【江西专用】《走向高考》英语一轮总复习(春出版)第一部分 教师讲义手册6-3(新人教版选修6)
[考题巧解] 解析：本题考查非谓语动词的固定搭配在具体语境中的 运用。选B项符合搭配feel like doing sth.。
答案：B
基础回顾
稳扎稳打 网络构建
Ⅰ.单词速记 A．联想记忆 1．abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待→abuse one's ________ 滥 用某人的职权 2．stress n. 压力；重音；vt. 加压力于；使紧张→lay great stress ________... 十分注重/重视…… 3．ban vt. 禁止；取缔；n. 禁令；谴责→ban sb.
Report author Franco Sassi, a former London School of Economics lecturer, puts the blame on modern lifestyles. He said：Food is much cheaper than in the past, in particular food that is not particularly healthy, and people are changing their lifestyles. They have less time to prepare meals and are eating out more in restaurants.
________ (doing) sth. 禁止某人做某事
4．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开→quit (________) sth. 停止做某事；戒掉…… 5．desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的→be desperate
According to the report, the lifespan of an obese person is up to 10 years shorter than that of a normalweight person—the same loss of lifespan incurred by smoking.
考题对接
真题链接 体会考点
1．[教材原句]Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get_into the habit in the first place！(U3P20) [真题呈现](2012· 江西，24)I've ________ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. A．come into C．got into B．gone into D．run into
Levels of fatness in Scottish children are second worst in the world, behind the US, while children in England are eighth worst. Developed nations are getting fatter, warns the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development which produced the report. The Parisbased watchdog claims the growing costs of healthcare and wasted resources are making obesity a top priority for many governments.
[考题巧解] 解析：考查动词短语。句意：我养成了在放学回家的路 上看望爷爷奶奶的习惯。get into“养成(习惯)，染上(毛
病)”；come into“进来”；go into“进去”；run into“撞 到某人身上”。
答案：C
2．[教材原句]．..your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.(U3P18) [真题呈现]—They are quiet, aren't they? —Yes. They are accustomed________at meals. A．to talk C．to talking B．to not talk D．to not talking
走向高考· 英语
人教版 ·高考一轮总复习 ·江西
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索
选修六
选修六
Unit 3 A healthy life
话题诵读
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
3
基础回顾
考题对接
4
精讲点拨
话题诵读
早读一刻 情感体验
Britons are the fattest people in Europe Britons are the fattest people in Europe, with one of the world's fastest obesity growth rates, according to a leading international thinktank. The UK comes top out of 20 European Union nations, with almost one in four people so fat they could face an early grave.
[考题巧解] 解析：be accustomed to“习惯，适应”，to为介词，后 接动名词作宾语。答句意为：他们习惯了在吃饭的时候不说 话。
