Or is knowledge of sewing needed? Tell me, Uncle! The things our geogr aphy teacher taught us are always useful. After our school?s geography teacher, Omer Temel, left to open a grocery store, the town tailor, Kasim Effendi, who knew how to read and write, came to teach the geography class. He taught us for six years. We learned a lot! Every year, we turned the cloth on two suits of clothes. We patched and learned to press! We learned how to sew trousers. Our teacher said, “Learn this and in life you?ll never go hungry. Instead of memorizing the names of infidel foreign cities, or learning their rivers, learn something useful! What?s that knowledge good for except to climb mountains and tear up your shoes? For what God-awful reason do you learn the population of Berlin or London? Doesn?t the number change every year? Not only every year, it changes every day, every hour! Thousands of people die, are born, come and go…Don?t those geographers have any brains? They never get tired of giving false figures to the students.”“Tailor Kasim Effendi used to say, “Now see! Look at Haydar,the literature teacher?s house, then mine! Tell me now, whose knowledge is the most useful? Haydar Bey writes poetry, but he?s hungry; so what?s the use of this knowledge? Come and see whose knowledge provides more bread, butter and honey. Come and see who lives more comfortably. Pay attention to what I say! Learn what I show you and you won?t eat bread withoutbutter and honey!”I listened to my nephew in amazement. What he said was probably true. I compared my situation with his. There was a chasm between us! I was a graduate history teacher, fifty-three years old. For the past fifteen years I?ve continued at the university every winter learning new things. Every year, I realize how far behind I am! In spite of this, in the same place, like a donkey?s tail, I teach on and on, hoping for better things! With this way of life it seems I?m getting nowhere.“Very well, my boy, how?s your mathematics?” I asked.“Hot as a pistol, Uncle. Not a thing wrong with it! We learned mathematics fr om its origin. Ther e was no one better than our teacher. If you searched all of Turkey, you truly couldn?t find a better teacher. Mison came to us for math. He was the accountant for a big institution. He taught us how to count money, put the excess in the safe and to bargain.“He impressed on us the fine points of addition and subtraction. For example: when buying a product, addition is one thing when selling, something else. It?s the same with subtraction! Not everyone knows these fine points. Mison is a man who gives the government the run-around. He prepares tax returns every year and it?s impossible to find a mistake in them. The government offered him thousands of lira: …Come and be our Minister of Finance!?He didn?t accept. …I?m just a servant t o free principles!? he replied. Truly, he was a modest man. It?s too bad we couldn?t learn multiplication and division form him. But never mind, I?ll handle the situation with addition and subtraction. Thank God, I haven?t been cheated yet.”“All right, so n, didn?t you have diff iculty in college with such a two-bit education??“What difficulty, Uncle? The teachers had the difficulty from us. It was really easy for us. At this time I learned auto repair. In the second year of law, our professor of International Law was sick and di dn?t come to class the whole year. During those class periods, I went to the garage across from the university and worked. I did auto repairs. American tourists used to bring their cars to the garage. So I learned foreign money and exchange in addition to improving my knowledge of English. That year I earned as much as a professor.”I was becoming more and more interested. This was a philosophy of education unfamiliar to me. They were educating students in an atmosphere conforming to the goings-on in the world.“OK, son, what did you learn carpentry in place of??“I didn?t learn it in place of anything, Uncle! When our professor of Civil Law suddenly died at the beginning of the school year, I worked at a carpentry shop to fill my spare time. Uncle, I have no regrets that I learned this. I built our house. Foundation, walls, ceiling, furniture----I made everything. Too bad I didn?t stay there longer.