高三英语一轮复习3500高频词汇讲解19+讲义

高考3500高频词汇讲解19
1. remind v.
一、变形：reminds, reminded, reminded, reminding
二、词义：
1)使记起; 使想起~ sb (about/of sth)
e.g. So she simply welcomed Tim and reminded him of the last time they had
met.
因此她只是欢迎了蒂姆，让他想起他们上次的相遇。

2)提醒remind sb. to do sth.
e.g. Can you remind me to buy a bottle of wine?
你能提醒我买一瓶葡萄酒吗？
三、派生词
adj. remindful 提醒的；留意的
n. reminder 暗示；提醒的人/物；催单
2. reduce v.
一、变形：reduces, reduced, reduced, reducing
二、词义：
1)减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等）
e.g. Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year.
过去一年，成本支出已经减少了20%。

2)使变稠; 收汁
e.g. Boil the liquid in a small saucepan to reduce it by hal
f.
在小炖锅中煮沸汤汁使其收到一半的量。

3)使陷入be reduced to
e.g. They were reduced to extreme poverty.
他们沦落到极度贫困的地步。

三、派生词
adj.
reduced 减少的；[数] 简化的；缩减的
reductive 还原的；减少的
reducible [数] 可约的，可化简的；可还原的；可缩小的
n.
reduction 减少；下降；缩小
reducer [助剂] 还原剂；减径管
3. fasten v.
一、变形：fastens, fastened, fastened, fastening
二、词义：
1)扣紧; 系牢
e.g. She got quickly into her Mini and fastened the seat-belt.
她迅速钻进她的迷你车并系好安全带。

2)把…系在
e.g. There were no instructions on how to fasten the carrying strap to the box.
没有如何把背带系在箱子上的说明。

三、派生词
adj. fast 快速的，迅速的；紧的，稳固的
n. fastness 牢固；要塞；
4. design v.
一、变形：designs, designed, designed, designing
二、词义：
1)设计
e.g. They wanted to design a machine that was both attractive and practical.
他们想设计一台既美观又实用的机器。

2)策划
e.g. We may be able to design a course to suit your particular needs.
我们也许能策划一个课程来满足你的特定需求。

三、词组
1)be designed to do sth.
e.g. This project is designed to help homeless people.
这个项目旨在帮助无家可归的人。

四、派生词
adj.
designer 由设计师专门设计的；享有盛名的；赶时髦的
designed 有计划的，原意的；故意的
designing 狡猾的
adv. designedly 有计划地；故意地
5. expect v.
一、变形：expects, expected, expected, expecting
二、词义：
1)期待
e.g. I do expect to have some time to myself in the evenings.
我真期待晚上能有点儿自己的时间。

2)预料
e.g. Many people were expecting (that) the peace talks would break down.
许多人预料和平谈判会破裂。

3)猜想；认为
e.g. ‘Who's eaten all the cake?’
‘Tom, I expect/I expect it was Tom.’
“谁把蛋糕都吃光了？”
“我想是汤姆吧。

”
三、派生词
adj.
expectant 期待的；怀孕的；预期中的
expectable 能预期的；意料中的
adv. expectantly 期望地，期待地
n. expectation 期待；预期；指望
6. press v.
一、变形：presses, pressed, pressed, pressing
二、词义：
1)推; 挤
e.g. He pressed his back against the door.
他将背顶在了门上。

2)按压
e.g. Drago pressed a button and the door closed.
德拉戈按了一个按钮，门关上了。

3)用力按; 用力踩
e.g. The engine stalled. He pressed the accelerator hard.
引擎熄火了。

他猛踩油门。

4)竭力争取
e.g. Police might now press for changes in the law.
警方现在可能会竭力争取法律的修改。

5)极力劝说
e.g. Trade unions are pressing him to stand firm.
各工会在极力劝说他坚持立场。

三、词组
press conference 记者招待会，新闻发布会
四、派生词
adj.
pressing 紧迫的；迫切的；恳切的
pressurized 加压的；受压的
7. tear v./n.
一、变形：tears, tore ,torn, tearing
二、词义：
1)撕裂
e.g. I tore my jeans on the fence.
我的牛仔裤被篱笆挂破了。

2)(使)(肌肉、韧带)拉伤，撕裂
e.g. He tore a muscle in his right thigh...
他右大腿的一块肌肉拉伤了。

3)(常指失控或危险地)奔，冲，闯
e.g. The door flew open and Miranda tore into the room...
门猛地开了，米兰达闯进房间。

n. 眼泪复数：tears
e.g. Their story will move you to tears(= make you cry) .
他们的故事会使你感动得落泪。

e.g. The memory brought a tear to her eye(= made her cry) .
她想起这事便热泪盈眶。

三、辨析
rip, tear, split都有“撕裂、扯破”的意思，其区别是：
rip：侧重指用力把布料等物撕开，也可指用粗暴手段把某物撕裂。

tear：最普通用词，指有意或无意地把布或纸等没接缝的材料撕开。

可作引申用。

split：非正式用词，指有力的切断、劈开或撕裂的动作
四、派生词
adj.
tearing 撕裂的；痛苦的；猛烈的
tearless 不流泪的；无泪的；没有感情的。