上海市金山中学2014高二下学期期末考试英语试题
金山中学2014学年度第二学期高二年级英语学科期末考试卷 第I卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a nurse. C. She’s a maid. D. She’s a gardener. 2. A. Hat. B. Sunglass. C. Umbrella. D. Bag. 3. A. In a classroom. B. In a lift. C.On the playground. D. In an apartment. 4. A. 91. B. 90. C. 89. D.88. 5. A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By taxi. D. On foot. 6. A. Drive to the library. B. Return home. C. Get out of the car and go into the library. D. Take the man to the library. 7. A. Vita came to the party. B. Vita doesn’t have any imagination. C. Vita hasn’t appeared yet. D. Vita planned the party. 8. A. One of Ted’s parents wasn’t at home today. B. She went visiting with her husband. C. She saw neither of his parents today. D. She hadn’t expected to see Ted’s father. 9. A. Joe is a very popular singer. B. Joe can sing very well. C. Most students do not like to listen to his singing. D. Joe was the last one in the class who sang a song. 10. A. They are having lunch. B. They are having dinner. C. They are having a break. D. They are having breakfast. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Candies and DVD players. B. Clothes and books. C. Clothing and home-use products. D. Clothing and DVD players. 12. A. You are not satisfied with the price of the product. B. You are not satisfied with the quality of the product. C. You are not satisfied with the package of the product. D. You don’t want to buy them suddenly. 13. A. Shopping on line is safe. B. Shopping online is convenient. C. Wang Lin’s life. D. Online shopping in China. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. It was sunny. B. It was cloudy. C. It was foggy. D. It was snowy. 15. A. Crying for help. B. Climbing up to the bridge. C. Opening the door of her car. D. Lying in the snow. 16. A. Mary couldn’t see the road clearly due to the dark. B. Mary’s leg was hurt during the accident. C. Mary closed her eyes because she wanted to have a sleep. D. Mary had given up before the old man came. Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. The item the Description of Where When man claimed he lost the lost item 1. 17 Brown with a wide belt and a thick furry collar. In the 18 hall. Yesterday morning.
2. Long coat 19 with big black buttons and a black belt. On the bus. Last week. 3. Raincoat White with a silk lining. On the underground. At about 20 this morning.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. An interview Name Anna Black Work experience She has been a(n) 21 for two years at different restaurants. The reason she wants to change the job She can’t work 22 because of the study at university. The days she is available She is free on Tuesday, 23 . The result of her interview She didn’t 24 .
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. ( A ) A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and was staying with his wife at the 25_____(good) hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly he felt someone behind him. He turned his head and saw26________ Italian
上海金山中学2024学年高三下学期期末复习检测试题(一模)英语试题含解析
上海金山中学2024学年高三下学期期末复习检测试题（一模）英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
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将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
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考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.A．Tasted B．TastingC．To taste D．Being tasted2．—I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensive．—If you really want to buy them, I will give you a ____ of 10 percent．A．quantity B．amount C．discount D．account3．--- Ann, our department may be named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding performance.--- _______.A．Good to know B．I’ll sayC．I hear you on that one D．Can’t argue with that4．The monitor said that the learning method he used improved his maths.A．greatly B．nearly C．normally D．seriously5．The college examination is ________________ easier this year than I have expected.A．fairly B．quiteC．rather D．very6．There is a wide ________of reference books to be found, so ________you look for some material needed, you can turn to me.A．kind; the last time B．sort; every timeC．variety; next time D．type; the moment7．It is going to rain today. Take an umbrella with you to ________ you from the rain.A．stop B．prevent C．keep D．protect8．The new secretary is and therefore the manager is satisfied with her work.A．effective B．efficient C．specific D．sufficient9．—Why not talk with your parents about your willingness to attend 2017 Peking University Summer Camp?—I tried____ to get them to listen to me.A．in time B．in vainC．in need D．in case10．The government placed _____ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.A．limitations B．administrationC．requirements D．restrictions11．The majority of new businesses fail because, ________ they have a product or service that fills a gap in the market, they usually lack the skills in sales, marketing, and administration.A．now that B．even ifC．as long as D．as though12．—I will pick you up at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?—________. See you then.A．I’d love to.B．That’s settled.C．It’s up to you D．My pleasure13．I _________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________ a composition last night and I'll finish it tomorrow.A．wanted；wrote B．had wanted；was writingC．had wanted；wrote D．wanted；have been writing14．People all think it strang e that the boy should tell what’s written on the paper in another room without looking at it. It really ________ explanation.A．prevents B．challenges C．interrupts D．confuses15．If an entire country gets richer at the same time, individuals wouldn't ________ feel wealthier, since their relative positions in society haven't changed.A．necessarily B．initially C．typically D．sustainably16．If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.A．can B．willC．may D．shall17．Mr. Smart is believed to be a capable person, who is equal_____ charge of the company very well.A．to take B．to taking C．to be taken D．taking18．It is believed that many more popular terms ________ on the Internet this year.A．will be created B．have createdC．are created D．are creating19．—You look sleepy today.—__________ not to miss the flight, I didn't dare to close my eyes the whole night.A．Reminded B．Being remindedC．Reminding D．Having reminded20．Membership of this club is open to those who are its aim.A．in salute to B．in honour ofC．in line with D．in sympathy with第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
上海市金山中学2014-2015学年高二化学下学期期末考试试题
金山中学2014学年度第二学期高二年级化学学科期末考试卷本卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 S-32 Cu-64一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．自然界中只能以化合态存在的元素是A．硫 B．氧 C．氮 D．铝2．钼可用于制导导弹，钼的同位素94Mo所含的中子数是42A．42 B．47 C．52 D．943．以下是人们对原子结构的认识所经历的几个重要历史阶段：①道尔顿提出的原子论；②汤姆孙提出的葡萄干面包原子摸型；③德谟克里特的古典原子论；④卢瑟福的原子结构行星模型。
其中先后顺序正确的是A．①②③④ B．③④②① C．③②①④ D．③①②④4．下列化合物属于弱电解质的是A．NaOH B．HF C．CH3COONH4 D．CO25．不能使KI淀粉溶液显蓝色的物质是A．I2 B．KI C．NO2 D．Cl26．不属于石油分馏产品的是A．石蜡 B．乙烯 C．汽油 D．煤油7．下列各组物质的类别归属正确的是A．同位素：1H2、2H2、3H2 B．分子晶体：I2、SO3、固态氩C．非电解质：Cl2、BaSO4、C2H5OH D．化合物：重水、双氧水、矿泉水8．与二氧化硫反应时，下列物质作氧化剂的是A．溴单质 B．硫化氢 C．品红 D．氢氧化钙9．下列变化会放出热量的是A．干冰升华 B．雪融化 C．硝酸铵溶于水 D．铁粉和硫粉反应10．测定硫酸铜晶体中结晶水含量时，要用到下列仪器中的A B C D11．25℃时，0.005mol/L氢氧化钡溶液的pH是A．2 B．2.3 C．11.7 D．1212．对于反应A2(g)+3B2(g) 2AB3(g)来说，下列各组数据中，表示反应速度最大的是(A)v(A2)＝0.4mol/(L·s) (B)v(B2)＝0.6mol/(L·s)(C)v(AB3)＝0.5mol/(L·s) (D)v(B2)＝0.8mol／(L·s)13．右图是电解氯化铜溶液的装置，其中c 、d为石墨电极，则下列有关的判断正确的是A a为负极、b为正极B a为阳极、b为阴极C 电解过程中，d电极质量增加D 电解过程中，氯离子的浓度不变14．某无色透明溶液中可能大量存在Ag＋，Mg2＋，Cu2＋中的几种离子。
上海市金山中学高一英语下学期期末考试试题
上海市金山中学2012-2013学年高一期末考试英语试题（考试时间：90分钟满分：100分）第一卷（共75分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection Aon your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. To cancel an appointment.B. To book an airplane ticket to Shanghai.C. To make an appointment with the woman.D. To invite the woman to visit Shanghai with him.2. A. A washing machine. B. An iPhone.C. A television.D. An iPad2.3. A. She goes to the countryside.B. She goes fishing with her friends.C. She goes to take pictures.D. She helps her mother do housework.4. A. He picked up his sister.B. He listened to a lecture.C. He went to the hospital.D. He looked after his grandpa.5. A. To Florida. B. To San Francisco.C. To New York.D. To Washington.6. A. See the doctor. B. Take sleeping pills.C. Lose some weight.D. Have a rest.7. A. Its goods were stolen. B. It was broken into.C. Its owner was injured.D. It caught fire.8. A. On August 22nd. B. On August 24th.C. On August 26th.D. On August 29th.9. A. He is making noise.B. He is watching a football match.C. He is preparing for the final exam.D. He is repairing his TV set.10. A. Mr. White. B. Mrs. White.C. Mr. Black.D. Mr. White’s brother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possibleanswers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A successful real-estate investor.B. A journalist of Eyes on Investors.C. The founder of an investing business.D. The founder of Eyes on Investors.12. A. How David became so successful.B. Why David started investing in real-estate.C. How David’s life changed.D. How David enjoyed his life.13. A. Because it was the interview of a successful man.B. Because it was very enjoyable.C. Because it started off just as a chat.D. Because it was a discussion between two persons.14.15.A. The Wine Drinking Competition.B. The History and Culture of Winery Show.C. The celebration of Whistler Wines’ birthday.D. A dinner party.15. A. Whistling. B. German bowling.C. Egg hunting.D. Wine tasting.16. A. In the square. B. At Whistler Wines.C. On the beach.D. In the Great Hall.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Borrowing Books from the LibraryBooks Where to find17 English novels for the man’sdaughterOn the first floorOne book on 18 management for theman himselfOn the fourth floorOne fashion magazine for the man’s 19 In the only 20 room on the second floorII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. At the foot of the mountain _____ two small rivers.A. is lyingB. are lyingC. lieD. lies22. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to your parents.A. in thatB. whichC. /D. of which23. His curiosity _____ the plants and animals led him to _____ a biologist.224. The boy, one of the so-called rich second generation, forced his parents to buya new car _____ it might cost.A. no matter how muchB. how muchC. however highD. no matter how25. －Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?－______. I’m not particular about drinks.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither26. The teacher left word with us _____ she would explain the problem again next time.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. which27. All the visitors have to pass security check before they are allowed to enterthe stadium, ______?A. don’t theyB. haven’t theyC. aren’t theyD.are they28. This kind of material _____ well.A. washesB. washC. is washedD. is washing29. Every time Gina catches her employees _____ time, she reminds them that time is money.A. wasteB. wastingC. to wasteD. wasted30. There are 50 students in this classroom _____ face the noisy street.A. windows of whichB. which windowsC. the windows in whichD. whose windows31. Jack is __________ Janet.A. as diligent a student asB. a student as more diligent asC. diligent as a student asD. as a diligent student as32. The project _________ by the end of 2012, will expand the city’s telephonenetwork to cover 2000000 users.A. being accomplishedB. to be accomplishedC. accomplishedD. having been accomplished33. Believe it or not, crying is a way you can imagine ______ pressure.A. relievingB. to relieveC. relievedD. relieve34. In the U.S., ______ a tip is thought to be polite when paying the bill.A. leaveB. having leftC. leavingD. being left35. People all over the world were shocked Japan’s nuclear explosion causedby the devastating earthquake.A. inB. atC. toD. on36. A little carelessness while driving ______ cost the driver his life.A. mustB. shallC. needD. may37. _________ for months to look for a job as a bank clerk, Smith finally took aposition at a local advertising agency.A. To struggleB. Having struggledC. To be strugglingD. Struggled38. _____ you lose your key, please keep a spare one in your office.A. As long asB. ThoughC. UnlessD. In case39. The way the guests ______ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A. were treatedB. treatedC. would treatD.would be treating40. When I try to understand _____ that prevents so many Americans from being ashappy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.A. why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is2Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The earliest men did not have much time for art; they faced many dangers, and hunting for food took up almost all their time. But after many thousands of years perhaps a million years or more they became very good 41 , and that gave them a little free time which they could use for other things. A few of them began to paint on the walls of the caves where they lived. Many early artists painted animals, because these were the most important things in their lives. Animals 42 food to keep them living, and skins to keep them 43 .Like painters today, the early artists possibly painted for many 44 . Perhaps they wanted to give their cave a little brightness and color; perhaps they had a few special ideas which they could 45 most easily in a painting; perhaps they just wanted to spend a little time in a __46 way. Many of them believed in magic, and they often drew animals which were caught. They hoped that by drawing these things, they would make them 47 appear.People have 48 cave paintings in many parts of the world. The earliest that we know about are in Europe. Because of the cold weather, the early men in Europe used the caves for __49_; in many warmer parts of the world this was not necessary. We know quite a lot about the dates of the European paintings, and we believe that the earliest ones were painted about thirty thousand years ago.