答案：D
3．[教材原句]Every
time
you
feel_like_smoking
a
cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.(U3P19) [真题呈现](2011· 四川，2)Lydia doesn't feel like ______ abroad. Her parents are old. A．study C．studied B．studying D．to study
江西省抚州市2024学年高考英语试题一轮复习高中总复习含解析
江西省抚州市2024学年高考英语试题一轮复习高中总复习注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Hi, Tom, have you checked the account yet?—Certainly, I ________ it five times even though you told me to do it twice.A．checked B．will have checkedC．have been checking D．had checked2．I’d never wondered before whether or not he was kid-friendly. With one glance, I quickly that he probably wasn’t. A．agreed B．reportedC．explained D．decided3．It is so difficult a question_______ none of the kids could work it out.A．as B．that C．which D．X4．— Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car ______ start.— No problem. Y ou can count on it.A．won’t B．mustn’tC．needn’t D．shouldn’t5．—Got your driving license?—No. I too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week.A．was B．amC．have been D．had been6．Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.A．chased B．registeredC．offered D．compromised7．---Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life？---Living every day to the fullest，definitely.A．recipe B．effortC．content D．demand8．________ on February 5, 2019, the Wandering Earth soon became a great hit.A．Releasing B．Being releasedC．Released D．To release9．It’s _______ for people to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life.A．reasonable B．availableC．accurate D．cautious10．—Our team has just narrowly won the game. I feel so relieved now.—__________!A．Cheer up B．Y ou betC．What a pity D．Well done11．语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit1教师用书新人教版必修第一册
Unit 1 Teenage LifeⅠ．词块记单词1．debate club 辩论俱乐部2．predict content 预测内容3．learn new movements 学习新的动作4．work in a greenhouse 在温室里工作5．a big challenge 一项巨大的挑战6．take a quick look at the title 快速浏览一下标题7．topic sentences 主题句8．advanced literature 高级文学9．make a workable schedule 制作一个可行的时间表10．become writers or editors 成为作家或编辑11．a round paper plate 一个圆形的纸盘12．adventure camp 探险营地13．international youth camp 国际青年营14．some experts 一些专家15．teenagers of your generation 你们这一代的青少年Ⅱ．语境记单词1．A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages．Their voluntary work is well worth praising．(volunteer)2．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils, but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students．(prefer)3．Choose a pair of shoes that suits you best, and we'll cycle to a suitable place for a picnic．(suit)4．