【期末真题·2018】福建省福州市仓山区2017-2018学年七年级下学期期末质量检测英语试卷
福建省福州市仓山区2017-2018学年七年级下学期期末质量检测英语试卷(满分100分;考试时间120分钟)一、听力部分(满分20分)I. 听句子, 选择与其内容相符的图片。
句子读一遍。
(5分)1.A B C2.A B C3.A B C4.A B C5.A B CII. 听对话, 听下面七段对话, 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。
(每段对话读两遍)听第1段对话, 回答第6小题。
6. How many geography classes does Mary have this week?A. ThreeB. twoC. Only one听第2段对话, 回答第7小题。
7. Where are they talking?A. In the supermarketB. In the bankC. At Lost and Found听第3段对话, 回答第8小题。
8.What is David doing now?A. Doing his homework. B Playing football. C. Cleaning his room听第4段对话, 回答第9小题。
9. How is the weather?A. It's windyB. Its rainyC. It's snowy.听第5段对话, 回答第10、11小题10.where does the woman want to go?A. a bus stop.B. a bankC. a school11.Which bus will the woman take?A. Bus No 12B. Bus no 110.C. Bus No 100听第6段对话, 回答第12、13小题12.How old is Tina?A. TwelveB. FourteenC. Sixteen13.What is Bills present?A. a watchB. A clock.C. An mP3听第7段对话, 回答第14、15小题。
14. When did Jim go to Jiuzhaigou?A. On august 5thB. On august 15th.C. On October 15th15. How long did Jim stay in Jiuzhaigou?A. A weekB. Two weeksC. Three weeksⅢ.听短文根据你所听到的短文内容, 完成下面表格, 每空填一词。
(短文读三遍)笔试部分(满分80分)知识运用(共三大题, 满分50分)I.单项选择(共15小题, 每小题1分, 满分15分)21.—What do you use the computer_____?—I use it to study EnglishA. forB. withC. to22. —_________—She is watching TV.A. What does Lily do?B. What does Lily like doing?C. What is Lily doing?23. How do you plan _______your birthday, AmyA. celebrateB. celebratingC. to celebrate24.—They were good friends before, but they ______like each other _______A. not; any moreB. don’t; any moreC. don’t: no m25. My birthday is coming next week. It's my _________birthday.A. thirteenB. the thirteenthC. thirteenth26. I________ read little English when I was 10, but now I read a lotA. can; can B could; could C. could; can27. My sister _________songs very well. She_________ an English song at my birthday party yesterday eveningA. sings; was singing B sings; sang C. sang, sang28.—Do you want me to help you, Tom?—No thanks I can make itA. myselfB. himself C yourself29.—Look at the sign, "No Parking”—Oh, sorry. I_________ see itA. don’tB. didn’tC. can’t30. Is there________ with your computer?A. wrong somethingB. something wrongC anything wrong31. My father is busy_____ in fallA. harvestingB. to harvestC. harvested32. Many people go to Tian' anmen Square to watch the national flag_____ every morning.A. put upB. go upC. get up33. You'd better________ on the bus. It's bad for your eyesA. readB. to readC. not read34. I saw an old woman________ in the park two hours agoA. drawingB. drewC. to draw35. They are new students and________ of them______ a new schoolbagA each; have B. each; has C every; hasII.完形填空(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)阅读下面短文, 从A、B、C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
There is a little girl. She is six years old. One day she asks her parents, "36 do you call me April?""Because you were born 37_April, "says her mother. The little girl is happy to know that. She likes her 38April likes the_39, too. Her parents40 have a birthday party for her in that month. All her friends come and have a great time at the party Last week, April got a little 41.Everyone came to visit her family. They talked about names for the 42 baby April43 know why they did this. She thought it's44 for her to give a name to the baby. He was born in February, 45we should call him February, she thought36. A. How B. Why C. What37. A. in B. on C.at38. A family B. clothes C. name39. A. day B. week C. month40. A always B. often C seldom41. A friend B. brother C. sister42. Anew B. lucky C. special43. A. can’t B. didn't C. shouldn’t44. A. boring B. easy C. difficult45. A so B. or C. AndIII.阅读理解(共两节, 满分25分第一节阅读下面四篇材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项(共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分)(A)New Years Party Do you dance well? Do you like singing?Come to our party to have a nice evening on our school playground this Friday. Time:8:00pm.-10:00pmMovie Nigh Place: school meeting roomDay: This Saturday*YouthTime:5-:00pm.-7:00pm*The Sound of music Time: 7: 30 p. m.9: 00 p.m.Stamp Show Do you like stamps? We have many kinds of stamps on shown the school hall from 9: 00 a m to 4: 30 p. m. this saturday and sunday.Class 3 VS Class 4Attention, please! There will e a great basketball game in the school gym at 9: 30 this Tuesday morning. Welcome to watch it46. We can go to New Year's Party this __________A. TuesdayB. FridayC. SaturdayD. Sunday47. There are movies in the school meeting room this SaturdayA. twoB. threeC. fourD. five48. Stamp Show is_________A. in the school meeting roomB. on the school playgroundC. in the school gymD. in the school hall49. There is a ______game in the school gym this Tuesday morningA. basketballB. footballC. singingD. dancing50. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The New Year's Party is from 8: 00 p. m to 9: 00 p.m.B. We can see Youth at 7: 30C. We can watch Stamp Show at 5: 00 p. m. this SundayD. The basketball game is between Class 3 and Class 4(B)I'm Wang Kai, a student in Hefei No. 5 Junior High School. At school, I learn manysubjects My favorite subject is science. My science teacher, Ms. Lee, is my friend Li Mings mother. She teaches us very well.I also like math because it's so interesting. I am good at(a k) it. My friends say I am clever, but I don' t think so. I just work very hard I like geography, too. I like learning something about people and places of different countries. I also like maps very much.I don't like English the class is very boring. We read a lot, sometimes write, but don't often speak or listen. I hope my English teacher can change his way of teaching English51.What is Wang Kai's favorite subject?A. ChineseB. ScienceC. Geography.D. English52. What can we know about Ms. Lee?A. She teaches EnglishB. She has a big familyC. She is Li Mings motherD. She likes her students53.Wang Kai is good at math because________A. he is cleverB. he works hardC. he can teach himself(他自己)D. his math teacher