牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and Present》(Grammar)课件
Task3: Learn the rules
How to form the past participle of verbs?
While-task
Task1: Learn by yourselves
When do we use present perfect tense?
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.表示过去开始，现在还在继续的 动作。
Past
present
Task2: Group work
Discuss: What's the basic structure of PPT?
have / has + (not) （助动词） past participle (过去分词)
Subject (主语)
I/You/We/They
He/She/It
Most verbs Verbs ending in e Verbs ending in a consonant + y Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant + ed +d wash→ washed
live→ lived
study→ studied stop→ stopped
have (not)
has (not)
moved.
moved.
一般疑问句
Have/ Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词？ Have Has Yes， I/you/we/they he/she/it I/you/we/they
moved?
have.
he/she/it I/you/we/they
he/she/it
（学习动词的过去分词变化规则。）
3. To learn some time expressions usually used in PPT.
（学习常用在现在完成时里的时间表达方式。）
Lead-in Ask and answer
1. How long has Mr. Chen lived in Sunshine Town? He has lived here since he was born.
stop plan
stopped stopped planned planned
studied hurried
双写＋ed
study studied hurry hurried
has. have. not/haven’t. has not/hasn’t.
No，
Adverbs of time
already: 表示已经发生（肯定） ever: 表示“曾经” （否定句 /疑问句） for: 表示一段时间 just: 表示“刚刚” never: 表示“从不” （否定句） recently: 表示“最近” since: 表示“自---以后” yet: 表示“已经”或者“还没有” （疑问句/否定句）
8B Unit 1 Past and Present
Grammar
Learning aims
1. To master the structure and basic usage of present perfect tense(PPT).
（掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法。）
2. To learn the rules of forming the past participle of verbs.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
Eddie has eaten my food.
2. Can Mr. Chen see his old friends as often as before? No. Because most of his old friends have moved away.
have + done(动词过去分词)
Pre-task: More examples
Exercises
1. I ________(have) have had lunch already. arrived (arrive), yet? 2. Has the train_______ been to(be to ) China. has never ______ 3.Tome ____ has seen 4. The twin ______just _____(see) my father. saw 5. The twins ____(see) my father just now.
- y + ied
double the consonant + ed
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 : repair repaired repaired verb＋ed finish finished finished move moved moved 以e结尾＋d live lived lived
Try to find more sentences with "have/ has+ done" in the book.
I've just eaten it. You've changed. We have lived here since then. Have you seen my food？ Have you ever moved house? Has the town changed a lot over the years? · · · · · ·
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and present》教学设计1
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and present》教学设计1一. 教材分析本单元的主题是“过去与现在”，通过对比过去和现在的生活变化，让学生学会用英语描述过去和现在的事物。
教材包括两个部分：Part A和Part B。
Part A包括两个任务，第一个任务是听力和阅读，第二个任务是口语交流。
Part B包括两个任务，第一个任务是阅读和写作，第二个任务是语法练习。
二. 学情分析八年级的学生已经掌握了基本的英语语法和词汇，具备一定的听、说、读、写能力。
但是，对于描述过去和现在的事物，学生可能还不太熟悉。
因此，在教学过程中，教师需要帮助学生建立时间观念，引导学生用英语描述过去和现在的事物。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握描述过去和现在的常用英语单词和短语，如“years ago”、“nowadays”等。
2.能力目标：学生能够用英语描述过去和现在的事物，具备一定的听、说、读、写能力。
3.情感目标：通过对比过去和现在的生活，学生能够认识到社会的进步和发展。
四. 教学重难点1.重点：描述过去和现在的英语单词和短语。
2.难点：如何用英语准确地描述过去和现在的事物。
五. 教学方法1.情境教学法：通过设定情境，让学生在实际语境中学习英语。
2.交际教学法：引导学生进行口语交流，提高学生的交际能力。
3.任务型教学法：通过完成任务，让学生在实践中学习英语。
六. 教学准备1.准备相关图片和视频，展示过去和现在的生活。
2.准备听力材料，让学生听懂并描述过去和现在的事物。
3.准备练习题，巩固所学知识。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）教师通过展示一张过去的照片，如“20年前的学校”，引导学生谈论过去和现在的生活。
例如：“What was the school like years ago? Now, what has changed?”2.呈现（10分钟）教师呈现本节课的主要单词和短语，如“years ago”、“nowadays”等，并用例句展示其用法。
+Unit+1+Past+and+Prmmar+课件+2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册
since or for? ① We haven’t seen each other __f_o_r__ a long time. ② His father has been in the Party _s_i_n_c_e_ 10 years ago. ③ The film has been on __f_o_r__ 20 minutes. ④ Mr Green has worked here _s_i_n_c_e_ he came to China. ⑤ His grandparents have been dead _f_o_r___ several years. ⑥ We have known each other _s_i_n_c_e__ we met last time.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life. How clean! Who has cleaned the room?