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Generally speaking, most people are frightened of making public speech. Losing face is the greatest __50__ and failing to appeal to the audience comes a close second. Most people have plenty of insecurities, and public speaking seems like a situation that will bring all the __51__ feelings out. Some people are always expected of highly and they will be under pressure to be __52__. Then they may still feel unsatisfied with their performance although the general public have already been __53__ by their speech.While lively people will feel less fear, it does not mean they will __54__ do the job better. On the contrary, in many cases some very shy people do manage to present __55__ speeches. In fact, __56__ is not what mainly decides whether youdo well at a public speech. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.Doing public speaking as actual acting, performing the lines of a character other than yourself, does not make you succeed. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully prepared, acting again and again __57__, there is always a hidden __58__ among the audience that what they say might not be correct.Likewise, many speeches of great speakers in history are far from __59__. The audience may on the spot be persuaded by them while afterwards they even can’t remember what they have heard and have a feeling of being __60__.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to __61__ naturally, prepared speeches rarely __62__ in public. But, only being yourself doesn't help get rid of all the fears either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too __63__. The distance between the speaker and the audience would be too short to strengthen the need for normal communication and information exchange, which are the main __64__ of a public speech.50. A. concern B. preference C. resistance D. sorrow51. A. eager B. unsafe C. special D. usual52. A. reasonable B. anxious C. perfect D. critical53. A. preserved B. impressed C. worried D. prevented54. A. necessarily B. readily C. appropriately D. extensively55. A. terrible B. unforgettable C. suitable D. scientific56. A. skill B. preparation C. knowledge D. personality57. A. in advance B. in reality C. in control D. in result58. A. awareness B. mystery C. research D. fear59. A. beneficial B. clear C. responsible D. successful60. A. forgotten B. fooled C. encouraged D. determined61. A. act B. cry C. guide D. communicate62. A. make mistakes B. work wonders C. lose face D. create troubles63. A. dirty B. personal C. specific D. noisy64. A. limitations B. advantages C. purposes D. conditionsSection Bfits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)65. How many performances will the Irish dancing troupe give between June 23 and 25?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.66. Whose works will NOT be played at the concert?A. Chopin.B. Schumann.C. Beethoven.D. Liszt.67. Who sponsored these performances?A. The Irish International Dance Company.B. The Century Theater.C. China National Culture and Art Company Ltd..D. Art Company Ltd..(B)Despite knowing he was dying, Steve Jobs, former CEO of Apple, worked for more than a year to make plans for four years of new products that he believed would maintain the company’s future.It was also revealed that Jobs fought hard to get plans approved for a spaceship-style company headquarters in California. It will be big enough to hold 12,000 employees in a park-like setting near the existing base in Cupertino, the global headquarters of Apple. He appeared at a town council meeting in June to promote the planning.He was also overseeing (监督) the development of the delayed iCloud project, which will allow Apple users to store their music, photos and other documents remotely, and designing updated versions of the iPod, iPad, iPhone and MacBooks, ensuring that at least four years’ worth of products will go smoothly.Pre-order sales of the first official biography of Steve Jobs have increased by 44,000 percent. According to the official description, the book, out on October 24, 2011, is based on more than 40 interviews with Jobs conducted over two years –as well as interviews with more than a hundred family members, friends, competitors and colleagues. Steve Jobs died on October 5, 2011, aged 56, following a long battle with cancer. Jobs is survived by a wife, a son and two daughters. With his passing being confirmed, world leaders, the most famous technology bosses and thousands of fans throughout the world all paid tribute (悼念) in their way to the life of the man they honored as a hero.68. What is the passage mainly about?A. How Steve Jobs battled with a deadly disease.B. What Steve Jobs did for his company before he died.C. Why Apple became a successful company.D. Whether Apple will survive without Steve Jobs.69. Which of the following is NOT one of things that Steve Jobs has done?A. Participate in the writing of his first official biography.B. Plan a spaceship-style headquarters in California.C. Control the development of the iCloud products.D. Design updated versions of existing products.70. What did Steve Jobs do when he knew he was dying, according to this passage?A. Enjoy life with his family.B. Contact his friends and colleagues.C. Be interviewed by the media.D. Make plans for his company71. What can we learn about Steve Jobs from the last paragraph?A. His first official biography was published when this passage was written.B. The main content of his first official biography is about his family life.C. He was honored not only by his friends, but also by his competitors.D. No one apart from his family expected him to die so soon.(C)Have you ever wondered why the leaves on trees turn from green to shades of red, yellow and brown each fall? Why the colors are better some years than others? Or even why leaves are green in the first place? Once each year during the fall season the trees of many regions in America produce a great color show that signals the death of the leaves and an inactive winter period for the tree.Trees, like all living things, need food and energy to live and grow. Leaves are a tree’s food factories. leaves contain a green pigment (色素) called chlorophyll, which has the ability to absorb energy from sunlight and turn the water and minerals into starch (淀粉), which is food for the tree.During the summer months when there are long days and pleasant temperatures, the leaves are busy making food, but as the days of sunlight grow shorter and the weather becomes cooler, the leaf factories begin to slow down until the process of making food stops completely. The green chlorophyll is no longer needed and slowly disappears from the leaves. The reds, yellows and browns of fall leaves then appear.Where do the colors come from? They are there all the time. Leaves contain yellow, orange and brown pigments that are always present in the leaf but remain hidden by the strong chlorophyll green in summer. The color appears only when the green chlorophyll fades.As the leaves change color, the tree pulls any remaining food out of them, storing it to survive during the winter months. The red shades of some fall leaves appear when the sugar produced by the leaves gets trapped in them rather than returning to the tree. The sugar dissolves (溶解) in the sap (树液) of the leaf and turns it red, orange, or purple. Some leaves have no color pigments except for the chlorophyll and just turn a dull shade of brown before drying up.In very warm climates, many broad-leaved trees drop only some of their leaves at a time and appear green all year round. The intensity of the fall colors varies from year to year, depending on the fall weather conditions. With frosty weather, the colors may not be as varied. Cloudy, rainy weather produces dull shades of red. Warm, humid conditions produce brightly-colored but speckled (有斑点的) leaves. Dry, sunny fall weather produces the most wonderful colors of all.72. The author raised several questions in the first paragraph most probably because _____.A. he advises the reader to look them upB. he wants the readers to think about themC. he knows the reader will be interested in themD. he hopes the reader will find the answers to them73.A. The tree freezes in cold weather.B. The leaves store water and minerals.C. The tree begins to die in the winter.D. The leaves stop making food.74. What does chlorophyll do for a tree’s leaves?A. It makes the leaves drop from the tree.B. It makes the leaves taste sweet.C. It makes the leaves red, gold and brown.D. It makes the leaves green.75. During the fall, how does cloudy, rainy weather affect leaf color?A. It creates more dull leaves with speckles.B. It creates more leaves that are red.C. It creates more orange and yellow leaves.D. It creates more brightly-colored leaves.第II卷（共14分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.2.为什么不尝试用中药来治疗这种疾病呢？(Why)3. 父母不能容忍孩子们一而再地犯同一个错误。
上海市金山中学2013_2014学年高二生物下学期期末试卷(含解析)
2013-2014学年上海市金山中学高二（下）期末生物试卷一、选择题（本大题共30分，每小题1分）2．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）蚕豆体细胞有12条染色体，则有丝分裂后期细胞中的3．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）如果正常人血液中甲状腺素过多，则促甲状腺激素水4．（1分）（2011•上海校级模拟）生殖是物种得以延续和进化的保证．下列各生殖方式中，能5．（1分）（2013•宝山区二模）如图为细胞周期中某细胞示意图，此时发生在有丝分裂的（））7．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）电子显微镜下观察狗尾草绿色幼茎皮层细胞，可观察到的结构有（）8．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）一位妇女因脑颅内长了肿瘤，结果造成了失明，可能9．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）下列内分泌腺中，能分泌两种参与血糖调节、作用相10．（1分）（2005•广东）甲（〇）乙（●）两种物质在细胞膜两侧的分布情况如图（颗粒的多少表示浓度的高低），在进行跨膜运输时，下列说法正确的是（ ）11．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）如图表示两次注射疫苗后机体血液中抗体浓度的变化，B C13．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）将洋葱表皮细胞浸于20%蔗糖溶液中，细胞出现质壁）15．（1分）（2014秋•菏泽期末）下面是4位同学拼制的DNA 分子部分平面结构模型，正确的是（ ）C16．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）胃蛋白酶的活性收受温度和pH 值等多种外界因素的影响．当外界条件发生下列情况下，胃蛋白酶的活性变化的曲线正确的是（ ）17．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）物种多样性是指地球上动物、植物和微生物等生物的18．（1分）（2011秋•乐山期末）如图对燕麦胚芽鞘生长所进行的实验（图中锡箔套不透光，云母片不透水），能产生向光性弯曲生长的是（ ）19．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）2000年6月22日，我国生物胚胎专家张涌顺利接生了一只雌性体细胞克隆山羊“阳阳”（甲）；“阳阳”成年后经与世界首批胚胎克隆山羊自然受孕，于2001年8月8日产下一对儿女，雄性叫“欢欢”（乙），雌性叫“庆庆”（丙）．以上产生甲、乙、丙的生殖方式分别是（ ）20．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）图a 是某对同源染色体的，在某些外界条件作用下，图a 染色体发生了变异（图b ），则该种变异属于（ ）21．（1分）（2012秋•扬州期末）基因工程技术也称为DNA重组技术，其实施必须具备的四个22．（1分）（2015•青浦区一模）神经冲动在两个神经元之间传递时，以下生理活动不会发生24．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）南瓜的果实中白色（E）对黄色（e）为显性，盘状（D））25．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）有关如图的叙述，正确的是（）（1）①→②表示DNA转录（2）共有5种碱基（3）①②中的A表示同一种核苷酸（4）共有4个密码子26．（1分）（2009秋•西城区期末）如图是噬菌体侵染细菌实验的部分实验步骤示意图，对此实验有关叙述正确的是（）27．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）从表格中所述实验方法与结果中不能推出的结论或观28．（1分）（2014•成都模拟）科学家用水绵进行了如下实验：把载有水绵和好氧细菌的临时装片放在没有空气和光照的条件下一段时间，然后用极细的光束照射水绵不同部位，观测到一些部位有好氧细菌积聚，另一些部位则没有积聚（如图所示）．由此得出的结论是（）29．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）高茎豌豆（DD）和矮茎豌豆（dd）杂交得F1，F1自交223330．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）弓形虫中医叫三尸虫，是细胞内寄生虫（如图所示）．寄生于细胞内，随血液流动，到达全身各部位，破坏大脑、心脏、眼底，致使人的免疫力下降，患各种疾病．如果怀孕头3个月发生先天性感染，大约40%胎儿可能有严重的损害，出现流产、死胎或新生儿疾病，或者出生后有眼、脑或肝脏的病变或畸形，如视网膜脉络膜炎、白内障、脑内钙化、脑积水、小头畸形、智力障碍、黄疸和肝脾肿大．根据上述资料，下列叙述错误的数目是（）（1）弓形虫有属于真核生物，有染色体结构；（2）弓形虫体内葡萄糖的氧化分解的场所是线粒体；（3）弓形虫体内存在核糖体，其形成过程与核仁有关；（4）弓形虫属于寄生生物，因此弓形虫无法进行独立的代谢．二、简答题（本大题共70分，每空格1分）31．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的基础如图是某种生物的细胞亚显微结构示意图，试据图回答：（1）该细胞是细胞，做出此判断的依据是此细胞具有[ ] 、[ ] 、[ ] ．（2）图中[2]的主要成分是．（3）提供细胞能量的“动力工厂”为[ ] ．（4）图中[ ] 与细胞内[13]核糖体的形成有关．把氨基酸组装成蛋白质的场所是[ ] ．（5）有双层膜的结构但又不属于细胞器的是[ ] ．（6）如果该细胞是低等植物细胞，则图中还应该有的细胞器是．32．（9分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的物质变化与能量变化光合作用和呼吸作用是自然界物质变化和能量转化的基础生物化学反应．图甲所表示的是一株代谢平衡（无大量的蛋白质和糖类等生物大分子的合成与分解）的植株（光合作用产物均表示为葡萄糖）中的呼吸作用和光合作用过程．请据图回答：（1）图甲中，C表示生命的直接能源物质，则各个字母所指代的物质分别为：A E G（2）发生过程Ⅱ的结构为；过程IV所发生的细胞器主要为．（3）经过一段时间光照后，关闭光源，之后的较短一段时间内仍然发生的过程为（填罗马数字）（4）图乙为叶绿体色素分离实验，则其中Z表示滤液细线，据图可知，其中S表示，X表示，其中可以吸收蓝紫光的色素是（填字母）．33．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的信息如图甲所示DNA可利用其上携带的遗传信息通过一系列的过程最终合成蛋白质．据图回答：（在中填写相应的数字编号，横线中填写文字）（1）图乙中方框内所示结构是图甲中[ ]的一部分，其基本组成单位是（2）图甲中以④为模板合成⑤物质的过程称为，进行的主要场所是[⑥] ，所需要的原料是．（3）下列结构中（图乙），化学结构不同的一组是A.1和4B.2和3C.5和7D.6和8（4）从化学成分角度分析，与图甲中结构⑥的化学组成最相似的是A．乳酸杆菌 B．噬菌体 C．乳腺细胞 D．流感病毒（5）人体下丘脑可以通过上述图甲过程合成一种名为抗利尿激素（ADH）的激素，其成分是一种链状九肽，则ADH中含有的肽键数为，至少含有氨基个．ADH 通过血液运输至肾脏，作用于肾小管细胞膜表面的从而促进肾小管细胞对水的重吸收．34．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的延续已知甲病是一种单基因遗传病，如图为患甲病的家族遗传系谱图（显性基因为A，隐性基因为a），且已知3号为纯合子，据图回答．（1）甲病的致病基因位于染色体上，属于性基因．（2）甲病可能是以下哪种疾病A．抗维生素D佝偻病 B．血友病 C．唐氏综合症 D．白化病（3）2号的基因型为．（4）若9号与10号生育子女，则子女患甲病的概率为．从优生学角度建议9号与10号生育孩（男/女）．（5）11号的致病基因来自I中的．（6）若表现型正常的女性中含有a基因的概率为10%，则7号与8号生育子女患甲病的概率为．（7）8号个体的细胞中含有的致病基因的个数不可能是A．0个 B．1个 C．2个 D．4个．35．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）现代生物技术干扰素是治疗癌症的重要药物，它必须从血中提取，每升人血只能提取0.5μg，所以价格昂贵．现在美国加利福尼亚州的基因公司用如图的方式生产干扰素．试分析原理和优点．（1）从人的淋巴细胞中取出干扰素基因，一般可采用技术进行扩增，此基因在基因工程中称为．（2）此基因与细菌的质粒在重组过程中需先用酶和酶进行处理，使其形成质粒，然后将目的基因移植到酵母菌体内．（3）为了明确干扰素基因在酵母菌体内能否发挥功能作用，从分子水平看，首先要检测其是否，而要看本转基因实验是否成功的标准是能否表达出．