大学英语六级2013年12月考试改革适用模拟试卷244
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷244(总分：118.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Haste MakesWaste by commenting on this saying．You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1．（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案： Haste Makes Waste Normally you can finish your work earlier if you do it faster, but it isn't always the case. Just as the famous saying goes, Haste makes waste: onemakes mistakes when being too hasty. This saying tells us how important patience and carefulnessare and urges us to do things step by step. This saying has been proved by numerous evidences.For example, building a bridge is a huge project and requires years of construction. If we rushto complete it, we may neglect important steps in the process, and the result can be devastating. That's why tragic reports are often heard that people died or got injured because of some collapsed bridges which were completed ahead of much time but were of poor quality. Another good exampleis our real-life experience of learning English. If we don't memorize some common vocabulary and acquire a basic knowledge of grammar before reading an article, we will not understand it at all.It's advisable that we should attach great importance to patience and carefulness. And always remember that Rome was not built in a day.)解析：解析：这是一篇观点阐释型的作文，要求考生就谚语“欲速则不达”发表个人意见。
围绕这一谚语，可以将文章内容安排如下：第1段阐述“欲速则不达”的深层涵义。
第2段举例证明“欲速则不达”的正确性。
第3段作总结：做事要细心，有耐心。
二、 Listening Comprehension(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：4.Section A__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分数：8.00）A.Poor management of the hospital.B.The health hazard at her work place. √C.Decisions made by the head technician.D.The outdated medical testing procedures.解析：A.Transfer her to another department. √B.Repair the x-ray equipment.C.Cut down her workload.D.Allow her to go on leave for two months.解析：A.They are virtually impossible to enforce.B.Neither is applicable to the woman's case.C.Both of them have been subject to criticism.D.Their requirements may be difficult to meet. √解析：anize a mass strike.pensate for her loss.C.Try to help her get it back. √D.Find her a better paying job.解析：（分数：8.00）A.In giving concessions.B.In the concluding part.C.In stating your terms.D.In the preparatory phase. √解析：A.Because you can apply science to a negotiation.B.Because you have to decide on strategy and tactics. √C.Because you can execute a negotiation scientifically.D.Because you have to do lots of studies and researches.解析：A.He behaves in a way contrary to his real intention. √B.He presents his arguments in a straightforward way.C.He responds readily to the other party's proposals.D.He uses lots of gestures to help make his points clear.解析：A.Both may fail when confronting experienced rivals.B.The honest type is more effective than the actor type.C.Both can succeed depending on the specific situation. √D.The actor type works better in tough negotiations.解析：5.Section B__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：6.00）A.He teaches psychology at Ohio State University. √B.He has experience tutoring black students.C.He specializes in interpersonal relationships.D.He provides counseling for university students.解析：A.Black freshmen with high standardized test scores. √B.Black students from families with low incomes.C.Students who are accustomed to living in dorms.D.Students who scored low on standardized tests.解析：A.They generally spent more time together than white pairs.B.They moved out of the college dorms at the end of the semester.C.They were more appreciative of the university's housing policy.D.They broke up more often than same-race roommates. √解析：）8.00（分数：A.They started doing similar activities.B.Their test scores rose gradually.C.They grew bored of each other.D.Their racial attitudes improved. √解析：A.He is a habitual criminal.B.He was accused of family violence.C.He was wrongly imprisoned. √D.He has bitter memories of childhood.解析：A.The evidence found at the crime scene.B.The testimony of his two friends.C.The jury's prejudice against his race.D.The two victims' identification. √解析：A.The US judicial system has much room for improvement.B.Eyewitnesses are often misled by the lawyer's questions.C.Frightened victims can rarely make correct identification.D.Many factors influence the accuracy of witness testimony. √解析：6.Section C__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：6.00）A.It will affect our physical health.B.It will affect our psychosocial health. √C.It will make our lives worse.D.It will make us lazier and weaker.解析：A.It will make the mistakes familiar to us.B.It will help us to fix past mistakes.C.It will help us to realize our resolutions. √D.It will make us feel more energetic.解析：A.Too many goals.B.Vague goals.ck of time.D.Inadequate planning. √解析：（分数：8.00）A.New laws will be passed to increase new taxes.B.Taxes will be used to retain teachers for the future. √C.School funding will be generated by new taxes.D.Income taxes should be used to build schools.解析：A.New houses should be built in the downtown area. √B.New sport fields should be built in the downtown area.C.More green areas should be developed in the suburbs.D.More businesses should be invested in the suburbs.解析：A.More roads need to be built for future generations.B.More means of transportation will be built in the future.C.A train system will be built to improve transportation. √D.A road system will be built as a long-term solution to traffic. 解析：A.He understands the needs of the common man. √B.He is an experienced career politician.C.He fights against big business interests.D.He protects educators and business owners.解析：（分数：6.00）A.Drought may increase the risk of infectious diseases.B.Flood may increase the risk of poor nutrition among children.C.High temperature weather may cause mental health problems.D.Extreme weather may cause the death of people. √解析：A.Water pollution.B.Vehicle emissions.C.Air pollution. √D.Industrial pollution.