We have seen the film twice.
started in the past and continues to the present
1) I __h_a_v_e__ already _c_o_l_le__c_te_d__ some stamps. (我已经收集了一些邮票)
否：I _h_a_v_e_n__’t_ _c_o_l_le_c__te_d__ any stamps___y_e_t_.
“还”
疑：__H_a_v_e___ you __c_o_ll_e_c_t_e_d_ any stamps__y_e_t__? No , not _y_e__t _ .
Presentation 现在完成时的意义(meaning)
1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. 表示过去开始持续到现在的动作。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present 重难点知识归纳总结
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present重难点知识归纳总结【重点单词】1.past [pɑːst] n. 过去2.present ['preznt] n. 现在，目前3.just [dʒʌst] adv. 刚才4.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来5.ever ['evə] adv. 曾经6.northern ['nɔːðən] adj. 北方的，北部的7.married ['mærɪd] adj. 已婚的，结婚的8.wife [waɪf] n. (pl. wives) 妻子9.block [blɒk] n. 街区10.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来11.over ['əʊvə] prep. 在……期间12.pollution [pə'luːʃ(ə)n] n. 污染；污染物13.factory ['fæktəri] n. 工厂14.waste [weɪst] n. 废料；废品15.realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现16.improve [ɪm'pruːv] vt. & vi. 改进，改善17.situation [sɪtjʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 形势，情况18.however [haʊ'evə] adv. 然而19.impossible [ɪm'pɒsəbl] adj. 不可能的20.before [bɪ'fɔː] adv. 以前，过去，已经21.lonely ['ləʊnli] adj. 孤独的，寂寞的22.anyway ['enɪweɪ] adv. 尽管，即使这样23.husband ['hʌzbənd] n. 丈夫24.interview ['ɪntəvjuː] n. 采访；会见25.yet [jet] adv. 还，仍26.recently ['riːsntli] adv. 近来，最近27.past [pɑːst] n. 过去28.environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] n. 环境29.transport [træns'pɔːt] n. 交通车辆，运输工具30.condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 环境，条件，状况31.return [rɪ'tɜːn] vi. 返回st [lɑːst] adv. 最近，上一次；最后33.abroad [ə'brɔːd] adv. 到（在）国外34.primary ['praɪməri] adj. 小学教育的；初级的municate [kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt] vi.& vt. 交流，交际munication [kəmjuːnɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 交流，交际37.exactly [ɪg'zæktli] adv.（答语）正是，没错38.narrow ['nærəʊ] adj. 狭窄的【重点短語】ed to （用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经2.turn ... into ... 把……变成……3.from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔4.in some ways 在某种程度上5.all one’s life 一生6.keep in touch 保持联系7.be/get used to 习惯于，适应于8.open space 开阔的空地9.in the north of town在镇子的北边10.get married 结婚11.move two blocks away 搬到两个街区外12.since then 自从那时13.change a lot 变化很大14.over the years 在这几年里15.put the waste into the river 把废料倒进河里16.realize the problem 意识到这个问题17.improve the situation 改善现状18.much cleaner 更干净了19.as often as before 和之前一样频繁20.feel a bit lonely 感觉有点孤独21.travel to and from the town 往返城镇22.go abroad出国23.narrow and dirty roads 狭小肮脏的街道24.enjoy a comfortable life 享受舒适的生活【重点句型】1.You’ve changed too. You used to be so kind to me.你也变了。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and Presentwelcome优质课件
Transport
taxi
take the taxi by taxi
plane
by air
▪11、即使是普通孩子，只要教育得法，也会成为不平凡的人。 ▪12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 ▪13、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕他们而组织起来。 ▪14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 ▪15、生活即教育，社会即学校，教学做合一。 ▪16、当在学校所学的一切全都忘记之后，还剩下来的才是教育。2021年10月21日星期四2021/10/212021/10/212021/10/21 ▪17、播种行为，可以收获习惯；播种习惯，可以收获性格；播种性格，可以收获命运。2021年10月 2021/10/212021/10/212021/10/2110/21/2021 ▪18、我们发现了儿童有创造力，认识了儿童有创造力，就须进一步把儿童的创造力解放出来2021/10/212021/10/21October 21, 2021 ▪19、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。 2021/10/212021/10/212021/10/212021/10/21