teaches well54. Why does Wang Kai like geography?A Because geography is easy.B Because his likes maps very much.C. Because he likes traveling very muchD. Because he likes leaning about people and places55. Which of the following words can be used in the blank?A. soB. butC. andD. because(C)This Thanksgiving Day, there was a heavy snow. Nobody(没有人)could come to visit Mary's family. She was not happy." It is not interesting" she thought. And their neighbors were not happy, either(也)I planned to go to my sons home, "said Mr. Smith." So I didn't make turkey."I planned to go to my sister's house, "said Mrs. Black." I made special bread, but no turkey.'I didn’t have turkey, either, said Ms Green Mary got an idea. She told it to her mother. Good idea!said her mother.Please come to my home for thanksgiving dinner, "Mary told her neighbors." We have turkey.The neighbors were very glad and went to Mary s home. There was lots of nice food John said, "OK. Give me a shopping ag now", neighbors Mary was thankful to share good food with her good Oh, dear. You dont need one. You can use your hat, his uncle said56.what was the weather like?A. windyB. RainyC. SnowyD. Sunny.57.Where did Mr. Smith plan to spend(度过)his Thanksgiving Day?A. His sons homeB. His daughters homeC. His sister’s homeD. His brother's home58.What's Mary’s idea?A. To make a turkey for her neighborsB. To invite her neighbors to have dinnerC. To visit her neighbors' home for dinner.D. To play games with her neighbors59.The underlined word "thankful" means________ in ChineseA.好奇的B.内疚的C.认真的D.欣慰的60.From the passage, we know that Mary is a________ girlA. luckyB. friendlyC. noisyD. special(D)Carson is 11 years old.In his friends' eyes, he is a child prodigy(神童).The young boy got1770 on his sat(美国高考), and he can speak some Chinese and play the piano. He even could read by age oneNow, Carson is a university(大学)student. He starts his new school life. He takes four courses at school. They are calculus, physics, history and religion. Every day, Carson goes to school with his mother, carrying his books as he walks from class to class. His mother tries to look after him anytime。
外研版2017-2018学年七年级英语下册期末试题及答案
2017-2018学年度第二学期期末考试试题英语听力部分(20分)Ⅰ. 听句子,选出与其意思相符的图片。
(每小题1分,共5分)(听两遍)Ⅱ.听对话,选择正确答案。
(每小题1分,共5分)(听两遍)()6. What club does Jane want to join?A.The swimming clubB. The music clubC. The art club( ) 7.What can Tom do ?A.Play the guitar B Play the piano .C. Play the drums( ) 8. What’s the boy’s last name ?A.WhiteB. GreenC. Black( ) 9.What does Paul want to learn about?A.H istoryB. ArtC. Music( )10. What can’t Helen do ?A.SingB. DanceC. DrawⅢ.听短文,选择正确答案。
(每小题1分,共5分)(听两遍)()11.What does Lily like doing?A.Playing basketballB. Watching TVC. Swimming.( )12. is cooking with her mother.A.AliceB. TinaC. Lily( ) 13. likes eating ice-cream.A. HenryB. TomC. Alice( ) 14. What is Tom doing?A.Playing computer gamesB. DancingC. Singing( )15. people are very happy today.A. FourB. FiveC. SixⅣ.听短文,写出所缺部分,每空词数不限。
(每小题1分,共5分)(听两遍)Dear Dr Know,I’m not happy. There are too many rules in my house. I have to get up 16 every morning and read 17 before breakfast. I can’t watch TV or 18 on school nights. I have to 19 after school . I have too much homework every day. I never have any 20 .What can I do ?笔试部分(100分)一、词汇(15分)A.根据句意及首字母完成单词。
福建省福州市第一中学2017-2018学年初三下学期英语期末试卷
福州一中初三下英语期末试卷(2017-2018)I. 听力(共三节,20小题,每小题 1.5分,满分30分)第一节听句子听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。
(每个句子读两遍)第二节听对话听下面七段对话,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。
(每段对话读两遍)听第1段对话,回答第6小题。
6.What will Bob do on Sunday?A.Do homework.B.Play soccer.C.Watch TV shows.听第2段对话,回答第7小题。
7.What’s the man doing now?A.Preparing for math exam.B.Watching a movie.C.Watching a basketball match. 听第3段对话,回答第8小题。
8.What is the girl expecting to get?A.A scarf.B.A hat.C.A coat.听第4段对话,回答第9小题。
9.What was Sam doing yesterday?A.Watching TV.B.Cleaning the living room.C.Watering the flowers.听第5段对话,回答第10、11小题。
10.When did Judy join the club?A.In September.B.In October.C.In November.11. What do the members sometimes do on weekends?A.Climb mountains.B.Draw pictures.C.Study geography.听第6段对话,回答第12、13小题。
12. Where did Alice stay during the trip?A.In the open air.B.In a hotel.C.In a farmer’s house.13. What does Alice think of the farmers there?A.Strong.B.Friendly.C.Strange.听第7段对话,回答第14、15小题。
2017-2018学年福建省福州市仓山区七年级(下)期中数学试卷(解析版)
2017-2018学年福建省福州市仓山区七年级(下)期中数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共7小题,共21.0分)1. 如图,长方形BCDE 的各边分别平行于x 轴或y 轴,物体甲和物体乙由点A (2,0)同时出发,沿长方形BCDE的边作环绕运动,物体甲按逆时针方向以1个单位/秒匀速运动,物体乙按顺时针方向以2个单位/秒匀速运动,则两个物体运动后的第10次相遇地点的坐标是( )A. (−1,1)B. (−1,−1)C. (−2,1)D. (2,0) 2. 在227、√2、3.14、√−273、π5这5个数中,属于无理数共有( )A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个3. 如图,点E 在AC 的延长线上,下列条件能判断AB ∥CD的是()A. ∠1=∠2B. ∠3=∠4C. ∠D =∠DCED. ∠D +∠ACD =180∘4. 下列各式表示正确的是( )A. √4=±2B. √(−2)2=−2C. ±√4=2D. −√4=−2 5. 已知一个数的算术平方根是7,则这个数是( )A. √7B. ±√7C. 49D. ±496. 点M (-2018,2018)的位置在( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限7. 下列各组数中,属于方程12x -y =6的解是( )A. {y =−6x=0B. {y =10x=−8C. {y =2x=3D. {y =−2x=3二、填空题(本大题共5小题,共15.0分)8. 如图,数轴上表示1、√5的对应点分别点A 、点B ,若点A 是BC 的中点,则点C所表示的数是______.9. 若√25.363=2.938,√253.63=6.329,则√253600003=______.10. 已知{y =3x=2是二元一次方程5x +my +2=0的解,则m =______.11. 小聪出校门向东走100米,再向北走120米到达阳光文具店,若以学校校门所在的位置为原点,分别以向东、向北方向为x 轴、y 轴正方向,1个单位长度代表1米建立平面直角坐标系,则阳光文具店的坐标是______.12. 如图,把一个长方形纸条按如图所示折叠后,若得到∠AOB ′=80°,则∠OGC =______度.三、计算题(本大题共1小题,共6.0分)3+|1-√2|13.计算:√16+√−27四、解答题(本大题共8小题,共58.0分)14.如图,直线AB与直线CD相交于点Q,P为两直线外一点,按要求完成下列问题.(1)过点P画出直线PE∥AB,交CD于点E;(2)过点P画出PF⊥CD,垂足为F;(3)连接PQ,三条线段PQ、PF、PE中,最短的线段是哪一条?依据是什么?15.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,A(a,0),B(0,b),C(3,4),且a、b满足√1−a+|2b﹣4|=0.(1)求a、b的值;(2)求三角形ABC的面积;(3)设点M在x轴上,且三角形ABM与三角形ABC的面积相等,求点M的坐标.16.如图,是大众汽车的标志图案,AD∥BC,∠A=∠B,根据几何知识完成下面推理过程.(1)求证:AF∥BE;(2)若∠BOD=3∠B,求∠A的度数.17.已知一个正数的两个不同平方根是a+6与2a﹣9.(1)求a的值;(2)求关于x的方程ax2﹣16=0的解.18.已知三角形A1B1C1是由三角形ABC经过平移得到的,其中A、B、C三点的对应点分别是A1、B1、C1,它们在平面直角坐标系中的坐标如下表所示:△ABC A(-1,0)B(2,0)C(4,5)△A1B1C1A1(3,2)B1(6,b)C1(c,7)(1)观察表中各对应点坐标的变化,并填空b=______,c=______;(2)在如图的平面直角坐标系中画出△ABC及△A1B1C1;(3)写出三角形ABC是怎样平移得到三角形A1B1C1的?x−2y=−319.