四六级选词填空练习
大学英语四六级考试选词填空专项训练题

大学英语四六级考试选词填空专项训练题(1)A department store’s the land upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (1) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a farmer’s (2) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (3) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (4) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (5) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (6) ______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption (fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (7) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality (8)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (9) _____ variation becomes a major management task.The function of the feedback is to provide (10) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
大学英语四六级考试选词填空专项训练题1

大学英语四六级考试选词填空专项训练题1一Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid E)hopeF)especially G)aid H)ordinary I)approval J)monetaryK)generally L)improve M)challenging N)restore O)excellentAnswers:1. 选L 第一段主要提出了行为学家和认知派研究专家对于额外奖励的不同看法,因此可以推出此处应填与destroy 意思相反的动词,可选项由improve 和aid ,但能与performance 构成动宾搭配的只有improve ,故排除aid 。
四级考试选词填空训练题附答案解析

四级考试选词填空训练题附答案解析四级考试选词填空训练题(一)Perhaps like most Americans you have some e某tra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as theresting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic e某ercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity e某ercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.[A] positive[B] additional[C] duration[D] effectivee[E] shed [F] physical[G] food [H] functions [I] participated [J] rely [K] cut [L] repeatedly[M] uses [N] little [O] obvious四级考试选词填空训练题答案47. E 该空需填入动词原形,结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状,你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________〞可知,E(去除)最符合文意。
四六级词汇试题及答案大全

四六级词汇试题及答案大全一、词汇匹配题根据题目所给的词汇,选择正确的中文意思。
1. A. 观点B. 环境C. 观点的D. 环境的Answer: A2. A. 影响B. 影响的C. 受影响的D. 影响者Answer: A3. A. 教育B. 教育的C. 被教育的D. 教育者Answer: A4. A. 经济B. 经济的C. 经济上D. 经济地Answer: A5. A. 技术B. 技术的C. 技术性的D. 技术地Answer: A二、词汇填空题阅读以下短文,从括号内所给的选项中选择正确的词汇填空。
In recent years, the rapid development of technology has had a profound (1) on our lives. People can now communicate with each other through various (2) platforms. Moreover, the advancement in (3) has also contributed to the growth of the digital economy.1. A. effectB. affectC. affectionD. efficiencyAnswer: A2. A. electronicB. electricalC. electronicalD. electricallyAnswer: A3. A. economicsB. economicC. economyD. economizeAnswer: B三、同义词替换题根据题目要求,用括号内提供的同义词替换句子中的划线部分。
1. The new policy will have a significant impact on the business sector.- impact (affect)Answer: The new policy will have a significant affect on the business sector.2. The environmental issue is a global concern that requires international cooperation.- concern (issue)Answer: The environmental issue is a global issue that requires international cooperation.3. The teacher's educational approach inspired the students to learn more about the subject.- educational (pedagogical)Answer: The teacher's pedagogical approach inspired the students to learn more about the subject.四、反义词判断题判断句子中划线部分的反义词是否正确。
(完整版)CET4选词填空练习题汇总

(完整版)CET4选词填空练习题汇总英语四级选词填空练习题(1)What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel _ 1 _ about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We're 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans”eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the natio n’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 .But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It's no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in suchbondage(束缚). It's what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. constantF. definedG. vanishH. adaptedI. creativeJ. beliefK. suspiciousL. certaintyM. obsessedN. identifyO. ideals答案详解:1. D feel是一个系动词,可以判断此处应填入一个形容词,通过上下文意思,以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. "对……感到有愧"。
四六级选词填空练习题

四六级选词填空练习题一、名词辨析1. The government is planning to ________ new measures to reduce air pollution.A. introduceB. adoptC. pursueD. investigate2. In order to improve the quality of education, the school has decided to ________ more experienced teachers.A. employB. hireC. recruitD. dismissA. investmentB. contributionC. involvementD. engagement二、动词辨析1. She ________ her phone and realized she had missed several calls.A. picked upB. took upC. made upD. turned up2. The teacher asked the students to ________ their essays before submitting them.A. reviseB. rewriteC. editD. draft3. The police are ________ the case and hope to solve it soon.A. investigatingB. examiningC. inspectingD. overseeing三、形容词辨析1. The ________ weather in the mountains can change rapidly.A. stableB. steadyC. changeableD. variable2. The new policy is ________ to both employers and employees.A. beneficialB. profitableC. advantageousD. useful3. The patient's condition remains ________ after the surgery.A. stableB. steadyC. calmD. quiet四、副词辨析1. She sings ________ well that everyone admires her.A. soB. veryC. tooD. enough2. The meeting will start ________ at 9 o'clock.A. punctuallyB. promptlyC. immediatelyD. rapidly3. He answered the question ________ and accurately.A. brieflyB. conciselyC. simplyD. clearly五、介词短语辨析1. The accident happened ________ the intersection of two busy streets.A. atB. onC. inD. under2. She is responsible ________ the project and will ensure its success.A. forB. toC. withD. ofA. Due toB. Because ofC. Owing toD. As for六、固定搭配A. looking atB. looking intoC. looking afterD. looking for2. The police are ________ the missing child.A. searchingB. seekingC. huntingD. chasingA. achievingB. attainingC. reachingD. acquiring七、连词辨析1. ________ he was tired, he decided to finish the report before going to bed.