“Six months later, a teacher came to our college of Medicine, a specialist in internal medicine. From him, I p icked up many facts related to civil law. He?d been in the College of Medicine when one of his teachers died; a professor of Civil Law then came to teach them. So that?s how he learned a great deal about law. That year he also increased our knowledge of health. If someone gets sick at home, I understand their condition, more or less.I know how to administer aspirin and quinine. Working on cruise ships, I measured blood pressure for two seasons and made lots of money. I was just ab out to become a doctor!”M y nephew?s treasury of knowledge knew no bounds. He had learned something about everything. In Canada, he worked on and off… He couldn?t hold a job anywhere. Everything he did was third-rate, so they gave him the gate. One day, we found that he?d packed up his stuff and returned to Turkey. According to our latest news, in one year the boy became a millionaire.We correspond. In every letter he says, “Work hard on your university courses, Ha!”The Lemon LadyKatitiWe called her the "Lemon Lady" because of the sour-puss face she always presented to the public and because she grew the finest lemons we had ever seen, on two huge trees in her front garden. We often wondered why she looked so sour and how she grew such lemons ----but we could find out nothing about her. She was an old lady----at least 70 years of age, at a guess, perhaps more.One day we answered an advertisement for a flat to rent, as we had been asked to leave ours as soon as we could, and when we went to the address given, it was the house of the Lemon Lady.She didn't "unfreeze" during the whole of our interview. She said the flat would not be ready for occupation for about a month; that she had 45 names on her list and might add more before it was ready and then she would just select the people to suit her best. She was not antagonistic, just firm and austere, and I gathered that we were not likely to be the ones selected.As my husband and I were leaving, I said, "How do you grow those wonderful lemons?" She gave a wintry smile, which transformed her whole expression and made her look sweet and somehow pitiful."I do grow nice lemons," she replied. We went on to tell her how much we had always admired them every time we had passed, and she opened up and told us quite a lot about this fruit.“You know the general theory of pruning, I suppose?" She asked."Oh," said my husband, "I understand about pruning fruit trees and roses, but you must not prune lemons, or so I understand." He added these last words when he saw from the Lemon Lady's expression that he had said the wrong thing."No," said the Lemon Lady, "you must not prune lemons unless you want them to grow like mine. What is the reason for pruning?""Well, to cut off dead or diseased wood; to prevent one branch chafing another; to let the sunlight into the center of the bush and to promote the growth of the more virile buds.""Very nicely put," said the Lemon Lady. "And why do you think that lemons are better with dead or diseased wood on them; why should you not let sunlight into them; why should allowing many sickly buds to develop make it a healthier tree?""I hadn't thought about it at all," confessed my husband rather shame-facedly, as he prides himself on being an original thinker, and here he was allowing an old lady to out-think him. "Everyone here said you mustn't prune lemons, so I thought it must be right."We thanked her for the information and left, on much better terms with her than we would have ever thought possible. We even felt quite a degree of affection towards her.In the course of the next three weeks we saw several places that might have been to let but which for various reasons we could not get. Eventually we got a place that suited us very welland I returned to tell the Lemon Lady that we would not be needing her flat.She was very nice and gave me afternoon tea. She said in her precise and careful style, "I'm glad you have a house for your own sake and for the sake of your little boy, because a flat is no place for a child, especially a boy. But for my own sake, I'm very sorry.I had decided to let you have the flat because I think we could have got on very well together and because you liked my lemons."As I left, she handed me a bag with two huge lemons in it. They were the most magnificent I have ever seen----huge and without blemish, and two were all the load I would