解二元一次方程组{5x+6y=120.如图,∠1+∠2=180°,∠3=∠B,求证:EF∥BC,请你补充完成下面的推导过程.证明:∵∠1+∠2=180°(已知)∠2=∠4(______)∴∠______+∠4=180°(等量代换)∴DF∥AB(______)∴∠B=∠FDH(______)∵∠3=∠B(______)∴∠3=∠______(______)∴EF∥BC(______)21.如图,长方形OABC的两边OC、OA分别在x轴和y轴上,A(0,2),且2OC=3OA,若点P从点A出发,沿路线“A→B→C”方向运动,点P的速度为每秒2个单位长度,设运动时间为t秒.(1)直接写出点B的坐标______;当t=______秒时,点P的横坐标与纵坐标互为相反数;(2)试探讨:点P在运动过程中的坐标(用含t的式子表示);(3)当点P在边BC(点P不与点B、C重合)上时,且在x轴上有一点D(1,0),设∠BAP=a°,∠PDC=b°,∠APD=c°,请你在备用图中画出相应的图形,并判断a,b,c之间的数量关系,再加以证明.答案和解析1.【答案】A【解析】解:由已知矩形周长为12,根据两个动点速度和方向,可知,两个点每4秒相遇一次则第一次相遇点为(-1,1),第二次相遇点为(-1,-1),第三次相遇点为(2,0)之后两个点的相遇点在以上三个点依次循环由10=3×3+1则第10次相遇时两个点在(-1,1)故选:A.通过两个动点的速度和运动方向,结合已知数据,分别计算两个点相遇的位置,找到规律即可.本题时平面直角坐标系下的规律探究题,考查了行程问题和数形结合思想.2.【答案】B【解析】【分析】本题考查了无理数的定义有关知识,根据无理数是无限不循环小数,可得答案.【解答】解:属于无理数的有、这2个数.故选B.3.【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题考查了平行线的判定定理,正确识别“三线八角”中的同位角、内错角、同旁内角是正确答题的关键,不能遇到相等或互补关系的角就误认为具有平行关系,只有同位角相等、内错角相等、同旁内角互补,才能推出两被截直线平行.根据平行线的判定定理即可直接作出判断.【解答】解:A.根据内错角相等,两直线平行即可证得AB∥BC;B.根据内错角相等,两直线平行即可证得BD∥AC,不能证AB∥CD;C.根据内错角相等,两直线平行即可证得BD∥AC,不能证AB∥CD;D.根据同旁内角互补,两直线平行,即可证得BD∥AC,不能证AB∥CD.故选A.4.【答案】D【解析】解:A、=2,故此选项错误;B、=2,故此选项错误;C、±=±2,故此选项错误;D、-=-2.正确.故选:D.直接利用二次根式的性质分别化简得出答案.此题主要考查了算术平方根,正确化简二次根式是解题关键.5.【答案】C【解析】解:∵一个数的算术平方根是7,∴这个数是72=49.故选:C.根据算术平方根的定义计算即可求解.本题考查了算术平方根:一般地,如果一个正数x的平方等于a,即x2=a,那么这个正数x叫做a的算术平方根.记为(a≥0).6.【答案】B【解析】解:点M(-2018,2018)的位置在第二象限.故选:B.直接利用点的坐标特点得出点M的位置.此题主要考查了点的坐标,正确把握坐标特点是解题关键.7.【答案】A解:属于方程x-y=6的解是,故选:A.把x与y的值代入方程检验即可.此题考查了解二元一次方程,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.8.【答案】2-√5【解析】解:设点C表示的数是x,∵数轴上表示1、的对应点分别为点A、点B,点A是BC的中点,∴=1,解得x=2-.故答案为:2-.设点C表示的数是x,再根据中点坐标公式即可得出x的值.本题考查的是实数与数轴,熟知数轴上的点与实数是一一对应关系是解答此题的关键.9.【答案】293.8【解析】解:==×100=2.938×100=293.8.故答案为:293.8.将变形为=×100,再代入计算即可求解.考查了立方根,关键是将变形为×10010.【答案】4【解析】解:把代入二元一次方程5x+my+2=0,得10-3m+2=0,解得m=4.故答案为:4.知道了方程的解,可以把这对数值代入方程,得到一个含有未知数m的一元一次方程,从而可以求出m的值.考查了二元一次方程的解,解题关键是把方程的解代入原方程,使原方程转化为以系数m为未知数的方程,再求解.11.【答案】(100,120)【解析】解:由题意知阳光文具店在所建立直角坐标系的第一象限,其坐标为(100,120),故答案为:(100,120).根据描述得出阳光文具店在所建立直角坐标系的第一象限,再结合距离可得其坐标.本题考查了坐标确定位置:平面内的点与有序实数对一一对应,记住平面内特殊位置的点的坐标特征.12.【答案】130【解析】解:∵四边形OB′C′G由四边形OBCG折叠而成,∠AOB′=80°,∴∠BOG=(180°-∠AOB′)=(180°-80°)=50°,∵AB∥CD,∴∠OGC=180°-50°=130°.故答案为:130.先根据图形折叠的性质求出∠BOG的度数,再由平行线的性质即可得出结论.本题考查的是平行线的性质,用到的知识点为:两直线平行,同旁内角互补.13.【答案】解:原式=4-3+√2-1=√2.【解析】原式利用平方根、立方根定义,以及绝对值的代数意义计算即可求出值.此题考查了实数的运算,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.14.【答案】解:(1)如图,PE 即为所求;(2)如图,PF 即为所求;(3)PF 最短,依据:直线外一点到直线上所有点的连线中,垂线段最短.【解析】(1)过点P 作直线PG 与AB 相交,再以点P 为顶点,作一个角等于∠PGB ,得到角的另外一条边,与CD 交于点E ,据此可得;(2)过直线外一点作直线CD 的垂线即可得;(3)依据直线外一点到直线上所有点的连线中,垂线段最短即可得.本题主要考查作图-复杂作图,解题的关键是掌握平行线的判定、作一个角等于已知角、过直线外一点作已知直线的垂线的尺规作图等知识点. 15.【答案】解:(1)∵√1−a +|2b -4|=0,∴1-a =0,2b -4=0,解得a =1,b =2;(2)三角形ABC 的面积=4×3-12×2×1-12×3×(4-2)-12×4×(3-1)=4;(3)设点M 的坐标为(x ,0),则AM =|x -1|,又∵S △ABM =S △ABC ,∴12AM •OB =4,∴12|x -1|×2=4, ∴|x -1|=4,即x -1=±4, 解得:x =-3或5,故点M 的坐标为(-3,0)或(5,0).【解析】(1)由“+|2b-4|=0”结合算术平方根、绝对值的非负性即可得出a 、b 的值;(2)用长方形的面积减去3个小三角形的面积即可求出S△ABC的值;(3)设出点M的坐标,找出线段AM的长度,根据三角形的面积公式结合三角形ABM=三角形ABC的面积,即可得出AM的值,从而得出点M的坐标.本题考查了坐标与图形的性质、绝对值(算术平方根)的非负性以及三角形的面积公式,解题的关键是:(1)根据绝对值、算术平方根的非负性求出a、b的值;(3)根据三角形的面积公式得出关于x的含绝对值符号的一元一次方程.本题难度不大,解决该题型题目时,根据绝对值、算术平方根的非负性求出点的坐标是关键.16.【答案】解:(1)∵AD∥BC,∴∠B=∠DOE,又∵∠A=∠B,∴∠A=∠DOE,∴AF∥BE;(2)∵AD∥BC,∴∠B+∠BOD=180°,又∵∠BOD=3∠B,∴∠B+3∠B=180°,∴∠B=45°,∴∠A=∠B=45°.【解析】(1)依据平行线的性质,即可得到∠B=∠DOE,依据∠A=∠B,可得∠A=∠DOE,进而得出AF∥BE;(2)依据AD∥BC,即可得出∠B+∠BOD=180°,再根据∠BOD=3∠B,可得∠B=45°,即可得到∠A=∠B=45°.本题主要考查了平行线的判定与性质,平行线的判定是由角的数量关系判断两直线的位置关系,平行线的性质是由平行关系来寻找角的数量关系.17.【答案】解:(1)由题意得,a+6+2a-9=0,解得,a=1;(2)x2-16=0x2=16x=±4.【解析】(1)、(2)根据一个正数有两个平方根,这两个平方根互为相反数解答.本题考查的是平方根的概念,掌握一个正数有两个平方根,这两个平方根互为相反数是解题的关键,18.【答案】2;8【解析】解:(1)由A(-1,0)及其对应点A1(3,2)知先向右平移4个单位、再向上平移2个单位,∴b=0+2=2、c=4+4=8,故答案为:2、8;(2)如图所示,ABC及△A1B1C1即为所求:(3)由图知△ABC先向右平移4个单位、再向上平移2个单位可得△A1B1C1.(1)由由A(-1,0)及其对应点A1(3,2)知先向右平移4个单位、再向上平移2个单位,再根据平移的规律求解可得;(2)根据各顶点的坐标得出两个三角形;(3)由(1)的规律可得答案.本题考查了作图-平移变换:确定平移后图形的基本要素有两个:平移方向、平移距离.作图时要先找到图形的关键点,分别把这几个关键点按照平移的方向和距离确定对应点后,再顺次连接对应点即可得到平移后的图形.19.【答案】解:,由①得x =2y +3③,把③代入②得5(2y +3)+6y =1,解得y =-78,把y =-78代入③得x =2×(-78)+3=54.故原方程组的解为{x =54y =−78. 【解析】根据代入法可求二元一次方程组的解.考查了解二元一次方程组,用代入法解二元一次方程组的一般步骤:①从方程组中选一个系数比较简单的方程,将这个方程组中的一个未知数用含另一个未知数的代数式表示出来.②将变形后的关系式代入另一个方程,消去一个未知数,得到一个一元一次方程.③解这个一元一次方程,求出x (或y )的值.④将求得的未知数的值代入变形后的关系式中,求出另一个未知数的值.⑤把求得的x 、y 的值用“{”联立起来,就是方程组的解.20.【答案】对顶角相等;1;同旁内角互补,两直线平行;两直线平行,同位角相等;已知;FDH ;等量代换;内错角相等,两直线平行【解析】证明:∵∠1+∠2=180°(已知)∠2=∠4(对顶角相等)∴∠1+∠4=180°(等量代换) ∴DF ∥AB (同旁内角互补,两直线平行)∴∠B=∠FDH (两直线平行,同位角相等)∵∠3=∠B (已知)∴∠3=∠FDH (等量代换)∴EF ∥BC (内错角相等,两直线平行)故答案为:对顶角相等,1,同旁内角互补,两直线平行;两直线平行,同位角相等;已知,FDH,等量代换,内错角相等,两直线平行.先依据同旁内角互补,两直线平行,即可得到DF∥AB,再根据平行线的性质,即可得出∠B=∠FDH,进而得到∠3=∠FDH,即可依据内错角相等,两直线平行,判定EF∥BC.本题考查了平行线的性质和判定,补角定义的应用,能运用平行线的性质和判定进行推理是解此题的关键,注意:①两直线平行,同位角相等,②两直线平行,内错角相等,③两直线平行,同旁内角互补,反之亦然.21.【答案】(-3,2);1【解析】解:(1)∵A(0,2),∴OA=2,∵2OC=3OA,∴OC=3,∵四边形ABCO是矩形,∴∠BCO=90°,AO=BC=2,∴B(-3,2);①当P在边AB上时,0≤t≤1.5,AP=2t,∴P(-2t,2),-2t+2=0,t=1,②当P在边BC上时,1.5<t≤2.5,PC=2+3-2t=5-2t,∴P(-3,5-2t),-3+5-2t=0,t=1(不符合题意,舍),综上所述,当t=1秒时,点P的横坐标与纵坐标互为相反数;故答案为:(-3,2),1;(2)由(1)知:①当P在边AB上时,0≤t≤1.5,P(-2t,2),②当P在边BC上时,1.5<t≤2.5,P(-3,5-2t);(3)如图,结论:c=a+b,理由是:过P作PG∥x轴,∵AB∥CD,∴AB∥CD∥PG,∴∠BAP=∠APG,∠GPD=∠PDC,∴∠APD=∠APG+∠GPD=∠BAP+∠PDC,∵∠BAP=a°,∠PDC=b°,∠APD=c°,∴c=b+a.(1)直接写出点B的坐标,点P的位置存在两种情况:①当P在边AB上时,0≤t≤1.5,②当P在边BC上时,1.5<t≤2.5,分别根据点P的横坐标与纵坐标互为相反数,相加=0,列方程可得t的值;(2)根据(1)可得结论;(3)作辅助线,构建平行线,根据平行线的性质可得:c=a+b.本题是四边形的综合题,考查了坐标和图形的性质、矩形的性质、平行线的性质、动点运动问题,注意点P在运动过程中有两个位置,在AB上或在BC 上,采用分类讨论的思想解决问题.。
英语_2017-2018学年福建省福州市某校七年级(上)期末英语试卷真题(含答案)