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. SinceD. If2. ________ you finish your homework, you can go out and play.A. OnceB. UntilC. WhileD. If3. ________ the train was late, she missed the meeting.A. SinceB. BecauseC. ThereforeD. Otherwise八、短语动词辨析1. He ________ his job last month and is now looking fora new one.A. gave upB. quitC. resigned fromD. retired from2. The teacher ________ the class with an interesting story.A. beganB. startedC. launchedD. initiatedA. moveB. transferC. shiftD. change九、情态动词辨析1. You ________ be more careful when you're driving in the rain.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. may2. She ________ have finished the report now.A. mustB. shouldC. couldD. might3. ________ you mind if I open the window?A. WouldB. CouldC. ShouldD. Might十、时态辨析1. By the time they got to the theater, the movie________.A. has startedB. startedC. had startedD. was startingA. have workedB. workedC. had workedD. was working3. ________ you ever ________ to Paris?A. Have; beenB. Did; goC. Were; goingD. Will; be十一、语态辨析1. The book ________ a famous author.A. writesB. is writtenC. wroteD. has written2. Many accidents ________ careless drivers every year.A. causeB. are causedC. causedD. are causing3. The decision ________ at the last meeting.A. was madeB. madeC. has madeD. is making十二、词义辨析A. enhanceB. increaseC. raiseD. lift2. The teacher asked the students to ________ their answers in writing.A. presentB. showC. displayD. demonstrate3. The conference will be an opportunity to ________ with experts from around the world.答案一、名词辨析1. A. introduce2. C. recruit3. A. investment二、动词辨析1. A. picked up2. A. revise3. A. investigating三、形容词辨析1. C. changeable2. A. beneficial3. A. stable四、副词辨析1. A. so2. A. punctually3. B. concisely五、介词短语辨析1. A. at2. A. for3. A. Due to六、固定搭配1. D. looking for2. A. searching3. A. achieving七、连词辨析1. A. Although2. A. Once3. B. Because八、短语动词辨析1. B. quit2. A. began3. A. move九、情态动词辨析1. A. must2. A. must3. A. Would十、时态辨析1. C. had started2. C. had worked3. A. Have; been 十一、语态辨析1. B. is written2. B. are caused3. A. was made十二、词义辨析1. A. enhance2. A. present3. A. interact请确保在练习时仔细审题,理解每个选项的含义,以提高解题准确率。
四六级选词填空练习题及答案

1.It’s never easy to admit you are in the wrong.Being human,we all need to know the art of apologizing.Look back with honesty and think how often you’ve judged roughly,said unkind things,pushed yourself ahead at the ___1__of a friend.Then count the __2_when you indicated clearly and truly that you were sorry.A bit frightening,isn’t it?Frightening because some deep __3_in us known that whenever a small wrong has been__4_,some mysterious moral feeling is disturbed,and it stays out of balance until fault is __5_and regret expressed.I remember a doctor friend,the late Clarece Lieb,telling me about a man who came to him with a __6_of signs:headaches,insomnia and stomach trouble.No physical cause could be found.Finally Dr.Lieb said to the man,“Unless you tell me what’s worrying you ,I can’t help you.”After some __7_,the man __8_,as executor of his father’s will,he had been cheating his brother,who lived abroad,of his inheritance.Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking for forgiveness and enclosing a cheque as the first step in resorting their good relation.He then went with him to the mail box in the corridor.As the letter disappeared,the man burst into tears.“Thank you,”he said,“I think I’m cured.”and he was.A heartfelt apology can not only heal a damaged relationship but also make it stronger.If you can think of someone who __9_an apology from you,someone you have wronged,or judged too roughly,or just__10_,do something about it right now.A.hesitation I.expenseB.Maintained J.permitC.Wisdom K.varietyD.Ignorance L.neglectedmitted M.confessedF.Occasions municationG.Deserves O.acknowledgedH.Prominent2. Chemistry did not __1_as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously.But chemical knowledge is as old as history,being almost entirely __2_with the practical arts of living.Cooking is __3_a chemical process,so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and poisons.This basic chemical knowledge,which was __4_in most cases as a rule of thumb,was nevertheless __5_on previous experiment.It also served to __6_afundamental curiosity about the processes themselves.New information was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain batter results.The development of a scientific __7_to chemistry was,however,hampered by several