2. Has the bus changed over the years?
Yes, it has. Now it’s easy and fast.
Pair work
A: How did you ... when ... ? B: I used to ... A: Why didn't you ... ? B: ... A: I go to ... by ... Now it's ...
牛津译林版英语八下Unit 1《Past and Present》(reading)教学设计
牛津译林版英语八下Unit 1《Past and Present》（reading）教学设计一. 教材分析《Past and Present》是牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1的阅读材料，主要介绍了英国乡村和城市的变化。
文章通过对比过去和现在的生活方式，让学生了解社会的发展和变迁。
本篇文章语言朴实，内容贴近学生的生活，能够激发学生的学习兴趣。
二. 学情分析八年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，能够理解和运用一些基本的英语语法和词汇。
但部分学生在阅读理解方面还存在一定的困难，需要通过教师的引导和帮助来提高。
此外，学生对英美文化和社会历史的了解相对较少，需要教师在教学中进行补充和拓展。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握文章中的关键词汇和语法结构，理解文章的主旨和大意。
2.能力目标：学生能够运用所学知识进行阅读理解，提高阅读能力。
3.情感目标：学生能够了解社会的发展和变迁，培养对生活的热爱和责任感。
四. 教学重难点1.词汇和语法：文章中的关键词汇和语法结构。
2.阅读理解：学生对文章主旨和大意的理解。
3.文化背景：学生对英美文化和社会历史的了解。
五. 教学方法1.任务型教学法：通过完成各种任务，激发学生的学习兴趣和积极性。
2.情境教学法：通过创设情境，让学生在真实的语言环境中学习和运用英语。
3.合作学习法：引导学生进行小组讨论和合作，提高学生的团队协作能力。
六. 教学准备1.教材：牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1。
2.多媒体设备：电脑、投影仪、音响等。
3.教学素材：与文章相关的图片、视频、阅读材料等。
4.作业布置：布置预习任务，让学生提前熟悉文章内容。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）利用多媒体展示英国乡村和城市的图片，引导学生谈论过去和现在的生活变化。
提问学生：“你们认为过去和现在的生活有什么不同？”、“你们对未来有什么期待？”等，激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.呈现（10分钟）教师简要介绍文章的主旨和大意，然后让学生阅读文章，注意理解文章中的关键词汇和语法结构。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present第2课时示范公开课教学课件
blocks
restaurants
post office
While-reading
Sandy: What did Mr Chen say about the town centre?Millie: Years ago, there was a __________ and a ________. Now there’s a new park, a new ______________ and a large ____________.Sandy: Were there any factories in Sunshine Town?
While-reading
Scanning
Changes in Sunshine Town (lines 7-16)
Past
Present
what we have /had in the town centre
some small _________and shops, ___________ and a cinema, a _______ factory
restaurants
a post office
steel
a shopping mall
a problem
the waste
realized
improve the situation
While-reading
Scanning
Changes in Sunshine Town (lines 17-23)
He got married last year. His wife is very beautiful.He is not lonely now.
