中考定语从句的讲解
九年级初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

一、定语从句的概念定语从句的用法和精练在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的的介定语词宾语指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that,as 介词+whom Whose/ofwhom指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that 作主语)放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that 作宾语)2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t.家超市。
(作主语)于火车站附近的那座大楼是一The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
九年级定语从句知识点总结

九年级定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,对于九年级的学生来说,掌握定语从句的用法是非常关键的。
本文将对九年级定语从句的知识点进行总结,帮助同学们更好地理解和运用定语从句。
一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句,用来添加更多的信息,使句子的意思更加明确和具体。
定语从句可以用来修饰人或事物,起到限定和描述的作用。
二、定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词有关系代词和关系副词两种类型。
关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that;关系副词有:when、where、why。
1. who和whom用于修饰人,who作主语,whom作宾语。
例:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.这个穿红裙子的女孩是我妹妹。
2. whose表示所有关系,修饰人或物,用来表示所属关系。
例:The man whose car was stolen reported to the police.车被盗的那个男人向警察报案了。
3. which用于修饰事物,既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
例:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
4. that通常可以替代who、which和whom,既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。
例:The boy that is playing basketball is my friend.正在打篮球的男孩是我的朋友。
5. when用于修饰时间,并且在从句中作状语。
例:I still remember the day when we first met.我依然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
6. where用于修饰地点,也在从句中作状语。
例:This is the school where I study.这是我就读的学校。
中考定语从句知识点总结

中考定语从句知识点总结一、定语从句的概念定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常用来说明这个名词或代词的特征、性质、身份、情况等。
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,也是中考语法中的重点内容之一。
二、定语从句的分类1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that 等。
例如:This is the book that I bought yesterday.(这就是我昨天买的书。
)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有:when, where, why 等。
例如:Do you still remember the day when we first met?(你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗?)三、定语从句的结构关系代词引导的定语从句结构为:关系代词+谓语+其他成分。
例如:The man who is talking with my father is a famous writer.(和我父亲在谈话的那个人是一位著名的作家。
)关系副词引导的定语从句结构为:关系副词+谓语+其他成分。
例如:This is the place where we used to play when we were children.(这就是我们小时候经常玩耍的地方。
)四、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词或代词定语从句常常用来修饰名词或代词,说明其特征、性质、身份等。
例如:The girl who wears a red dress is my sister.(穿红裙子的那个女孩是我姐姐。
)2. 引导并且限制先行词定语从句常常用来引导并且限制先行词的范围,使其具有特定的指代含义。
例如:I like the book that you lent me.(我喜欢你借给我的那本书。
)3. 用来说明特定情况定语从句还常常用来说明特定情况,以便更准确地描述或说明特定的情况。
例如:Do you know the reason why she left?(你知道她离开的原因吗?)五、定语从句的语法操练1. 先行词定语从句一般都有一个先行词,先行词前后所在的句子中都不可缺少,主要是为了给定语从句找到位置做准备。
初中·定语从句详细讲解

定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目,而且也是各种考试中考查的重点,要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法,并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断,准确解答相关试题。
知识详单何为定语从句:在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
关系词:在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。
先行词thing是物,且由最高级修饰,关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。
先行词为The story book,指物,关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。
故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词,表示人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系代词用who, 4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where [解析]选A。
中考定语从句知识点详细!

在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
【定语从句】一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人who whom whose物which which whose of which人、物that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year o f my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by em ail first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
九年级英语定语从句讲解

九年级英语定语从句讲解一、在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.二、被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.三、.在定语从句中代替先行词的词叫关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词在定语从句中做状语.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why;关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)1.where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句。
2.when引导定语从句表示时间四、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别:限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。
非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思依然清楚。
这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that引导。
五、.下面详细讲解各个关系代词的用法:1)由who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),代替表示人的先行词.例如:This is the man who helped me.Do you know the man who spoke just now?The boy who/whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.2)whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,代替表示人的先行词(口语中可以省略).The doctor(whom)you are looking for is in the room.The person(whom)you just talked to is Mr.Li.=The person to whom you just talked is Mr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略,也不能用that.)The babies whom the nurses are looking for are very healthy.(固定短语中的介词一般不省略,介词仍放在动词之后)3).whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,代替人或物的先行词.Do you know the woman whose name is Mary.Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.4).that引导的定语从句,代替表示人或物的先行词,that在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.1.The letter(that//which)I received was from my father.2.I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.3.Do you still remember the days(that//which)we spent together?4.This is the man that//who helped me.5.The house(that//which)we live in is not large.=The house in which we live is not large.6.The doctor(that//whom//who)you are looking for is in the room. 5).which引导的定语从句,which代替表示物的先行词,在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,先行词可以是词、短语、句子。
九年级英语定语从句详解

一。
关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语 Who which that主语 Whom which that宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose (=of which)例1:This is the detective who came from London.例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.限制性定语从句:关系代词的用法(1)如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none,few等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2)如果先等词被形容词最高级、序数词以及first, last,any, only, the same, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom.例如:Shanghai is the biggest city (that) I have ever seen. This is the only book (that) I want to borrow. It's the third time (that)I have been here. This is the same book that you bought yesterday.(3)先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词應该用that.例如:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中往往有逗号,不能用关系代词that,只能用which(物)或who(人),作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
初三定语从句讲解