（4）人的干扰素基因能在酵母菌中进行表达的原因是人和酵母菌．（5）科学家在培养转基因植物时，常用土壤农杆菌中的质粒做运载体．质粒是基因工程最常用的运载体，它具备运载体的条件：①能够在宿主细胞中并稳定地保存；②具有多个限制酶切点，以便与外源基因连接；③具有某些，便于进行筛选．36．（11分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命科学基础实验与细胞分裂图甲和图乙表示某二倍体生物个体（2n=8）细胞分裂若干时期的示意图，据图回答：（1）由甲图可以推断，该生物的性别为（雌性/雄性），理由是：．（2）图甲细胞分裂过程（B～F）表示的是细胞的分裂．（3）图甲中D细胞所处的时期染色体发生行为．（4）图中J细胞的名称是（5）细胞I中染色体数：染色单体数：DNA数为A.1：1：1B.1：2：2C.1：0：2D.1：0：1（6）若想观察到上述分裂图象，可以选用的生物组织是A．大肠杆菌 B．洋葱根尖分生区细胞 C．蛔虫基底层干细胞 D．果蝇性腺（7）在进行该细胞图象观察时，需要用对细胞中的染色体进行染色．（8）若欲统计该生物图中A细胞时期的比例，可以在显微镜下用样方法进行统计（如图丙所示），样方在选取时必须遵循原则，根据图示可以得出A时期细胞的比例约占．37．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生物的进化：阅读以下文字并回答相应问题：当听到“进化”这个单词的时候，最先想到的人物就是达尔文．“物种起源”被称作达尔文的代表作，在“物种起源”当中，达尔文对于他的“自然选择”学说有详细的说明．根据达尔文所说，生命体是一个很自然并且很普遍的现象．现在的问题是，什么样的变化是连续的，相反，什么样的变化是没有留下任何痕迹的．达尔文提出了解决问题的答案．这就是所谓“自然选择”．所有的生命，在自然环境资源有限的情况下，都是有竞争的．因此，在自然的发展过程中有些物种会发生变化．但只有一些有利的变化能更长久的生存，并且延续给更多的子孙后代．在大自然竞争中不利于生存的变化却不能长久的延续下去．这种差异在最初可能微乎其微，但是长期以来一直这么变化下去，或者由于基因突变，对于群体适应自然的能力的差异就会变大．此外，其他的变化随着时间的流逝而不被发觉，就如拥有最初的一些拥有特性的个体也会向其他的种类变化．虽然可以忽视变化的每一个个体，但是无论多么小的变化都需要透过数百年或数千年悠久的历史反复观察，只有这样那些微小的差异才能不被忽视．这些生物体的每个部位都会有多种多样的变化，通过这个我们知道，沙漠和极地之间的环境差异也极为不同，而且每个时期的发展也不同，骆驼和企鹅等全部其他的生物体都会在自然选择的力量下求生存．一个小变化随着岁月的流逝差异也会变大．（1）自然选择学说中的四个基本论点包括：变异和遗传、繁殖过剩、和适者生存．自然选择学说发展的过程中，有一个物种一直困扰着达尔文，那就是孔雀．按照经典的自然选择的学说，完全无法解释孔雀这个物种存在的合理性．孔雀的尾巴羽毛的规模相比起它的身体来说实在是庞大而又沉重，行动不是很方便．不仅是这个，还有它特有的华丽的颜色．正因为这一点，以及它多姿多彩的生活都会映入敌人的眼中．所以，想保持个体的生命从来都不容易，也不会得到帮助．因此，孔雀这一物种的存在是极不合常理的．（2）按照经典的自然选择学说，雄性孔雀的尾巴羽毛理论上应该呈现什么形态？为什么？形态、原因．即使这样，众所周知拥有这种又大又漂亮尾巴和羽毛的孔雀维持住物种存在也是一个事实．如果是这样的话，超越自然选择进化的原动力的存在是正确的．因此，经过思考，达尔文提出了性选择理论：性选择，自然选择的一种特殊形式．达尔文认为，同一性别的生物个体（主要是雄性）之间为争取同异性交配而发生竞争，得到交配的个体就能繁殖后代，使有利于竞争的性状逐渐巩固和发展．注：春天是孔雀产卵繁殖后代的季节．雄孔雀展开它那五彩缤纷、色泽艳丽的尾屏，还不停地做出各种各样优美的舞蹈动作，向雌孔雀炫耀自己的美丽，以此吸引雌孔雀．（3）若按照性选择理论，请解释雄性孔雀的尾巴羽毛出现艳丽的尾屏的原因．．孔雀属（Pavo）的两个种是印度和斯里兰卡产的蓝孔雀（P．cristatus，即印度孔雀）和分布自缅甸到爪哇的绿孔雀（P．muticus，即爪哇孔雀）．两者差别很大，雄性蓝孔雀羽色为蓝色，而绿孔雀羽色为绿色，而且蓝孔雀头部的羽冠呈扇形撒开，而绿孔雀头部的羽冠则是簇装，不成扇形．（4）两种孔雀在进化历程中都是由进化而来．而这两种适应不同生活环境而分化出不同种类的现象被称为．（5）试用性选择理论与现代进化理论解释两种孔雀形成的原因：．2013-2014学年上海市金山中学高二（下）期末生物试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共30分，每小题1分）2．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）蚕豆体细胞有12条染色体，则有丝分裂后期细胞中的3．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）如果正常人血液中甲状腺素过多，则促甲状腺激素水4．（1分）（2011•上海校级模拟）生殖是物种得以延续和进化的保证．下列各生殖方式中，能5．（1分）（2013•宝山区二模）如图为细胞周期中某细胞示意图，此时发生在有丝分裂的（））7．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）电子显微镜下观察狗尾草绿色幼茎皮层细胞，可观察到的结构有（）8．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）一位妇女因脑颅内长了肿瘤，结果造成了失明，可能9．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）下列内分泌腺中，能分泌两种参与血糖调节、作用相10．（1分）（2005•广东）甲（〇）乙（●）两种物质在细胞膜两侧的分布情况如图（颗粒的多少表示浓度的高低），在进行跨膜运输时，下列说法正确的是（）11．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）如图表示两次注射疫苗后机体血液中抗体浓度的变化，B C13．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）将洋葱表皮细胞浸于20%蔗糖溶液中，细胞出现质壁）15．（1分）（2014秋•菏泽期末）下面是4位同学拼制的DNA分子部分平面结构模型，正确的C16．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）胃蛋白酶的活性收受温度和pH值等多种外界因素的影响．当外界条件发生下列情况下，胃蛋白酶的活性变化的曲线正确的是（）17．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）物种多样性是指地球上动物、植物和微生物等生物的18．（1分）（2011秋•乐山期末）如图对燕麦胚芽鞘生长所进行的实验（图中锡箔套不透光，云母片不透水），能产生向光性弯曲生长的是（）19．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）2000年6月22日，我国生物胚胎专家张涌顺利接生了一只雌性体细胞克隆山羊“阳阳”（甲）；“阳阳”成年后经与世界首批胚胎克隆山羊自然受孕，于2001年8月8日产下一对儿女，雄性叫“欢欢”（乙），雌性叫“庆庆”（丙）．以上产生甲、乙、丙的生殖方式分别是（）20．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）图a是某对同源染色体的，在某些外界条件作用下，图a染色体发生了变异（图b），则该种变异属于（）21．（1分）（2012秋•扬州期末）基因工程技术也称为DNA重组技术，其实施必须具备的四个22．（1分）（2015•青浦区一模）神经冲动在两个神经元之间传递时，以下生理活动不会发生24．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）南瓜的果实中白色（E）对黄色（e）为显性，盘状（D））25．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）有关如图的叙述，正确的是（）（1）①→②表示DNA转录（2）共有5种碱基（3）①②中的A表示同一种核苷酸（4）共有4个密码子26．（1分）（2009秋•西城区期末）如图是噬菌体侵染细菌实验的部分实验步骤示意图，对此实验有关叙述正确的是（）27．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）从表格中所述实验方法与结果中不能推出的结论或观28．（1分）（2014•成都模拟）科学家用水绵进行了如下实验：把载有水绵和好氧细菌的临时装片放在没有空气和光照的条件下一段时间，然后用极细的光束照射水绵不同部位，观测到一些部位有好氧细菌积聚，另一些部位则没有积聚（如图所示）．由此得出的结论是（）29．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）高茎豌豆（DD）和矮茎豌豆（dd）杂交得F1，F1自交2233为、、+×，显性个体﹣=30．（1分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）弓形虫中医叫三尸虫，是细胞内寄生虫（如图所示）．寄生于细胞内，随血液流动，到达全身各部位，破坏大脑、心脏、眼底，致使人的免疫力下降，患各种疾病．如果怀孕头3个月发生先天性感染，大约40%胎儿可能有严重的损害，出现流产、死胎或新生儿疾病，或者出生后有眼、脑或肝脏的病变或畸形，如视网膜脉络膜炎、白内障、脑内钙化、脑积水、小头畸形、智力障碍、黄疸和肝脾肿大．根据上述资料，下列叙述错误的数目是（）（1）弓形虫有属于真核生物，有染色体结构；（2）弓形虫体内葡萄糖的氧化分解的场所是线粒体；（3）弓形虫体内存在核糖体，其形成过程与核仁有关；（4）弓形虫属于寄生生物，因此弓形虫无法进行独立的代谢．6O2二、简答题（本大题共70分，每空格1分）31．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的基础如图是某种生物的细胞亚显微结构示意图，试据图回答：（1）该细胞是高等植物细胞，做出此判断的依据是此细胞具有[ 2 ] 细胞壁、[ 4 ] 叶绿体、[ 14 ] 液泡．（2）图中[2]的主要成分是纤维素和果胶．（3）提供细胞能量的“动力工厂”为[ 11 ] 线粒体．（4）图中[ 10 ] 核仁与细胞内[13]核糖体的形成有关．把氨基酸组装成蛋白质的场所是[ 13 ] 核糖体．（5）有双层膜的结构但又不属于细胞器的是[ 8 ] 核膜．（6）如果该细胞是低等植物细胞，则图中还应该有的细胞器是中心体．32．（9分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的物质变化与能量变化光合作用和呼吸作用是自然界物质变化和能量转化的基础生物化学反应．图甲所表示的是一株代谢平衡（无大量的蛋白质和糖类等生物大分子的合成与分解）的植株（光合作用产物均表示为葡萄糖）中的呼吸作用和光合作用过程．请据图回答：（1）图甲中，C表示生命的直接能源物质，则各个字母所指代的物质分别为：A 氧气 E NADPH G 丙酮酸（2）发生过程Ⅱ的结构为类囊体；过程IV所发生的细胞器主要为线粒体．（3）经过一段时间光照后，关闭光源，之后的较短一段时间内仍然发生的过程为Ⅲ、Ⅳ（填罗马数字）（4）图乙为叶绿体色素分离实验，则其中Z表示滤液细线，据图可知，其中S表示胡萝卜素，X表示叶绿素a ，其中可以吸收蓝紫光的色素是SUXY （填字母）．33．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的信息如图甲所示DNA可利用其上携带的遗传信息通过一系列的过程最终合成蛋白质．据图回答：（在中填写相应的数字编号，横线中填写文字）（1）图乙中方框内所示结构是图甲中[ ④]的一部分，其基本组成单位是核糖核苷酸（2）图甲中以④为模板合成⑤物质的过程称为翻译，进行的主要场所是[⑥] 核糖体，所需要的原料是氨基酸．（3）下列结构中（图乙），化学结构不同的一组是 BA.1和4B.2和3C.5和7D.6和8（4）从化学成分角度分析，与图甲中结构⑥的化学组成最相似的是 DA．乳酸杆菌 B．噬菌体 C．乳腺细胞 D．流感病毒（5）人体下丘脑可以通过上述图甲过程合成一种名为抗利尿激素（ADH）的激素，其成分是一种链状九肽，则ADH中含有的肽键数为8 ，至少含有氨基 1 个．ADH通过血液运输至肾脏，作用于肾小管细胞膜表面的（特异性）受体从而促进肾小管细胞对水的重吸收．34．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命的延续已知甲病是一种单基因遗传病，如图为患甲病的家族遗传系谱图（显性基因为A，隐性基因为a），且已知3号为纯合子，据图回答．（1）甲病的致病基因位于X 染色体上，属于隐性基因．（2）甲病可能是以下哪种疾病 BA．抗维生素D佝偻病 B．血友病 C．唐氏综合症 D．白化病（3）2号的基因型为X A X a．（4）若9号与10号生育子女，则子女患甲病的概率为．从优生学角度建议9号与10号生育女孩（男/女）．（5）11号的致病基因来自I中的1号．（6）若表现型正常的女性中含有a基因的概率为10%，则7号与8号生育子女患甲病的概率为5% ．（7）8号个体的细胞中含有的致病基因的个数不可能是 DA．0个 B．1个 C．2个 D．4个．病的概率为，且肯定是男孩，所以从优生学角度建议10%×=5%35．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）现代生物技术干扰素是治疗癌症的重要药物，它必须从血中提取，每升人血只能提取0.5μg，所以价格昂贵．现在美国加利福尼亚州的基因公司用如图的方式生产干扰素．试分析原理和优点．（1）从人的淋巴细胞中取出干扰素基因，一般可采用PCR 技术进行扩增，此基因在基因工程中称为目的基因．（2）此基因与细菌的质粒在重组过程中需先用限制酶和DNA连接酶进行处理，使其形成重组质粒，然后将目的基因移植到酵母菌体内．（3）为了明确干扰素基因在酵母菌体内能否发挥功能作用，从分子水平看，首先要检测其是否转录出了mRNA ，而要看本转基因实验是否成功的标准是能否表达出干扰素．（4）人的干扰素基因能在酵母菌中进行表达的原因是人和酵母菌共用一套遗传密码子．（5）科学家在培养转基因植物时，常用土壤农杆菌中的质粒做运载体．质粒是基因工程最常用的运载体，它具备运载体的条件：①能够在宿主细胞中复制并稳定地保存；②具有多个限制酶切点，以便与外源基因连接；③具有某些标记基因，便于进行筛选．36．（11分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生命科学基础实验与细胞分裂图甲和图乙表示某二倍体生物个体（2n=8）细胞分裂若干时期的示意图，据图回答：（1）由甲图可以推断，该生物的性别为雄性（雌性/雄性），理由是：图甲细胞（E）减数第一次分裂后期细胞质均等分裂．（2）图甲细胞分裂过程（B～F）表示的是初级精母细胞细胞的减数第一次分裂．（3）图甲中D细胞所处的时期染色体发生同源染色体分离，非同源染色体自由组合行为．（4）图中J细胞的名称是精细胞（5）细胞I中染色体数：染色单体数：DNA数为 DA.1：1：1B.1：2：2C.1：0：2D.1：0：1（6）若想观察到上述分裂图象，可以选用的生物组织是 DA．大肠杆菌 B．洋葱根尖分生区细胞 C．蛔虫基底层干细胞 D．果蝇性腺（7）在进行该细胞图象观察时，需要用醋酸洋红或龙胆紫对细胞中的染色体进行染色．（8）若欲统计该生物图中A细胞时期的比例，可以在显微镜下用样方法进行统计（如图丙所示），样方在选取时必须遵循随机取样原则，根据图示可以得出A时期细胞的比例约占．．37．（10分）（2014春•金山区校级期末）生物的进化：阅读以下文字并回答相应问题：当听到“进化”这个单词的时候，最先想到的人物就是达尔文．“物种起源”被称作达尔文的代表作，在“物种起源”当中，达尔文对于他的“自然选择”学说有详细的说明．根据达。
上海市金山中学高一英语下学期期末试题(含解析)
上海市金山中学2013-2014学年高一英语下学期期末（含解析）第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明一、单项选择（题型注释）二、完形填空（题型注释）The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two ______ systems on the whole.The ______ of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River _____ the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own _____. Then in Dang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture _____ went overseas to Japan, _____ into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same ______.When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was ______ on the Mesopotamian Plain ---- the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known ______ the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also ______ waters. When the colonists(殖民者) of England _____ in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't _______ from the European one a lot.At the same time, the difference of the language systems _______ the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.Other factors like human race difference counts as well. But what’s more, ______ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no _____ with the other.1．A. connectedB. separate C. ancient D. remote2．A. preservation B. development C. resource D. origin3．A. if B. until C. while D. as4．A. styles B. habits C. ways D. means5．A. hurriedly B. gradually C. unfortunately D. suddenly6．A. made B. emerged C. mixed D. applied7．A. culture B. nation C. influence D. system8．A. brought up B. brought out C. brought about D. brought along9．A. after B. as C. for D. of10．A. crossed B. drunk C. swam D. plunged11．A. touched down B. put down C. got down D. settled down12．A. evolve B. judge C. distinguish D. rise13．A. adds to B. results to C. turns to D. takes to14．A. as to B. as for C. as a result of D. in spite of15．A. impact B. difference C. connection D. familiarity【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A5．B6．C7．D8．A9．B10．A11．D12．C13．A14．C15．C【解析】试题分析：文章介绍东西方文化的起源和发展和它们之间的差异。
上海市金山中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第一次段考英语试题
I. Listening Comprehension（24%）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Relatives. B. Roommates. C. Colleagues. D. Neighbors.2. A. 7:00 B. 7:30 C. 9:00 D. 9:303. A. On the 6th of June B. On the 8th of JuneC. On the 9th of JuneD. On the 19th of June.4. A. On Thursday night. B. On Monday night.C. On Friday morning.D. On Thursday morning.5. A. Three B. One C. Four D. Two6. A. Looking for a timetable. B. Buying some furniture.C. Reserving a table.D. Window shopping.7. A. Cold and windy. B. Snow will be replaced by strong winds.C. It will get better.D. Rainy and cold.8. A. She has to study for the exam. B. She is particularly interested in plays.C. She’s eager to watch the new play.D. She can lend her notes to the man.9. A. Give the ring to a policeman.B. Wait for the owner of the ring in the rest room.C. Hand in the ring to the security office.D. Take the ring to the administration building.10. A. She made a mistake by taking too few courses in the first term.B. The courses she took were too difficult for her.C. She took too many courses during her first term.D. She found it difficult dealing with college courses.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They didn’t care. B. They hated it.C. They loved it.D. They had mixed feelings.12. A. There was not enough maintenance.B. People didn’t care whatever mess it might be.C. Because there were no effective regulations over visitors.D. Because it was constructed badly.13. A. It was more respected.B. More people used it.C. It was damaged by tourists again.D. It quickly got worse after Lincoln’s death.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （16%）Directions:R ead the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, (25) ________ huge rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew immediately I wanted to climb it. That (26) ________ (be) my life’s passion ever since —climbing the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my home.About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of waste, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empt y boxes, around the area. It’s (27) ________ me why visitors started respecting the place (28) ________ (little) and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.I tried picking up trash myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only (29) ________ (find) the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change.As a rock-climbing guide, I knew (30) ________ about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a cleanup. On that day, more than 300 people showed up. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to accomplish. I (31) ________ not believe the difference we made — the park looked clean!I often hear people complain about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining. We need to teach by example. You can’t blame others (32) ________ you start wi th yourself.(B)For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app (application).Strange (33) ________ it may seem —“my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it (34) ________ (introduce) at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week —Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install a large number of internet (35) ________ (connect) feat ures in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.This year, it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges(36) ________ can tell you when your groceries are going bad.The washers and dryers, available (37) ________ (start) in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application.Samsung says it’s not just something new —the app connection actually has some practical uses.