2020学年新教材高中英语UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionⅣListeningandTalking课件新人教版必修第二册
答案：1～5 BDFAG
(二)话题常用佳句填后背诵 1 ． The name United Kingdom _r_e_fe_r_s_t_o_ the union of _w_h_a_t__w_e_r_e _o_n_c_e__fo_u_r__s_ep_a_r_a_t_e_c_o_u_n__tr_i_e_s . 联合王国指的是曾经四个独立的国家的联合。 2．Since this profound cultural background, so the Dragon Boat Festival has now become _o_n_e__o_f_o_u_r_m__a_j_o_r_t_r_ad__it_io_n_a_l__ _C_h_i_n_e_s_e_f_e_st_i_va_l_s_. 因为这个深厚的文化底蕴，所以端午节现在已经成为我们中 华民族主要的传统节日之一。
完了，但是女售货员帮助男士订购，而且到货后还会通知男士。 由此可见，女士愿意帮忙且服务热情周到。故答案为 C 项。
[交际用语练能力] (一)根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳
选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 W：Good morning, Mr Black. M：Good morning. __1__ W：Thank you, Mr Black. My studies about Chinese tradition
are completed now, so I'll be returning to Singapore very soon. M ： Oh, that's a pity. __2__ But I understand that your motherland is Singapore and you must return home sooner or later. I hope you'll keep in touch with me and let me know how your research is going.
[典例] What can we say about the woman? A．She's generous. B．She's curious. C．She's helpful.
[听力原文] M：Hello! Do you have the best of Mozart?
W：Er ...Sorry. We've just sold out, but we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we'll call when the CD arrives. 此题考查谈话者的目的意图题，话题为购物。虽然 CD 卖
A．How about coming back to my office this Saturday? B．Take a seat, please. C．I have decided to return Singapore. D．I really wish you could continue your work here. E．What a pity! As a matter of fact, what I want to learn is
5．Many historical and cultural traditions have disappeared _d_u_e_t_o__la_c_k__o_f _p_r_o_te_c_t_io_n_. 许多历史文化传统由于缺乏保护消失了。
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking
课时专项技能强化 [听力技法微指导] 推断目的、意图的能力 目的、意图是我们做事的根据和理由，说话也是如 此。我们说的每一句话，都会有一个目的或意图，即使平时聊 天，至少也带有消磨时间的目的。在对话中，说话者有时不直 接陈述自己的意图，而是通过谈话中所提到的事实，客观地使 对方信服某种观点。与方式、心情、态度一样，说话者的目的、 意图也可从谈话的内容、语音、语调中体现出来。如 2018 年 全国卷Ⅰ第 2 题：
W：I'm sure I will. __3__ M：It's been my pleasure. By the way, what day are you
leaving? W：My departure's scheduled for next Monday. M：Oh, I see.__4__ I think I can find some materials for you. W：Oh, that's great! Sure, I'll be here. Thanks aபைடு நூலகம்lot. M：You are welcome. __5__ W：Good-bye, Mr Black.
3．As we all know, China is a country _w_i_th__a_l_o_n_g__h_is_t_o_r_y_a_n_d_ _cu__lt_u_r_a_l _tr_a_d_i_t_io_n_. 众所周知，中国是一个有悠久历史和文化传统的国家。
4．Some interesting customs have _su_r_v_i_v_e_d_f_r_o_m__a_n_c_ie_n_t__ti_m_e_s_. 一些有趣的风俗已经从古代保留了下来。
2020学年高中英语Unit4HistoryandTraditionsPeriodThree教案新人教版必修第二册
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures—Past participles(1) as the attribute and the object complement感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题1．Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”．2．They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currencyand military defence.3．They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system. 4．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is atrue feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. 5．Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.6．When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.1．句1和2中加黑词汇在句中作定语。
2020年新人教版《Unit 4 History and traditions》单元课件全套(优质课)
n．
个人
2．__k_i_n_g_d_o_m___ ['kI dəm] n． 王国；领域
3．__c_h_i_ef______ [tʃiːf] adj． n． 4．__n_e_a_rb__y____ [ nIə'baI] adj． adv．
最重要的；最高级别的 (公司或机构的)首领；酋长 附近的；邻近的 在附近
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Of the 5.__s_w_e_e_t_____ words you never would say Now， alas， must my fond hopes all vanish For they say you are going away From this valley they say you are going I will miss your bright eyes and sweet smile For they say you are taking the sunshine That has brightened our pathway awhile I will miss your bright eyes and sweet smile
听音填空
/ Red River Valley/
/ 红河谷 /
歌曲《红河谷》，曲调热切、饱满、优美、深情。这首已流传
了一个世纪的歌曲，是一首在加拿大广泛流传的民歌，在美国也
同样流行。
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
From this valley they say you are going I will miss your bright eyes and 1.__sw__e_e_t _s_m_i_le_ For they say you are taking the 2.__su_n__sh_i_n_e___ That has 3._b_r_i_g_h_te_n_e_d__ our pathway awhile Come and sit by my side， if you love me Do not hasten to 4.__b_id________ me adieu Just remember the Red River Valley And the one who loved you so true I’ve been thinking a long time my darling
2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4HistoryandtraditionsListeni
