中国农业科学院农业经济研究所复试英语口语真题
中国农业科学院农业经济研究所复试英
语口语真题
考研英语的复试口语环节一般都会被老师提到一些各种各样的问题，如何及时的应对不至于给老师留下坏的印象这除了要有良好的口语基础外还要提前进行口语考试的准备，今天凯程考研老师就来为大家总结了中国农业科学院的一些考研英语考试口语问题真题，其他学校和专业的考生也可以当做参考，希望对大家的准备复习有所帮助。
1.What is you name?
2.Where are you from?
3.Please introduce youself.
4.Where did you graduate from?
5.Talk about the effects of farm tax policies.
6.Talk about the role of tariff in international trade.
7.Do you have any plans for you study?
8.Why do you choose to study in caas?
9.Which area are you most interested in?
10.What do you hope to accomplish in terms of scientific research here?
11.Talk about the burdensome problems of farmers.
12.How to promote the competitiveness of agricultural products?
一、考研英语考什么
在备考之前，先要了解一下考研英语都考哪些题型，因为有同学之前问听力怎么复习、口语如何提高之类，了解只清楚之后才不至于南辕北辙走冤枉路。
考研英语考五大题型：阅读、写作、翻译、新题型、完形填空。
阅读是占的分值比例最大的模块，2/5的比例，每个小题2分，每篇文章设有5个题目，共有4篇文章；写作中大作文英语一是图画作文，一般围绕社会现象，20分，英语二是图表作文，15分，小作文均为10分；翻译英语一是从一篇文章里划出5句话让翻译，10分，英语二是段落翻译，15分；新题型英语一为七选五、小标题、排序题，英语二为多项对应（连线题）、小标题、正误判断，都为10分；完形填空每个0.5分，20个小题。
二、阶段备考安排
考研过程一般分为基础、强化、冲刺。
在寒假阶段，建议大家着手准备单词，基础不错的可以自己准备，基础不好的，可以报个词汇班，比如刘一男的课程，比较生动有趣，结合词根词缀方便大家记忆，书的话推荐大家刘一男的《考研词汇速记指南》和何凯文的《1575必考词汇突破全书》。
基础阶段（3-6月），集中学习单词、长难句，以及各个题型要夯实基础。
强化阶段（7-10月），进行强化课程学习，在10月份会有考研报名，并要准备专业课。
冲刺阶段（11-12月），抓重点，比如重点突破阅读，以及写作课程的学习及练习。
三、考研过程心理因素
考研成功难又不难，一旦大家开始准备就要全力以赴。
自制力差的学生可以找几个研友，互相激励，因为坚持下来也确实不容易，也看个人习惯，有的同学可能一个人学习更有效率；在这个过程中更主要的还有大家坚持的信念，坚持完成一件事情本身就是成功。
在三百多天的日子里，老师会一直陪伴着大家，里边的每条微博、微信、咨询都是温暖大家并激励大家前行的动力。
奔跑吧，2016的考生们！
虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。
一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。
总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。
综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2016考研有个好成绩。
凯程教育：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；
凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；
信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；
使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构；
激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；
敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；
服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。
如何选择考研辅导班：
在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。
师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。
判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。
还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。
凯程考研名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。
而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。
对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。
在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。
在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。
对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢
老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。
最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。
建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。
例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。
有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。
凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。
此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。
小提示：目前本科生就业市场竞争激烈，就业主体是研究生，在如今考研竞争日渐激烈的情况下，我们想要不在考研大军中变成分母，我们需要：早开始+好计划+正确的复习思路+好的辅导班（如果经济条件允许的情况下）。
2017考研开始准备复习啦，早起的鸟儿有虫吃，一分耕耘一分收获。
加油！。
农业考研英语试题及答案