解析：A.To take public transportation.B.To increase the use of coal energy.C.To reduce health care costs.D.To seek global cooperation. √解析：三、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：8.Section A__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：The concept of obtaining fresh water from icebergs that are towed to populated areas and aridregions of the world was once treated as a joke more appropriate to cartoons than real life. Butnow it is being 1quite seriously by many nations, especially since scientists have warned thatthe human race will 2its fresh water supply faster than it runs out of food. Glaciers are a possible 3of fresh water that has been overlooked until recently. Three-quarters of the Earth's fresh water supply is still tied up in glacial ice, a reservoir of 4fresh water so immense that it could 5allthe rivers of the world for 1,000 years. Floating on the oceans every year are 7,659 trillionmetric tons of ice encased in 10,000 icebergs that break away from the polar ice caps, more than ninety percent of them from Antarctica. Huge glaciers that 6over the shallow continental shelfgive birth to icebergs throughout the year. Icebergs are not like sea ice, which is formed whenthe sea itself freezes, rather, they are formed 7on land, breaking off when glaciers spread overthe sea. As they drift away from the polar region, icebergs sometimes move mysteriously in adirection 8to the wind, pulled by subsurface currents. Because they melt more slowly than smaller pieces of ice, icebergs have been known to drift as far north as 35 degrees south of the equator wouldneeded are they where world the of parts to 9them and them control To Ocean. Atlantic the innot be too difficult. Even if the icebergs lost half of their volume in towing, the water theycould provide would be far cheaper than that produced by desalinization (脱盐), or 10salt fromwater.A) removing I) approximatelyB) stretch J) consideredC) deriving K) similarD) entirely L) sourceE) untapped M) ensuredF) resource N) sustainG) outgrow O) steer H) opposite（分数：20.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）解析：解析：空格前面的or表明其后的成分用于解释desalinization，由于介词by的限定，故此处需填入动词的现在分词，且能与from连用。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷249(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷249(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Successful People does not only Have Talents but also Some Other Things”. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.正确答案：Hard Work and Success (1) Some people hold the view that success is only for those with talent or who born in a good family, but I think talent or good family is not enough to be successful. At least, hard work is also a(2) vital factor. Hard work to success is like bricks to a building. (3)To succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And in order to realize the goal, one must spend a large amount of time studying and practicing.(4)We all know that Han Hong is a famous Chinese singer but what you may not know is that she spent hours every day practicing just in order to sing a song well enough. Sometimes she even missed her meals. Many people have such similar dreams but only a few people(5) have the drive to(6) pursue them diligently.(7)To become great at certain things, you need to work(8) day in and day out. When you see people(9) exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life as a dear cost for their success.解析：第一段：指明尽管一些人天生拥有好的家庭和具备良好的天赋，但是个人努力也至关重要。
2013年12月大学英语六级试题模拟与答案详细讲解完整版
2013年12月大学英语六级试题模拟与答案详解完整版Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfyevery man’s need, but not every man’s greed.”You can citeexamples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on AnswerSheet 1.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations. At the end of each conversation, one or morequestions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. Aftereach question there will be a pause. During the pause, youmust read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷243(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷243(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Learning from Mistakes．You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1．1．人的一生中难免犯错2．有的人能够在错误中学习，不断进步；有的人却不以为然，重蹈覆辙3．对此，我认为……正确答案：Learning from Mistakes As Alexander Pope rightly pointed out, “To err is human.”We, human beings, are not infallible and we might make mistakes in one time or another. Despite the fact that we all make mistakes, attitudes towards them vary from persons to persons. On the one hand, some people are clever enough to draw upon the experience and to avoid the same mistakes. On the other hand, some might just ignore the consequences of the blunder and allow history repeats itself. To become a better person, I assert that we should pay due attention to the mistakes and learn our lessons. As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success. However, I think the statement is only half true—if we do not think about the failure and let it pass, we would not be able to taste success. Conversely, if we ponder on the causes and effects of the failure, we will earn ourselves a beacon to guide our way through. It is true that all human beings would make mistakes, but learning from them can make us wiser.解析：这是一篇观点阐释型的作文，要求考生对“从错误中学习”这一观点做阐释，并发表个人的意见。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷269(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷269(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled The Value of University life. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.