The confusing problem really confuses the confused boy, who is always confused about such things．(confuse)5．After graduation, he wanted to find a job in a foreign company．However, he found it was a challenge for graduates to find jobs as unemployment was very high．(graduate)6．We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions．(responsible)7．Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivorof the accident．(survive)8．Everyone praises the child's good behaviour because he always behaves well．(behave)9．The Great Wall is an attraction, whose scenery is very attractive, and it attracts a large number of tourists every day．(attractive)10．The drug is so addictive that he is addicted to it．Therefore, it's hard for him to get rid of the addiction to it．(addict)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．My sister will graduate from (毕业于) Zhejiang University this July．And I am proud of her．2．I would like to warn you in advance (提前) that if you smoke here, you will be fined．3．The pilot of the plane should be responsible for (对……负责) the passengers' safety．4．Those who are content with (对……感到满意) their present situations will surely make no difference in life．5．Once you sign up for (报名) it, it is likely that you will be a new member of our school table tennis team．6．These tours, designed and led by Harvard students from a range of scientific groups, focus on (集中；特别关注) animals and plants．7．More and more people are addicted to (对……很入迷) the Internet．As a consequence, they are getting burned out．8．My parents and I spent the whole morning cleaning up (打扫干净) our house to welcome an important guest．9．More people would be attracted to (喜欢) cycling if conditions were right．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．我们的英语老师建议我们多读书来扩大词汇量。
2022届高三英语一轮复习高考外研版 选修6 Module 3 单元复习 课件
do many things without electricity. the help of Friends Reunited.
02 重难考点探究
1．count v．数；有价值；重要；认为；看作；包括；把……计
算在内 [高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]On the other hand, you probably
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. 结束，末尾
[单词 拼写·运用]
1． trust v．信赖，信任
核心单词
2． chat v．闲谈，聊天
14． turn round 转过身来
15． on the phone 在通电话
语境运用 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。
We were sad to learn that a worker in our factory was ⑥ knocked over by a car yesterday.Several friends of hers ⑦ burst out crying when they heard of the sad news.We saw the news of traffic accident on the Internet ⑧ from time to time ．But this time, it happened around us.Our factory director appealed to us workers to ⑨ raise money for her family.We all gave a helping hand.