农业考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AIn recent years, the agricultural sector has been facing a variety of challenges, including climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity. To address these issues, researchers are exploring innovative solutions.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The agricultural sector is facing no challenges.B) Researchers are not looking for solutions.C) The agricultural sector is facing challenges and researchers are seeking solutions.D) Climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity are not challenges.2. What does the passage suggest about the agricultural sector?A) It is not affected by environmental issues.B) It is thriving without any problems.C) It is experiencing difficulties due to environmental factors.D) It is ignoring the need for sustainable practices.BThe use of genetically modified (GM) crops has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that GM crops can increase yields and reduce the need for pesticides, while others are concerned about potential health and environmental risks.3. What is the debate about GM crops?A) Whether they can increase yields.B) Whether they are safe for consumption.C) Whether they pose health and environmental risks.D) Whether they are the only solution to agricultural challenges.4. What is not mentioned as a reason for the debate on GM crops?A) The potential for increased yields.B) The potential reduction in pesticide use.C) The potential for health risks.D) The potential for increased agricultural diversity.二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
农学概论复试面试题目(3篇)
第1篇一、基础知识部分1. 题目：请简述农学的定义及其在现代农业发展中的作用。
解答要点：- 农学是研究农业生物及其与环境之间相互作用的科学，旨在提高农业生产效率和农产品质量。
- 农学在现代农业发展中具有重要作用，包括提高作物产量、改善农产品品质、保护生态环境、促进农业可持续发展等。
2. 题目：解释农业生态系统及其主要组成部分。
解答要点：- 农业生态系统是指由农业生物（植物、动物、微生物）、环境因素（土壤、气候、水等）以及人类活动组成的复杂系统。
- 主要组成部分包括：生产者（植物）、消费者（动物）、分解者（微生物）、非生物环境（土壤、气候、水等）。
3. 题目：什么是农业可持续发展？请列举三个实现农业可持续发展的措施。
解答要点：- 农业可持续发展是指在满足当代人类需求的同时，不损害后代满足其需求的能力。
- 实现农业可持续发展的措施包括：合理利用土地资源、推广节水灌溉技术、发展有机农业、提高农产品质量安全等。
二、作物生产与栽培部分4. 题目：简述作物生长发育的基本过程。
解答要点：- 作物生长发育包括种子萌发、幼苗生长、营养生长期、生殖生长期和成熟收获等阶段。
- 每个阶段都有其特定的生理特征和栽培管理措施。
5. 题目：请解释作物水分管理的重要性及其在农业生产中的应用。
解答要点：- 水分管理对作物生长发育至关重要，直接影响到作物的产量和品质。
- 在农业生产中，水分管理包括灌溉、排水、节水灌溉等。
6. 题目：什么是作物施肥？请列举几种主要肥料类型及其作用。
解答要点：- 作物施肥是指向土壤中添加植物生长所需的营养元素，以满足作物生长需求。
- 主要肥料类型包括：氮肥、磷肥、钾肥、复合肥等，分别提供氮、磷、钾等营养元素。
三、植物保护与病虫害防治部分7. 题目：请解释病虫害对农业生产的影响及其防治方法。
解答要点：- 病虫害会严重影响作物产量和品质，导致经济损失。
- 防治方法包括：农业防治、生物防治、物理防治、化学防治等。
中国农科院复试英语口语试题
中国农业科学院畜牧所复试英语口语试题
英文提问
1.Where are you from?
2.Please introduce youself.
3.Why do you like this major?
4.Why do you choose Mr……as tiy tutor?
5.How much do you know about you tutor''s research work?
4.Why do you want to continue study instead of looking for a job?
5.What causes the high occurrence of pest problems in the greenhouse?
6.Women doctors can''t take good care of their family and their job at the same time.What is your opinion?
7.What is you future plan?
8.Do you know any method used for begetable breeding?
中国农科院农业经济研究所复试英语口语题
1.What is you name?
2.Where are you from?
3.Please introduce youself.
11.As a student specializing in stock， what do you think hinders the development of the animal husbandry?