Unit 4 History and traditionsUnit 4 Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking1、 Nelson Mandela is respected and admired around the world. And to South Africans he is a superstar. He is a hero who shocked the world by fighting for peace between races, despite the 27 years he spent in the prison of the South Africa.Mandela who won the nation's first all-race election after the fall of apartheid (种族隔离) in 1994, retired in 1999. But he remains as popular as ever. His popularity has inspired an entire national industry. His portrait (肖像) has appeared at many places, including on some goods. His face has appeared on a South African coin, and some business leaders hope to build a statue in this likeness. It would stand taller than New York's Statue of Liberty."His popularity is similar to that of John F. Kennedy in US or Winston Churchill in Britain, but few politicians in that times have achieved his level of admiration," said Tom Lodge, the Head of the political science department of the University of the Witwatersrand. "What a skilled performer Mandela has been throughout his political career! He's a very, very clever man."However, he is far from perfect. Most articles for his birthday, which appeared in every chief South African newspaper on the day, briefly mentioned that Mandela did have his shortcomings.Then they returned to their praise. "Through the ages, the human race has had its icons (偶像)-men and women who rose above ordinary people to inspire their generations,"The Guardian said. "In our generation, the gods presented us with Nelson Mandela."1. Mandela is a hero to South Africans because ________.A. he's as popular as Kennedy and ChurchillB. he spent 27 years in prisonC. he's a great fighter against the racialismD. he won the first all-race election2. What can we learn about Mandela?A. He is not so popular as before.B. His portrait has appeared on some goods.C. He is the greatest politician in history.D. He did not realize his own shortcomings.3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ________.A. Mandela is as great as a godB. we are proud to live in Mandela's timesC. Mandela often gave presents to othersD. we are proud to know Mandela4. Which can be the best title of the article?A. The Statue in South AfricaB. South Africa's White Racist RegimeC. Mandela, the Hero of South AfricansD. Mandela, Kennedy and Churchill2、Do you know an exciting computer game that is also educational? Malmo Software has four new games that will surprise you.Space PirateIt lets you go through the Galaxy (银河系）on your own starship. You will find interesting stars and learn science along the way.Crazy CookingIn Crazy Cooking, you can choose meat and vegetables, cook them in your video kitchen and ask your friends to eat with you. At the same time, you will learn math by working with lots of numbers and measurements (尺寸）.Time MachineIt lets you go back to any time in history to see what it was like. You can find out almost all things you want to know. You can meet George Washington or study a map with Columbus.Word SearchIt takes you on a trip through the English language — where it began, who started it, and why something is different now. On your trip, you will learn new words andspellings.Each of these new games comes on CD-ROM and costs only $ 15. 95. Or you can get all four games for only $ 50. These are the best new games! They will give you lots of fun，and you’ll learn many things from them. So don’t wait! Go to the shop now!1. According to the passage, what can you learn by playing Crazy Cooking?A. Science.B. Math.C. English.D. Geography.2. How much do you need to pay if you want to buy two games?A. $ 50.B. $ 31.9.C. $ 25.D. $ 15.95.3. Why did the author write the passage?A. To talk about computer games.B. To tell readers how CD-ROM games work.C. To ask readers to buy computer games.D. To help readers play computer games.4. The passage is probably from a .A. newspaperB. dictionaryC. storybookD. diary3、Power of WordsThe power of words is sometimes hard to understand. ① If you have goals and dreams in life, write them down and speak them out.As an ancient Jewish proverb says "Your tongue has the power of life and death." That means that your words have power to finally cause things to happen, even life or death. ② For example, an encouraging word to someone who is down can lift them up and help them make it through the day. Words can have a powerful effect on your subconscious (潜意识的) brain. And it will in turn affect your life greatly.Be very careful, because your words have destructive(破坏性的) power, too. You have probably heard of children being scolded by their parents and developing a bad self-image. Most kids have that experience. ③④ It's not your parents, your past relationships, your job, the economy, the weather, and argument or your age that is to blame. You and only you are responsible for every decision you make.We may all experience the power of words in our life, even when we were very young.⑤ Encouraging words from our teacher or parents when we fail in the exam can make us work harder at our lessons, while blame or scolding will make things worse.A.But an encouraging word can go quite a long way.B.Everything you do is based on the choices you make.C.You should try to be encouraged and think positively.D.Your words are likely to bring out something amazing.E.The familiar words can help us build up good relationships with others.F.We all need positive words especially when being in trouble or needing help.G.They say it is important to praise children 4 times for each negative word or scolding.4、 A young girl is smiling at me from a picture frame on my desk as I write this. She is my child I 1 sponsored from the Philippines. Even though I have never met her in person, she has found a 2 place in my heart. It doesn't 3 me much to help her, about a dollar aday, 4 , millions of people in this world live on less.The 5 that helping her gives me, however, is beyond 6 . It connects me to her, to life, 7 to love.I can still 8 the first time that I decided to help a child overseas. It was many years ago. I was only a teenager myself and had a little extra 9 each month. I didn't feel like 10 anything, though. We had 11 everything we had in a house fire a few years before. 