2017-2018学年福建省福州市某校七年级(上)期末英语试卷一、单选.1. ﹣﹣﹣______ he American?﹣﹣﹣Yes. He comes from America.()A AreB DoesC DoD Is2. ﹣﹣﹣Do you have a sister?﹣﹣﹣___________.()A Yes, you doB Yes, I doC Yes, I am.D Yes, you do.3. Ellen _____ an old book and her brothers _______ many new books.()A has, hasB have, haveC have, hasD has, have4. What color _________ he like?()A isB doC hasD does5. _____ he have a big nose or a small one?()A DoesB DoC IsD Are6. I am sorry I ______ know her.()A isn'tB doesn'tC don'tD haven't二.根据句子意思,用is, are, am, do ,does, have, has填空.7. 根据句子意思,用is, are, am, do ,does, have, has填空.(1)I________ a Chinese teacher.(2)________ you from Canada?(3)________ they have many friends?(4)________ he from Hainan?(5)﹣﹣﹣________ Jack have a good friend?﹣﹣﹣Yes, he________.(6)________ he a good teacher?﹣﹣﹣ Yes, he________.(7)He and his sister________ in different grades.(8)________ your mother a doctor?(9)I________ an old friend. His name is Allan.(10)Kangkang________ a panda. It is very cute.(11)You________ a nice house. I like it every much.(12)Bruce Lee________ many books.(13)Do they________ fifteen apples?(14)Does Bruce Lee________ many friends in China?(15)Jerry________ a big nose.(16)He________ a map of Hainan. He doesn't________ a map of China.(17)﹣﹣ Does your father________ a wide mouth?﹣﹣ No, he________ not.(18)My friend, Li Ming________ only one sister.三、单选.8. ﹣﹣﹣Is that book __________?﹣﹣﹣Yes, it's __________ book.()A her, hersB hers, herC hers, hersD her, her9. Our books are here. ________ are over there.()A They'reB TheirC TheirsD Your10. She is a girl, ________name is Mary.()A sheB hisC herD she's11. ﹣﹣﹣______ dress is it?﹣﹣﹣It's hers.()A Who'sB WhoseC WhatD Which12. _______ color is yellow.()A It'sB ItsC Is itD Yours四、根据汉语写单词.13. 根据汉语写单词.(1)Could________(你)ask________(他) to call________(我)back?(2)Don't forget________(我们).(3)________(我们)would like to buy________ (他们).(4)Could________(你们)help________(她)out?(5)There's one dollar on the floor. Pick________(它)up.(6)________(他们)are friendly to________(你们).(7)________(我)like________(她)a lot.(8)________(她)brings________(他们)to________(我们).(9)Does________(他)give________(它)to________(他)?(10)________(他)does________(他的)homework on Sunday.(11)________(它)can't find________(它的)way home.(12)________(她)looks after________(她的)grandmother.(13)This is________(我的)pen. That's________(你的).(14)These coats aren't________(我的). I think they're________(你们的).(15)________(他的)jacket is blue.________(她的)is white.(16)﹣﹣﹣Whose bike is this?﹣﹣﹣It's________(他的).(17)Those are________(我们的)desks.________(他们的)are over there.(18)﹣﹣ Are these TV sets________(我们的)?﹣﹣No ,they're________(他们的)TV.五、用所给的动词的适当形式填空.14. He often________(get)up at half past six.六、重点句型和短语:练习:按要求改写句子.(每空一词)15. He is a good student.(否定句)He________a good student.16. We are in the same school.(一般疑问句)________ in the same school?17. Does she have a round face?(肯定回答)________,________.18. She is ________.(就划线部分提问)________?19. Her hair is brown.(同义句)She________.20. Do they have a big house?(否定回答)________,________.21. My sister has long legs.(一般疑问句)________ your sister________ long legs?22. His brother has two big ears.(否定句)His brother________two big ears.23. I have a big head.(否定句)I________ a big head.24. We have a good English teacher.(一般疑问句)________ you________ a good English teacher?25. His pants are black.(否定句)His pants________black.26. He has long hair (改为一般疑问句)________he________long hair?27. 你知道去图书馆的路吗?Do you know________?28. Her skin is ________.(就划线部分提问)________ her skin?29. The man over there is my uncle.(同义句)My uncle is________.30. The girl ________ is my sister.(就划线部分提问)________ girl________ sister?31. They look the same.(一般疑问句)________ they look the same?32. I know Jane.(改为否定句)I________ Jane.33. I like ________.(就划线部分提问)________you like?34. Those shoes are ________.(就划线部分提问)________ those shoes?35. He has a pair of new pants.(否定句)He________a pair of new pants.36. Does it look like a cat?(肯定回答)________,________.37. Her coat is ________.(就划线部分提问)________her coat?38. Whose is this jacket?(同义句)________ is this?39. The girl's shoes are ________.(就划线部分提问)________ the girl's shoes?40. This is________ bike.(就划线部分提问)________ is this?41. Are those men old?(变单数句子)________ old?42. Does he like an orange ?(变复数句子)________ like________?43. What does he look like?(同义句)What________ he like?2017-2018学年福建省福州市某校七年级(上)期末英语试卷答案1. D2. B3. D4. D5. A6. C7. am,Are,Do,Is,Does,does,Is,is,are,Is,have,is,have,has,have,have,has,has,have,have,does,has8. 略9. C10. C11. B12. B13. you,him,me,us,We,them,you,her,it,They,us,I,her,She,them,us,he,it,him,He,his,It,its,She,her, my,yours,mine,yours,His,Hers,his,our,Theirs,ours,their14. gets15. isn't16. Areyou17. Yes,shedoes18. Jones,What'shername19. hasbrownhair20. No,theydon't21. Does,have22. doesn't have23. don'thave24. Do,have25. aren't26. Does,have27. the way to the library28. yellow,Whatcoloris29. over there30. in red,Which,is your31. Do32. don'tknow33. light yellow,What color do34. white,Whatcolorare35. doesn'thave36. Yes,,itdoes37. yellow,Whatcoloris38. Whosejacket39. over there,Whereare40. Kangkang's,Whosecar41. Isthatman42. Dothey,oranges43. is。
福建省莆田市2017-2018学年七年级英语下学期期末试题(扫描版) 人教新目标版
福建省莆田市2017-2018学年七年级英语下学期期末试题2017-2018学年秀屿区七年级(下)期末英语抽测试卷笔试部分参考答案及评分说明Ⅰ. 第一节1-5 B C A C B第二节6-10 C C A A C 11-15 B A C B A第三节16. Beijing 17. cold 18. 15 19. Snowy 20. warmII.单项选择(15分)21-25CBBCA 26-30 BABCC 31-35 CBBCA评分标准:每小题1分。
III.完形填空(15分)36-40 BAACA 41-45 CAA CB评分标准:每小题1.5分。
IV.阅读理解(45分)第一节 A篇:46-50 DCBCD B篇:51-55 CCCDCC篇:56-60 BABCC D篇:61-65 ADDBA评分标准:每小题2分。
第二节E篇:66-70 CBDAE评分标准:每小题1分。
V.情景交际(10分)71. What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?72. which is the way to the bank?/where is the bank?/how can I get to the bank?73.I like English best./English is m y favorite subject./My favorite subject is English.74.Don’t play on/in the street.75.Thank you all the same.评分标准:每小题2分。
根据情景提示,按要求写出句子或将句子补充完整,得2分;写出关键词的得1分;大小写错误、拼写错误、语法错误的扣0.5分。
VI. 看图写话(每小题2分,满分10 分)76. Don’t swim in the river. /We shouldn’t swim in the river.77. There is a soccer/football under the table .78. I/She/He often go/goes to school by bus./I /She/He often take/takes a bus to school.79. I/She/He could ride a bike last year.80. He/The boy is singing now.评分标准:每小题2分。
2017~2018年七年级下学期期末试卷及答案【语文】人教(A)
【乙 】周 敦 颐 字 茂 叔 ,道 州 营 道 人 ,为 分 宁 主 簿 。 有 狱 久 不 决 ,敦 颐 至 一 讯 立 辨 。 邑 人 惊 曰 : “老 吏 不 如 也 。”部 使 者 荐 之 ,调 南 安 军 司 理 参 军 。 有 囚 法 不 当 死 ,转 运 使 王 逵 欲 深 治 之 。 逵 ,酷 悍吏也,众 莫 敢 争,敦 颐 独 与 之 辩,不 听,乃 委① 手 版② 归,将 弃 官 去,曰:“如 此 尚 可 仕③ 乎! 杀 人以媚④ 人,吾不为也。”逵悟,囚得免。
(二 )阅 读 《落 叶 》,回 答 17~21 题 。 (共 10 分 ) 落叶 贾平凹