英语农业科学英语50题
英语农业科学英语50题1. There are many kinds of ______ on the farm.A. animalsB. plantsC. fruitsD. vegetables答案：B。
本题考查农业相关的词汇。
选项A“animals”指动物；选项B“plants”指植物，农场里通常有多种植物；选项C“fruits”指水果；选项D“vegetables”指蔬菜。
在农场中，植物的种类更为广泛，所以选择B。
2. We get milk from ______.A. cowsB. pigsC. chickensD. ducks答案：A。
本题考查常见的产奶动物。
选项A“cows”是奶牛，能产奶；选项B“pigs”是猪；选项C“chickens”是鸡；选项D“ducks”是鸭。
奶牛是产奶的主要动物，故选A。
3. The ______ grow well in the field.A. riceB. applesC. sheepD. trees答案：A。
本题考查农作物的生长地点。
选项A“rice”水稻，生长在田里；选项B“apples”苹果，长在树上；选项C“sheep”绵羊，不是植物；选项D“trees”树，不是农作物。
所以选A。
4. Farmers use ______ to water the crops.A. hammersB. shovelsC. hoesD. pumps答案：D。
本题考查农业工具的用途。
选项A“hammers”锤子；选项B“shovels”铲子；选项C“hoes”锄头；选项D“pumps”水泵，用于抽水浇庄稼。
故选D。
5. Which of the following is NOT a farm tool?A. ScytheB. TractorC. ComputerD. Plough答案：C。
本题考查农业工具的识别。
选项A“Scythe”镰刀；选项B“Tractor”拖拉机；选项C“Computer”电脑，不是农业工具；选项D“Plough”犁。
中国农业科学院考博英语真题2004答案解析
中国农业科学院考博英语真题2004答案解析PartⅡVocabulary1.A 译文：他在这个领域的成就的功劳必须归于他的导师方教授解析：credit荣誉，功劳；reputation名誉，声望；respect尊敬；praise赞美。
2.D 译文：由于我们无法再等我们定的货，所以不得不取消订单。
解析：postpone推迟；refuse拒绝；accept接受；cancel取消。
3.C 译文：年轻人中存在着很高的工作流动性，因为他们今天辞掉这个工作明天就会找一个新的。
解析：固定搭配，quit work 辞职，停止工作；depart离开，出发；reject排斥；quit 辞职，放弃；leave离开。
4.C 译文：由于天气恶劣必须放弃寻找失踪的船。
解析：release 释放，发射；resign辞职；abandon 放弃，断念；surrender使投降。
5.B 译文：人们开的车可能是为了显示他的身份或社会地位。
解析：curiosity好奇心；status身份，地位；importance重要性；reputation声望。
四个选项中与social position是一类词的只有B。
6.A 译文：创造力是指利用现存的资源产生独创与有益的方案、思想和产品。
解析：creativity 创造力；productivity 生产力；application应用；combination组合。
7.D 译文：有时艺术家发现让他们的作品赢得大众的欣赏很难。
解析：popular appetite 大众口味，在题目中指的事“赢得大众的喜爱”。
Welcome欢迎；applause喝彩；appetite爱好，喜爱，胃口；appreciation欣赏，感谢。
8.A 译文：面临着项目的失败，投资商将忍受着高达三千万的损失。
解析：in the face of面对……；in time of……时期；in the event of如果……发生；in the course of在……期间。
复试题目(中科院英语口语复试)
复试题目(中科院英语口语复试)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN中科院英语口语复试分为两部分，有两名教师参加口试工作，一名教师主持口试，随时与考生交谈并评分；另一名教师专事评分，不参与交谈。
两名口试教师所给的分数各占口试成绩的50%。
第一部分:考查学生理解并回答有关日常生活、家庭、工作、学习等问题的能力（3分钟）。
第二部分:考查学生连续表达的能力。
考生从所给你的问题中选择一个话题，就此话题表达自己的看法（3分钟）。
口试用材料（部分,仅供参考）part ainterlocutor(问话者):------good morning. my name is ……,and this is my colleague…..he is just going to listening to us .are your name is…..------first of all, we’d like to know sth. about you, so i’m going to ask some questions about yourself.(从以下各项问题中选择几个适当的问题提问考生)------hometownwhere are you from?how long have you lived there?how do you like it whydo you live near here where aboutwhat do you think are the good points about living in this city?------familycould you tell us sth. about you family?what does your family usually do for the weekend?what do you think about living together with your parents?------leisuredo you have any hobbies?how did you become interested in the hobbies?------study/workwhy do you choose to study at our institute?why do you want to go to graduate school instead of finding a job?what are your favorite subjects?what kind of job did you do?have you ever worked during the vacation?why do you want to go back to study instead of going on with your work?what qualifications are needed in order to do your job well?what did you enjoy most about your campus life?------future planswhat do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute?do you think english is important for your future plans in what aspects is it importantpart binterlocutor(问话者):------now i’d like you to talk about sth. for about 3 minutes.here is a list of topics(将一组话题或问题递给学生)，pls read the topics and choose one from the list you like to talk about. you’ll have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk.(5 分钟后)could you tell me what youwant to talk about all right, you’ll have 3 minutes to give your talk. would you begin(the interloculor may intervene only when necessary)topics/questions(只列举了一部分话题)------give your comment on the statement that “a part-time job is an important experience that every college student should have.”------use specific examples to set forth your views on the saying “haste makes waste”.