Warming-up
牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理
八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在，目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经，永远，这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的，北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的，结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染；污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料；废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进，改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势，情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前，过去，已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的，寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时，有时，偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管，即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访；会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还，仍recently ['riːsntli]近来，最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆，运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境，条件，状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近，上一次；最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到（在）国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的；初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流，交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流，交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] （答语）正是，没错be/get used to 习惯于，适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人，并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点归纳总结
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点归纳总结Oxford Yilin Grade 8 English Unit 1 Summary1.Past and PresentPast:1) "in the past" (simple past)2) "in the past few years" (present perfect)3) "walk past" means to pass byPresent:1) "at present" means currently2) "receive a present" means to receive a gift2.XXXin the bowl" means inside the bowlon the plate" means on top of the plateed ToUsed to do something (no longer do it)Used to be (was/were in the past)Share something with someonee.g。
"You often shared food with me in the past" -。
"You used to share food with me"Be/get used to doing something (still do it)e.g。
"I am used to waking up at 6 a.m."4.JustJust" can mean "a moment ago" (present perfect)Just" can also mean "exactly" (emphasizing)Just now" means "a moment ago" (simple past)5.ChangeChange" can be a verb or a nounXXX。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present Reading课件(22张)
5. 在…中心 6. 感到孤独 7. 变成 8. 不时地 9. 过去常常做… 10. 在某种程度上
in the center of… feel lonely turn into from time to time used to do sth. in some ways
Homework
Finish the exercise C2 and D on Page 11.
1. since ___B___ 3. dump ___D___ 5. reduce __G____
2. married ___F___ 4. realized ___C___ 6. open space___A___
7. lonely ___E___
D. throw away something you don’t want
( F)
4) Mr Chen moved out of Sunshine
Town when he got married. ( F )
5) In the past, 30,000 people lived in Sun-
shine Town.
( T)
6) Mr Chen and his old friends meet in the
factories
used to…
reduce
poison
dump waste
pollute
realize
stall
My hometown
in the past at present
Has my hometown changed a lot?
1. Fast Reading
What’s main idea of the passage? The changes to Sunshine Town.
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and present》教学设计7
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and present》教学设计7一. 教材分析牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1《Past and present》主要讲述了人们生活的变化以及不同时代的特点。
通过本单元的学习，学生能够掌握一般过去时态和现在时态的运用，了解不同时代的生活差异，提高口语交流能力。
本课时的教学内容主要包括对话和任务型活动，旨在让学生在实际情境中运用语言，提高综合语言运用能力。
二. 学情分析八年级的学生已经掌握了基本的英语语法和词汇，具备一定的听说读写能力。
但部分学生在口语表达方面仍有困难，尤其是在运用一般过去时态和现在时态描述生活中的变化时，容易产生混淆。
因此，在教学过程中，需要关注学生的个体差异，调动学生的积极性，引导他们主动参与课堂活动。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：–学会运用一般过去时态和现在时态描述生活中的变化。
–掌握表示不同时代特点的词汇和短语。
2.能力目标：–提高学生的口语交流能力，能在实际情境中运用所学知识。
–培养学生的团队合作意识，提高解决问题的能力。
3.情感目标：–激发学生对生活中变化的关注，培养他们的创新精神。
–增强学生对英语学习的兴趣，提高他们的自信心。
四. 教学重难点•运用一般过去时态和现在时态描述生活中的变化。
•掌握表示不同时代特点的词汇和短语。
•正确运用一般过去时态和现在时态进行口语表达。
•在实际情境中运用所学知识进行交流。
五. 教学方法1.任务型教学法：通过设置各种任务，让学生在实际情境中运用语言，提高口语交流能力。
2.合作学习法：引导学生分组讨论，培养团队合作意识，提高解决问题的能力。
3.情境教学法：创设各种生活情境，激发学生对生活中变化的关注，提高他们的创新精神。
六. 教学准备1.教学材料：教材、多媒体课件、黑板、粉笔。
2.教学辅助工具：录音机、电脑、投影仪。
3.教学资源：相关时代特点的图片、视频、音频资料。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）教师通过展示一组不同时代的图片，引导学生谈论生活中的变化，激发学生的学习兴趣。