高考英语一轮总复习 定语从句(教师用书)教案 北师大版-北师大版高三全册英语教案
定语从句Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, which she opened with her late husband Les.解析：考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知此处是一个非限制性定语从句，且关系词在句中替代先行词a pet shop在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词which。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals.解析：考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知had great experience with caring for these animals为定语从句，修饰先行词masters，masters为人，故填who。
3．(2019·浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that/which gives off light in the dark.解析：考查定语从句。
分析句式可知，先行词是cloth，后面是定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that/which。
4．(2019·北京卷)The students benefitting most from college are those who/that are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源)．解析：考查定语从句的引导词。
高三英语一轮复习备考策略及方法课件
高考英语试卷分类
2022高考英语试卷分类
全国乙卷：山西、河南、江西、安徽、宁夏、黑龙江、吉林、新疆、内 蒙古、青海、陕西、甘肃（12） 全国甲卷：四川、广西、西藏、云南、贵州（5） 新高考Ⅰ卷：福建、湖南、湖北、河北、江苏、山东、广东（7） 新高考Ⅱ卷：海南、重庆、辽宁（3） 自主命题：北京、天津、上海、浙江（4）
Why
教育不仅仅是面向世界、未来，更是面向中国的现实
课程标准新视角：核心素养解读
语言能力指在社会情境中，以听、 说、读、看、写等方式理解和表达意 义的能力，以及在学习和使用语言的 过程中形成的语言意识和语感。英语 语言能力构成英语学科核心素养的基 础要素。英语语言能力的提高蕴含文 化意识、思维品质和学习能力的提升， 有助于学生拓展国际视野和思维方 式，开展跨文化交流。
二、一轮复习的进度安排
时间
2022.72022.8
2022.92022.10
2022.112022.12
2023.12023.2
关键词 重要时间节点
课本为主， 1. 暑假作业 打好基础 2. 一轮复习
1. 开学摸底考试
心态调整， 侧重细节
Hale Waihona Puke 2. 9月月考 3. 民航、空军招飞 4. 期中考试
5. 国庆假期
“四层”就是科学设计考查内容，解决“考什么”的问题
必备 知识
关键 能力
学科 素养
核心 价值
学生长期学习 的知识储备中 的基础性、通 用性知识，是 学生今后进入 大学学习以及 进入社会实践 所必须掌握的 关键内容。
指在学生掌握基 础知识和基本技 能的过程中，培 养支撑学生终身 发展、适应时代 要求的能力，主 要包括独立思考、 逻辑推理、信息 加工、语言表达 和文字写作能力、 创新能力等。
【步步高】高考英语大一轮复习 Book6 Unit 1 Art课件 新人教
•11、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我;对事以诚信，事无不成。 •12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 •13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2022/1/162022/1/16January 16, 2022 •14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 •15、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。 •16、一个人所受的教育超过了自己的智力，这样的人才有学问。 •17、好奇是儿童的原始本性，感知会使儿童心灵升华，为其为了探究事物藏下本源。2022年1月2022/1/162022/1/162022/1/161/16/2022 •18、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。 2022/1/162022/1/16
考点探究
重点单词 1．adopt vt.采纳；采用；收养
adoption n．采用；收养 adopted adj.收养的；领养的 adopt an idea采纳意见 adopt a(n) approach/policy/attitude采取方法/政策/态度
(1)She was forced to have her baby adopted . 她被迫把婴儿交给别人收养。
He drew scores of paintings，many of which are of great value.
5．许多艺术家认为他的绘画风格独一无二，值得研究。(be worth
doing)
Manles are unique and they are worth studying.
(2)I have adopted a new teaching method. 我已采用了一种新的教学方法。