------describe one of your own experiences to demonstrate that “nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced”------explain your understanding of the conventional belief that “age brings wisdom”------what are the current problems of college education how to resolve them------some people say there is no absolute truth because “truth” is defined by people and there is no objectivity whenever people are involved. does absolute truth exist or not why只好说"could you speak slowly "or"sorry,i didn`t prepare for this question"相信英语口语菜的人大有人在，豁出去了保持微笑:I am sorry! I beg your pardonI don't understand your question,Could you repeat it againSorry, I don't know. (I am little acquainted with the aspect of special knowledge)But I wish I can have a chance to learn more deeply the knowledge under your direction.if luckily i got the chance to learn environment engineering in tongji university, i will concentrate on the study and reserch in this field. first i will hard to learn the theoritical knowledge, constucting a solid base for my future work; second i would like to do some practical work with the help of the supervisor ang classmate .and through this ,i can get something that cannot be acquired from the textooks. i believe after 2 years of learning ,my dream will finally come true..respected??Professors:Good afternoon! I'm great honored to meet you here. Now allow me to give a brief self-introduction:I'm *******，26 years old , born in ***** city ,HeNan Province.In year 1996,I entered ********University, majoring in Machincal Designing andProducing. During those 4 years' study,I worked hard and I was always active in various activities . I gained the first scholarship for four times and I joined the Communist Party at the college. After my graduation in June 2000,I worked in --------company. I got aposition in the Technology Department the first year and I was involved in several internet projects, such as the one for College student Recruitment in??Henan Province and the one for Computer Center in Mathmatics Department in Zhengzhou University. Owning to my hard work ,I was rewarded the Best Newcomer Prize in the year 2000. The next year, I was transferred into the Principal Customer Department, responsible for the Developing and strengthening a good relationship between the principal customers and my company .Two major customers, Henan Provincipal Department of Transportation and Henan Provincial Department of Personnel, are under my work.??However, with time going on ,the more I experienced, the clearer I realized that I'm really interested in the Enterprise Management .I find many enterprises have the problem of an unmatched management to its developing speed . I'm eager to learn more about management and I hope I can study further in this University. So I resigned in August , 2003 and started the way to pursuing my studies. After about half year's hard work, I'm finally standing beforeyou honorable professors now. I'm really excited . Though I've sacrificed much on my way to pusuing studies, I believe it's worthwhile. I believe working hard will finally berepaied .。
农业中心面试题目及答案(3篇)
第1篇一、面试题目1. 个人介绍请简要介绍您的教育背景、工作经历以及为什么选择加入农业中心。
2. 农业发展趋势分析请结合当前农业发展的背景，分析未来五年内我国农业发展的主要趋势。
3. 农业政策理解与应用请谈谈您对国家乡村振兴战略的理解，并举例说明如何在实际工作中应用这些政策。
4. 农业科技创新随着科技的发展，农业领域出现了许多新技术。
请谈谈您认为哪些农业新技术最具发展潜力，并说明理由。
5. 农业产业融合发展请分析农业产业融合发展的意义，并举例说明如何推动农业产业融合发展。
6. 农村环境保护请谈谈您对农村环境保护的认识，并探讨如何实现农业发展与环境保护的协调发展。
7. 农业品牌建设请谈谈您对农业品牌建设的理解，并探讨如何打造具有竞争力的农业品牌。
8. 农村电商发展请分析农村电商发展的现状和趋势，并探讨如何推动农村电商的健康发展。
9. 农业人才培养请谈谈您对农业人才培养的认识，并探讨如何培养更多优秀的农业人才。
10. 案例分析请阅读以下案例，并回答相关问题：案例一：某地政府为推动农业现代化，投入大量资金建设农业科技园区，但园区建成后却面临运营困难。
案例二：某农业企业为了提高产品质量，投入大量资金进行技术创新，但产品推广效果不佳。
二、面试答案1. 个人介绍（此处根据个人情况进行回答，以下为示例）尊敬的考官，您好！我叫[姓名]，毕业于[学校名称]，专业是[专业名称]。
在校期间，我积极参与各类农业实践活动，对农业领域产生了浓厚的兴趣。
毕业后，我在[公司名称]从事[岗位名称]工作，积累了丰富的农业实践经验。
我选择加入农业中心，是因为我希望在农业领域发挥自己的专业特长，为我国农业发展贡献力量。
2. 农业发展趋势分析（以下为示例）未来五年内，我国农业发展的主要趋势包括：一是农业供给侧结构性改革深入推进，农产品质量和效益显著提高；二是农业科技创新能力不断提升，农业机械化、智能化水平不断提高；三是农村产业融合发展，一二三产业深度融合，农业产业链条不断延伸；四是农村生态环境持续改善，农业可持续发展能力不断增强；五是农村改革不断深化，农村土地制度、金融制度等改革取得突破性进展。
中国农业科学院考博英语真题2021答案解析
中国农业科学院考博英语真题2021答案解析Part ⅠVocabulary Section A1.C 译文：经过数百年的自我实施专制后，中国已经在国际事务上占有一席之地，并进入了现代历史的浪潮。
解析：cooperation合作；monopoly垄断；dictatorship专政，专制；seclusion隐居。
2.C 译文：满族人已经和保证双方地位的贵族阶层形成了联盟。
贵族人与普通平民区分开来，并且他们被给予政府部门中的专有职位特权。
解析：inclusive包含的；special 专用的，专门的；exclusive独有的，专有的；especial特别的，尤其的。
3.C 译文：理论科学是在物质环境中产生的，而应用则是思想的强力驱动力。
照这样看，他便是一位伟大的思想传播者。
解析：encouragement 鼓舞；spur鼓舞，刺激；drive驱动，常用表达 a drive to sth；driving force驱动力，推动力，常用表达driving force for sth。
4.C 译文：他们用来建立维护追随者的方法与完成这样的活动的展望也成为了现今中国政治行为的重要来源。
解析：precedents 引用单元；pioneer 先锋；source来源；resource资源。
5.B 译文：在他身上，有一个交汇点，一个斗争的典型代表，因而他是一个真正的历史人物。
解析：representation表现；representative代表，典型；symbol象征，标志；sign符合，记号。
6.B 译文：社会稳定源于各种力量的微妙平衡。
在这种连续的平衡中，可变因素已经得到了暂时的平衡。
改变一个因素便会发生一系列改变和调整。
解析：saturation饱和；continuum连续体；continuation继续；melting point熔点。
acontinuum of 连续的。
7.B 译文：成功人士如何处理一种新文化取决于很多因素，如一个人的原始教育和即将修正的具体行为解析：固定搭配，be contingent on 取决于，依赖于。
农业工程面试题目及答案(3篇)
第1篇一、面试题目1. 请简要介绍您的教育背景和职业经历。
2. 您认为农业工程在现代农业发展中的作用是什么？3. 结合您所学的专业知识，谈谈您对现代农业发展趋势的理解。
4. 在农业工程中，如何实现资源的高效利用和环境保护？5. 您如何看待农业科技创新在农业工程中的应用？6. 在实际工作中，如何提高农业工程项目的经济效益和社会效益？7. 请举例说明农业工程项目中常见的技术难题及解决方法。
8. 如何平衡农业工程项目的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益？9. 在农业工程项目中，如何确保项目质量？10. 您认为农业工程人才应具备哪些素质？11. 请谈谈您对我国农业工程领域未来发展的看法。