①窗外,有一棵法桐,样子并不大的。春天 的 日 子 里,长 满 了 叶 子。枝 干 的,绿 得 深;枝 梢 的,绿得浅。虽然对列相间 而 生,一 片 和 一 片 不 相 同,姿 态 也 各 有 别。没 风 的 时 候,显 得 很 丰 满 ,娇 嫩 而 端 庄 的 模 样 。 一 早 一 晚 的 斜 风 里 ,叶 子 就 活 动 起 来 ,在 天 幕 的 衬 托 下 ,看 得 见 那 叶 背 面寥寥的绿的脉络,像无数的彩蝴蝶落在那里,翩 翩 起 舞;又 像 一 位 少 妇,丰 姿 绰 约 的,做 一 个 妩媚的笑。
8.上 面 的 第 二 幅 图 片 拍 摄 于 某 家 具 商 店 。 你 想 将 招 牌 上 存 在 的 问 题 向 老 板 反 映 一 下 。 见 到 老 板后,你应该怎么说? (3分)
语文试卷第2页 (共8页 )( )
9.某 酒 店 门 上 的 一 副 对 联 很 有 韵 味 (见 右 图 )。 你 从 这 副 对 联 中 获 得 了哪些信息? 请你写下来。(3分) 上联:大席添喜气 下联:雅室聚鸿财 横批:新春大吉
七年级2017-2018学年度第二学期期末学业参考答案
2017-2018学年度第二学期期末学业质量监测试题七年级数学试题参考答案一、请把选择题答案填在下列表格中(每小题3分,满分36分)13.71.610-⨯ 14.75° 15.240° 16.-1 17.60° 18.8818x y -三、解答题(本大题共7小题,共66分.解答要写出必要的文字说明或演算步骤) 19. (本题满分12分,每小题4分)(1)481a - (2)994009 (3)5418x y 20. (本题满分12分,每小题4分)(1)()()1b c a -- (2)()()2y x y x y -- (3)()224(4)x y x y -+21.(本题满分7分)解:∵,CD AB EF AB ⊥⊥, ∴180CDF EFD ∠+∠=︒, ∴//CD EF ,………………2分 ∴2DCE ∠=∠,………………3分 又∵12∠=∠, ∴1DCE ∠=∠, ∴//DG BC ,………………5分∴AGD ACB ∠=∠.………………7分 22.(本题满分7分) 解:(1)1 6 15 20 15 6 1 ………………2分(2)()77652433425677213535217a b a a b a b a b a b a b ab b +=+++++++-----5分(3)5, 1………………7分 23.(本题满分8分)解:∵MF//AD ,FN//DC ,∴∠BMF=∠A=100°,∠BNF=∠C=70°,………………2分 ∵△BMN 沿MN 翻折得△FMN ,∴111005022BMN BMF ∠=∠=⨯︒=︒, 11703522BNM BNF ∠=∠=⨯︒=︒,………………6分在△BMN 中,∠B=180°-(∠BMN+∠BNM )=95°。
………………8分24. (本题满分10分)解:(1)∵a,b 满足()2460a b -+-= ∴()240a -=,60b -=解得4,6,a b ==∴点B 的坐标是(4,6);………………3分(2)∵点P 从原点出发,以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿着O C B A O →→→→的线路移动, ∴248⨯=, ∵OA=4,OC=6,∴当点P 移动4秒时,在线段CB 上,离点C 的距离是:8-6=2,即当点P 移动4秒时,此时点P 在线段CB 上,离点C 的距离是2个单位长度(或点P 在线段CB 的中点处),点P 的坐标是(2,6); ………………7分(3)由题意可得,在移动过程中,当点P 到x 轴的距离为5个单位长度时,存在两种情况,第一种情况:当点P 在OC 上时,点P 移动的时间是52 2.5÷=秒;第二种情况:当点P 在BA 上时,点P 移动的时间是()6412 5.5++÷=秒; 故在移动过程中,当点P 到x 轴的距离为5个单位长度时,点P 移动的时间是2.5秒或5.5秒. ………………10分 25.(本题满分10分) (1)解:如图①所示:∵DE//BC (已知) ∴∠A=∠1 ,∠B=∠2(两直线平行,内错角相等)又∵∠1+∠ACB+∠2=180°(平角的性质) ∴∠A+∠ACB+∠B=180°(等量代换) ∴△ABC 的内角之和等于180°…………3分 (2)解:∵∠AGF+∠EGF=180°(平角的性质) 又∵在△GEF 中∠EGF+∠GEF+∠F=180°(内角和性质) ∴∠AGF=∠GEF+∠F (等量代换)…………6分 (3)解:∵AB//CD ,∠CDE=119°(已知) ∴∠CDE+∠AED=180°(两直线平行,同旁内角互补) ∠CDE=∠BED=119°(两直线平行,内错角相等) ∴∠AED=61°-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7分 ∵EF 平分∠DEB ∴∠DEF=∠FEB=59.5° ∠AEF=∠GED+∠DEF=120.5°----8分 ∵∠AGF=∠AEF+∠F (外角等于不相邻的两个内角和) ∠AGF=150° ∴∠F=∠AGF-∠AEF =29.5° ………………10分。
英语_2017-2018学年福建省龙岩市某校七年级(下)期末英语试卷真题(含答案)
2017-2018学年福建省龙岩市某校七年级(下)期末英语试卷二、选择填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的正确答案.1. Our classroom building has ______ floors. Our class is on the ______ floor.()A three; thirdB three; threeC third; third2. My sister ______ songs very well. She ______ an English song at my birthday party yesterday evening.()A sings; is singingB sings; sangC sang; sang3. ﹣Look at the sign, "No Parking".﹣Oh, sorry. I _______ see it.()A don'tB didn'tC can't4. My father is always____. He has no time to help with my homework.()A kindB smartC busy5. —Do you want me to help you, Tom?—No, thanks. I can make it ________.A myselfB himselfC yourself6. You'd better _______ on the bus. It's bad for your eyes.()A readB to readC not read7. ______ your warm clothes.It's very cold today.()A Put upB Put onC Put away8. ﹣How do you usually go to work?﹣I usually go to work_____because it's easy to park.()A by planeB by bikeC by subway9. ﹣﹣___do you go to the library?﹣﹣Once a week.()A How oftenB How manyC How long10. ﹣May I use your eraser?﹣_______ Here you are.()A Good idea.B Of course.C No, thanks.11. ﹣How long can I _______ the English workbook?﹣For two weeks.()A keepB buyC borrow12. ﹣I'm sorry, I'm afraid I can't help you now.﹣_______()A You're welcome.B Thanks for your help.C Thank you all the same.13. ﹣Where is Tom?﹣He is busy______ his homework. He didn't finish it yesterday.()A doingB doesC do14. ﹣Where are you going?﹣I'm going to the library to _______.()A keep moneyB post lettersC borrow books15. People have a ______ holiday for Spring Festival in China.()A seven daysB seven ﹣dayC seven ﹣days三、完形填空(共1小题;每小题1.5分,满分1.5分)从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案.16. My name is Jane. When I (1)_______a little girl, my parents began to buy some picture books for me. So I like reading books very much. Now I can read very (2)_______. I can read storybooks, novels, newspapers and so on. I think it is very interesting to read books.In class, my classmates always like outdoor (3)_______, such as playing football, (4)_______kites and so on. My friends, Alice can(5)_______ballet and she dances very well. Jack can play the piano. In parties, when Jack is (6)_______ the piano, Alice is dancing to it.Though(尽管) many of my classmates like outdoor activities, I still(仍然) like reading best. After reading, I always ask some questions(问题), such as "Why can fish live in (7)_______? " "Why can birds fly? " and so on. My mother always(8)_______me that books can tell me why. So in my(9)_______ time, I read more.I can learn much(10)_______reading. Books are my best friends.(1)A wasB wereC did(2)A rightB fastC high(3)A lifeB airC activities(4)A playingB flyingC swimming(5)A playB jumpC perform(6)A dancingB playingC singing(7)A waterB skyC room(8)A tellsB saysC talks(9)A agoB smartC free(10)A forB inC from四、阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文,根据短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳答案.(共4小题;每小题10分,满分40分)(1)We can go to New Year's Party this________.A TuesdayB FridayC SaturdayD Sunday.(2)There are________movies in the school meeting room this Saturday.A twoB threeC fourD five.(3)Stamp Show is________.A in the school meeting roomB on the school playgroundC in the schoolgym D in the school hall.(4)There is a________game in the school gym this Tuesday morning.A basketballB footballC singingD dancing.(5)Which of the following is TRUE?________A The New Year's Party is from 8: 00p.m. to 9:00p.m.B We can see Youth at 7:30p.m.C We can watch Stamp Show at 5: 00p.m. this Sunday.D The basketball game is between Class 3and Class 4.18. Hi! I'm Tony. I don't like to get up early. In the morning, I usually get up at8: 00. Then I go to school at 8: 30. I don't have much time for breakfast, so I usually eat very quickly. For lunch, I usually eat hamburgers. After school, I sometimes play basketball for half an hour. When I get home, I always do my homework first. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games. At 10: 30, I brush(刷) my teeth and then I go to bed.Mary is my sister. She usually gets up at 6: 30. Then she always takes a shower(沐浴)and eats a good breakfast. After that, she goes to school at 8: 30. At 12: 00, she has lunch at school. After lunch, she sometimes plays volleyball. She always eats ice﹣cream after dinner. She knows it's not good for her, but it tastes good! In the evening, she does herhomework and usually swims or takes a walk. At 9: 30, she goes to bed.(1)What time does Tony usually get up?________A At half past six.B At half past eight.C At eight o'clock.D At ten o'clock..(2)Tony sometimes after school.________A plays basketballB plays volleyballC takes a walkD watches TV.(3)Mary always eats after dinner.________A hamburgersB eggsC ice﹣creamD cakes..(4)Which of the following is TRUE?________A Tony always eats a good breakfast.B Mary usually eats hamburgers forlunch. C Tony goes to bed at 9:30. D Tony and Mary both go to school at 8:30..(5)What's the best title for the passage ?________A OurFavorite Food.B OurFavorite Sport.C Our Daily(日常的) LifeD Our Family.19. Mr. Green lives in the country. He is very poor. He has a daughter. Her name is Lily. She is 6. Last year, on the Eve of Christmas, the girl used some money to buy a piece of wrapping paper(一张包装纸). She wanted to use it to wrap(包) a gift. The father wasn't glad because he didn't have much money.The next morning, Lily gave the gift to her father. The man was a little happy. But when he opened the box, he was not happy again. He couldn't see anything in it. He shouted at her, "Why do you give me an empty(空的)box? " "Oh, Daddy. It isn't empty at all. I blow kisses(亲吻) into the box. They are all for you, Daddy, " Lily said. Her father was ________ and kissed her, "I'm sorry, dear. The box is full of your love. I like it so much! I love you!" "I love you, too. Daddy!" Lily was very happy.(1)How old is Lily?________A Four.B Five.C Six.D Seven..(2)What festival was it?________A Spring Festival.B Thanksgiving.C Christmas.D Easter..(3)What did Lily want to wrap?________A Some money.B A box.C A birthday gift.D Some paper..(4)Why wasn't the father happy when he opened the box?________A Becausehe didn't like her daughter.B Because there was nothing init. C Because the gift was not beautiful. D Because he is poor..(5)The underlined(下划线的) word "________" means in Chinese.________A 生气B 搬动C 难过D 感动.20. People like swimming in summer, even (即使) in the other three seasons, because swimming can make them strong. But you shouldn't swim in a dangerous place. A lot of people died (死亡) when they were having fun in the water.Some people are not careful. They often think they swim well, and they may be safe in water. Last summer, a few students went swimming in the river (河流). ________, threeof them never came out of the river.Summer is here again. If you go swimming, don't forget the three students. They died because they were careless.Don't get close to the water when you are alone, or when you see "No Swimming" sign. If you remember these, swimming will be good for you.(1)People like swimming because________.A they feel cool in the waterB they feel free in the waterC swimming makes them strongD swimming makes them popular.(2)The underlined word "________" means in Chinese.________A 不幸地B 迅速地C 终于D 慢慢地.(3)Last summer________ students died in the water when they swam in the river.A a fewB a lot ofC threeD four.(4)The students died in water because________.A they swim so wellB they are not carefulC they are not strong enoughD they can't swim well.(5)The writer wants to tell us that________.A swimming is a good sportB we should not go swimming in summerC we should not go swimming in the riverD we must be careful when we are swimming.五、阅读下面短文,从短文后面所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺、连贯,意思完整.(共1小题;每小题5分,满分5分)21. Zhang Peng is a student. He is in Grade Seven.(1)_______He thinks it's interesting. He wants to be a scientist (科学家) one day. His English is not good.(2)_______So his parents ask an English teacher to come to their home every Saturday morning.(3)_______Now it is Saturday morning,(4)_______He asks Zhang Peng to write about their school soccer games. It is so difficult for the boy.(5)_______the teacher takes the paper (纸张)and has a look. It says, "Rain, no games today."A. He thinks it is too difficult and boring.B. When the class is over,C. He likes science best.D. the teacher is giving an English lesson to Zhang Peng.E. They want the teacher to help Zhang Peng with his English..六、情景交际(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据情景提示,完成下列各题.22. 想知道对方在什么地方出生的,你可以这样问:________?23. 你朋友想上洗手间,你告诉他请这边走,可以这样说:________?24. 想知道对方最喜欢哪个季节,你可以这样问:________25. 忘了今天是几号,你可以这样问:________26. 告诉对方要遵守交通规则,你可以这么说:________.七、看图写话(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词,写出一个与图画情景相符的句子.27.Be good at________28. there ,shelf________29. can,in winter________30. yesterday________31. often, school________八、短文填空(共1小题;每小题10分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯.32. Last Sunday, I organized(组织) a picnic. I got up(1)________/'ɜːli/ and called some of my closed friends.First, we found a good(2)________/pleɪs/ to go. All of us(3)________(decide)to go to Beihai Park. Then we talked(4)________the food to bring.I bought some drinks and(5)________(vegetable). Simon prepared a(6)________and took photos for us. We put everything into a backpack(背包) and took it(7)________the park. When we got there,we(8)________(sit) down and ate. We enjoyed a nice day(9)________/tə'geðə/. Everyone(10)________(be) happy. At 3:00p.m. we took a bus home.九、书面表达(满分15分)33. 中秋节是中国的传统节日,请根据下面表格的内容写一篇作文,介绍中秋节.文章开头已给出.字数不少于60词.There are many holidays and festivals in China.________2017-2018学年福建省龙岩市某校七年级(下)期末英语试卷答案1. A2. B3. B4. C5. A6. C7. B8. B9. A10. B11. A12. C13. A14. C15. B16. ABCBCBAACC17. BADAD18. CACDC19. CCBBD20. CACBD21. C,A,E,D,B22. Where were you born?23. This way,please.24. Which season do you like best?/ What's your favorite season?25. What's the date today?26. You must obey the traffic rules.27. Jane is good at swimming.28. There are some books on the shelf.29. We can make a snowman in winter.30. He climbed the hill yesterday.31. They often go to school on foot.32. early,place,decided,about,vegetates,camera,to,sat,together,was33. OneofthemisMid﹣autumnFestivalTheMid﹣AutumnFestivalisaveryimportantChinesefestivalItisonthelunarAugust15Mooncakesarethesp ecialfoodforthisfestivalOnthatday,everyonecomesbackhomewithmooncakesOntheevening,thefamilyhaveabigdinnertogetherAfterdinner,everyonesitsaroundatableoutsideTheyeatmooncakesandenjoythefullmoon。