12 that had taught me a lot. I had learned that I didn't need a lot of "stuff" to be 13 . I had also read a lot aboutthe 14 of children in poor countries around the world. It seemed like a far better thing then to give what I could to help them. With my Mom's loveand 15 , I soon found a few organizations like Children Internationalthat were 16 others around the world It felt so good being able to reach out and help another 17 . It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the compassion and 18 growing within me and beginning to change me.Empathy(同情) does change us. It helps us to 19 , to be kind, and to make this world a 20 place.1. A. even B. once C. still D. seldom2. A. special B. proper C. necessary D. possible3. A. matter B. waste C. cost D. save4. A.Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However5. A. wealth B. anxiety C. challenge D. joy6. A. imagination B. complaint C. price D. reach7. A. but B. and C. so D. or8. A. remember B. doubt C. admit D. realize9. A. money B. time C. energy D. labor10. A. doing B. buying C. facing D. missing11. A. stored B. found C. lost D. searched12. A. Putting aside B. Taking on C. Paying for D. Going through13. A. happy B. relaxed C. energetic D. positive14. A. education B. suffering C. tale D. anger15. A. courage B. belief C. support D. faith16. A. treating B. praising C. honoring D. serving17. A. in need B. in peace C. in fear D. in silence18. A. relief B. empathy C. ease D. guilty19. A. donate B. think C. love D. sponsor20. A. bigger B. safer C. smaller D. better答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：CBBC解析：1.C细节理解题。
2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 History and traditions Sectio
课时作业11Unit 4Section ⅢDiscovering Useful Structures Ⅰ.完成句子1．It is not healthy to eat canned_food (罐装食品)．2．The embarrassed_father (尴尬的父亲) stood there saying nothing.3．The problem mentioned_at_the_meeting (在会议上被提及的) needs considering.4．The information provided_by_his_friend (他朋友所提供的) is of great use.5．Don't leave_the_windows_broken like this all the time.不要让窗户像这样一直破着。
6．I had_my_bike_repaired yesterday.我昨天让人修了我的自行车。
7．Mary had_her_watch_stolen the other day.玛丽的手表在前几天被人偷了。
8．I raised my voice to make_myself_heard.我提高了嗓门儿以便让别人听到我的话。
9．When we got to school，we saw_the_door_locked.到学校时，我们看见门锁着。
10．The thief was brought in, with_his_hands_tied_behind_his_back.小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在背后。
Ⅱ.阅读理解AOttawa is the capital of Canada. It is the second largest city in Ontario and the fourth largest city in the country.The Centre Block is the main building on Parliament Hill (国会山). It is also the location of several ceremonial spaces, such as the Hall of Honor and the Memorial Chamber. The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916, and it is one of the most recognizable buildings in Canada.Downtown Ottawa is the commercial and economic centre of the city. Most of thebuildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa's high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core. The downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges.The National Gallery of Canada is one of Canada's premier art galleries. The Gallery has a large and varied collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture and photographs. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. At the very beginning, the purpose of the Rideau Canal was military, as it was intended to provide a secure supply and communication route between Montreal and the British naval base in Kingston. It remains in use today primarily for pleasure boating, with most of its original structures undamaged. The locks on the system open for navigation in midMay and close in midOctober.【语篇解读】文章描写了加拿大渥太华著名的几处地方，并分别对这几处地方进行了详细的说明。
2020学年新教材高中英语Unit4HistoryandtraditionsSectionⅤSummaryandWriting教学案新人教版必修第二册
Section ⅤSummary and Writing Ⅰ重点词汇1．philosophy n. 哲学→philosopher n. 哲学家2．individual adj. 单独的；个别的n. 个人→individually adv. 单独地；个别地3．king n. 国王→kingdom n. 王国；领域4．chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长→chiefs (pl.) (部落)首领；酋长5．join ... to ... 把……和……连接或联结起来→(同义词组)connect ... with ...6．break_away_(from_sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱→break sth. apart 把……折断或分开7．belong_to 属于……→owe to 归功于……→thanks to 多亏了……8．as_well_as 同(一样也)；和；还→as well 也9．defend v. 防御；保卫→defence n. 防御；保卫10．surround vt. 围绕；包围→surrounded by/with ... 被……包围11．evident adj. 清楚的；显然的→evidence n. 证据；证明12．locate v. 确定……的准确地点→be located at ... 位于……→location n. 地方；地点；位置13．keep_your_eyes_open_(for) 留心；留意→keep an eye on/upon ... 对……留意14．sure adj. 确信；有把握→ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保15．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→be eager for 渴望得到……→be eager to_do sth. 渴望做某事16．crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的→be crowded with ... 挤满……Ⅱ教材原句1．Finally, in the 20th century, the_southern_part_of_Ireland_broke_away_from_the_UK,_which resulted in the full name we have today.(P40)最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就产生了我们今天的全名。