12. 您在农业工程项目中遇到过哪些挑战，如何克服？13. 您认为农业工程在我国乡村振兴战略中的作用是什么？14. 如何加强农业工程领域的国际合作与交流？15. 在农业工程项目中，如何进行风险评估和防范？二、答案示例1. 我毕业于XX大学农业工程专业，在校期间系统学习了农业工程相关课程。
毕业后，我在一家农业工程设计研究院工作，从事农业工程项目规划、设计和管理等工作。
2. 农业工程在现代农业发展中具有重要作用。
它能够提高农业生产效率，优化农业资源配置，推动农业现代化进程，促进农业可持续发展。
3. 现代农业发展趋势主要体现在以下几个方面：一是农业机械化、智能化、信息化水平不断提高；二是农业产业链不断延伸，农产品附加值不断提升；三是农业生态环境不断改善，农业可持续发展能力增强。
4. 在农业工程中，实现资源的高效利用和环境保护的措施有：一是推广节水灌溉技术，提高水资源利用效率；二是发展生态农业，减少化肥、农药使用量；三是优化农业产业结构，提高土地产出率。
5. 农业科技创新在农业工程中的应用主要体现在以下几个方面：一是研发新型农业机械，提高农业生产效率；二是推广节水、节肥、节药等农业技术，降低农业生产成本；三是利用生物技术、信息技术等手段，提高农产品质量和产量。
中国农业科学院2005年博士研究生入学考试英语试题(附答案解析)
★绝密★中国农业科学院 2005年博士研究生入学考试英语试题(考试时间3小时满分100分)Ⅰ. Vocabulary Part A.Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The scene is so beautiful that it my power of description. A. transports B. transfersC. transcendsD. transforms2. The schoolmaster the girl’s bravery in his opening speech. A. applauded B. enhancedC. elevatedD. clapped3. The meaning of “yellow” is a color, but it can also mean “cowardly.” A. positive B. negativeC. underlyingD. literal4. Many people think that the standards of public have declined. A. morality B. rightness C . awareness D. mentality5. People were surprised to find that he had the ability to everything he was involved in.A. precedeB. dominateC. pervadeD. denominate6. The fact that they reacted so differently was a reflection of their different . A. performancesB. personalitiesC. qualitiesD. debut7. This medicine will the pain in the stomach.A. ascertainB. agitateC. alleviateD. allocate8. The apartment was as $50,000 and its owner decided to sell it. A. automated B. assessedC asserted D. avenged9. The minister all his officials pay the tax.A. bidsB. blessesC. barksD. baffles10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his can be distributed. A. paradoxesB. legaciesC. platitudesD. analogiesPart B.Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phraseunderlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is clo sest in meaning to the underlined part. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.11. Tourists flock from the remotest places to see the capital’s sights. A. invade B. troop C. p rompt D. gather12. He has told so many lies that we can no longer place any reliance on what he says. A. beliefB. trustC. convictionD. dependence.13. Oil can change a society more drastically than anyone could ever have imagined. A. grosslyB. severelyC. rapidlyD. radically14. In times of economic difficulty, governmental budgets for education are often slashed before any others.A. shiftedB. cutC. checkedD. donated15. Modern printing equipment quickly turns out duplicate copies of textual and pictorial matter.A. identicalB. doubleC. illustratedD. legible16. With her youngest child having left home, she felt a pressing need to fill her time. A. tenseB. thoroughC. urgentD. small17. The role of the performing artist is to interpret, not alter, the notes on a printed sheet of music.A. omitB. reproduceC. composeD. change.18. Aircraft and rocket can be used to collect radioactive debris, while high-altitude satellites carr y detectors for gamma rays and other emissions. A. diffusion B. remains C. glitter transfe r19. Although worn out by years of service to his country, Washington accepted the presidency of the United States.A. favoredB. honoredC. exhaustedD. weakened20. Between French friends, who have chosen each other for congeniality of their point of view, li vely disagreement and sharpness of arguments are the breath of life. A. coexistence B. coincide nce C. correlation D. compatibilityⅡ. ClozeDirections: Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET. We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. (21) evidence shows, for example, that people who lived o ver three thousand years ago ate (22) fish. Stealing salt was considered a major crime at cert ain times in history. In theeighteenth century, for instance, if a person was (23) “stealing salt”, he could be put in prison . History reveals that about ten thousand people were put in prison during that century (24) stealing salt.In the modern world salt has many uses (25) the dining table. It is used in making glass and ai rplane parts, in the (26) of crops and in killing weeds. It is also used to make water soft, to m elt ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to (27) colors in cloth.Salt can be obtained in various ways, besides being taken from mines underground. Evaporation o f salt water from the ocean or from salt water lakes or small seas is one of the (28) commo n processes for manufacturing salt. In Australia, it can even be taken from a “salt bush”. Yet, (29) it is obtained, salt will continue to play an important (30) in the lives of men and women everywhere.21. A. Ancient B. Historic C. Historical D. Old 22. A. salt B. salted C. saltingD. salty 23. A. arrested B. caught C. got D. seized 24. A. as B. byC. forD. through 25. A. besides B. beyond C. except D. over26. A. bearing B. developing C. growing D. training 27. A. fasten B. fix C. preserve D. tie 28. A. little B. many C. much D. more29. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever 30. A. duty B. functionC. responsibilityD. roleⅢ. Reading ComprehensionPart A.Directions: There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices m arked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage One(1) Poultry farmers need to adopt strict hygiene standards to curb Asia\'s deadly bird flu virus, a t op Vietnamese official said on the eve of an international conference Wednesday on fighting the disease.(2) A dozen Vietnamese have died of bird flu since Dec. 30, raising concerns that the disease could be re-emerging after an outbreak last year spread to 10 Asian countries, forcing the slaughter of more than 100 million birds.(3) “It\'s difficult to change their habit but we need to educate them," Bui Quang Anh, head of the Department for Animal Health, said Tuesday. "Once they understand and follow all the instructi ons, we can prevent the virus from spreading.”(4) Big commercial farms learned from the first outbreak and applied preventive measures, such a s strict hygiene standards and regular disinfection, Anh said. The most recent outbreak was only r eported in small farms, which failed to apply preventive measures, he said.(5) New regulations should include separating ducks from chickens, requiring ducks to be raised i n cages and improving hygiene measures, Anh said. Ducks should not roam freely in rice fields as they do now in the southern Mekong Delta, he added. (6) The conference will be looking at a vari ety of issues, including mass vaccinations, flu research, farm hygiene, animal husbandry practices and improving coordination between animal health and human health agencies.(7) The virus, which in the last year has killed 46 people — including 32 from Vietnam and 12 fro m Thailand — has yet to mutate into a form that can betransmitted between humans. But scientists say it may mutate to a human form that could beco me as deadly as the ones that killed millions during three influenza pandemics of the 20th centur y.31. The subject of the international conference mentioned in the first paragraph is aboutA. battling the SARSB. epidemic disease controlC. fighting the avian fluD. public health32. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? A. Bird flu was first found in Vietnam.B. Big commercial farms have taken preventive measures to curb bird flu.C. Bui Quang Anh believ es that it is impossible to prevent the bird flu.D. 1, 000 birds were killed during the last year outb reak of bird flu.33. According to the passage, which of the following measures are NOT effective in fighting agains t the bird flu?A. to adopt strict hygiene standards in poultry farms.B. to carry out regular disinfectionC. to raise ducks and chickens separatelyD. to stop poultry trade34. We can infer from the last paragraph thatA. currently the bird flu virus cannot be transmitted between humansB. the bird flu virus is easy t o mutate.C. the bird flu has killed millions of peopleD. the bird flu is more deadly than common influenza.35. The best title for the passage is . A. Bird Flu: A Deadly DiseaseB. What Can We Learn from the Bird FluC. Vietnam: the Biggest Victim of the Bird FluD. Official Urges Farmers to Curb Bird Flu Passage T(1) The sources of anti-Christian feeling were many and complex. On the more intangible side, th ere was a general pique against the unwanted intrusion of the Western countries; there was an u nderstandable tendency to seek an externalscapegoat for internal disorders only tangentially attributable to the West and perhaps most imp ortant, there was a virile tradition of ethnocentricism, vented long before against Indian Buddhis m, which since the seventeenth century, focused on Western Christianity. Accordingly, even befor e the missionary movement really got under way in the mid-nineteenth century, it was already at a disadvantage. After 1860, as missionary activity in the hinterland expanded, it quickly became a pparent that inaddition to the intangibles, numerous tangible grounds for Chinese hostility abounded. (2) In part , the very presence of the missionary evoked attack, they were, after all, the first foreigners to lea ve the treaty ports and venture into the interior, and for a long time