福建省南平市2017-2018学年七年级下学期期末质量检测英语试题(文字版含答案)
南平市2017-2018学年第二学期七年级期末质量检测英语试题(考试时间:90分钟,其中听力20分钟,笔试70分钟:满分:100分)★友情提示:请考生将选择题的答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上;其他试题请考生将答案用0. 5毫米的黑色签字笔书写在答题卡上,答在本试卷上一律无效。
I. 听力(共三节,20小题:每小题1分,满分20分)第一节听句子听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项(每个句子读两遍)II. 单项选择从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的正确答案(每小题1分,满分15分)6. When is Jenny's birthday ?A. May 15th.B. May 25th.C. May 5th.听第2 段对话,回答第7 小题。
7. How many blue pens are there on the desk?A.1.B.3.C.4.听第3 段对话,回答第8 小题。
8. What's Alice's favorite season now?A. Winter.B. Fall.C. Summer.听第4 段对话,回答第9小题。
9. Where is the basketball?A. Under he bed.B. Behind the door.C. Behind the table.听第5 段对话,回答第10、11 小题。
10. Who plays football?A. Peter.B. Rick.C. Tony.11. When is the football game?A. This Saturday.B. This Sunday.C. This Friday.听第6 段对话,回答第12、13 小题。
12. What's the best time to visit Mount Wuyi?A. In spring.B. In ummer.C. In winter.13. What should Alan take with him?A. His cell phone(手机).B.A camera.C. Some money.听第7 段对话,回答第14、15 小题。
2017-2018学年福建省重点中学七年级(下)期末数学试卷 含答案
2017-2018学年七年级(下)期末数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分.每小题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求)1.(4分)如图,点O在直线AB上,若∠1=42°,则∠2的大小为()A.48°B.58°C.138°D.148°2.(4分)为了测算一块600亩试验田里新培育的杂交水稻的产量,随机对其中的10亩杂交水稻的产量进行了检测,在这个问题中10是()A.个体B.总体C.总体的样本D.样本容量3.(4分)的算术平方根为()A.±4B.±C.D.﹣a4.(4分),是二元一次方程2x+ay=3的一个解,则a的值为()A.3B.C.1D.﹣15.(4分)若点P在第二象限,它到x轴,y轴的距离分别为3,1,则点P的坐标为()A.(1,3)B.(﹣3,1)C.(﹣1,3)D.(3,﹣1)6.(4分)如图,点E在AB的延长线上,下列条件中能判断AD∥BC的是()A.∠1=∠2B.∠3=∠4C.∠C=∠CBE D.∠C+∠ABC=180°7.(4分)下列各式正确的是()A.B.C.D.8.(4分)把一些书分给几名同学,若________;若每人分11本,则不够.依题意,设有x名同学,可列不等式9x+7<11x,则横线上的信息可以是()A.每人分7本,则可多分9个人B.每人分7本,则剩余9本C.每人分9本,则剩余7本D.其中一个人分7本,则其他同学每人可分9本9.(4分)已知点P(a+1,2a﹣3)在第四象限,则a的取值范围是()A.a<﹣1B.﹣1<a<C.﹣<a<1D.a>10.(4分)已知a,b,c都是实数,则关于三个不等式:a>b,a>b+c,c<0的逻辑关系的表述,下列正确的是()A.因为a>b+c,所以a>b,c<0B.因为a>b+c,c<0,所以a>bC.因为a>b,a>b+c,所以c<0D.因为a>b,c<0,所以a>b+c二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分)11.(4分)请写出一个大于3的无理数.12.(4分)专家提醒:目前我国从事脑力劳动的人群中,“三高”(高血压,高血脂,高血糖)现象必须引起重视.这个结论是通过得到的.13.(4分)不等式2x+1≥3的解集是.14.(4分)已知a,b是两个连续整数,且a<<b,则a+b=.15.(4分)若不等式组的解集为x<3k﹣3,则k的取值范围是.16.(4分)若二元一次方程组的解中x与y的值相等,则a=.三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(8分)计算:+﹣.18.(8分)解不等式组:,并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来.19.(8分)如图,将平行四边形ABCD向左平移3个单位长度,然后向上平移2个单位长度,可以得到平行四边形A′B′C′D′,画出平移后的图形,并指出其各个顶点的坐标.20.(8分)我国古代数学著作《九章算术》的“方程”一章里,一次方程组是由算筹布置而成的.如图1,图中各行从左到右列出的算筹数分别表示未知数x,y的系数与相应的常数项,把图1所示的算筹图用我们现在所熟悉的方程组的形式表述出来,就是请你根据图2所示的算筹图,列出方程组,并求解.21.(8分)某地为提倡节约用水,准备实行“阶梯水价”,每户居民每月用水不超出基本用水量的部分享受基本价格,超出部分加价收费.为更好地决策,当地自来水公司随机抽取部分居民某月的用水量数据,并绘制了如图1和图2所示的不完整的统计图(每组数据均只含最大值而不含最小值),请根据题意,解答下列问题.(Ⅰ)此次调查抽取了多少户居民的用水量数据?(Ⅱ)补全频数分布直方图,求图2中“25﹣30”部分对应的扇形圆心角的度数;(Ⅲ)如果自来水公司将基本用水量定为每户每月25吨,那么该地20万用户中约有多少用户的用水全部享受基本价格?22.(10分)甲、乙两商场以同样的价格出售同样的商品,并且又各自推出不同的优惠方案:在甲商场累计购物超过100元后,超出100元的部分按a折收费;在乙商场累计购物超过50元后,超过50元的部分按95%收费.若王老师到甲商场购物150元,实际支付145元.(1)求a的值;(2)请你分析顾客到哪家商场购物更合算?23.(10分)如图,已知CD⊥DA,DA⊥AB,∠1=∠2.试说明DF∥AE.请你完成下列填空,把证明过程补充完整.证明:∵,∴∠CDA=90°,∠DAB=90°().∴∠1+∠3=90°,∠2+∠4=90°.又∵∠1=∠2,∴(),∴DF∥AE().24.(12分)如图,点C在∠AOB的一边OA上,过点C的直线DE平行直线OB,CF平分∠ACD,CG⊥CF于点C.(Ⅰ)若∠O=50°,求∠ACE的度数;(Ⅱ)求证:CG平分∠OCD;(Ⅲ)当∠O为多少度时,CD平分∠OCF,并说明理由.25.(14分)对于平面直角坐标系xOy中的点P(a,b),若点P′的坐标为(a+kb,ka+b)(其中k为常数,且k≠0),则称点P′为点P的“k属派生点”.例如:P(1,4)的“2属派生点”为P′(1+2×4,2×1+4),即P′(9,6).(Ⅰ)点P(﹣2,3)的“3属派生点”P′的坐标为;(Ⅱ)若点P的“5属派生点”P′的坐标为(3,﹣9),求点P的坐标;(Ⅲ)若点P在x轴的正半轴上,点P的“k属派生点”为P′点,且线段PP′的长度为线段OP长度的2倍,求k的值.参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分.每小题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求)1.(4分)如图,点O在直线AB上,若∠1=42°,则∠2的大小为()A.48°B.58°C.138°D.148°【分析】根据邻补角的性质解答即可.【解答】解:∵∠1=42°,∴∠2=180°﹣∠1=180°﹣42°=138°,故选:C.【点评】此题考查角的概念,关键是根据邻补角的性质解答.2.(4分)为了测算一块600亩试验田里新培育的杂交水稻的产量,随机对其中的10亩杂交水稻的产量进行了检测,在这个问题中10是()A.个体B.总体C.总体的样本D.样本容量【分析】根据总体:我们把所要考察的对象的全体叫做总体;样本:从总体中取出的一部分个体叫做这个总体的一个样本;样本容量:一个样本包括的个体数量叫做样本容量可得答案.【解答】解:为了测算一块600亩试验田里新培育的杂交水稻的产量,随机对其中的10亩杂交水稻的产量进行了检测,在这个问题中,数字10是样本容量,故选:D.【点评】此题主要考查了总体、个体、样本、样本容量,关键是掌握定义.3.(4分)的算术平方根为()A.±4B.±C.D.﹣a【分析】根据算术平方根的定义得出即可.【解答】解:的算术平方根是,故选:C.【点评】本题考查了算术平方根,能熟记算术平方根的定义是解此题的关键.4.(4分),是二元一次方程2x+ay=3的一个解,则a的值为()A.3B.C.1D.﹣1【分析】将x与y的值代入方程即可求出a的值.【解答】解:将x=1,y=3代入2x+ay=3得:2+3a=3,解得:a=.故选:B.【点评】此题考查了二元一次方程的解,方程的解即为能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值.5.(4分)若点P在第二象限,它到x轴,y轴的距离分别为3,1,则点P的坐标为()A.(1,3)B.(﹣3,1)C.(﹣1,3)D.(3,﹣1)【分析】根据第二象限内点的横坐标是负数,纵坐标是正数,点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度,到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度求出点P的横坐标与纵坐标,从而得解.【解答】解:∵点P在第二象限且到x轴,y轴的距离分别为3,1,∴点P的横坐标为﹣1,纵坐标为3,∴点P的坐标为(﹣1,3).故选:C.【点评】本题考查了点的坐标,熟记点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度,到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度是解题的关键.6.(4分)如图,点E在AB的延长线上,下列条件中能判断AD∥BC的是()A.∠1=∠2B.∠3=∠4C.∠C=∠CBE D.∠C+∠ABC=180°【分析】同位角相等,两直线平行;内错角相等,两直线平行;同旁内角互补,两直线平行,据此进行判断即可.【解答】解:当∠1=∠2时,AD∥BC,故A选项正确;当∠3=∠4或∠C=∠CBE或∠C+∠ABC=180°时,AB∥CD,故B、C、D选项错误;故选:A.【点评】本题主要考查了平行线的判定,解题时注意:同位角相等,两直线平行;内错角相等,两直线平行;同旁内角互补,两直线平行.7.(4分)下列各式正确的是()A.B.C.D.【分析】根据各个选项中的式子可以计算出正确的结果,从而可以解答本题.【解答】解:=5,故选项A错误,=﹣2,故选项B错误,已经是最简的三次根式,故选项C错误,=±3,故选项D正确,故选:D.【点评】本题考查立方根、平方根、算术平方根,解答本题的关键是明确它们各自的计算方法.8.(4分)把一些书分给几名同学,若________;若每人分11本,则不够.依题意,设有x名同学,可列不等式9x+7<11x,则横线上的信息可以是()A.每人分7本,则可多分9个人B.每人分7本,则剩余9本C.每人分9本,则剩余7本D.其中一个人分7本,则其他同学每人可分9本【分析】根据不等式表示的意义解答即可.【解答】解:由不等式9x+7<11x,可得:把一些书分给几名同学,若每人分9本,则剩余7本;若每人分11本,则不够;故选:C.