“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time (38) ________ you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do — enable laziness. Rather than (39) ________ (get) up to check on (40) ________ the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15%）Directions: F or each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fit the context.The Internet affords anonymity (namelessness) to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 41 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved while bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 42 ?Last month, Howar d Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 43 to make the Web a safer place --- a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 44 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled into one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital certificate linked to a specific computer and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 45 a federation of private online identity systems. User could select which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 46 by the government.Google and Microsoft are amon g companies that already have these “single sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 47 just once but use many different services.48 , the approach would create a “walled garden” cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 49 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online dealings with 50 , trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the base on which the deal runs”.51 , the administration’s plan has 52 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 53 be a compulsory Int ernet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 54 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 55 . They argue that all Internet users should beforced to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.41.A. skipped B. swept C. walked D. ridden42. A. careless B. pointless C. lawless D. helpless43. A. reason B. proposal C. contract D. reminder44. A. information B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent45. A. dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve46. A. released B. sponsored C. issued D. delivered47. A. carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in48. A. In vain B. In fact C. In return D. In contrast49. A. trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing50. A. caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience51. A. Moreover B. Still C. Therefore D. Instead52. A. protected B. divided C. disappointed D. united53. A. frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually54. A. suspicion B. reliance C. indifference D. enthusiasm55. A. attackable B. manageable C. defendable D. invisibleSection B （15%）Directions:R ead the following passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed herself as she did nowhere else.After the death of her second husband, Greek shipping magnate (巨头) Aristotle Onassis, Jacqueline's close friend and former White House social secretary Letitia Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing. After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it. Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life. She became not less but more interested in reading. For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's editor，first at Viking, then at Doubleday, pursuing a late life career longer than her two marriages combined. During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books. Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes. She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversations into a book, The Power of Myth.The book went on to become an international bestseller. She dealt, too, with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography, Moonwalk.Jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations, but she soon proved her worth. Her choices, suggestions and widespread social relations wereof benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself. In the books she selected for publication, she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind. Her books are the autobiography she never wrote. Her role as First Lady, in the end, was overshadowed by her performance as an editor. However, few knew that she had achieved so much.56. We can learn from the passage that Jacqueline ________.A. became fond of reading after working as an editorB. gained a lot from her career as an editorC. promoted her books through social relationsD. was in charge of publishing 100 books57. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ________.A. Jacqueline ended up as an editor rather than as First LadyB. Jacqueline's life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editorC. Jacqueline was more successful as an editor than as First LadyD. Jacqueline's role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor58. The passage is mainly ________.A. a brief account of Jacqueline's career as an editor in her last 20 yearsB. a brief description of Jacqueline's lifelong experiencesC. an introduction of Jacqueline's life both as First Lady and as an editorD. an analysis of Jacqueline's social relations in publishing(B)Cafe HubNext to the Castle lies The Hub, home of the Edinburgh International Festival and one of the most talked about spots in town. Our cafe is open every day for mouth-watering lunches, snacks and fine dining. Come in and enjoy the atmosphere of The Hub or watch the world go by from our beautiful terrace.The Hub, Castlehill, Royal Mile, Edinburgh. Open every day from 9:30 a.m. till late.Tel: 0131 473 2067 Farm WorldEnjoy being "A Farmer for a Day". Join in delivering and feeding our spring babies ------ bottlefeeding sessions twice daily. Fun for all family. Horse Rides, BMX Bikes Cross Country Course, Tractor Ride through 600 acres, New Adventure Playground, Nature Trails. Full details on website.Open: May—Oct Wednesdays to Saturdays and daily during school holidays 11 a.m.--5 p.m.Tel: 01797 260256/260321 Enter the Europe-wide student competition!Are you curious, creative and energetic? Are you interested in the new media? Are you between 12 and 19 years of age? Then Join Multimedia 2006 is for you!Your challenge will be to build a team and develop a multimedia presentation in English -- based on one of three different topics. You can register between May 1 and June 15, 2006 and will have to turn in your entry before September 15, 2006.The rewards are wonderful: 150,000 in prize for schools and teams and the chance to attend a European student camp -- plus new experiences, an opportunity to make friends throughout Europe! For further information and registration forms go to: /join_multimedia.59.According to the passage, there will be ________ rewards for the Europe-widestudent competition.A. only oneB. twoC. threeD. four60. You can visit Farm World ________.A. on Monday in MayB. at 10:30 a.m. during school holidaysC. any day in OctoberD. at 2 p.m. at Christmas61. You'll have to register first if you want to ________.A. enjoy delicious foodB. try Tractor Ride through 600 acresC. watch the world go by from the beautiful terraceD. enter the Europe-wide student competition62. From the advertisements above, we can learn that ________.A. Cafe Hub is a popular place in the local areaB. families can enjoy Horse Rides on New Adventure PlaygroundC. Farm World provides lunches, snacks and fine diningD. the Europe-wide student competition will be held on June 15, 2006(C)Announcing recently that he would send proposals on reducing gun violence in America, President Obama mentioned a number of sensible gun-control measures. But he also said earlier that gun violence was a complex problem that would require a complex solution and gun control, therefore, was far from the only answer.America is a gun heaven. Around 11,000 deaths were caused by guns last year. In contrast, Britain has about 50 gun killings a year. Many people believe that America is simply a more violent, individualistic society. But the only field in which the U.S. rate is surprisingly higher seems to be the gun killings. For all the other crimes —theft, robbery, attack—the United States is within the range of other advanced countries.Is America’s popular culture the cause? This is highly unlikely, as largely the same culture exists in other rich countries. Youth in Britain, for example, are exposed to almost the same cultural influences as in the United States. The Japanese are at the cutting edge of the world of video games, most of which touch on violence. Yet the rates of gun shooting in these two countries are a tiny fraction of America’s. At the same time, Britain and Japan both have perhaps the tightest regulations of gun. As for America, the country has far more permissive gun laws. With 5 percent of the world’s population, the United States has 50 percent of the guns.There are always evil or weak-minded people, who might be influenced by popular culture. But how can government identify the darkest thoughts in people’s minds before they have taken any action? Certainly those who urge all-rounddemocracy would not allow government to monitor thoughts, forbid free expression, and ban the sale of information and entertainment in exchange for bodily safety. Then why not do something much simpler and that has been successful: limit access to guns? America is in desperate need of a real ban, not another toothless ban, full of exceptions, which the gun lovers would use to claim that such bans don’t reduce violence.63. In the first paragraph President Obama ________.A. regarded loose gun control as the single reason for gun violenceB. believed America’s gun laws had nothing to do with gun violenceC. thought many reasons accounted for the gun violence in AmericaD. thought gun violence was far from the only problem America faced64. Cultural influence is not the main reason for gun violence because ________.A. nations of similar cultural background have lower rates of gun shooting than the U.S.B. cultural influences usually cause theft or robbery rather than gun firingC. Americans are not influenced by violent video games as Japanese areD. Americans are rarely influenced by popular culture65. In the passage, the author mainly discusses ________.A. President Obama’s lack of courage and poor leadersh ipB. the crime rates of different countries of similar cultural backgroundC. the main cause of gun violence in American and the solutionD. the comparison between losing democracy and bodily safety第II卷（共30分）I. Translation （15%）Directions:T ranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他花了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
mxt-(英语)汕头市金山中学高二下学期期末考试
汕头市金山中学高二下学期期末考试英语一、听取信息（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）听一段独白，请根据题目要求，从听到的内容中获取必要的信息完成第1至10题。
独白读两遍，听录音和答题时间约为5分钟。
二、单项填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）11. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ______________ could be life’s most importantdecision — marriage — almost entirely up to luck.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. The __________ rate has been rising in the past decade in China，________ is reported in a recent survey.People find it hard to maintain their marriage.A. divorce; asB. divorce; itC. disconnection; whichD. separation; what13. ____ the rising birth rate and immigration, the declining death rate also ____ the population growth.A. In consequence of; causedB. In addition to; resulted inC. In terms of; resulted fromD. In spite of; accounted for14. By no means __________ to her parents.A. this is the first time has she liedB. this is the first time does she tell a lieC. is this the first time she has liedD. is this the first time she was lying15. The _______ income of the common people has been greatly increased in the past thirty years ______ thereform and opening-up policy in China.A. regular; becauseB. usual; thanks toC. normal; on an account ofD. annual; owing to16. Among the winners _________ father is seriously ill in hospital.A. stand little Tom whoB. stood little Tom whomC. little Tom stands whoseD. stands little Tom whose17. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _________ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. how18. After gaining my Ph D，_____________________.A. the diploma will qualify me for the job of working in the universityB. it is likely for me to be employed by the universityC. I will be employed by the universityD. the university will employ me19. A student of Fudan University ___ Huang Yang, was reported ____ by his roommate, ______ the wholenation.A. named; to have been poisoned; which shockedB. naming; being poisoned; shockingC. named; to be poisoned; shockedD. named; poisoned; as shocked20. Our new first lady, Peng Liyuan, universally ________ to be fabulous and reflect the image of a large country,_________ to show more concern about the interests of the people.A. regarded; was expectedB. considered; having expectedC. acknowledged; is expectedD. seen; to expect三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市金山中学2012-2013学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.pdf
