语法填空之词类转换II 形容词和副词

语法填空之词类转换—形容词、副词【考点】形容词作定语，形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级，词义比较等。

1、形容词与副词的相互转换例1：…we drank together and talked (merry) till far into the night.例2：He was very (happily) about his purchase and the price was reasonable.2．形容词、副词的比较级或最高级例3：…one of the (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.例4：Factories and business lose millions of dollars every year because of smokers. Smokers have (high) medical bills.3. 加前缀或后缀转变词性或词义例5：With the problem solved, I felt proud of my achievement. (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left to complete.例6：…I don’t know if he planted the poem next to the failing grade to (soft) the blow, but it worked.4、以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的用法例7：Each day we were late for school, and I remember the teacher got very . (annoy)例8：Games are often (excite) and dramatic, but they generally aren’t very intellectual.例9：Tim drove very carefully, but John drove more carefully than Tim did.形容词和副词填空的3种提分技法：技法1：词性转换类：“两种方法”定词性1.句子成分：看到空格词作定语、表语、主语或宾语补足语，要想到用形容词；看到空格词在句中作状语，要想到用副词。

2.修饰语：看到空格词修饰名词，要想到用形容词；看到空格词修饰动词、形容词或整个句子在句中作状语，要想到用副词。

技法2：比较等级类：“比较范围”辨等级括号类所给词若是形容词或者副词，而空格处刚好缺少形容词或副词，则要考虑比较等级。

如果是两者之间的比较，则用比较级；如果是三者或三者以上的比较，则用最高级。

技法3：前缀后缀类：“逻辑意义”理通顺1. 有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀，其逻辑意义才通顺；2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。

形容词、副词类语法填空考点讲解：一．形容词、副词常考点1. 形容词、副词在句中各自作的不同成分。

(注意fortunately, luckily,honestly, actually, personally等评注性状语往往修饰整个句子，放于句首)2.辨别省略了than...的隐性比较级。

比较级前常用修饰语（much, far, still,even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot）3.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义4. 在给出的形容词或者副词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。

二．词性转换（加后缀，改变词性）1.形容词变副词的后缀(1) adj.+ -ly fortunate—fortunately幸运地 general—generally 一般来讲loud—loudly particular 特殊的，独特的—particularlypolite—politely proper 合适的，恰当的---properly(2) 以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-ycomfortable---comfortably gentle—gently possible---possiblysimple ----simply 仅仅；只；简单地 terrible---terribly(3) 辅音字母+ y 变 y为i 再加lyeasy—easily heavy—heavily happy--happily angry—angrily,lucky—luckily, noisy—noisily2.动词名词变形容词的后缀名词+able adjustable 可调整 knowledge---knowledgeable comfort---comfortable suit 一套-----suitable 合适的 value—valuable有价值的--al music---musical nature---natural 自然的 person---personal私人的nation—national 国家的 education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional 传统的 origin起源---original 新颖的；独创的名词+ ful/less 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词meaning—meaningful 有意义的 care—careful/ careless 小心的；粗心help---helpful / helpless home—homeless 无家可归的use---useless/ useful thank—thankful 充满感激的名词+d talent-----talented 有天赋的organized 有组织的offended 生气的crowded 拥挤的 polluted 被污染的 pleased 高兴的名词+ ous danger—dangerous mystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的humor—humorous caution—cautious poison--poisonous名词+y (尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)anger 生气-----angry hunger---hungry guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的health---healthy luck---lucky cloud---cloudywind—windy rain---rainy snow---snowy sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的salt 盐--- salty 咸的 silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写辅音字母再加"-y".sun—sunny, fun—funny, fog—foggy有雾的 fur—furry毛皮的2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加"-y".noise—noisy, ice—icy, shine—shiny(发亮的), taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)名词+ish(有点…的特征) fool--foolish self--selfish child--childish--ive imagine—imaginative effect—effective defend—defensiveaddict—addictive create—creative attract--attractive--some troublesome tiresome wearisome方位的词表达? 名词+ernEast—eastern West—western South—southern North---northern三．表否定的前缀、后缀（只改变词义，不改变词性）il-,im-,in-,ir- 否定 impossible不可能的impolite impatientinvisible 不可见 incorrect 不正确的 inactive不积极的irrational不合理的 irregular不稳定的illiterate(不识字的) illogical不合理的un- 否定 unstable不稳定的 unknown未知的 unusual不同寻常的unfortunately unnecessary unimportant unfamiliarnon- 否定 nonsmoker不抽烟的人 nonexistent不存在的mis- 错，坏 mistake错误 misspell拼错 misjudge误判 mislead 误导dis- 否定，相反 dislike不喜欢 disappear消失 dishonest不诚实disadvantage 不利条件 disagree 不同意ab- 脱离 abnormal不正常的-less careless hopeless countless endless helpless homeless四．比较等级+比较级…,the+比较级…“越….就越…..”. It is believed that the harder you work, the better result you will get.2. the +比较级+of the two+名词“表示两个中较….的”. Who is the younger of the two boys?3.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级. Your story is wonderful; I’ve never heard a better one before.Nothing is easier than this.（这是世界上最容易的事情）I have never seen such a better picture.（我从没看过比这更好的图片）4. “the+形容词或副词的最高级+比较范围”表示在某个范围内“最….”. She is the most active student in our class.5. 可以用来修饰比较级的词和短语有 much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bita lot, a great deal及数字、倍数等，常放在比较级的前面。

巩固练习：1.The old man came to our restaurant so_____ (frequent) that all of us were familiar with him.2.Who is the author of that novel? I’ve never read a ________(much) stirring story.3.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt_____________ (please), because there aremany empty seats in the room.4.Work gets done_________(easy) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.5.Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes_____________(possible), to get rid of.6.We used to write each other________(regular), but I haven’t heard from him since last year.7.As everybody knows, the ________（lazy）a person is, the more things he needs to dotomorrow.8.Young people go to college with the expectation that________(good) educated people gethigher pay.9.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be________(sweet)．10.If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might havemade it a little______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.11.He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the cropdid ＂grow＂ ________(high)．12.They gave money to the old people’s home either________(personal) or through theircompanies.13.Andy is content with the toy. It is__________ (good) than he has ever get.14.With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) ___________(efficiency ) way of reaching target customers.15.This is by far_____________(inspire) movie that I have ever seen.16.Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _______（sharp）, “Don’t beso mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.17.If we leave right away, ___________ (hope) we will arrive on time.。