factors.The most serious problem was the vast range of material __8_and the consequent difficulty of organizing it into some system.In addition,there were social intellectual difficulties,chemistry is nothing if not practical,those who practice it must use their hands,they must have a certain practical flair.Yet in many __9_civilizations,practical tasks were primarily the province of a slave population.The thinker or philosopher stood apart from this mundane world,where the practical arts appeared to __10_any intellectual content of interest.The final problem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy.Experts in specific trades has developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others from stealing their livelihood.A.applied I.ancientck J.encourageC.Worried K.essentiallyD.Emerge L.dependentE.Stimulate M.methodF.Probable N.concernedG.Available O.approachH.conventionally3. New technology links the world as never before.Our planet has __1_.It’s now a “global village”where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link.And,of course,our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly __2_by foreign language skills.Deeply __3_with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.In modern markets,success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks.The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind”.He or s he can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success,and that promotions often follow or __4_an assignment abroad.If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas,superiors will have greater __5_in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language __6_are becoming more and more prevalent.Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business __7_,even small businesses in the UnitedStates are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business.But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language.A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in busines s, but having language skills gives a candidate the __8_when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an __9_to fast-forward certain negotiations,and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly.The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious __10_to the firm.A.accompany I.applicationsB.Asset J.authenticC.Database K.involvedD.Shrunk L.certificateE.Enforce M.enhancedF.Confidence N.issuesG.Edge O.opportunityH.Defy4. “opinion”is a word that is used carelessly today.It is used to refer to matters of taste,belief,and __1_.This causal use would probably cause little __2_if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion.Unfortunately,most to attach great importance to it.“I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,”and “everyone’s __3_to his opinion,”are common expressions.In fact,anyone who would __4_another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.Is that label __5_is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion?It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind.For example,you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars?”and he may reply,“In my opinion,they’re ugly.”In this case,it would be intolerant to challenge his statement,but foolish.For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal __6_,a matter of taste.And as the old saying goes,“It’s __7_to argue about matters of taste.”But consider this very different use of the term.A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has __8_its opinion in a controversial case.Obviously the justices did not shale their personal preferences,their mere likes and __9_.They stated their considered judgment,painstakingly arrived at after thorough __10_and deliberation.A.entitledB.preferenceB.Bachelor J.judgmentC.Confusion K.inquiryD.Capable L.deliveredE.Accurate M.cultivateF.Dislikes N.challengeG.Pointless O.collapseH.Tolerate5. We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of __1_coffee.When it was introduced,most people did not like it as well as “regular”coffee,and it took several years to gain general __2_(introduction stage).At one point,though,instant coffee grew rapidly in __3_,and many brands were introduced(stage of rapid growth).After a while,people became __4_to one brand and sales off (stage of maturity).Sales went into a slight__5_when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline.)The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this:different stages in the product life cycle call for different __6_.The goal is to __7_product life so that sales and profits do not decline.One strategy is called market modification.It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections.Did you know,for example,that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?Market modification also means searching for increased __8_among present customers or going for a different market,such as senior citizens.A marketer may re-position the product to __9_to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification.It involves changing product quality,features,or style to attract new users or more usage from present users.American auto manufactures are using quality __10_as one way to recapture world markets.Note,also,how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.A.attached I.instantB.weird J.declineage K.improvementD.acceptance L.deficiencyE.extend M.popularityF.decay N.strategiesG.cub O.consumeH.Appeal6. We human begins are entrusted with a very special place in creation,a place that calls us to __1_and live by certain values including kindness,generosity,forgiveness,joy and peace.Heroes help us __2_,develop and live by those values.The ancient Greeks said.