第I卷（共105分） I. Listening Comprehension（30%）Section A Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a libraryB. Under a big chairC. In his officeD. Under a big tree 2. A. 8:05 a.m.B. 9:30 a.m.C. 7:30 a.m.D. 11:30 a.m. 3. A. Boss and secretaryB. ClassmatesC. Husband and wifeD. Teacher and student 4. A. She wants to get some sleep.B. She has had too much coffee.C. She needs time to write a paper.D. She has a literature class to attend. 5. A. See a doctorB. Stay in bed for a few days.C. Get treatment in a better hospital.D. Make a phone call. 6. A. To paint it grey and draw a duck on it. B. To paint it white and write something on it. C. To paint is white and put up some drawings. D. To pain it grey and do some drawings on it. 7. A. Have a restB. Take two weeks offC. Continue his work outdoors.D. Go to the park with the woman. 8. A. She also has a dictionary of this kind. B. She didn’t know the man was good at writing. C. She isn’t surprised at the man getting the prize. D. The dictionary is so marvelous that she want to have it. 9. A. The 2:30 train has a dining car. B. The man prefers to take the 2:30 train. C. The 2:00 train will reach Washington earlier. D. They are going to have some fast food on the train. 10. A. He was seriously injured in a car accident. B. He was absent all week because of sickness. C. He called to say that his wife had been injured. D. He has to be away from school to look after his wife.. Section B Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. By getting organized.B. By finding a hobby.C. By setting clear goals.D. By making new friends. 12. A. Saving money.B. Joining clubs more easily.C. Fighting against boredom.D. Achieving clubs more easily. 13. A. Employees.B. Parents.C. Students.D. Teachers. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. They strongly follow family rules. B. They are very likely to succeed in life. C. They are in the habit of obeying their parents. D. They tend to take responsibility for themselves. 15. A. They grow up to be funny and charming. They tend to be smart and strong-willed. They often have a poor sense of direction. They get less attention from their parents. 16. A. They usually don’t follow family orders. They are less likely to be successful in life. They tend to believe in their parents’ ideas. They don’t like to take chances in their lives. Section C Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. Each conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Where is the man thinking of going? 17 _____.For which holiday was the man thinking of going there?For 18 ____.When does the rainy season end?Around 19 ___.What does the woman enjoy doing there?Lying on the 20 ___ .Complete the form. Write ONE WORD OR NUMBER for each answer. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Which agency is looking for a translator?The 21 Agency.What language is the English translator supposed to work from? 22 __ .How many years’ experience as a translator is required? 23 years.What are other requirements?A lively and inquiring mind, effective 24_____ and the ability to work individually or in a plete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （ 25%） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. The last time we had a family reunion was ________ my brother’s wedding ceremony four years ago.A. overB. atC. onD. in 26. — Do you often talk with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? — __________ . I like using QQ.A. NoneB. EitherC. AnyD. Neither 27. ---This is the first time that I have seen you in this neighbourhood! --- I ________ here only last week.A. movedB. moveC. had movedD. am moving 28. China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games, which are almost ______ those of the Sydney Olympic Games.A. twice as many asB. as many as twiceC. as much as twiceD. twice as much as 29. ---Look! The girl passing by must be a newcomer! ---No, she _______ be a newcomer. I’m sure it is at least one year since she came to live here.A. shouldn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. oughtn’t 30. His ability has never been in doubt----the question is ___________ or not he is prepared to work hard.A. thatB. ifC. whereD. whether 31. Standing on the top of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, ______ a good bird’seye view of Shanghai city.A. it will beB. you will getC. there will beD. it will have 32. I’m only brave when I have to be. __________ doesn’t mean you go looking for trouble.A. To have been braveB. Having been braveC. Being braveD. Be brave 33. Considering that she did her work ______ her manager had instructed, it was not proper to criticize her.A. asB. untilC. when D .though 34. The Spring Festival is our traditional festival, __________ people usually visit their friends and relatives.A. for whichB. to whichC. during whichD. about which 35. __________ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked 36. During the 1960s, songs about winter ___________ by many famous rock groups were popular among people of different ages.A. releasedB. being releasedC. releasingD. having been released 37. Passengers on board aren’t allowed _____ calls during take-off.A. making or receivingB. having made or receivedC. to have made or receivedD. to make or receive 38. Do you know ______________ had reported the accident to the police?A. who it was thatB. who was it thatC. it was who thatD. that it was who 39. More and more Chinese people follow the practice ______ they will travel to various scenic spots to enjoy the scenery in their leisure time.A. whetherB. whichC. whereD. that 40. ______________ that my dearest friend would play a trick on me in front of all my students.A. Never I thoughtB. Never did I thinkC. I thought neverD. Never thought I Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. rootsB. butC. coveredD. reproduceE. energyF. probablyG. gainingH. surroundingI. suppliedJ. life Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has existed in the water for perhaps as much as 3,000 million years. When we think of the first 41 on land, we 42think of strange animals coming out of the oceans, but, in fact, no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They 43 the first land animals with the 44 and food necessary, since they ---the plants are the only form of life that is able to get and store 45 . The first plants to exist out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae （ 藻类 ）which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground and needed water in which to 46 . Once the move to land has been made, however, evolution took place quickly. By the end of 100 million years, plants had developed their 47 , and some have got tree-like forms since height was very importantin 48 sunlight. About 300 million years ago, much of the world was 49 with forests of huge trees. In most ways they were like modern trees. They had roots, leaves, wood, but mostly they had not developed seeds. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When I was a college student, I did a lot of travelling abroad. That was because a professor 50 me to do so. She said,ow is the time for you to travel around the world, 51 your knowledge through actual experiences and have fun!?I agreed with ceher. Since I started to work for a 52 company, however, I have done most of my travellling through the Internet. By using the Internet, I have seen the sights of many cities on my computer screen. And I have really made business 53 , too. With the help of the Internet, I have also got 54 about food in different countries. Therefore, I was beginning to feel that actual trips were 55 necessary when I happened to read afamous chef’s comment on the Internet. He said,t is very difficult to have real Italian food in a foreign country, because we enjoy food and the atmosphere around us at the same time. So why don ’t you fly over to Italy and enjoy real Italian 56 Those words reminded me of my 57 advice. As information technology 58 ,you might be able to do without making some real trips. But this also means that you will miss the various 59 you ca n get from travelling. Today there are people who 60 direct communication with others and spend much of their time on the Internet. It is not surprising to see a group of people 61 not with each other but into their micro phones. It seems as if such people are 62 by an invisible wall. They seem to be losing out on a good chance to 63 and talk with other people. I do not think that they are taking good advantage of information technology. We should use information technology as a tool to make our daily communication more fruitful. However, we should never let it 64 our time for face-to-face communication. Let’s make use of information technology more wisely, and have great fun in experiencing the actual world. 50. A. promisedB. allowedC. hurriedD. encouraged 51. A. build upB. useC. practice D. exchange 52. A. computerB. food C. clothingD. machine 53. A. plansB. bargainC. progressD. trips 54. A. informationB. tasteC. cooksD. feelings 55. A. even moreB. no longerC. muchD. actually 56.A. shoesB. dishesC. customersD. situations 57.A. friend’sB. parents’C. professor’sD. boss’ 58.A. producesB. advertisesC. formsD. advances 59.A. newsB. pleasuresC. troublesD. places 60.A. avoidB. keepC. loseD. enjoy 61.A. meetingB. talkingC. communicatingD. travelling 62.A. stoppedB. metC. surroundedD. hurt 63.A. look atB. employC. travelD. meet 64.A. spareB. increaseC. reduceD. make use of Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson, Arizona. He moved there a few years ago, and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends. My earliest memories of my father are a tall, handsome, successful man devoted to his work and his family, but uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard. On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We talked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate on the street table, and laughed over my son’s funny facial expressions. Gone was my father’s critical (挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before? The next day dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I’m at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, I’m delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was. 65. Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult?A. He was silent most of the time.B. He was too proud of himself.C. He did not love his children.D. He expected too much of her. 66. When the author went out with her father on weekend, she would feel .A. nervousB. sorryC. tiredD. safe 67. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?A. More critical.B. More talkativeC. Gentle and friendly.D. Strict and hard-working. 68. The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to .A. the author’s sonB. the author’s fatherC. the friend of the author’s fatherD. the café owner B Attractions in Wisconsin Wisconsin Historical Museum 30 N. Carroll Street on Madison’s Capital Square Discover Wisconsin’s history and culture on four floors of exhibits. Open for public program. Admission is free. Open Tuesday through Saturday, 9:00am---4:00pm. ( 608 ) 264-6555 Swiss Historical Village 612 Seventh Ave., New Glares The Swiss Historical Village offers a delightful look at pioneer life in America’s heartland.14 buildings in the village give a full picture of every day life in the nineteenth-century Midwest. Tue.---Fri., May 1st ---October 31st , 10:00am---4:00pm. Admission is $20 ( 608 ) 527-2317 Artisan Gallery & Creamery Cafe` 6858 Paoli Rd., Paoli WI One of the largest collections of fine arts and crafts in Wisconsin. Over 5000 sq. ft. of exhibition space in a historical creamery. While visiting enjoy a wonderful prepared lunch at our cafe` overlooking the Sugar River. Just minutes from Madison! Gallery open Tue.—Sun.,10:00am—5:00 pm Cafe` open Wed.—Sat, 11:00 am—3:00 pm Sun. brunch with wine, 10:00---3:00 pm ( 608 ) 845-6600 Christopher Columbus Museum 239 Whitney St., Columbus World-class exhibit ---2000 quality souvenirs marking Chicago’s 1893 World Columbus Exhibition. Tour buses are always welcome. Open daily, 8:15 am—4:00 pm ( 608 ) 623-1992 ( )69.Where can you go for a visit on Monday?A. Wisconsin Historical MuseumB. Swiss Historical VillageC. Artisan Gallery & Creamery Cafe`D. Christopher Columbus Museum ( )70.Where can visitors have lunch?A. At Wisconsin Historical MuseumB. At Swiss Historical VillageC. At Artisan Gallery & Creamery Cafe`D. At Christopher Columbus Museum ( )75.We can learn from the text that_________. Swiss Historical Village is open for half a year. Christopher Columbus Museum overlooks a river. Tickets are needed for Wisconsin Historical Museum Artisan Gallery & Creamery Cafe are open daily for 4 hours. C Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the website you’ve visited or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping calling habits In fact, it’s likely that some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen. Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself partly to friends, family and lovers at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to know who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret. The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”. When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. 60 percent of respondents say they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”. But people say one thing and do another. Only a small number of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. Privacy economist Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will give up personal information like social security numbers just to get their hands on a 50-cents-off coupon. But privacy does matter－at least sometimes. It’s like health: when you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it. 72. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? A. Friends should open their hearts to each other. B. Friends should always be faithful to each other. C. There should be a distance even between friends. D. There should be fewer arguments between friends. 73. Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”? A. Modern society has finally developed into an open society. B. People leave traces around when using modern technology. C. There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs. D. Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities. 74. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that _____. A. people will make every effort to keep it B. its importance is hardly understood C. It is something that can easily be lost D. people don’t value it until they lose it 75. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Value your health. B. Treasure your privacy. C. Boundaries are important between friends. D. The information age has its own shortcomings. Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A - F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. Building Trust B. Approval and encouragement C. Communication D. Belonging and Acceptance E. The importance of relationship F. Being responsible 76.Relationships are an important part of your life. Relationships help you meet your social and emotional needs. They help you feel accepted and liked by others. The feelings you have about yourself and others depend on how well these needs are met. 77.One of the most important things in life is to be loved and accepted by others. This gives you a feeling of security. You feel secure when you know you can count on family and friends to love and to accept you the way you are. You add to your feeling of security by making others feel loved. Helping people you care about makes you feel giving and unselfish. 78.Think about how good you feel when someone compliments or thanks you. “What a good job” or “I appreciate your help” are comments that you like to hear about yourself. Such comments make you feel worthwhile. Naturally you feel happy when you receive a compliment. Likewise, you can compliment your family members or friends on their accomplishments. 79.Learn to express your thoughts clearly and listen to what others say. Talk things over with your family and friends. Share your hopes and dreams. Express your joys and frustrations. When family members and friends are talking, take time to listen to what they are saying. Give them clues that show you are listening, such as a nod of approval or a smile. 80.Another relationship skill that helps people get along with one another is trust. To earn trust you need to show parents, adults, and friends that you can handle new experiences and responsibilities. Being honest and truthful with people can also help you. Section D Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. The library is one of the most popular places at a Western university. Students turn to it for research, conversations about class, and many other services. Compared with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources. A graduate student at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time. In addition to borrowing books, there are online and electronic resources. These include a database (数据库) search of popular and academic material, such as LexisNexis Academic, which offers items from newspapers and magazines. Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently, some libraries provide video recordings. At some schools, teachers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs on the library Web to give easier access for students. Another useful service in Western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan. This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school. The loan request is made through the student’s college library, which gets the book, gives it to the user, and arranges for its return. Technology has made libraries more attractive. Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer. Earlier this year, Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service, allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles. Requests made through the system are handled bylibrary staff. The student receives an e-mail with an Internet link to the scanned pages. The service is free and all material comes within four days. It used to be that libraries didn’t allow food or drinks. But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a café so students can spend as much time as they want in the library. Additionally, some US university libraries are now all-night affairs, or have at least one study room open all night. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. In comparison with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK notonly_________________. 82. According to Paragraph 4 and 5, what are the two useful services for students in Western College libraries? 83. The purpose of Harvard University’s introducing a new Scan and Deliver service is to let__________________. 84. What have some US university libraries done for a change? 第II卷 （共45分） I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 志愿者经历让我受益匪浅。
上海市金山中学2015-2016学年高二英语下学期期中试题
金山中学2015学年度第二学期高二年级英语学科期中考试卷（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening Comprehension（30分）Section ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 4:45 B. 5:15 C.5:50 D. 5:452. A . At home. B. In a restaurant.C. In a car.D. On the street.3. A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife.C. Employer and employee.D. Mother and son4. A. Listening to some loud music. B. Testing the earphon es.C. Talking loudly on the phone .D. Preparing for the speech contest.5. A. Pick up his son from school. B. Meet the woman in her office.C. Work on a report.D. Prepare dinner for his son.6. A. She discussed the sports program with Mr. Wright.B. She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary.C. She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.D. She failed to reach Mr. Wright.7. A. To find out more about the topic for the conference.B. To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C. To get the conference schedule for the woman.D. To pick up the woman from the library.8. A. It can stand any crash. B. It is not as good as hers.C. It was once damaged.D. It is kept in good condition.9. A. She has been warmed to improve her working efficiency.B. She has been fired because of her poor performance.C. She has been promoted to a well-paid position.D. She has been dismissed due to the economic crisis.10. A. More sleep can get the man back onto the right track.B. Tiredness is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C. The man should spend more time outdoors.D. People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To work for Mr. Brown. B. To bake cakes.C. To take a training course.D. To go to Paris.12. A. By taking a cooking test.B. By writing to Mr. Brown.C. By making a delicious cake.D. By having baking experience.13. A. Popular. B. Optimistic. C. Experienced. D. Ambitious.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Great market demands for online buying.B. Benefits for businessmen and consumers.C. Group buying online——a new shopping model.D. Discounts and good services available online.15. A. By purchasing cheaper goods.B. By inviting others to buy together.C. By providing personal information publicly.D. By checking the conditions of sales carefully.16. A. Consumers g ain more benefits than merchants.B. There are many problems in group buying online.C. The group buying business is now in good condition.D. Group buying helps merchants to sell more products.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on you answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary.（26分）Section ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)The problem with much mobile technology is that it’s not really designed to be used while you’re actually mobile. The human brain can only pay attention to about three things at a time—— and concentrate effectively on just one of them. Even though the consequences of smart phone distraction are sometimes ____25____(amuse), they can also be serious.The number of children ____26____(admit) to hospitals after accidents in public playgrounds has climbed by about a third in five years, according to NHS data. Experts in both Britain and the US, ____27____ a similar rise has occurred suggest some of the increase may be a result of parents being too distracted by their phones ____28____ (take) care of their children properly.And now comes evidence showing that 11-year-old children are three times more likely to be hurt or seriously injured on the way to and from school than 10-year-old, since 11 is the average age at whic h children receive their first mobile phone, six times more likely to send a test ___29____ it happens.___30___ quarter of children surveyed admitted that they had been distracted by personal technology while crossing the road. “There is,”the report concluded, “a clear connection __31__ the use of technology and time of serious accidents withchildren.”（B）DC Hilton was one of the first Americans to find out that there was money to be made in the middle of the night. 52 years ago he bought a small restaurant on US highway 69, in Oklahoma. His main customers were truck drivers and traveling salesmen who drank coffee and ate cheeseburgers when they stopped ___32___(break) their journey.It was they ____33____ first tried to persuade Hilton to remain open all night. ___34___(think) about it for a while, he suddenly made up his mind. He took the door key and threw it across the road. He hasn’t closed the door ever since.Over the years his simple burger café has been expanded ____35____ a 24-hour roadside empire, with a 100-seat restaurant, a petrol station, a mini shopping market, a car park for mobile homes and all-night self-help laundry.Hilton was a pioneer in a 24-hour working trend, ___36___ has now caught on around the world. Today not only restaurants but also banks, supermarkets, mail-order firms, travel agencies and many other businesses are beginning to be open all night. But is this really a good thing?So far, a lot of research __37____(do) in America on the effect of 24-hour working, and there is growing concern about the long-term dangers of society that doesn’t sleep. Americans are said to be sleeping 20% less than ___38___ did 100 years ago, and 55% claim to suffer at least occasionally from over-tiredness. Several of the ___39___(bad) man-made disasters happened in the last few hours before dawn, when even the most experienced night-worker has difficulty ___40___(stay) awake. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Many of us grow up dreaming of becoming an astronaut. Ever wonder what it takes to be one？Take NASA for example.In order to catch NASA’s eye, would-be astronauts must not only stand out in required skills and pass physical and psychological exams, but also find unique ways to ___41___ them selves from the harsh competition.NASA’s requirements for becoming an astronaut have changed over the years. Originally, it ___42___ candidates with a military flight background, with at least 1000 hours spent in command of a jet aircraft. In 1978, however, NASA ___43___ its focus to a more varied group of astronauts: scientists and engineers with at least three years of experience in their respective fields.During the years of shuttle missions, everyone had a ___44___: some would focus on robotics, others on spacewalks or maintenance. To walk on the space station, astronauts must be able to perform all tasks, which encourage ___45___ to acquire different experiences. Jeanette Epps, an astronaut, studied aerospace engineering, worked at Ford Motor Company and took a job with the CIA before joining NASA, She says astronauts’ varied backgrounds __46____ to their ability to adapt and learn anything quickly.After ensuring that candidates are U.S citizens and that they satisfy ___47___ education and experience requirements, the selection committee enters a gray area. “We’re not really looking for one thing, just a good mix of things,” said Duane Ross, the manager for astronaut candidate selection and training.To the committee, candidates who take on ___48___ outside of the workplace demonstrate curiosity and energy. Many astronauts who don’t have a military background do hold a(n)__49____ piloting license. Some are enthusiastic mountain climbers, scuba divers or skiers. Other are musicians, dancers, or play competitivesports. Choosing to __50____ themselves to different, extreme environments counts as another way to stand out from the crowd.III Reading Comprehension（39分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists ____51____ when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience ____52____, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the ____53____ stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, ____54____ their life more.There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be ____55____. The customs may be different. The public ____56____ systems—the telephone, post office, or transportation—may be difficult to work out. The most simple things seem to be big ___57_____. The language may be difficult.Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock ____58____ most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who ____59____ had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same ___60_____ positions. They find themselves without a role, ____61____ without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying ___62_____ all the time. They want to protect themselves for the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of ____63____. This escape does solve the problem ofculture shock for the ____64____ term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and ____65____ experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.51. A. discover B. spend C. know D. use52. A. comes B. dies C. appears D. misses53. A. key B. second C. different D. last54. A. satisfy B. realize C. enjoy D. find55. A. unpleasant B. lovely C. warm D. reliable56. A. service B. society C. communication D. relation57. A. things B. ones C. problems D. questions58. A. exhausts B. surprises C. ruins D. meets59. A. seldom B. ever C. once D. always60. A. correct B. central C. competitive D. established61. A. almost B. nearly C. hardly D. mostly62. A. outside B. inside C. alone D. sleeping63. A. safety B. silence C. loneliness D. regret64. A. long B. short C. full D. fixed65. A. gaining B. offering C. making D. providingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.