正确答案：University is where we can gain knowledge and friends that both benefit our future life. But as far as I am concerned, the value of university life is that I gradually master the wisdom of choice. First of all, university provides a wide range of choices for us and we have to learn how to judge wisely. As a university student, we are familiar with the feeling of being overwhelmed by choices: which selective courses to pick, which societies to join or even who to make friends with. There is no silver bullet to solve all these puzzles once and for all. We might need to solicit information from junior and senior students to make an informed choice. Secondly, the choosing sharpens our analytical skill. For example, when we decide to drop Contemporary Dramas in the West and pick Literature Theories, we have to weigh the gains and losses of each course. The more choices we make, the more analysis we have to perform, and the better our analytical skill will get. In conclusion, the value of university life is the wisdom of choice, which makes us intelligent and discerning.解析：本题属于“自由发挥型”作文，要求考生对“大学生活的价值”提出个人的意见。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Modesty. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words following the outline given below：1．谦虚是年轻人应该具有的品质2．谦虚的重要性3．我的看法正确答案：On Modesty Modesty is one of the individual qualities that young people should possess. It makes you foresee your imperfection. It gives you the impetus to go forward. Most important of all, it brings you favorable conditions in interpersonal contact. However, many young people do not seem to realize the importance of modesty. Some of them just feel satisfied with a little success, without the slightest desire to make further progress. Others have too high an opinion of themselves, totally ignoring other people’s suggestions and opinions. Consequently, their immodesty often drives them up against the wall. Worst of all, immodesty often takes young people away from their colleagues and friends. Therefore, they find fewer people they can confide to. For me, to be modest, the first thing to do is to have a full understanding of my deficiencies. In fact, I am often confronted with situations which I feel difficult to handle. Besides, I should also accept other people’s right points and try my best to learn from them. Keeping these two points in mind, I will be on the right path to developing modesty.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W: Hi, Tony. Will you go to Tom’s home to study in a group this afternoon again?M: Oh, I’d love to, but you know, I’m an individualist and last time was really a mess.Q: What is the man going to do?2．A．To study at Tom’s home.B．To study at his home.C．To clean Tom’s home.D．To help the other students’ study.正确答案：B解析：弦外之音题。
2013年12月英语六级（新题型）考试试卷+答案详解
2013年12⽉英语六级（新题型）考试试卷+答案详解2013年12⽉全国⼤学⽣英语六级考试试卷Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1．如今数字化产品得到越来越⼴泛的使⽤，例如……2．数字化产品的使⽤对⼈们的⼯作、学习、⽣活产⽣的影响。
Digital Age__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) Proceed in his own way. C) Compromise with his colleague.B) Stick to the original plan. D) Try to change his colleague’s mind.2. A) Mary has a keen eye for style. C) Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome.B) Nancy regrets buying the dress. D) Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion.3. A) Wash the dishes. C) Pick up George and Martha.B) Go to the theatre. D) Take her daughter to hospital.4. A) She enjoys making up stories about other people.B) She can never keep anything to herself for long.C) She is eager to share news with the woman.D) She is the best informed woman in town.5. A) A car dealer. C) A driving examiner.B) A mechanic. D) A technical consultant.6. A) The shopping mall has been deserted recently.B) Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall.C) Lots of people moved out of the downtown area.D) There isn’t much business downtown nowadays.7. A) He will help the woman with her reading.B) The lounge is not a place for him to study in.C) He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study.D) A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus.8. A) To protect her from getting scratches. C) To prevent mosquito bites.B) To help relieve her of the pain. D) To avoid getting sunburnt.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) In a studio. C) At a beach resort.B) In a clothing store. D) At a fashion show.10. A) To live there permanently. C) To find a better job to support herself.B) To stay there for half a year. D) To sell leather goods for a British company.11. A) Designing fashion items for several companies.B) Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.C) Working as an employee for Ferragamo.D) Serving as a sales agent for Burberrys.12. A) It has seen a steady decline in its profits.B) It has become much more competitive.C) It has lost many customers to foreign companies.D) It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) It helps her to attract more public attention.B) It improves her chance of getting promoted.C) It strengthens her relationship with students.D) It enables her to understand people better.14. A) Passively. B) Positively. C) Skeptically. D) Sensitively.15. A) It keeps haunting her day and night.B) Her teaching was somewhat affected by it.C) It vanishes the moment she steps into her role.D) Her mind goes blank once she gets on the stage.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.B) To reform railroad management in western European countries.C) To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.D) To set up an express train network throughout Europe.17. A) Major European airlines will go bankrupt.B) Europeans will pay much less for traveling.C) Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.D) Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.18. A) Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.B) Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.C) Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.D) Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air.19. A) In 1981. B) In 1989. C) In 1990. D) In 2000. Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) There can be no speedy recovery for mental patients.B) Approaches to healing patients are essentially the same.C) The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole.D) There is no clear division of labor in the medical profession.21. A) A doctor’s fame strengthens the patients’ faith in them.B) Abuse of medicines is widespread in many urban hospitals.C) One third of the patients depend on harmless substances for cure.D) A patient’s expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery.22. A) Expensive drugs may not prove the most effective.B) The workings of the mind may help patients recover.C) Doctors often exaggerate the effect of their remedies.D) Most illnesses can be cured without medication.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Enjoying strong feelings and emotions. C) Being fond of making sensational news.B) Defying all dangers when they have to. D) Dreaming of becoming famous one day.24. A) Working in an emergency room. C) Listening to rock music.B) Watching horror movies. D) Doing daily routines.25. A) A rock climber. B) A psychologist.C) A resident doctor. D) A career consultant.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are top of a global league table of university reputation—in a top 100 26 by U.S. institutions.Cambridge and Oxford make the top 10—but other U.K. universities have 27 , while Asian institutions have risen.The rankings are based on the 28 of 17,000 academics. This list is an attempt to quantify the elusive but important quality of 29 in higher education—with its findings 30 the opinions of academics around the world.The fast such ranking by the Times Higher Education magazine, published last year, had the same top five as this year—with the two Boston-based 31 , Harvard and M1T, in first and second place.Cambridge was once again the highest ranking U.K. university in third place, 32 Stanford and University of California, Berkeley. But Phil Baty, editor of the Times Higher Education rankings, says there is an 33 picture of U.K. universities downwards—with fewer in the top 100 and a 34 for others including Imperial College London and University College London. "Our global reputation as the home of outstanding universities has been hit," he said.Reflecting the rise of Asian countries as the new education superpowers, there is an increasing presence for countries such as People’s Republic of China, Japan, Singapore and SouthKorea.35 its size and population, Switzerland is also seen as performing well, with three universities in the world’s top 100 universities.Such rankings published by the Times Higher Education magazine do not have an official status, but they have become an increasingly significant part of how universities market themselves to students, particularly as higher education has become more globalized.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are poised to make 36 in the year ahead.The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained 37 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 38 opportunities for women in business.The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said.Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 39 by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7percent in 2010, it said.The research on the Fortune 500 companies was 40 on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 41 significant, Catalyst said.Nevertheless, given the changes in U. S. politics, the future for women in business looks more 42 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 43 of Catalyst."Overall we’re44 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers, the general public, they’re looking for change. ""What they’re basically saying is, ‘Don’t give us45 of the status quo (现状). Get newSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marketers Target KidsA) Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influencetheir parents’ buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.B) Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:Pester(纠缠)PowerC) Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. "Pester power" refers to children’ ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.D) According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories —"persistence" and "importance". Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated "importance nagging". This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to pr ovide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.The Marriage of Psychology and MarketingE) To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy’ lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.F) The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U. S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.Building Brand Name LoyaltyG) Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of "brand" marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.H) Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothingcompanies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act.Buzz or Street MarketingI) The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter( 杂乱) in young people’s lives. Many companies are using "buzz marketing" —a new twist on the tried-and-true "word of mouth" method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or "street marketing", as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (难找的) teen market by using trendsetters to give them products "cool" status.J) Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young "Net promoters" use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users.Commercialization in EducationK) School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls ( 亏空，差额) are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.L) Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting deliversa captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events.The