“Tell me who you admire and I’ll tell you who you are.”According to this logic,choosing heroes is important because who you choose often __3_the character of a person and even a people.We are in __4_search of heroes.However,in today’s culture we tend to __5_celebrities for heroes,celebrities from whom we expect little and sometimes get less.So anxious are we to find someone in whom we can place our love and __6_that we choose from the parade of the newly famous and already nearly forgotten.And when we lose them,nothing is really lost for their successors have already claimed the next fifteen minutes of fame.Celebrities attract our __7_while real heroes send us to the source of their vision and dreams.We often look at celebrities to find out what our values should be and when we do.We discover we haven’t looked high enough.Real heroes take us one step closer to __8_our human potential.Real heroes strive for the imperishable trophies.Their rules and goals are different.They live and work in the world,but they embrace the eternal values of love,joy,peace,patience,kindness,goodness,faithfulness,humility,and self-control.While fame,fortune,and power may come their way,__9_them is not their goal.Heroes who deserve biography ,autobiography or memoir are people who may attract attention,but direct that attention beyond themselves to something greater.They help us aspire and __10_up to the values they embrace in their daily lives.Heroes can be found in the daily stuff of life,from parents to teachers.from counselors to that unexpected angel who helps you change a tire during a dark and rainy night.They can also be found in our religious and historical traditions,and among the unsung activists and brave politicians.A.fulfilling I.inclineB.substitute J.attainingpleted K.constantD.determines L.embraceE.distinguishing M.destructiveF.loyalty N.curiosityG.live O.dignityH.Define7. Online courses,also called distance learning,are a hot new __1_in American education.According to the nonprofit Distance Education and Training Council,about 400 US colleges and schools offer some __2_of their programs on the Web.At the university level,they cost the same as traditional classes and require similar weekly __3_and textbook reading,the difference is in class __4_.Generally speaking,students congregate online throughout each week to __5_the topic with the professor,but these discussions occur“asynchronously”(不同时地)rather than in real time.Your read other’s comments and post your own whenever you get a chance.Written assignments are posted,you e-mail in your work periodically,and you are required to take a proctored exam in order to receive degree credit.__6_boosting business administration and information technology programs are the most popular,but you’ll also find a variety of __7_arts offerings,from film theory to medieval history and foreign language study.While you still can’t get an Ivy League degree online,a growing number of elite institutions,including Stanford and New York University are beginning to offer online courses.The benefits for busy people are __8_.“I always get a front-row seat,”says one student studying at the State University of New York learning Network,“I can get up in the middle of class,__9_a cup of coffee.The class is waiting for me when I get back,and I haven’t missed a thing.”On the other hand,some students miss the face-to-face __10_that often sparks interest and involvement.A.explosion I.obviousB.participation J.exceedC.trend K.portionD.extinguish L.exploreE.career M.assignmentsF.interaction N.exileG.literal O.grabH.exclusive8. Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick,light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,”the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely __1_for global domination.But its maker,Frito-Lay,thinks otherwise,“Potato chip are a snack food for the world,”said Salman Amin,the company’s head of global __2_.Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can __3_the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America,owned by PepsiCo,and __4_for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits.But the U.S.snack food market is largely saturated,and to grow,the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs:first,a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete,andsecond,consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global”as a __5_.