(A)“It seems likely that a caged elephant would miss the wilderness it was born into.” A six-year study revealed.British and Canadian scientists studied 4500 elephants in European zoos and compared them with elephants living in the wild. They found that wild elephants are healthier, live longer and reproduce more than those elephants in zoos.When it comes to living in a zoo, “many species do well but elephants don’t,”said Georgia Mason, one of the researchers of the study. Many animals live longer in zoos than they do in the wild. This isn’t surprising when you consider that zoo animals are not threatened by predators(掠食者), always have plenty to ea t, and have professionals on hand to care for them.When it comes to elephants, however, the situation is different. The world’s largest land animals live much longer in the wild than they do in zoos.Female African elephants born in zoos live on average for 17 years, while those in the wild make it to 56. “So far,”says Mason, “We’ve got 300 African elephants in zoos in Europe, and not one’s yet reached 50.”Asian elephants are the more endangered of the two elephant species. They live for about 19 years in captivity(圈养) compared to 42 years in the wild. A few wild Asian elephants have even made it into their 70s. In Kenya, 30 to 50 percent of wild elephants reach 50 years of age.Fatness and stress are likely causes for the giant land animals’ early death in captivity, Mason said.The researchers say that zoos do not offer enough space for animals that can travel as far as 48 kilometers a day. Too little exercise and too much food means captive elephants put on extra weight. The weight gain can lead to heart disease and other health problems.Being “caged” is bad for health, not only for elephants, but also for humans. Be careful not to become a “caged elephant”!66. Many animals live longer in zoos owing to the following reasons EXCEPT that ________.A. they are far away from the danger of being eatenB. they can be in a better mood thereC. they needn’t worry about their food at allD. they are taken good care of67. Which of the following may probably result in the early death of elephants in zoos?A. Stress and lack of delicious food.B. Loneliness and little space for activities.C. Lack of delicious food and enough exercise.D. Being stressed and over weight.68. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Zoos are not suitable for animals to live in.B. None of the animals live well in zoos due to lack of exercise.C. Compared with the elephants in zoos, wild elephants are healthier.D. Asian elephants can live longer than African elephants in zoos.69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The living conditions of animals in the world are worsening.B. Elephants can live a longer time in the wild than in zoos.C. All of us should take action to protect wild elephants.D. The places where wild elephants live are being damaged seriously.(B)When I was young, it wasn’t the parental love that filled my thoughts in the spring. It was baseball.I loved everything about the game —the crack of a bat, the excitement of chasinga ground ball across short green grass, even watching the games on our old black-and-white TV. Yet looking back now, nothing was quite as important to me as the annual ritual (老规矩) of playing catch with my dad.Dad was never much of a baseball fan, but as green leaves began to shoot on bare branches and warmth returned to the air, he would grab his old mitt (棒球手套) and head out to the yard with me just the same. There was something beneficial about playing catch with him, the hum of the ball as it sailed through the air, and the friendly pop as it hit the leather netting. We may have been 50 feet apart, but the flight of that ball connected us, forming as strong a relationship as any father-son talk ever could have.I was never the star of my Little League team, yet Dad never cared about that. Every year, he would be out there, waiting to field any false throw I sent his way.As I grew older, I realized that our game was a reflection of our relationship —that even if a problem didn’t involve a glove and a ball, Dad would always be there to handle anything I threw in his direction. His devotion to our springtime ritual showed his devotion to me — not only to my love of baseball but also to my life.I’ve often heard it said that “the devil is in the details.” Now I realize that in my relationship with my father, love was in the details.70. When the author was young, he didn’t care much about _______.A.the sound of hitting a ballB. the company of his fatherC.the joy of running after a ballD. the games broadcast on TV71. The author’s father practiced catching baseball with him on warm spring days, ________.A.having a father-son conversation with himB.killing time while doing some physical exerciseC.making him an excellent baseball playerD.giving him a guiding hand in his life72. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. a yearly celebration was held to start their spring baseball catching ritualB.the author and his father used to have a loose relationship with each otherC.the author fully realized his father’s love for him when he was youngD.the author’s father always stood by him whenever he was in trouble73. What is the passage mainly about?A.The same hobby shared between the author and his father.B.The way the author and his father used to spend spring days.C.The author’s sweet memory of his father’s love for him.D.The analysis made by the author about father-son relationship.(C)The death of languages is not a new phenomenon. Languages usually have a relatively short life span as well as a very high death rate. Only a few, including Egyptian, Chinese, Greek, Latin, have lasted more than 2,000 years.What is new, however, is the speed at which they are dying out. Europe’s colonial conquests caused a sharp decline in linguistic diversity, eliminating at least 15 percent of all languages spoken at the time. Over the last 300 years, Europe has lost a dozen, and Australia has only 20 left of the 250 spoken at the end of the 18th century.The rise of nation-states has also been decisive in selecting and consolidating national languages and sidelining others. By making great efforts to establish an official language in education, the media and the civil service, national governments have deliberately tried to eliminate minority languages.This process of linguistic standardizatio n has been boosted by industrialization and scientific progress, which have imposed new methods of communication that are swift, straightforward and practical. Language diversity came to be seen as an obstacle to trade and the spread of knowledge. Monolingualism became an ideal.More recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified （强化）the threat to “small” languages. A language not on the Internet is a language that “no longer exists” in the modern world. It is out of the g ame.The serious effects of the death of languages are evident. First of all, it is possible that if we all ended up speaking the same language, our brains would lose some of their natural capacity for linguistic inventive ness. We would never be ableto f igure out the origins of human language or resolve the mystery of “the first language”. As each language dies, a chapter of human history closes.Multilingualism is the most accurate reflection of multiculturalism. The destruction of the first will inevitably lead to the loss of the second. Imposing a language without any links to a people’s culture and way of life stifles the expression of their collective（集体的） genius. A language is not only used for the main instrument of human communication. It also expresses the world vision of those who speak it, their imagination and their ways of using knowledge. To safeguard languages is an urgent matter.74. Which of the following does not contribute to the death of languages?A. Colonial conquests of Europe.B. The boom of human population.C. Advances in science and industrialization.D. The rise of nation-states.75. What does the underlined word “stifles” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?A. boosts.B. fuelsC. imposes.D. kills76. The serious effects of the death of languages include all except that____________.A. people would fail to understand how languages originated.B. language diversity would become an obstacle to globalization.C. monolingualism would lead to the loss of multiculturalism.D. human brains would become less creative linguistically.77. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?A. To explain the reasons why languages are dying out.B. To warn people of the negative aspects of globalization.C. To call people’s attentio n to the urgency of language preservation.D. To argue how important it is for people to speak more languages.Section C （8分）Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than ten words.Millions of personal computers across the world are running at this moment, but most are using just a fraction of their full capacity to process information. Imagine what could happen if the spare power of these millions of machines were used to solve global problems.The organization Charity Engine attempts to do just that. It enables researchers and companies to use the extra computing power of thousands of personal computers. These companies pay a usage fee that goes to carefully selected charities.The computersCharity Engine offers a free app that has the user’s computer do research as a background task. The program runs automatically, without direction from the user. Each computer works on a small chunk of a larger project and sends back its results. The resul ts are combined to answer the researchers’ questions.The researchersCharity Engine mostly uses its computing power for companies doing scientific, medical or commercial research. For example, Rosetta@home attempts to help find cures for serious diseases by discovering the shapes of proteins. Another project, Einstein@Home, tests scientific theories. And another helps establishments in Africa such as universities search for ways to fight the spread of malaria.The CharitiesCharity Engine gives 50 percent of the profits from renting out com puting power to various charities. Each organization it supports has a good reputation for working in an area of vital importance. Most of them seek to address the primary causes of poverty while bringing short-term relief. These include Oxfam, a network of organizations in 94 countries. Another is CARE International, one of the three largest international aid agencies, which works in 87 countries. Charity Engine also supports Doctors Without Borders, which supplies medical care, and WaterAid, which provides safe water and promotes hygiene (卫生) in developing countries. Another of its charities, Sightsavers, works to prevent and reverse blindness through medicaltreatments and provides training for the blind. Charity Engine helps many other organizations as well.An added bonusCharity Engine returns the other 50 percent of its earnings to the people who made it all possible. The app users are entered into draws. Chosen at random, the winners receive thousands of dollars in prizes!Thanks to Charity Engine, computing power that would have gone to waste is fighting poverty and bringing healing and hope.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does Charity Engine help companies do?______________________________________________________________________________ 79. How does Charity Engine spend its earnings?_______________________________________________________________________________80. The computers selected by Charity Engine help researchers and companies through ______________________________________________________________________________.81. According to the passage, besides many organizations, Charity Engine mostly supports______________________________________________________________________________.第II卷(共47分)I Translation （22分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 每天早上大声读英语对于我们学习语言很有帮助。
上海市金山中学2015_2016学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题