2019_2020学年新教材高中英语UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionⅡListeningandSpeaking (1)
Section ⅡListening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language Pointspuzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑(教材P40)Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle．了解一点英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。
(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑be a puzzle to sb．对某人来说是个谜(2)puzzle about/over 苦苦思考(3)puzzled adj．困惑的，迷惑不解的puzzling adj．令人迷惑不解的①What puzzled me was how the accident could have happened．令我感到困惑的这个事故是怎么发生的。
②I’m in a puzzle as to how to get along with him．对如何和他相处使我感到困惑。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空①You must have been troubled by when to say “I love y ou” because it is one of the greatest puzzles(puzzle) in our life．②Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me．③These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem．④The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling maths problem．(puzzle)join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来(教材P40)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England．16世纪，附近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。
2020年新人教版《Unit 4 History and traditions》单元教案全套(附导学案)
《Unit 4 History and traditions》单元教案Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSListening and Speaking【教学目标】1. 掌握本课的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内听力训练，提高听力技巧，锻炼听力水平。
【教学重难点】1. 本课时的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内听力训练，提高听力技巧，锻炼听力水平。
【教学过程】Step 1 Lead inLook at the photo on Page 37, and then get the Ss to ask and answer the questions.1. What do you know about the buildings in the photo?2. What traditions of that city/country do you know about?3. Why is it important to protect historic buildings and cultural traditions?Then have some Ss share their views on the questions.Step 2 Share views on historic sites1. Before listening, get the Ss to look at some photos of Qufu in Activity 1 on Page 38. And ask “What can you say about these places?”Get the Ss to discuss in groups, and then ask several volunteers to share theirviews with the class.2. Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese student in Qufu, and then write down what they say about Confucius.Finally check the answers with the class.3. Listen again and decide whether these statements are true (T), false (F), or not mentioned (NM).(1) Listen and judge, and check the answers.1) Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.2) Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.3) As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.4) Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.(2) Then go through the question as bellow, and choose the right answer.·Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu?A. There are famous halls in his hometown.B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown.C. Both places have a famous person who was born there.D. His hometown doe sn’t allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings.4. Activity 4(1) At first, go through the Understand idioms with the Ss.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.(2) Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explaintheir meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.5. Discuss the questions in groups, and then get some Ss to share their answers.(1) What do you know about Confuciu s’ ideas on education? Think of two or three examples. What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy?(2) Think about a historic site that you have visited, and give an introduction to its history and importance.Step 3 Pronunciation1. Read thi s part of the poem “If-” written by British poet Rudyard Kipling.Notice the linking sounds. Then mark the linking sounds after the modelIf you can make one heap of all your winningsAnd risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,And lose, and start again at your beginningsAnd never breathe a word about your loss;If you can force your heart and nerve and sinewTo serve your turn long after they are gone,And so hold on when there is nothing in youExcept the Will which says to them: "Hold on!"2. Repeat the poem after the recording.Step 4 Homework课后练习Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSReading and Thinking【教学目标】1. 理解并熟练掌握本课的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内阅读，了解英国的历史，全面培养学生的阅读能力和技巧。
2019_2020学年新教材高中英语UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionⅣListeningandTalking
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for WritingⅠ品句填词1．They have announced(宣布，发布) that they will hold their wedding ceremony next week．2．The best approach(方法) to building up your body is to do exercise every day．3．On the way to school，Tom came across one of his classmates, and they greeted(问候) each other by saying “Good morning”．4．After being questioned by the police, she was released without charge(指控)．5．The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but (also) share a large number of social customs(风俗)．6．With a large family to feed, he has to work in the pub(酒吧) in his spare time．7．It is surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean(海洋)．8．They said goodbye to the villagers, with tears rolling(滚动) down their cheeks．9．Bill is a generous(慷慨的) person, who has given millions of dollars to help those people in the disasterhit area．10．A great number of fine poems were written by some famous poets(诗人)．Ⅱ选词填空break away from; belong to; as well as; keep your eyes open; in charge; add tomust_keep_your_eyes_open_if United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile．2．The doctor in_charge told us that our father was recovering from his illness day by day．3．Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to break_away_from all of my friends and never contact them．4．It is well known that China is rich in culture as_well_as natural resources．5．Chinese, Maths, English, Physics, Chemistry and Biology all belong_to the College Entrance Examination subjects．6．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The short film will surely add_to your further understanding of the development of our school．Ⅲ完成句子1．由于你的慷慨帮助，我相信我会更好地了解你的国家和文化。
2020学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 课时跟踪检测
课时跟踪检测（二） Reading and Thinking一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The UK's full and official name is “the United Kingdom (王国) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”．2．Last of all, the chief (最高级别的) editor read the article and approved it. 3．He asked a number of nearby (附近的) people for water.4．The Beatles were to leave Liverpool and conquer (征服) the world.5．Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle (战役；搏斗) to rid the world of hunger.6．It is a beautiful port (港口) city with a fascinating scene.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．The puzzled expression on his face showed that the question was puzzling. (puzzle) 2．There were a number of locations (locate) where the kings of Egypt built pyramids. 3．Looking back, Diana owes her achievements (achieve) to the goal she set, and above all, the efforts she made.4．Immigrants who entered the United States through the port of New York were _legally (legal) and medically inspected there.5．Our milk powder is especially suitable for children under 6, as it helps a lot to build the body's natural defence (defend)．6．Professor Li stood there, surrounded (surround) by many students.7．There's a fascinating (fascinate) drive marked out for tourists.8．What evidence (evident) was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out? Ⅲ.选词填空join ... to ...， belong to， break away from， as well as， result in， take over， date back to， keep one's eyes open1．As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, earthquakes often result_in many people being injured or killed.2．Some animals are put in danger when people take_over their habitats.3．My interest in stamp collecting dates_back_to my schooldays.4．If you keep_your_eyes_open,_you will make few mistakes.5．As_well_as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.6．Money is yours but resources (资源) belong_to the whole society.7．Facing up to your problems rather than breaking_away_from them is the best approach to working things out.8．After she gave birth, he and his family joined the others in White Bird Canyon to the south.Ⅳ.完成句子1．他想出的防止空气污染的方法非常好。
2020年新人教版《Unit 4 History and traditions》单元课件全套(公开课)
11.approach 12.amount 13.fascinating 14.individual 15.generous
[第三组]
A.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 B.方法；途径；接近 C.金额；数量 D.单独的；个别的 E.迷人的；极有吸引力的
[第四组] 16.mansion 17.cemetery 18.chief 19.belong 20.defence
A.national flag
√cation systems
C.currency
itary defence
4.Which group of people made changes to the legal system of the UK?
A.The Romans.
B.The Vikings.
Australia’s flag is the same color as the Union Jack—red，white and blue.The act of joining together is called a “Union”.The Union Jack was the name of the flag made when England，Scotland and Ireland joined together to make one country.It all began in 1707 when England and Scotland joined together to become one nation.A flag was made using two crosses—one for the patron saint(守护神) of each country.The word “patron” means protector. Many centuries before the English had taken St George as their patron saint，his emblem(标志) was a red cross on a white background.The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew.In memory of him，they used a white cross on a blue background.This cross was shaped like the letter “X”.The new flag was a mixture of both flags with two sets of crosses2.When Ireland joined England and Scotland in 1800，another cross was added.St Patrick’s cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an “X”.All three flags made up the Union Jack.