“Global”does not mean products that are consciously identified as American,but ones that consumers ---especially young people---see as part of a modern,innovative world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes.Potato chips are an American invention,but most Chinese,for instance,do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company.Instead,Rickey,the company’s research and development head,would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a __6_factor,Rickey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo.The logo,along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility”of its chips,would help __7_the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to __8_national eating habits to a food created in America,but they __9_that accounts to economic imperialism.Rather,they see Frito-Lay as __10_the benefits of free enterprise across the world.“we’re making products in those countries,we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries,building businesses an employing people and changing lives.”said Steve Reinemund,PepsiCo’s chief executive.A.spreading I.marketingB.resist J.concludeC.deny K.accountsD.swing L.facilitateE.flourish M.weaponF.concept N.exposeG.crucial O.futileH.Forge9. Bullfighting has often been called Spain’s favorite sport.But to call it this is wrong for two reasons:first,soccer is the most popular sport;and second,bullfight cannot really be called a sport.It should be called,more __1_,a spectacle,an exhibition,or a __2_,like a ballet.However,this ballet is like dancing on a tight rope,because if the bullfight makes a mistake,he will quite likely be injured or killed.A bullfight is not really a __3_between a man and bull.__4_it is a contest between a man and himself.The audience goes to the ring to see a man __5_his own fear of the horns and take as many chances with the bull as possible.It is very much like the audience that goes to see acrobats do __6_on the flying trapezes at the __7_.The crowd does not want to see the men miss the bar and fall;what it wants is the __8_of seeing the performers almost miss and then save themselves by their skill,it is the same in the bullring.Bullfight is one of the few ways a poor boy can become rich and famous in Spain and Latin American.But for every successful matador there are hundreds who have fallen by the wayside and are forgotten.Many do not have the necessary __9_and skill.Some are __10_by the bulls,and some are killed.A.circus I.hazardB.Contest J.tricksC.Guilty K.propertyD.Conquer L.hatchE.Crippled M.thrillF.Grace N.highlightG.Actually O.performanceH.guaranteecating girls quite possibly __1_a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world.Women’s education may be unusual __2_for economists,but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.And economists,with its __3_on incentives,provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to __4_in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family:girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and __5_children.Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school---the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling,trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.An educated mother,on the other hand,has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.she is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can __6_on the development of all her children,__7_that her daughters are given a fair chance.the education of her daughters them makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls,as well as of boys,will be educated and healthy.the vicious circle is thus __8_into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.But it has __9_economic advantages as well.Most obviously,there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers.Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling.Such big returns are __10_by the standard of other available investments,but they are just the cating women also has a significant impact on health practices,including family planning.A.territory I.yieldsB.transformed J.impulseC.fossil K.enormousD.insist L.investE.impressive M.ensuringF.contaminate N.implementG.assuring O.bearH.Emphasis11. For an increasing number of students at American universities,old is suddenly in.The reason is obvious:the graying of America means jobs.Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation,a longer life __1_ means that the nation’s elderly population is __2_to expand significantly over the next 50 years.By 2050,25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65,up from 12 percent in 1995.The change __3_profound questions for government and society,of course.But it also creates opportunities in medicine and health professions,and in law and business as well.“In addition to the doctors,we’re going to need more sociologists,biologists,__4_planners and specialized lawyers,”says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California’s School of Gerontology.(老年学)Lawyers can __5_in “elder law”,which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home __6_and age discrimination.Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers,74 million strong,are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history.“Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with,say,an MBA of law degree will have a __7_to print money.”one professor says.Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC.She began college as a biology __8_but found she was“really bored with bacteria.”So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it.She says,“I did __9_work in retirement homes and it was very __10_.”A.poses I.boundB.satisfying J.moanC.leisure K.volunteerD.span L.justifyE.license M.loopF.major N.urbanG.specialize O.abuseH.hail12. Henry Ford,the famous U.S.inventor and car __1_,once said,“The business of America is business.”By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.Few would argue with Ford’s statement.A brief __2_at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business.For example,nearly every newspaper has a business section,in which the deals and projects,finances and management,stock prices and labor problems of __3_are reported daily.In __4_,business news can appear in every other section.Most national news has an important financial aspect to it.Welfare,foreign aid,the federal budget,and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily __5_by business.Moreover,business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places.The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry”or“show business.”The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the ___6_that business has brought to U.S.life.One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job.Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S.__7_system is driven by competition.People believe that this system creates more wealth,more jobs,and a materially better way of life.The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement,however,can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business.And the term big business---referring to the biggest companies,is seen in opposition to labor.Throughout U.S.history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages,better working conditions,and the right to form unions.Today,many of the old labor __9_are over,but there is still some employee __8_.Downsizing---the laying off of thousands of workers to keep __10_low and profits high---creates feelings of insecurity for many.A.effect I.economicB.glimpse J.maintainC.disputes K.additionD.furthermore L.manufacturerE.manager M.aspectF.prosperity N.expensesG.anxiety O.affectedH.Corporations13. In July of 1996,less than three weeks before the 15th wedding __1_of the __2_couple,Prince Charles and Princess Diana__3_announced plans to end their troubled marriage.By then,the “fairy-tale”marriage had fallen apart with both prince and princess admitting adultery.Some __4_said the marriage was ill-fated from the beginning.The couple were often described an incompatible:Charles was aristocratic,and airy man whose interests were horses,gardening and __5_.Diana loved pop music,fancy dresses and gossip.It did not help that Charles __6_a close relationship with Camilla Parker Bowels,whom he described in 1986 as “the love of my life”.By the late 1980s,the couple’s private troubles had become their public appearances---the bad relationship barely concealed as they stood apart while attending to their royal duties.In 1992,British“royal watcher”Andrew Morton published Diana:Her True Story,which states that Diana had suffered from __7_---an emotional disorder and some say co-authored by Diana outraged Charles,and just as importantly,his mother,Queen Elizabeth.More findings of troubles from both sides followed and in December of 1992,the couple agreed to a formal __8_.In 1995,Diana gave her earthshaking BBC television interview describing her depression and __9_the family of being uncaring.For Queen Elizabeth,it was to be the last she could __10_.She demanded that her son end his Diana gave up the right to be Queen of England and to be called “Her Royal Highness”.In return,she received a large sum payment to maintain her private office,and equal access to her children,Prince William and Prince Harry.What the agreement did not give Diana was a private life to call her own far away from the prying press.A.maintained I.architectureB.tolerate J.normallyC.anniversary K.mysteriousD.loyal L.separationE.depression M.royalF.mediation N.accusingG.negotiations O.observersH.Moderate14.Why does cream go bad faster than butter?Some researchers think they have the answer,and it comes down to the structure of the food,not its chemical __1_---a finding that could help rid some processed foods of __2_preservatives.Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances,so why cream should __3_much faster has been a mystery.Both are emulsions---tiny globules(小球)of one liquid evenly __4_throughout another.The difference lies in what’s in the globules and what’s in the __5_liquid,says Brocklehurst,who led the investigation.In cream,fatty globules __6_about in a sea of water.In butter,globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat.The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture.“This means that in cream,the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,”he says.When the situation is __7_,the bacteria are locked away in compartments buried deep in the sea of fat.Trapped in this way,individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients.They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products.“In butter,you get a self-limiting system which stops the bacteria growing,”says Brocklehurst.The researchers are already working with food companies __8_to see if their products can be made __9_to bacterial attack through alterations to the food’s structure.Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream,for instance,more like that in butter.The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid __10_.A.distributed I.chemicalB.perish J.promisingC.keen K.lumpD.surrounding L.overlookposition M.perishF.paste N.reversedD.drift O.sourG.Resistant15.Sign has become a scientific hot button.Only in the past 20 years have __1_in language study realized that sign languages are __2_---a speech of the hand.They offer a new way to __3_how the brain generates and understands language,and throw new light on an old scientific controversy:whether language,complete with grammar,is something that we are born with,or whether it is a learned __4_.The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington D.C.,the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English,the school enrolled him in a course in signing.But Stokoe noticed something odd:among themselves,students signed differently from his classroom teacher.Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code,each movement of the hands __5_a word in English.At the time,American Sign Language was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English.But Stokoe believed the “hand talk”his students used looked richer.He wondered:Might deal people Earth?It was 1955,when even deal people dismissed their signing as “substandard”.Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy.(异瑞邪说)It is 37 years later.Stokoe---now __7_his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture---is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet__8_and explaining how he started a revolution.For __9_educators fought his idea that sign languages are natural languages like English,French and Japanese.They __10_language must be based on speech,the modulation of sound.But sign language is based on the movement of hands,the modulation of space.“What I said.”Stokoe explains,“is that language is not mouth stuff---it’s brain stuff.”A.devoting I.campusB.unique I.specialistsC.provision K.prosperousD.behavior L.embraceE.representing M.genuineF.decades N.probeG.quivering O.punctualH.Assumed16. Americans are __1_of their variety and individuality,yet,whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the __2_for uniforms,one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __3_than civilian clothes.People have become conditioned to __4_superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __5_more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse,a policeman,a barber,or a waiter to lose professional __6_than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits.They save on other clothes.They save on laundry bills.They are tax-deductible.They are often more comfortable and more __7_than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality __8_by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms,the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it,without change,until retirement.When people look alike,they tend to think ,speak,and act similarly,on the job at least.Uniforms also give __9_to some practical problems.Though they are long-lasting,often their __10_expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain,requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.A.patriotic I.initial。
英语四级考试指导:选词填空题

英语四级考试指导:选词填空题英语四级考试指导:选词填空题英语四级阅读选词填空题一定要搞清楚每一个空的所需词的词性,根据词性选出对应的词,然后对对应词根据语义进行筛选。
在做题时一定要逐句阅读,并讲选出来的词做标记,以免影响后面的选择。
以下是店铺为大家整理的英语四级考试指导:选词填空题,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
英语四级考试指导:选词填空题名词判断特征做句子主语、宾语成分的空空前有形容词或冠词、空后无名词的与其它名词并列的空介词前的空易错点单复数可数、不可数动词判断特征做句子谓语成分的空、完成时have后的空不定式后、情态动词后的空被动态中的动词空(be+____+by)引出定语、状语成分的空,需要动词分词易错点动词形式(原形、三单、ed、ing)过去分词与现在分词的判断形容词判断特征做名词定语成分的空与其它形容词并列的空易错点对词义、习惯用法的掌握副词判断特征做形容词、动词或整句状语成分的空与其它副词并列的空英语四级考试指导:选词填空题选词填空,当然是考词汇。
但较之以往专门的词汇题,选词填空是对词汇更完全的更高层次的考察;因为它所考察的,是在篇章中对词汇的把握。
考核的主要目的是检查考生在上下文中猜测词义的能力以及单词词性识别能力。
遇到生词怎么办?时间不够怎么办?考前训练时注意培养以上两种能力,考试时加以运用,会大大提高答中率。
篇章词汇理解是大学英语(课程)四级考试中出现的一种老题型,这种题是在一篇长度为220个单词的文章中留出10个单词的空格,要求考生从15个备选单词中选出10个填入空格处,使文章语句通畅,表达正确。
测试重点:考生对连贯性一致性及逻辑关系等语篇语段的整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解。
既考查宏观结构,又考查微观理解。
15个单词中3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案、3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案、3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案、1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。