InternetM) The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture. This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.Marketing Adult Entertainment to KidsN) Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U. S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.O) The FTC studied 44 films rated "Restricted", and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on "Restricted" movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.46. Guilt can affect parents’ spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for theirkids.47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.50. For this generation of young people, the Interact is a daily and routine part of their lives.51. According to Kidfluence, "persistence nagging" is less effective than the more sophisticated "importance nagging".52. According to a report released by the U. S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.54. A group of U. S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Like most people, I’ve long underst ood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person.Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve foodto people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned ( ⽰意) me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤杂⼯) by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waitin g to be served.Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked—cordially.I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and f ortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.56. The author was disappointed to find that ________.A) one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligenceB) talented people like her should fail to get a respectable jobC) one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a personD) professionals tend to look down upon manual workers57. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?A) Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.B) People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.C) Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.D) Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.58. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?A) She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.B) She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.C) She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.D) She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.59. What does the author imply by saying ". . . many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant" (Line 3, Para. 7)?A) Those who cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon.B) Those work ing in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.C) Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.D) The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.60. The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to ________.A) see what kind of person they areB) experience the feeling of being servedC) show her generosity towards people inferior to herD) arouse their sympathy for people living a humble lifePassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U. S. News & World Report, which lie owns. "Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating, " lamented (哀叹) the117th-riehest man in America. "Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a row. " He noted that "Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy. "Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. "It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage, " said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.It’s possible that plutocrats (有钱有势的⼈) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare.61. What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?A) The fate of the ultrawealthy people.B) The disintegration of the middle class.C) The inequality in the distribution of wealth.D) The conflict between the left and the right wing.62. What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation?A) Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.B) The American economic system has caused many companies to go bankrupt.C) The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.D) The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation’s growing wealth.63. From the fifth paragraph we can learn that ________.A) the very rich are fashion-consciousB) the very rich are politically sensitiveC) universal health care is to be implemented throughout AmericaD) Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage64. What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?A) They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.B) They know that the middle class contributes most to society.C) They want to gain support for global economic integration.D) They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.65. What may happen if the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods?A) The prices of imported goods will inevitably soar beyond control.B) The investors will have to make great efforts to reallocate capital.C) The wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders.D) Foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华⽂化不可分割的⼀部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨⼤的贡献。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of social networking by referring to the saying “Social networking platforms drive a man closer to those in neighboring continents, while driving him further apart from those in his neighborhood.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid the bad effects of social networking. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：“Social networking platforms drive a man closer to those in neighboring continents, while driving him further apart from those in his neighborhood.” This ironic saying means that with social networking platforms, we can contact people far away more easily, but may also pay less attention to the people around us. As far as I can see, this saying is quite true. It seems so wonderful to talk to many people all over the world that some people are addicted to it. When people spend too much time on those social networking platforms, they naturally don’t have e-nough time and energy to care for the people around them. For example, we often hear someone who is so absorbed in all kinds of activities on social networking platforms that he often neglects sleep and meals. No doubt he will also neglect his families and friends in real life. To avoid the bad effects of social networking, we should regard it as a tool which should facilitate rather than occupy our life. The face-to-face communication should be encouraged when we are taking full advantage of social networking platforms. Only in this way could a sound and harmonious interpersonal relationship be established.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W: How was your dinner at the new Italian restaurant today?M: We didn’t eat there. We drove all the way down there only to find it’s not open on Friday, so we had our dinner at the small Chinese restaurant next door. Q: What did the man say about the new Italian restaurant?2．A．He didn’t like the food there.B．The food there is the best in the area.C．Italian food is not as good as Chinese food.D．He didn’t know what the food was like there.正确答案：D解析：女士问男士今天在新开的那家意大利饭店吃得怎么样，男士说他们没有在那里吃成饭，他们特意驱车去那儿却发现周五关门。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷224(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷224(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled It Pays to Be Honest by commenting on the saying, “Honesty is the best policy.”You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.正确答案：Honesty is considered as a long-lasting virtue not only in China but also in any other civilized countries. Nothing is more important than being honest. However, it is sad to see that incidents of dishonesty still frequently happen in daily life. Some government officials abuse their authority for personal interest. Some businessmen sell fake products for higher profits. Some students cheat on exams for excellent academic performance. Although their behaviors may bring them immediate benefits at first, what waits for them in the end is troubles beyond imagination—their leaders will remove them from office; their customers won’t purchase their products any more; their classmates and teachers might not trust them. There is an English proverb saying “Honesty is the best policy”. It is important to be honest in modern society. Honest people gain a lot. What they do brings benefits to others as well as to themselves. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise can win trust, respect and honor from others. Honesty paves the way for success and wealth. It pays to be honest. Everyone ought to cherish honesty and be a man of honesty.解析：这是一篇“表达看法”型论说文，题目要求考生对“诚实不欺为上策”提出个人的意见。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷245(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷245(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark“Idle Young，Needy Old．”You can cite examples to illustrate your point．You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1．正确答案：Idle Young, Needy Old There goes an aged saying, “Idle young, needy old”, which means that if you do not work hard when you are young, you will live a miserable life when you’re old. It is a universal truth. No one can deny it. Unfortunately, still many young people turn a deaf ear to it. We can see from time to time teenagers are engrossed in playing Internet games all night long. They do not care these games would do harm to both their study and body, thus getting poor performance academically and physically in their old age. Another case in point is some college students, who pay no attention to their majors and knowledge acquiring, but idle away. They often think they have a lot of time in hand and college is a place for relaxing. As long as they can get a diploma, it is not necessary to put much energy on study. Without doubt, such people must suffer hardship in the near future, let alone when they are old. In a word, we should all keep in mind, that youth is a time for hard work. Only in this way can we get a harvest when we are old.解析：这是一篇观点阐释型作文，要求考生对谚语“少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲”发表自己的看法。
大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷246(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷246(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled How to Be Creative by commenting on this remark by a creativity expert，“If you’re not prepared to be wrong，you’ll never come up with anything original．”You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1．正确答案：How to Be Creative A creativity expert said: “If you’re not prepared to be wrong, you’ll never come up with anything original.”This enlightening remark points out clearly the way to be creative. If you want to be creative, you shouldn’t be frightened of making mistakes. Being creative is not easy, because you have to think out of the box and keep on trying. Breaking away from established patterns which we used to be comfortable with requires lots of courage. Perhaps there is no example better than the story of Thomas Edison. In order to invent a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb, he tried thousands of different materials. After tons of failure, people began to mock at him and didn’t believe that he could succeed. However, he stuck with it and finally made a great achievement. The light bulbs have greatly changed the world. When asked to comment on his failure, he said: “I am not discouraged, because every wrong attempt discarded is another step forward.”To sum up, being creative is tough and calls for courage to defeat the fear of making mistakes. If you are afraid of being wrong, you’ll never be creative.解析：这是一篇观点阐释型的作文，要求考生就创意专家的话“如果你没做好犯错的准备，你就永远不会有创新”发表个人意见。