2024年高考数学一轮总复习讲义 第一讲 平面向量的概念及其线性运算
第五章平面向量与复数考情探究2022新高考Ⅱ，2复数的运算复数的乘法运算运算求解基础性数学运算2021新高考Ⅰ，2复数的运算复数的乘法运算运算求解基础性数学运算2021新高考Ⅱ，1复数的概念复数的几何意义运算求解基础性数学运算2020新高考Ⅱ，2复数的运算复数的乘法运算运算求解基础性数学运算2020新高考Ⅰ，2复数的运算复数的除法运算运算求解基础性数学运算【命题规律与备考策略】本章内容分为两部分，第一部分平面向量、第二部分复数．高考对第一部分内容的考查以平面向量的基础知识、基本运算为主，考查与平面向量基本定理相关的线性运算、向量的数量积运算、向量的夹角、向量的模．试题以中低档题为主，以选择题或填空题的形式出现，分值为5分．高考对部分的考查依然是基础与能力并存，在知识的形成过程、知识的迁移中渗透数学运算、逻辑推理、直观想象的核心素养，重视函数与方程、数形结合、转化与化归思想．高考对第二部分内容的考查，一般出现在选择题前2题中，比较简单，分值为5分．高考命题主要集中于：①复数的相关概念，如虚数、纯虚数、共轭复数等；②复数的几何意义及复数的模的最值问题；③复数的四则运算，常考查乘、除法运算；④虚数单位i的性质．备考时，要掌握常见的知识与解题方法，加强对复数的概念的理解，提高运算求解能力．第一讲平面向量的概念及其线性运算知识梳理知识点一向量的有关概念1．向量：既有大小又有方向的量叫做向量，向量的大小叫做向量的长度(或称模)．2．零向量：长度为0的向量叫做零向量，其方向是任意的，零向量记作0.3．单位向量：长度等于1个单位的向量．4．平行向量：方向相同或相反的非零向量；平行向量又叫共线向量．规定：0与任一向量平行.5．相等向量：长度相等且方向相同的向量．6．相反向量：长度相等且方向相反的向量．知识点二向量的线性运算三角形法则平行四边形法则三角形法则(1)模：|λa|＝|λ||a|；向量a(a≠0)与b共线，当且仅当存在唯一一个实数λ，使b＝λa.归纳拓展1．零向量与任何向量共线．.2．与向量a(a≠0)共线的单位向量±a|a|3．若存在非零实数λ，使得AB →＝λAC →或AB →＝λBC →或AC →＝λBC →，则A ，B ，C 三点共线．4．首尾相连的一组向量的和为0.5．若P 为AB 的中点，则OP →＝12(OA →＋OB →)．6．若a 、b 不共线，且λa ＝μb ，则λ＝μ＝0.双基自测题组一走出误区1．判断下列结论是否正确(请在括号中打“√”或“×”)(1)|a |与|b |是否相等，与a ，b 的方向无关．(√)(2)若a ∥b ，b ∥c ，则a ∥c .(×)(3)若向量AB →与向量CD →是共线向量，则A ，B ，C ，D 四点在一条直线上．(×)(4)当两个非零向量a ，b 共线时，一定有b ＝λa ，反之成立．(√)题组二走进教材2．(必修2P 22T4改编)化简AB →＋BD →－AC →－CD →＝(B )A.AD →B ．0C ．BC→D ．DA→[解析]AB→＋BD →－AC →－CD →＝AD →－(AC →＋CD →)＝AD →－AD →＝0.3．(必修2P 15T3改编)八卦是中国古老文化的深奥概念，其深邃的哲理解释了自然、社会现象．如图1所示的是八卦模型图，其平面图形记为图2中的正八边形ABCDEFGH ，其中O 为正八边形的中心，则OA→－ED →＝(B )A.OD →B ．DO →C ．DA→D ．AD→[解析]OA→－ED →＝EO →－ED →＝DO →.故选B.4．(多选题)(必修2P 15T4改编)如图所示，每个小正方形的边长都是1，在其中标出了6个向量，则在这6个向量中(BC )A ．向量CH →，DG →的模相等B ．|AE→|＝10C ．向量DG →，HF →共线D ．|DG→|＋|HF →|＝10[解析]对于ABD ，通过计算向量的模进行判断即可，对于C ，通过判断直线DG ，HF 的位置关系来判断两向量是否共线．因为|CH→|＝32＋12＝10，|DG →|＝22＋22＝22，所以|CH →|≠|DG →|，所以A 错误；因为|AE →|＝32＋12＝10，所以B 正确；因为∠CDG ＝∠CFH ＝45°，所以DG ∥HF ，所以向量DG→，HF →共线，所以C 正确；因为|DG →|＋|HF →|＝22＋22＋32＋32＝52≠10，所以D 错误，故选BC.题组三走向高考5．(2020·新高考Ⅱ，3,5分)若D 为△ABC 的边AB 的中点，则CB →＝(A )A ．2CD →－CA →B ．2CA →－CD →C ．2CD→＋CA →D ．2CA→＋CD →[解析]∵D 为△ABC 的边AB 的中点，∴CD →＝12(CA →＋CB →)，∴CB →＝2CD →－CA →.故选A.6．(2015·新课标2,13,5分)设向量a ，b 不平行，向量λa ＋b 与a ＋2b 平行，则实数λ＝12.[解析]∵a 、b 不平行，∴a ＋2b ≠0，由题意可知存在唯一实数m ，使得λa＋b＝m(a＋2b)，即(λ－m)·a＝(2m－1)b，－m＝0，m－1＝0，解得λ＝12.向量的基本概念——自主练透1.(多选题)(2023·山东烟台月考)给出下列命题，其中叙述错误的命题为(BC)A．向量AB→的长度与向量BA→的长度相等B．向量a与b平行，则a与b的方向相同或相反C．|a|＋|b|＝|a－b|⇔a与b方向相反D．若向量a与b不共线，则a与b都是非零向量[解析]A正确，AB→与BA→是相反向量，长度相等；B错误，当a，b其中之一为0时，不成立；C错误，当a，b其中之一为0时，不成立；D正确，因为零向量与任何一个向量共线．故选BC.2．设a，b都是非零向量，下列四个条件，使a|a|＝b|b|成立的充要条件是(D) A．a＝b B．a＝2bC．a∥b且|a|＝|b|D．a∥b且方向相同[解析]a|a|表示a方向的单位向量，因此a|a|＝b|b|的充要条件是a∥b且a与b 同向．名师点拨：1．相等向量具有传递性，非零向量的平行也具有传递性．