解题步骤:通读全文,抓住中心(首段,首句原则)阅读选项,词性分类(注意分析动词时态)全盘考虑,灵活选择(根据所需词性缩小范围,每词只能用一次)复读全文,核查答案(快速复读,用语感判断是否通顺准确)答题技巧一:确定空白处词性以下情况,空白处为动词:1 n./pron. vt. n./pron.前有名后有名,中间谓动2 n./pron. vi.前名后无名,谓动不及物3 n./pron. vi. adv./prep.前名后介副,谓动不及物4 n./pron. link v./be adj.前名后形容,be动或系动5 to v.前有to,后原型注意:确定空白处为动词,还需根据上下文确定正确形式以下情况,空白处为分词:过去分词:1has/have/had p.p(完成时态)2be p.p(被动语态)3p.p n.或n. p.p(过去分词做形容词,表示被动或已发生)现在分词:1be -ing(进行时态)2-ing n.或n.-ing(现在分词做形容词,表示主动或正在进行)3prep. –ing(介词宾语)以下情况,空白处为名词:(名词通常做主语或动词介词宾语)1a/the n.前有冠词2n. V.空白后为谓语动词3prep. n.空白前为介词,则空白处为名词或动名词(注意:根据空白处前的冠词和上下文判断所填名词的单复数;根据空白处后的谓语动词的形式判断所填名词的单复数)以下情况,空白处为形容词:1adj. n. n. adj.空白前后是名词2adv. adj.空白前是副词3link v./be adj. be动或系动后考虑形容词做表语以下情况,空白处为副词:1adv. v.或v. adv.副词修饰动词,表示程度状态2adv. adj.副词可修饰形容词3adv.从句,有些副词做句子的状语,表示转折因果等逻辑关系答题技巧二:确定考点需要积极意义还是消极意义,继而缩小选择范围,节省大量时间。
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CET4新题型样卷One in six. Believe it or not, that’s the number of Americans who struggle with hunger. To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding America, the nation’s largest36 hunger-relief organization, has chosen September as Hunger Action Month. As par t of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, it’s asking 37 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 38 .It’s the kind of work that’s done every day at St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church in San Antonio. People who39 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren’t looking for God –they’re there for something to eat. St. Andrew’s runs a food pantry (食品室) that 40 the city and several of the 41 towns. Janet Drane is its manager.In the wake of the 42 , the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is 43 that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal. What’s most surprising is that 36% of them live in 44 where at least one adult is working. “It used to be that one job was all you needed,” says St. Andrew’s Drane. “The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they’re still right on the edge45 .”A) accumulate I) householdsB) circling J) recessionC) communities K) reportedD) competition L) reviewedE) domestic M) servesF) financially N) surroundingG) formally O) surviveH) gather36. E 37. C 38. O 39. H 40. M41. N 42. J 43. K 44. I 45. F2013年12月CET4To get a sense of how women have progressed in science take a quick tour of the physics department at the University of California Berkeley. This is a storied place the 36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science-starting with Ernest Lawrence's invention of the cyclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931.A generation ago female faces were 37 and. even today, visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will See a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of them white malesBut climb up to the third floor and you'll see a 40 display. There, among the photos of current faculty members and students are portraits of the 41 head of the department, Marjorie Shapiro and four other women whose research 42 everything from the mechanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter. A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago. Although they're still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty, women are clearly a presence here. And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right graduate and undergraduate students about 20 percent of them female. Every years Berkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country's top universities. That makes Shapiro optimistic but also 44 "I believe things are getting better "she says "but they're not getting better as 45 as i would like."CET6新题型样卷To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, the ability to read must be painstakingly 36 by ea ch individual. The “reading circuits” we construct in the brain can be37 or they can be robust, depending on how often and how 38 we use them.The deep reader enters a state of hypnotic trance (心醉神迷的状态). When readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading 39 slows.The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection and analysis. It gives them time to establish an 40 relationship with the author, the two of them41 in a long and warm conversation like people falling in love.This is not reading as many young people know it. Their reading is instrumental:the difference between what literary critic Frank K ermode calls “carnal (肉体的)reading” and “spiritual reading.” If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading is all there is —if we don’t open the door to spiritual reading, through an early 42 on discipline and practice —we will have 43 them of an enjoyable experience they would not otherwise encounter. Observing young people’s 44 to digital devices, some progressive educators talk about “meeting kids where they are,” molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We n eed,45 , to show them someplace they’ve never been, a place only deep reading can take them.A) acquired I) intimateB) actually J) notwithstandingC) attachment K) petitionD) cheated L) ratherE) engaged M) scarcelyF) feeble N) swayedG) illicit O) vigorouslyH) insistenceAFOBI EHDCL2013年12月CET6Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good (36) , their advice to families is。