they were virtually the only f oreigners whose quotidian labors carried them to the farthest reaches the Chinese empire. For m any of the indigenous population,therefore, the missionary stood as a uniquely visible symbol against which opposition to foreign i ntrusion could e vented. In part too, the missionary was attacked because the manner in which h e made his presence felt after 1860 seemed almost calculated to offend. By indignantly waging ba ttle against the notion that China was the sole fountainhead of civilization and, more particularly, by his assault on many facets of Chinese culture, the missionary directly undermined the cultural hegemony of the gentry class. Also, in countless ways, he posed a threat to the gentry’s traditiona l monopoly of social leadership. Missionaries, particularly Catholics, frequently, assumed the garb of the Confucian literati. They were the only persons at the local level, aside from the gentry who were permitted to communicate with the authorities as social equals, and they enjoyed an extrat erritorial status in the interior that gave them greater immunity to Chinese law than had ever bee n possessed by the gentry. (3) Although it was the avowed policy of the Chinese government after 1860 that the new treaties were to be strictly adhered to, in practice implementation depended on the wholehearted accord provincial authorities. There is abundant evidence that cooperation was dilatory. At the root of this lay the interactive nature of ruler and ruled.(4) In a severely understaffed bureaucracy that ruled as much by suasion as by might, the official, almost always a stranger in the locality of his service, depended on the active cooperation of the l ocal gentry class. Energetic attempts to implement treaty provisions concerning missionary activit ies, in direct defiance of gentry sentiment, ran the risk of alienating this class and destroying future effectiveness.36. In a vague way, anti-Christian feeling stemmed from .A. the mere presence of invadersB. a generalized unfocused feelingC. the introduction to the W estD. none of the above37. The author would agree that .A. many problems in China came from internal disorders due to Western influence.B. many probl ems in China came from China itself and were unrelated to the WestC. scapegoats perform a nec essary function and there should be more of themD. all of the above are true.38. With which of the following statements would the author agree? A. Ethnocentricism is a manl y tradition.B. The disdain toward Christianity was prefigured by a disdain toward Buddhism.C. Although Chri stianity was not well received in China, Buddhism was.D. The author would agree with A and C.39. Missionaries .A. often dressed the same way as Chinese scholars didB. were free of the legal constraints that bound the local indigenous populationC. had greater ac cess to authority than Chinese peasantsD. may be described by all of the above40. Provincial authorities .A. cooperated fully with the central government’s policyB. were alive to local feelingsC. were obliged to determine whether local sentiment tolerated implementationD. may be descri bed by B and C.Passage Three(1) The natural environment has, of course, always conditioned technology. For example, the nature of an environment (polar, desert, jungle) engenders thedevelopment of technologies appropriate to that environment to enable man to adapt successfull y to it. Further, emerging scarcity of some technological resource mayignite a research for, and gradual transition to, a new technology using resources present in the e nvironment in greater abundance, as, for example, in the case of the gradual change from wood-based to coal-based technology in England that began in Elizabeth times and stretched until the e nd of the eighteenth century.(2) In modern Western society, environment has begun to condition technology in new ways, although admittedly more indirectly. The safety and quality of the environment and public percep tions of it have begun to translate into presidential politics and congressional mandates to regulat ory agencies to protect or enhance environmental quality or safety, occasionally even at the cost of some perturbation of the tech-economic status-quo. In France, Italy, and recently the United St ates, political parties have been formed, organized around a complex of technology/ environment issues. In general, in the last fifteen years, the gradual development of broad-based environment al awareness, the lobbying and litigious activities of environmental interest groups, and guideline s issued and reinforced by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) in response to congression al mandates have markedly increased the heed paid to the environment by many corporations in going about their technology activities. Both research an development priorities and capital inves tment programs of the corporations have been affected by this.41. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Environment enables man to adapt successfully to new technology.B. Technologies enable ma n to adapt successfully to his environment.C. The development of the technologies depends solely on the natural environment.D. Lack of technologies to cope with the environment is caused by lack of natural resources.42. We can infer from the article that in the 1800s England was probably rich in . A. wood resou rces B. technological resources C. natural resources D. coal resource43. in modern Western society, the environmental problem has . A. received great attention fo rm the governmentsB. caused some serious disorders in technology and economy Affected modern technologies mor e directly than before.D. become more important but received less and less attention44. The underlined word “heed” in the last but one sentence of the passage means . A. lawsuitB. interestC. attentionD. expense45. What is the best topic for the passage? A. What can nature contribute to technology?B. Environment can sometimes block the progress of technology.C. Technologies of all kinds shou ld serve the natural environment.D. Environment deserves the most attention in the development of technology.Part BDirections: After you have read the following passage, write out a summary in English whit about 70 to 90 words. Put your summary on the ANSWER SHEET.What is Society?Society is a group of human beings, held together by agreement for reasons that are mutually be neficial to the individual members. Societies operate as a whole, as a collective body, chiefly in w ays that look out for the highest common good of all. Members have specific roles and responsibi lities within the society. One of the best direct analogies is with the human body itself. The cells a re all alive, independently, yet they group together and establish roles, responsibilities, and relati onships that allow a greater whole to exist that is more than just the sum of the parts. The cells g ain from the specific roles they play because they are allowed to be what they are more effectivel y. Further, they are given a limited awareness of the whole that their efforts aid in creating. Similarly, when individual human beings group together to form societies, anorganization is created in which the members are the cells. Subgroups of the members may form organs through which higher level functions can then manifest. If the relationships are loose, the body created has limited functionality over that of any individual member because there is little s ynergy. When the relationships are close and founded on a basis of love, the body thus created h as significant functionality over that of the individuals. When the group is small, few organs can b e created so there is limited complexity or functionality. When the group is large, many organs ca n be created, resulting in highly increased complexity and functionality.Countries, regions, states cities, and neighborhoods could all be considered to be societies as coul d teams, groups, and any other organizations of people. For our purposes here, the most importa nt society is The United States of America since it is the one established to set up the New Order f or the Ages, Novus Ordo Seclorum. Society is more than the government, however. It also includ es all the economic and social infrastructure necessary to provide people with what they need. Ⅳ. Translation1. Translate the following passage into Chinese.Water is a limited natural resource and a public good fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a life in human dignity. It is a prerequisite for the realiza tion of other human rights. The Committee has been confronted continually with the widespread denial of the right to water in developing as well as developed countries. Over I billion persons lac k access to a basic water supply, while several billion do not have access to adequate sanitation, which is theprimary cause of water contamination and diseases linked to water. The continuing contaminatio n, depletion and unequal distribution of water is exacerbating existing poverty. States have to ado pt effective measures to realize, without discrimination, the right to water.2. Translate the following passage into English.和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。