2．共线向量即为平行向量，它们均与起点无关．3．平行向量就是共线向量，二者是等价的；但相等向量不仅模相等，而且方向要相同，所以相等向量一定是平行向量，而平行向量未必是相等向量．4．非零向量a与a|a|的关系是：a|a|是a方向上的单位向量.向量的线性运算——多维探究角度1向量加、减法的几何意义设非零向量a ，b 满足|a ＋b |＝|a －b |，则(A )A ．a ⊥b B ．|a |＝|b |C ．a ∥bD ．|a |>|b |[解析]解法一：利用向量加法的平行四边形法则．在▱ABCD 中，设AB→＝a ，AD →＝b ，由|a ＋b |＝|a －b |知，|AC →|＝|DB →|，从而四边形ABCD 为矩形，即AB ⊥AD ，故a ⊥b .解法二：∵|a ＋b |＝|a －b |，∴|a ＋b |2＝|a －b |2.∴a 2＋b 2＋2a ·b ＝a 2＋b 2－2a ·b .∴a ·b ＝0.∴a ⊥b .角度2向量的线性运算1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)在△ABC 中，点D 在边AB 上，BD ＝2DA ，记CA→＝m ，CD →＝n ，则CB →＝(B )A ．3m －2nB ．－2m ＋3nC ．3m ＋2nD ．2m ＋3n[解析]CD →＝23CA →＋13CB →，即CB →＝－2CA →＋3CD →＝－2m ＋3n .故选B.2.(2024·宣城模拟)我国东汉末数学家赵爽在《周髀算经》中利用一副“弦图”给出了勾股定理的证明，后人称其为“赵爽弦图”，它是由四个全等的直角三角形与一个小正方形拼成的一个大正方形，如图所示．在“赵爽弦图”中，若BC →＝a ，BA→＝b ，BE →＝3EF →，则BF →＝(B )A.1225a ＋925b B ．1625a ＋1225b C.45a ＋35b D ．35a ＋45b[解析]BF →＝BC →＋CF →＝BC →＋34EA →＝BC →＋34(EB →＋BA →)＝BC →＋34－34BF →＋BA →，即BF →＝BC →＋34－34BF →＋BA →BF →＝1625BC →＋1225→，即BF →＝1625a ＋1225b .角度3根据向量线性运算求参数(2023·济南模拟)如图，在平行四边形ABCD 中，F 是BC 的中点，CE →＝－2DE→，若EF →＝xAB →＋yAD →，则x ＋y ＝(C )A ．1B ．6C.16D ．13[解析]因为四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，所以AB→＝DC →，AD →＝BC →，因为CE→＝－2DE →，所以ED →＝－13DC →＝－13AB →，连接AF ，在△AEF 中，所以EF→＝EA →＋AF →＝ED →－AD →＋AB →＋BF →＝－13AB →－AD →＋AB →＋12BC →＝23AB →－12AD →，又因为EF→＝xAB →＋yAD →，所以x ＝23，y ＝－12，故x ＋y ＝16.名师点拨：平面向量线性运算问题的常见类型及解题策略1．考查向量加法或减法的几何意义．2．求已知向量的和或差．一般共起点的向量求和用平行四边形法则，求差用三角形法则；求首尾相连的向量的和用三角形法则．3．与三角形综合，求参数的值．求出向量的和或差，与已知条件中的式子比较，求得参数．4．与平行四边形综合，研究向量的关系．画出图形，找出图中的相等向量、共线向量，将所求向量转化到同一个平行四边形或三角形中求解．【变式训练】1．(角度1)(2022·湖北宜昌一中月考)已知a ，b 是两个非零向量，且|a ＋b |＝|a |＋|b |，则下列说法正确的是(D )A ．a ＋b ＝0B ．a ＝bC ．a 与b 共线反向D ．存在正实数λ，使a ＝λb [解析]因为a ，b 是两个非零向量，且|a ＋b |＝|a |＋|b |，所以a 与b 共线同向，故D 正确．2．(角度2)(2022·长沙模拟)如图，在梯形ABCD 中，BC ＝2AD ，DE ＝EC ，设BA →＝a ，BC →＝b ，则BE →＝(D )A.12a ＋14b B ．13a ＋56bC.23a ＋23b D ．12a ＋34b[解析]解法一：如图所示，取BC 的中点F ，连接AF ，因为BC ＝2AD ，所以AD ＝CF ，又AD ∥CF ，所以四边形ADCF 为平行四边形，则AF ∥CD ，所以CD→＝F A →.因为DE ＝EC ，所以CE →＝12CD →＝12FA →，所以BE →＝BC →＋CE →＝BC →＋12F A →＝BC →＋12(BA →－BF →)＝BC →－12BC ＝12BA →＋34BC →＝12a ＋34b ，故选D.解法二：如图，连接BD ，因为DE ＝EC ，所以BE →＝12(BD →＋BC →)＝12(BA →＋AD →＋BC →)＋12BC →＋＝12BA →＋34BC →＝12a ＋34b ，故选D.3．(角度3)(2023·长春调研)在△ABC 中，延长BC 至点M 使得BC ＝2CM ，连接AM ，点N 为AM 上一点且AN→＝13AM →，若AN →＝λAB →＋μAC →，则λ＋μ＝(A )A.13B ．12C ．－12D ．－13[解析]由题意，知AN →＝13AM →＝13(AB →＋BM →)＝13AB →＋13×32BC →＝13AB →＋12(AC →－AB→)＝－16AB →＋12AC →，又AN →＝λAB →＋μAC →，所以λ＝－16，μ＝12，则λ＋μ＝13.故选A.共线向量定理及其应用——师生共研设两个非零向量a 与b 不共线．(1)若AB→＝a ＋b ，BC →＝2a ＋8b ，CD →＝3(a －b )，求证：A ，B ，D 三点共线；(2)试确定实数k ，使k a ＋b 和a ＋k b 共线．[分析](1)利用向量证明三点共线时，首先要证明两个非零向量共线，然后再说明两向量有公共点，这时才能说明三点共线；(2)利用共线向量定理求解．