【点评】本题考查根据实际问题列不等式,解决问题的关键是读懂题意,找到关键描述语,找到所求的量的等量关系.9.(4分)已知点P(a+1,2a﹣3)在第四象限,则a的取值范围是()A.a<﹣1B.﹣1<a<C.﹣<a<1D.a>【分析】根据第四象限点的坐标符号特点得出关于a的不等式组,解不等式组即可得.【解答】解:∵点P(a+1,2a﹣3)在第四象限,∴,解不等式①,得:a>﹣1,解不等式②,得:a,∴不等式组的解集为﹣1<a<,故选:B.【点评】本题考查的是坐标系内点的坐标符号特点和解一元一次不等式组,正确求出每一个不等式解集是基础,熟知“同大取大;同小取小;大小小大中间找;大大小小找不到”的原则是解答此题的关键.10.(4分)已知a,b,c都是实数,则关于三个不等式:a>b,a>b+c,c<0的逻辑关系的表述,下列正确的是()A.因为a>b+c,所以a>b,c<0B.因为a>b+c,c<0,所以a>bC.因为a>b,a>b+c,所以c<0D.因为a>b,c<0,所以a>b+c【分析】举反例说明A、B、C错误;利用不等式的性质证明D正确.【解答】解:A、例如a=5,b=1,c=2,满足条件a>b+c,但是不满足结论c<0,故本选项错误;B、例如a=5,b=8,c=﹣6,满足条件a>b+c,c<0,但是不满足结论a>b,故本选项错误;C、例如a=5,b=1,c=2,满足条件a>b,a>b+c,但是不满足结论c<0,故本选项错误;D、∵c<0,∴a+c<a,即a>a+c,∵a>b,∴a+c>b+c,∴a>b+c,故本选项正确.故选:D.【点评】本题考查了不等式的性质:不等式的两边同时加上(或减去)同一个数或同一个含有字母的式子,不等号的方向不变;不等式的两边同时乘以(或除以)同一个正数,不等号的方向不变;不等式的两边同时乘以(或除以)同一个负数,不等号的方向改变;不等式的传递性:若a>b,b>c,则a>c.二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分)11.(4分)请写出一个大于3的无理数.【分析】根据这个数即要比3大又是无理数,解答出即可.【解答】解:由题意可得,>3,并且是无理数.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查了实数大小的比较及无理数的定义,任意两个实数都可以比较大小,正实数都大于0,负实数都小于0,正实数大于一切负实数,两个负实数绝对值大的反而小.12.(4分)专家提醒:目前我国从事脑力劳动的人群中,“三高”(高血压,高血脂,高血糖)现象必须引起重视.这个结论是通过抽样调查得到的.【分析】由普查得到的调查结果比较准确,但所费人力、物力和时间较多,而抽样调查得到的调查结果比较近似.【解答】解:这个调查个体数量多,范围广,工作量大,不宜采用普查,只能采用抽样调查.故填抽样调查.【点评】本题考查的是调查方法的选择;正确选择调查方式要根据全面调查的优缺点再结合实际情况去分析.13.(4分)不等式2x+1≥3的解集是x≥1.【分析】直接利用解一元一次不等式的方法即可得出结论.【解答】解:移项得,2x≥3﹣1,合并同类项得,2x≥2,系数化为1得,x≥1,故答案为:x≥1.【点评】此题主要考查了解一元一次不等式的方法和步骤,熟练掌握解一元一次不等式的步骤是解本题的关键.14.(4分)已知a,b是两个连续整数,且a<<b,则a+b=9.【分析】由a<<b,可得出a=4、b=5,将其代入a+b中即可求出结论.【解答】解:∵42=16,52=25,a<<b,∴a=4,b=5,∴a+b=9.故答案为:9.【点评】本题考查估算无理数的大小,利用逼近法找出a、b的值是解题的关键.15.(4分)若不等式组的解集为x<3k﹣3,则k的取值范围是k≤.【分析】利用不等式取解集的方法确定出k的范围即可.【解答】解:不等式组整理得:,由不等式组的解集为x<3k﹣3,得到3k﹣3≤k,解得:k≤,故答案为:k≤【点评】此题考查了解一元一次不等式组,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.16.(4分)若二元一次方程组的解中x与y的值相等,则a=11.【分析】根据题意可知x=y,只要把x用y代入(或把y用x代入)解出y(或x)的值,再代入ax+(a﹣1)y=3中,即可解出a的值.【解答】解:依题意得:x=y∴4x+3y=4x+3x=7x=1∴x==y∵ax+(a﹣1)y=3即a+(a﹣1)=3∴a=3+=∴a=11【点评】本题考查的是对二元一次方程组的解的计算,根据题意列出x=y,解出x,y的值,再在方程中代入x,y的值即可得出a三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(8分)计算:+﹣.【分析】根据二次根式的运算法则即可求出答案.【解答】解:原式=0.3﹣2﹣=﹣2.2【点评】本题考查二次根式的运算,解题的关键是熟练运用二次根式的运算法则,本题属于基础题型.18.(8分)解不等式组:,并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来.【分析】求不等式组中每个不等式的解集,利用数轴求公共部分.【解答】解:解不等式①得:x≤﹣2,解不等式②得:,不等式①、②的解集在数轴上表示如下:∴不等式组的解集是:x≤﹣2.【点评】本题主要考查了解一元一次不等式组,一般先求出其中各不等式的解集,再求出这些解集的公共部分,利用数轴可以直观地表示不等式组的解集.19.(8分)如图,将平行四边形ABCD向左平移3个单位长度,然后向上平移2个单位长度,可以得到平行四边形A′B′C′D′,画出平移后的图形,并指出其各个顶点的坐标.【分析】利用平移变换的性质画出图形即可解决问题;【解答】解:如图所示平行四边形A′B′C′D′四个顶点的坐标分别是:A'(﹣4,0),B'(0,0),C'(1,3),D'(﹣3,3)【点评】本题考查平移变换,平行四边形的性质等知识,解题的关键是学会正确作图,属于中考常考题型.20.(8分)我国古代数学著作《九章算术》的“方程”一章里,一次方程组是由算筹布置而成的.如图1,图中各行从左到右列出的算筹数分别表示未知数x,y的系数与相应的常数项,把图1所示的算筹图用我们现在所熟悉的方程组的形式表述出来,就是请你根据图2所示的算筹图,列出方程组,并求解.【分析】观察图2,列出关于x、y的二元一次方程组,解之即可得出结论.【解答】解:依题意,得由①,得y=7﹣2x.③把③代入②,得x+3(7﹣2x)=11解这个方程,得x=2.把x=2代入①,得y=3.∴这个方程组的解是.【点评】本题考查了二元一次方程组的应用,观察图形,正确列出二元一次方程组是解题的关键.21.(8分)某地为提倡节约用水,准备实行“阶梯水价”,每户居民每月用水不超出基本用水量的部分享受基本价格,超出部分加价收费.为更好地决策,当地自来水公司随机抽取部分居民某月的用水量数据,并绘制了如图1和图2所示的不完整的统计图(每组数据均只含最大值而不含最小值),请根据题意,解答下列问题.(Ⅰ)此次调查抽取了多少户居民的用水量数据?(Ⅱ)补全频数分布直方图,求图2中“25﹣30”部分对应的扇形圆心角的度数;(Ⅲ)如果自来水公司将基本用水量定为每户每月25吨,那么该地20万用户中约有多少用户的用水全部享受基本价格?【分析】(Ⅰ)依据“10﹣15”部分的数据,即可得到此次调查抽取了多少户居民的用水量数据;(Ⅱ)求得“15﹣20”部分的用户数,即可补全频数分布直方图,并利用公式求得“25﹣30”部分对应的扇形圆心角的度数;(Ⅲ)依据基本用水量不超过25吨的用户所占的比例,即可估计该地20万用户中约有多少用户的用水全部享受基本价格.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)10÷10%=100;(Ⅱ)“15﹣20”部分有用户:100﹣(10+30+25+9)=26,补全频数分布直方图如图所示.“25﹣30”部分对应的扇形圆心角的度数为:;(Ⅲ),∴约有13.2万用户的用水全部享受基本价格.【点评】本题考查了扇形统计图,频数分布直方图,频数、频率和总量的关系,求扇形圆心角,用样本估计总体.解题时注意:扇形圆心角的度数=部分占总体的百分比×360°.22.(10分)甲、乙两商场以同样的价格出售同样的商品,并且又各自推出不同的优惠方案:在甲商场累计购物超过100元后,超出100元的部分按a折收费;在乙商场累计购物超过50元后,超过50元的部分按95%收费.若王老师到甲商场购物150元,实际支付145元.(1)求a的值;(2)请你分析顾客到哪家商场购物更合算?【分析】(1)优惠金额:(150﹣145)元;(2)先设顾客累计花费x元,根据三种情况进行讨论,当x≤50时,若50<x≤100,若x≥100,分别进行分析,即可得出答案.【解答】(1)依题意得:解得:a=9;(2)当累计购物不超过50元时,到两商场购物花费一样;当累计购物超过50元而不超过100元时,到乙商场购物花费少;当累计购物超过100元时,设累计购物x(x>100)元,则甲商场购物需:100+0.9(x﹣100)元,乙商场购物需:50+0.95(x﹣50)元①若50+0.95(x﹣50)=100+0.9(x﹣100)解得:x=150当累计购物150元时,到两商场购物花费一样.②若到甲商场购物花费少:50+0.95(x﹣50)>100+0.9(x﹣100)解得:x>150即:累计购物超过150元时,到甲商场购物合算.③若到乙商场购物花费少:50+0.95(x﹣50)<100+0.9(x﹣100)解得:x<150即:累计购物超过100元不到150元时,到乙商场购物合算.【点评】此题考查了一元一次不等式的应用,关键是读懂题意,列出不等式,再根据实际情况分段进行讨论,不要漏项.23.(10分)如图,已知CD⊥DA,DA⊥AB,∠1=∠2.试说明DF∥AE.请你完成下列填空,把证明过程补充完整.证明:∵CD⊥DA,DA⊥AB,,∴∠CDA=90°,∠DAB=90°(垂直定义).∴∠1+∠3=90°,∠2+∠4=90°.又∵∠1=∠2,∴∠3=∠4(等角的余角相等),∴DF∥AE(内错角相等,两直线平行).【分析】先根据垂直的定义,得到∠1+∠3=90°,∠2+∠4=90°,再根据等角的余角相等,得出∠3=∠4,最后根据内错角相等,两直线平行进行判定即可.【解答】证明:∵CD⊥DA,DA⊥AB,∴∠CDA=90°,∠DAB=90°,(垂直定义)∴∠1+∠3=90°,∠2+∠4=90°.又∵∠1=∠2,∴∠3=∠4,(等角的余角相等)∴DF∥AE.(内错角相等,两直线平行)故答案为:CD⊥DA,DA⊥AB,垂直定义,∠3=∠4,等角的余角相等,内错角相等,两直线平行.【点评】本题主要考查了平行线的判定以及垂直的定义,解题时注意:内错角相等,两直线平行.24.(12分)如图,点C在∠AOB的一边OA上,过点C的直线DE平行直线OB,CF平分∠ACD,CG⊥CF于点C.(Ⅰ)若∠O=50°,求∠ACE的度数;(Ⅱ)求证:CG平分∠OCD;(Ⅲ)当∠O为多少度时,CD平分∠OCF,并说明理由.【分析】(Ⅰ)由两直线平行得到同位角相等,由∠O=50°,求出∠ACE的度数即可;(Ⅱ)由CG与CF垂直,利用垂直的定义得到一个直角,再由CF为角平分线,利用等角的余角相等即可得证;(Ⅲ)法1:当∠O为60度时,CD平分∠OCF,由平行线的性质及角平分线定义验证即可;法2:由角平分线定义,等量代换,以及平行线的性质验证即可.【解答】(Ⅰ)解:∵DE∥OB,∴∠ACE=∠O,∵∠O=50°,∴∠ACE=50°;(Ⅱ)证明:∵CG⊥CF,∴∠FCG=90°,∴∠DCF+∠DCG=90°,又∵∠GCO+∠GCD+∠FCA+∠FCD=180°(平角定义),∴∠GCO+∠FCA=90°,∵CF平分∠ACD,∴∠FCA=∠DCF,∴∠GCO=∠DCG(等角的余角相等),即CG平分∠OCD;(Ⅲ)结论:当∠O=60°时,CD平分∠OCF,法1:当∠O=60°时,∵DE∥OB,∴∠DCO=∠O=60°,∴∠ACD=120°,又∵CF平分∠ACD,∴∠DCF=60°,∴∠DCO=∠DCF,即CD平分∠OCF;法二:若CD平分∠OCF,∴∠DCO=∠DCF,∵∠ACF=∠DCF,∴∠ACF=∠DCF=∠DCO,∵∠AOC=180°,∴∠DCO=60°,∵DE∥OB,∴∠O=∠DOC,∴∠O=60°.【点评】此题考查了平行线的性质,以及垂线,熟练掌握平行线的性质是解本题的关键.25.(14分)对于平面直角坐标系xOy中的点P(a,b),若点P′的坐标为(a+kb,ka+b)(其中k为常数,且k≠0),则称点P′为点P的“k属派生点”.例如:P(1,4)的“2属派生点”为P′(1+2×4,2×1+4),即P′(9,6).(Ⅰ)点P(﹣2,3)的“3属派生点”P′的坐标为(7,﹣3);(Ⅱ)若点P的“5属派生点”P′的坐标为(3,﹣9),求点P的坐标;(Ⅲ)若点P在x轴的正半轴上,点P的“k属派生点”为P′点,且线段PP′的长度为线段OP长度的2倍,求k的值.【分析】(Ⅰ)根据“k属派生点”计算可得;(Ⅱ)设点P的坐标为(x、y),根据“k属派生点”定义及P′的坐标列出关于x、y 的方程组,解之可得;(Ⅲ)先得出点P′的坐标为(a,ka),由线段PP′的长度为线段OP长度的2倍列出方程,解之可得.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)点P(﹣2,3)的“3属派生点”P′的坐标为(﹣2+3×3,﹣2×3+3),即(7,﹣3),故答案为:(7,﹣3);(Ⅱ)设P(x,y),依题意,得方程组:,解得,∴点P(﹣2,1).(Ⅲ)∵点P(a,b)在x轴的正半轴上,∴b=0,a>0.∴点P的坐标为(a,0),点P′的坐标为(a,ka),∴线段PP′的长为点P′到x轴距离为|ka|,∵P在x轴正半轴,线段OP的长为a,根据题意,有|PP'|=2|OP|,∴|ka|=2a,∵a>0,∴|k|=2.从而k=±2.【点评】本题主要考查坐标与图形的性质,熟练掌握新定义并列出相关的方程和方程组是解题的关键.。