金山中学2015学年度第一学期高二年级英语学科期末考试卷（考试时间：90分钟满分：100分） 2016.1(答案一律写在答题纸上)第I卷（共75分）Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension (20%)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and t he question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He can use her dictionary. B. The dictionary is nowhere to be found.C. He is not allowed to use the dictionary.D. She wants to help the man.2. A. $50. B. $28 C. $14 D. $153. A. To the dinning hall. B. To a shopping mall.C. To a restaurant.D. To a bookshop.4. A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car. D. On foot.5. A. He is eager to go home. B. He enjoys the weather here.C. He doesn’t agree with the woman.D. He doesn’t miss his home.6. A. She has got over the stomachache. B. Her condition is improving.C. She hasn’t seen a d octor yet.D. She took the medicine by mistake.7. A. In an elevator. B. On a bus. C. In a taxi. D. On a boat.8. A. Sue didn’t plan to come to the party. B. Sue was always changing her mind.C. Sue w asn’t willing to attend parties.D. Sue enjoyed being alone.9. A. He suffered from a high fever. B. He didn’t want to leave his mother.C. He didn’t like hiking with his mother.D. He got hurt when coming down.10. A. She d oesn’t like having parties. B. She is ready to do anything.C. She would rather do something else.D. She isn’t willing to help others.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one short passage, and you will be asked threequestions on the passage. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Write down every word. B. Learn everything by heart.C. Make an outline of important points.D. Keep every sentence in mind.12. A. Keep eye contact with your audience. B. Keep yourself straight while standing.C. Pause after an important point.D. Refer to your notes quite often.13. A. To emphasize one’s points. B. To relieve your nervousness.C. To hold audience’s interest.D. To make your speech vivid. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. How to improve listening ability.B. How to develop reading ability.C. How to write better English and read fast.D. How to improve spoken English.15. A. It’s better to have a dictionary at hand.B. It’s better to choose a good radio set.C. It’s better read the news in Chinese first.D. It’s better not to look up words in a dictionary.16. A. Listening is more important than reading and writing.B. Start the second book even if you don’t understand the first.C. Don’t try to run before you can walk.D. Special English is too difficult for English learners.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabulary（25%）Section A (16%)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)There was this wise teacher who took all his students for tea. They were surprised that all the cups on the table were different. They all took a cup and thought of ___(21)___ (drink) their tea, each looking at the cups of others. The teacher let them do that for a while and then said: “Do you notice your behavior? You are all looking at each other’s tea cup and I ____(22) ___ see some of you who have the chipped (有残缺的) ones are even envious of the finer cups of others. Is this not so?” The students agreed, for they ___(23)___ (amuse) by their own behavior. “I put them there on purpose, and you may probably wonder ____(24) ___ you all had different cups. You see, they are like life itself. Life is like that tea and the cups are like the physical circumstances of your life. You all got ___(25) ___ same thing in your cups — tea. And yet you cannot truly enjoy ___(26) ___ in your being envious of another’s cup. It’s quite similar to life. You forget to enjoy your own life just ___(27)___ you concentrate on being envious of the circumstances of someone else’s life.So now, close your eyes, and taste your own tea. Really taste it. And tell me — did it matter ___(28) ____ which cup it came?”(B)When the door of happiness closes, another opens, but often times we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which has been opened for us.Maybe God wants us to meet a few wrong people ____(29)____ meeting the right one so that when we finally meet the right person, we ____(30) ____ (know) how to be grateful for that gift.The best kind of friend is the kind you can sit on a porch and swing (荡秋千) with, never say a word, and then walk away feeling like it was the ____(31)____ (good) conversation you've ever had.It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know ____(32)____ we've been missing until it arrives.Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they'll love you back! Don't expect love in return; just wait for it ____(33) ____ (grow) in their heart but if it doesn't, be content it grew in yours. It takes only a minute to get a crush (痴迷) on someone, an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone, ___(34)____ it takes a lifetime to forget someone.Don't go for looks; they can cheat you. Don't go for wealth ; Even that disappears. Go for those people ___ (35)____ make you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Find the very one ___(36) ___makes your heart smile.Section B（9%）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As the beautiful holiday ends, a new semester comes. Most children have a difficult ___37___ making the back-to-school transition. As with any new or ___38___unsettling situation -- like starting school for the first time or entering a new grade or new school -- allow children time to adjust. Remind them that everyone feels a little ___39___ about the first day of school.Emphasize the ___40___ things about going back to school, such as hanging out with old friends, meeting new classmates, buying cool school supplies and getting involved in sports and other activities. It is also important to talk to children about what worries them and ___41___ comfort: are they afraid they won’t make new friends or get along well with their teachers? Is the thought of schoolwork ___42___ them? Ar e they worried about the bully from last year?Consider adjusting your own ___43___ to make the transition smoother. If possible, it is especially beneficial for parents to be home at the end of the school day for the first week. But many wor king parents just don’t have the free time. Try to arrange your evenings instead so that you can give your children as much time as they need___44___ during those first few days. If your child is starting a new school, ___45____the school the first day to arrange a visit. And ask if your child can be paired up with another student, and if you can be connected with other new parents. This will help both of you with the adjustment to new people and surroundings.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （10%）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When it comes to eating smart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term solutions. Just live a ___46___ life in a straightforward way that will serve you well for years to come.Smart eating is more than having a second thought about every bite of food you lift to your ___47___ “In the past we used to believe that certain amounts of individual nutrients（营养）were the key to___48___ health,” Professor Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association’s Nutrition Committee. “But now we have a different understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to ___49___ not only heart attack but also common diseases,” she adds.Scientists now focus on the bigger picture of the___50 ___ diet eaten over several days or a week rather than on the low count of this or that eaten at each meal.Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based mixture ___51___to good health. “The more we learn, the healthier we are by the good things they ___52___,” Van Horn continues, “and how they work together with each other to keep us healthy.”You’ll automatically be on the right heart-healthy road if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make up three quarters of the food on your ___53___ plate. Fill in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to ___54___clearly contribute to your health. Without a doubt, each of the small decisions you make in this can ___55___ your health in the years to come.46. A. lazy B. kind C. crazy D. simple47. A. nose B. head C. mouth D. eyes48. A good B. awful C. normal D. present49. A. cure B. prevent C. damage D. grow50. A. daily B. balanced C. vegetarian D. protein51. A. similar B. adequate C. senior D. necessary52. A. attract B. contain C. produce D. lack53. A. metal B. steak C. dinner D. soup54. A. preserve B. overuse C. taste D. avoid55. A. abandon B. beat C. influence D. signal Section B（14%）Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.(A)Even before my father left us, my mother had to go back to work to support our family. Once I came out of the kitchen, complaining, “Mom, I can’t peel potatoes.I have only one hand.”Mom never looked up from sewing. “You get yourself into that kitchen and peel those potatoes,” she told me. “And don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again!”In the second grade, our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod to the next. When it was my turn, I shook my head. Some kids behind me laughed, and I went home crying.That night I told Mom about it. She hugged me, and I saw her “we’ll see about that” look. The next afternoon, she took me back to school. At the deserted playground, Mom looked carefully at the bars.“Now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised. She stood by as I struggled to lift myself with my right hand until I could hold the bar with my other elbow （肘）. Day after day we practiced, and she praised me for every rung （横档）I reached. I’ll never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open.One night, after a dance at my new junior high, I lay in bed sobbing. I could hear Mom come into my room. “Mom,” I said, weeping, “none of the boys would dance with me.”For a long time, I didn’t hear anything. Then she said, “Oh, honey, someday you’ll be beating those boys off with a bat.” Her voice was faint. I peeked out from my covers to see tears running down her cheeks. Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears.56. Which can be used to describe Mom’s attitude when she made the child peel pota toes?A. Cruel.B. Favorable.C. Strict.D. Sympathetic.57. From the passage, we know monkey bars can help a child train ______.A. the strength and skill to hang and swayB. the speed of one’s hand movementC. the skill to throw and catch thingsD. the bodily skill to rotate round a bar58. What does the sentence “I saw her ‘we’ll see about that’ look” imply?A. Mom believed every aim could be achieved if you stuck to it.B. The race across monkey bars was not difficult enough for a child to give up.C. Mom was determined to prove she herself was better than the teacher.D. What the child had said brought Mom great attraction and curiosity.59. When the author looked down at the kids, they were standing with their mouths open because_______.A. they felt sorry for what they had done beforeB. they were afraid the author might fall off and get hurtC. they wanted to see what the author would do on the barsD. they were astonished to find the author’s progress(B)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an ani mal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.60. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured61. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.62. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animalssurvive?Section C (6%)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Most of the people experience the natural feeling of jealousy at some point in their lives when it comes to romance. Some people feel it more strongly than others and some even suffer from the feeling to the extent that jealousy starts consuming them. In some cases the feeling is justified and in others it is not. Frankly speaking, jealousy is a poisonous emotion, both for the person experiencing it and for their partner.For the most part, jealousy is a byproduct of one’s own problems with self-confidence and self-esteem. It is also about a deep fear of the unknown and of change, fear of being abandoned and of losing power or control in a relationship, and also the fear that the needs will not be met. Jealous people feel often very insecure and anxious about their worthiness, feeling that they might not be good enough for the other partner. They may feel threatened by good looks of other people comparing them to their own selves and worrying that the other part might leave them at any time. Whatever the reason is that caused jealous emotions, whether justified or not, the feeling can become a huge factor in disconnection between couples.Being in a relationship with someone who is very jealous, is very hard as in many cases it turns out that along with the jealousy suddenly comes control. A jealous partner wants to control everything the other part does, where they go, and who they communicate with. Sometimes extreme jealousy can also lead to physical violence. Violence will be harder to control as the relationship progresses, so if it started reaching dangerously high levels, it would be the best to break up, or if that is not manageable at that point, then there is a need to seek for help as soon as possible.So, how is it possible to prevent these ugly thoughts from appearing and from flooding one’s mind at all? The best thing to start with is to start communicating your feelings with your partner. It is important to ask them why they have chosen especially you and also tell them openly that you love them. You may want to explain also that because they are so important to you, you are feeling jealous and insecure about the relationship. There is a great chance that your partner will reassure you of the fact that he/she is in a relationship with you because of feelings for you only and not someone better to come along.63.What does the author think of jealousy?_____________________________________________________________________________64.Jealousy most probably implies a person’s lack of __________________________________65.Extreme jealousy is dangerous because __________________________________________(Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)第II卷（共25分）Ⅰ.Translation (15%)Section ADirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这张票能让你免费参观上海大剧院。