初三定语从句讲解初三定语从句讲解根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
下面店铺为大家分享初三定语从句讲解,欢迎大家参考借鉴。
一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is asupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
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中考定语从句的讲解中考定语从句的讲解1、定语从句的概念:在复合句中,用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词之后,对先行词起修饰限定作用。
e.g. He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句2. 定语从句的引导词:定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who (whom, whose)和关系副词where, when, why两种,关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又在定语从句中充当一定成分。
3. 关系代词引导的定语从句:① 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词,关系代词应用who (whom, whose) 和that。
e.g. This is Xiao Wang who / that gave us a talk yesterday. (who / that在从句中作主语)这就是昨天给我们作报告的小王。
The man whom / that you saw last week has left the town. (whom / that在从句中作宾语)上周你看见的那个人已离开了城镇。
I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. (whose在从句中作定语)我认识的那个妇女,她的丈夫是个医生。
② 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词时,则用which或that。
e.g. Guilin is a city which / that has a history of 2000 years. (which / that在从句子中作主语)桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。
The mooncakes which / that mother cooked taste nice.(which / that在从句中作宾语)妈妈做的月饼很好吃。
4. 关系代词引导定语从句应该注意的几个方面:① 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。
e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.住在楼下的那个人说得很好。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.3年级的学生明天去爬山。
② 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,往往可以省略。
e.g. Mrs. Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.你昨天碰见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。
This is the book (which) you are looking for.这是那本你正在找的书。
There are some films (that) I’d like to see. 有几部电影我想去看。
③ 口语中作为宾语的关系代词whom也可用who,且也可以省略。
e.g. The man (whom / who) you were talking about has come to our school.你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经来到我们学校。
④ 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时,介词可以放在whom, which 之前(不可放在that之前)Page 3e.g. The man (whom) I borrowed the book from is Li Lei.→ The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei.我借书的那个人是李雷。
The house (which) he lives in is quite large.→ The house in which he lives is quite large.他住的房子很大。
应注意,如果介词位于关系代词之前,关系代词不可省略,另外,若定语从句中谓语动词是固定搭配的词组,则其后的介词或副词不可前移至关系代词之前。
e.g. The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk. 你在的那本词典在桌子上。
The sick man whom she is taking care of is her farther. 她在照顾的病人是她父亲。
5. 关系代词只能用that的几种情况:(只作了解)① 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, none, the one (something除外) 等不定代词时。
e.g. I had to remember everything that the teacher taught me. 我必须记住老师教给我的一切知识。
② 先行词被序数词或the last修饰时。
e.g. He was the first student that got to school today. 他是今天第一个到学校的学生。
③ 先行词是或被all, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时。
e.g. I have done all that he told us to do. 我已完成了他让我做的一切。
④ 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
e.g. He worked out the most difficult problem that I had seen. 他解答出我所见过最难的题目。
⑤ 先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰时。
e.g. I need the same dictionary that you have. 我需要同你一样的字典。
⑥ 先行词是两个或多个分别表示人和物的名词时e.g. He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard.他给我们讲了许多我们从来没有听说过的有趣的人和事。
⑦ 主句是以who, which引导的特殊疑问句时e.g. Who is the man that you spoke to just now? 你刚才跟他说话的那个人是谁?6. 定语从句可以简化成短语。
① 定语从句为被动结构,可用过去分词短语简化。
e.g. I bough t a book that was written by Lu Xun. → I bought a book written by Lu Xun.我买了一本鲁迅写的书。
② 若为主动结构,且为进行时态或从句表示经常性的动作和状态时,可用现在分词短语简化。
e.g. Tell the children who are playing there not to do that. → Tell the children playing there not to do that.The house that s tands at the corner was built in 1987. → The house standing at the corner was built in 1987.③ 当从句中的谓语动词表示一个将要发生的.动作或具有某种情态意义时,可简化为动词不定式。
e.g. We have nothing that we should fear. → We have nothing to fear. 我们没有事情可以害怕。
④ 当从句的谓语动词后是介词短语时,可简化为介词短语作定语。
e.g. The book that is on the table is expensive. → The book on the table is expensive.7.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。
如:This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。
) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
)[注意]一、定语从句是复合句的重要组成部分。
在定语从句中不管出现什么情况,主句的结构必须完整。
试比较:1. Is this farm ________ they visited the day before yesterday?2. Is this the farm ________ they visited the day beforeyesterday?A. whichB. the oneC. whereD. what简析:第1题中主句缺少表语,只有B项才能保持主句的完整性。
故选B。
第2 题的主句本身已完整,应填关系代词作定语从句中及物动词visit 的宾语。
所以,正确答案是A。
二、在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分,因此,定语从句中不能再出现与关系代词或关系副词相重叠的成分。
例如:改错: Do you remember the book that I lent it to you last week?简析:该题中的that 指代先行词book,在定语从句中充当了动词 lend 的逻辑宾语,故 it 应该删除。
三、解题时,首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知,确定定语从句的位置;根据定语从句中所缺少的句子成分,分析先行词逻辑上在定语从句中的成分,继而选出正确的选项。
例如:Can you tell me the name of the factory ________ you visited last week?A. whatB. whereC. /D. when简析:本题定语从句的主语、谓语、时间状语已具备,而visit 是个及物动词,从语义上分析,factory 作visit 的宾语。
故只能选C (引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略)。
四、解答"介词+关系代词"类型的定语从句题时,关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词(该动词是不及物动词)习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。
这就需要们在平时时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形,并要灵活运用。
例如:In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助)"。