care to carry. As I looked back from the gate and saw her sweet smile, I wondered why we had called her the Lemon Lady.As my husband said to me afterwards, "No one could do anything so well as she grew those lemons, without being very proud of the accomplishment, and our touching on them was a goodpoint in psychology." We have used that idea to good effect several times since then.At the house we did rent was a decayed, dying old lemon tree with the woodlice playing havoc with the remnant of its body. My husband shook his head sadly as he gazed at it. "Too late for treatment, I'm afraid," he said, but he set to and pruned it ruthlessly. We were in that house for four years and from the second year onward, we each had the juice of a lemon every morning, and when we left we took with us two 60-pound cases of lemons from the tree, and after we left a friend wrote and asked why we had not picked the lemons before we left.We still call her the Lemon Lady, but the term is now one ofpure affection.Hate(Excerpt)Hendrik Willem Van LoonSuddenly the war was over, and Hitler was captured and brought to Amsterdam. A military tribunal condemned him to death. But how should he die? To shoot or hang him seemed too quick, too merciful. Then someone uttered what was in everybody's mind: the man who had caused such incredible suffering should be burned to death."But," objected one judge, "our biggest public square in Amsterdam holds only 10,000 people, and 7,000,000 Dutch men, women and children will want to be there to curse him during his dying moments."Then another judge had an idea. Hitler should be burned at the stake, but the wood was to be ignited by the explosion of a handful of gunpowder set off by a long fuse which should start in Rotterdam and follow the main road to Amsterdam by way of Delft, The Hague, Leiden and Haarlem. Thus millions of people crowding the wide avenues which connect those cities could watch the fuse burn its way northward to Herr Hitler's funeral pyre.A plebiscite was taken as to whether this was a fitting punishment. There was 4,981,076 yeas and one nay. The nay was voted by a man who preferred that Hitler be pulled to pieces by four horses.At last the great day came. The ceremony commenced at four o'clock on a June morning. The mother of three sons who had been shot by the Nazis for an act of sabotage they did not commit set fire to the fuse while a choir sang a solemn hymn ofgratitude. Then the people burst forth into a shout of triumph.The spark slowly made its way from Rotterdam to Delft, and on toward the great square in Amsterdam. People had come from every part of the country. Special seats had been provided for the aged and the lame and the relatives of murdered hostage.Hitler, clad in a long yellow shirt, had been chained to the stake. He preserved a stoical silence until a little boy climbed upon the pile of wood surrounding the former Fuhrer and placed there a placard which read, "This is the world's greatest murderer." This so aggravated Hitler's pent-up feelings that he burst into one of his old harangues.The crowd gaped, for it was a grotesque sight to see this little man ranting away just as if he were addressing his followers. Then a terrific howl of derision silenced him.Now came the great moment of the day. About three o'clock in the afternoon the spark reached the outskirts of Amsterdam. Suddenly there was a roll of drums. Then, with an emotion such as they had never experienced before, the people sang the Wilhelmus, the national anthem. Hitler, now ashen-gray, futilely strained at his chains.When the Wilhelmus came to an end, the spark was only a few feet from the gunpowder; five more minutes, Hitler would die a horrible death. The crowd broke forth to a shout of hate. A minute went by. Another minute. Silence returned. Now the fuse had only a few inches to go. And at that moment the incredible happened.A wizened little man wriggled through the line of soldiers standing guard. Everybody knew who he was. Two of his sons had been machine-gunned to death by parachute troops; his wife and three daughters had perished in Rotterdam's holocaust.Since then, the poor fellow had seemed deprived of reason, wandering aimlessly about and supported by public charity—an object of universal pity.But what he did now made the crowd turn white with anger. For he deliberately stamped upon the fuse and put it out."Kill him! Kill him!" the mob shouted. But the old man quietly faced the menacing populace. Slowly he lifted both arms toward heaven. Then in a voice charged with fury, he said:"Now let us do it all over again!"因为有了那个信箱林荣芝近来小镇治安有点乱。
翻译与文化(修改)PPT课件
种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆. As a man sows,so he shall reap.
【岛国，航海业发达】 In a calm sea, every man is a pilot. 海面平静，人人都可以当舵手
Between the devil and the deep sea. 进退两难
2019/12/31
2作家：屠格涅夫、契诃夫、莫泊桑、易卜生、显克微支、安徒生、高尔基、 阿尔志跋夫、田木田独步、武者小路实笃以及王尔德等
3译者:陈独秀、胡适、刘半农、鲁迅、周作人、沈雁冰、郑振铎、汪中朋、罗 家伦、陶履恭、沈性仁、沈泽民等。
由此我们可以看出新青年的翻译作品范围之广，从事翻译工作的人数之众 。
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2019/12/31
Example
再以新文化运动时期我国文化思想史上一个重要刊物《新青 年》的翻译文学为例。
《新青年》一开始，即针对 国内思想界和文学界的现状， 有意识地位传播新思潮和文学 革命运动服务，积极翻译欧洲 和其他地区现实主义流派的作 家作品，为当时中国在文言与 白话冲突不断的时期，丰富和 完善民族语言系统作出了杰出 贡献。
活一方面，如社会组织
、伦理习惯、政治制度 及经济关系等。
（三） 物质生活方 面，如饮食 、起居种种 享用，人类 对于自然界 求生存的各 种等。
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• 重译： • 西海的风啊， • 你轻轻地吹，轻轻地唱 • 西海的风啊， • 你轻轻地，轻轻地吹呀唱， • 越过波涛翻滚的海洋， • 掠过明月西沉的夜空，吹呀 • 再把他吹到我的身旁； • 我的小宝宝，我的乖宝宝，睡呀睡得香。
2 A Call on the Recluse Who Is Just Out
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--- tr. Sun Dayu
3 A Hermit Visited but not Encountered
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--- tr. Wan Changsheng & Wang Jianzhong
4 Looking for a Recluse but Failing to Find Him
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• 译文： 一个刚从学校回来的年轻女士正 在解释。“拿一个鸡蛋，”她说， “在底部打一个孔，在顶点上打 一个相应的孔。然后把嘴唇放在 孔上，用力吸气，蛋壳里的东西 就会完全抽空了。”一个听她讲 的老妇人惊叫道：“如今的人做 事真奇怪，我作小孩的时候，他 们一头打个洞，就吸干了。”
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• 译文： 一位刚从学校回家的女学生正在解 释：“取一枚鸡蛋，”她说，“在 蛋的底部打一个小孔，再在蛋的顶 点上打一个对应的小孔。然后将嘴 唇置于该孔之上并用力吸气，壳内 之物则尽释无遗。”一位听她讲话 的老太太嚷了起来：“如今的人做 事真叫人摸不着头脑，我作姑娘的 那阵儿，人们把蛋一头磕一个洞， 嘶溜儿一嘬就吃了。”
3 真实指涉性（真值性）VS 虚假指涉性（虚指性）
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1. 文学语言的自指性:
2. 使语言话语突出和显示自身。其表现在：
--语音：日常语言注重意思的表达，发音 是否悦耳动听，节奏是否抑扬顿挫等就 顺其自然、比较随便；文学语言关注发 音谐拗、节奏疾徐、韵律有无等。
--语法：文学语言往往会偏离日常语言语 法规范，如语序调整，词性变换等。
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2.文学语言的曲指性：
采用曲折迂回手法表达意思
--原因：作者的表意策略；形象指涉的内 容具有某种不可穷尽性特点；读者想象 与回味的审美要求。
--表现：各种修辞手段或含蓄手法。
--结果：“言有尽而意无穷” “言在此而 意在彼” “不着一字，尽得风流”。
--目的：强化和深化审美效果和艺术感染 力。
• Over the rolling waters go,
• Come from the dying moon, and blow,
• Blow him again to me;
• While my little one, while my pretty one,德·丁尼生
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A young lady home from school was explaining. “Take an egg,”she said, “and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex, then apply the lips to the aperture, and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.” An old lady who was listening exclaimed: “It beats all how folks do things nowadays. When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end and sucked.”
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--- tr. Burton Watson
5 An Unsuccessful Visit to an Absent Recluse
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三驼图（明）李士达 张驼提盒去探亲， 李驼遇见问原因， 赵驼拍手哈哈笑， 世上原来无直人。
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寻隐者不遇 贾岛
松下问童子， 言师采药去。 只在此山中， 云深不知处。
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标题的翻译
1 A Note Left for an Absent Recluse
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--- tr. Witter Bynner
4)审美忠实：不可叛逆的文学翻译之重
《英语世界》2012（2）：4-6
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• 主要内容
1 文学语言的基本特性 2 文本层次论与翻译研究 3 文学译者的素质要求 4 文学翻译的原则 5 译例演示
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一 文学语言的基本特性
指义性 VS 审美性
1 外部指涉性（他指性）VS 自我指涉性（自指性）
2 直接指涉性（直指性）VS 间接指涉性（曲指性）
目的:增强语言的审美效果，激发读者审
美感知和审美情感。
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Sweet and Low Alfred Tennyson
• Sweet and low, sweet and low,
• Wind of the western sea,
• Low, low, breathe and blow,
• Wind of the western sea!
文学翻译工作者戒 （译事十戒；译事十法） 《英语世界》2012（3）：4-6
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2)文学翻译由来已久，而且现在的本科翻 译专业基本上走的都是文学翻译的老路 子，……，仍然重复文学翻译的课程设 置,…… 《中国翻译》2012（1）：26 (文学翻译“假想
敌”)
3)用文学翻译的例子研究了普适性的翻译 问题；文学翻译是基础、训练、修养与 提高。
Literary Translation
2012.05.
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整体概况
概况一
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概况二
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概况三
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• 引言：
1）谈翻译的书，特别是谈文学翻译的书， 一般有两大类：一类是纯粹探讨翻译理 论的书，搞翻译的人大都不看，看也看 不下去；一类是单纯探讨翻译技巧的书， 这类书有些是不怎么做翻译的人“研究” 出来的，不是隔靴搔痒，也多是纸上谈 兵，所谓的实用指南并不能用到实践中 去。