[解析](1)证明：∵AB→＝a ＋b ，BC →＝2a ＋8b ，CD →＝3(a －b )，∴BD→＝BC →＋CD →＝2a ＋8b ＋3(a －b )＝2a ＋8b ＋3a －3b ＝5(a ＋b )＝5AB →.∴AB →，BD →共线，又∵它们有公共点B ，∴A ，B ，D 三点共线．(2)∵k a ＋b 与a ＋k b 共线，∴存在实数λ，使k a ＋b ＝λ(a ＋k b )，即k a ＋b ＝λa ＋λk b .∴(k －λ)a ＝(λk －1)b .∵a ，b 是不共线的两个非零向量，－λ＝0，－1＝0，解得k ＝±1.[引申]本例(2)中，若k a ＋b 与a ＋k b 反向，则k ＝－1；若k a ＋b 与a＋k b 同向，则k ＝1.[解析]由本例可知k a ＋b 与a ＋k b 反向时λ<0，从而k ＝－1；k a ＋b 与a ＋k b 同向时λ>0，从而k ＝1.名师点拨：平面向量共线的判定方法1．向量b 与非零向量a 共线的充要条件是存在唯一实数λ，使b ＝λa .要注意通常只有非零向量才能表示与之共线的其他向量，要注意待定系数法和方程思想的运用．2．证明三点共线问题，可用向量共线来解决，但应注意向量共线与三点共线的区别与联系，当两向量共线且有公共点时，才能得出三点共线．【变式训练】1．若a ，b 是两个不共线的向量，已知MN →＝a －2b ，PN →＝2a ＋k b ，PQ →＝3a －b ，若M ，N ，Q 三点共线，则实数k 等于(B )A ．－1B ．1C ．32D ．2[解析]由题意知，NQ→＝PQ →－PN →＝a －(k ＋1)b ，因为M ，N ，Q 三点共线，故存在实数λ，使得MN →＝λNQ →，即a －2b ＝λ[a －(k ＋1)b ]，解得λ＝1，k ＝1.故选B.2．已知向量a ，b ，c 中任意两个都不共线，并且a ＋b 与c 共线，b ＋c 与a 共线，那么a ＋b ＋c 等于(D )A ．aB ．bC ．cD ．0[解析]解法一：∵a ＋b 与c 共线，∴a ＋b ＝λ1c .①又∵b ＋c 与a 共线，∴b ＋c ＝λ2a .②由①得：b ＝λ1c －a .∴b ＋c ＝λ1c －a ＋c ＝(λ1＋1)c －a ＝λ2a .1＋1＝0，2＝－1，1＝－1，2＝－1.∴a ＋b ＋c ＝－c ＋c ＝0.故选D.解法二：①－②得a －c ＝λ1c －λ2a ∴λ1＝－1、λ2＝－1，∴a ＋b ＋c ＝0.易错警示——都是零向量“惹的祸”下列命题正确的是(D )A ．向量a ，b 共线的充要条件是有且仅有一个实数λ，使b ＝λaB ．在△ABC 中，AB →＋BC →＋CA →＝0C ．不等式||a |－|b ||≤|a ＋b |≤|a |＋|b |中两个等号不可能同时成立D ．若向量a ，b 不共线，则向量a ＋b 与向量a －b 必不共线[解析]易知ABC 错误．对于D.∵向量a 与b 不共线，∴向量a ，b ，a ＋b 与a －b 均不为零向量．若a ＋b 与a －b 共线，则存在实数λ使a ＋b ＝λ(a －b )，即(λ－1)a＝(1＋λ)b，－1＝0，＋λ＝0，此时λ无解，故假设不成立，即a＋b与a－b不共线．故D正确．名师点拨：在向量的有关概念中，定义长度为0的向量叫做零向量，其方向是任意的，并且规定：0与任一向量平行．由于零向量的特殊性，在两个向量共线或平行问题上，如果不考虑零向量，那么往往会得到错误的判断或结论．在向量的运算中，很多学生也往往忽视0与0的区别，导致结论错误．【变式训练】下列叙述正确的是(D)A．若非零向量a与b的方向相同或相反，则a＋b与a，b其中之一的方向相同B．|a|＋|b|＝|a＋b|⇔a与b的方向相同C.AB→＋BA→＝0D．若λ≠0，λa＝λb，则a＝b[解析]对于A，当a＋b＝0时，其方向任意，它与a，b的方向都不相同；对于B，当a，b中有一个为零向量时结论不成立；对于C，因为两个向量之和仍是一个向量，所以AB→＋BA→＝0；对于D，λ(a－b)＝0时，∵λ≠0，∴此时一定有a＝b.故选D.提能训练练案[30]A组基础巩固一、单选题1．如图，D、E、F分别是等边△ABC各边的中点，则下列结论成立的是(B)A.DE →＝DF →B ．EF→＝12BC →C.EF →＝CD →D ．2DE →＝AC →[解析]本题可通过相等向量的性质得出结果.DE→与DF →方向不同，A 错误；因为E 、F 分别是AB 、AC 的中点，所以EF ∥BC 且EF ＝12BC ，故EF→＝12BC →，B 正确；EF →与CD →方向相反，C 错误；DE →与AC →方向相反，D 错误．故选B.2.如图，设P ，Q 两点把线段AB 三等分，则下列向量表达式错误的是(D )A.AP→＝13AB →B ．AQ→＝23AB →C.BP→＝－23AB →D ．AQ→＝BP →[解析]由数乘向量的定义可以得到A ，B ，C 都是正确的，只有D 错误．3．(2022·四川成都七中一诊)已知点O ，A ，B 不在同一条直线上，点P 为该平面上一点，且2OP →＝2OA →＋BA →，则(B )A ．点P 在线段AB 上B ．点P 在线段AB 的反向延长线上C ．点P 在线段AB 的延长线上D ．点P 不在直线AB 上[解析]∵2OP →＝2OA →＋BA →，∴2OP →－2OA →＝BA →，即2AP →＝BA →，∴点P 在线段AB 的反向延长线上，故选B.4．(2018·课标全国Ⅰ)设D ，E ，F 分别为△ABC 的三边BC ，CA ，AB 的中点，则EB→＋FC →＝(A )A.AD →B ．12AD→C ．BC→D ．12BC→[解析]EB→＋FC →＝12(AB →＋CB →)＋12(AC →＋BC →)＝12(AB →＋AC →)＝AD →，故选A.5．(2022·辽宁丹东模拟)设平面向量a ，b 不共线，若AB→＝a ＋5b ，BC →＝－2a＋8b ，CD→＝3(a －b )，则(A )A ．A ，B ，D 三点共线B ．A ，B ，C 三点共线C ．B ，C ，D 三点共线D ．A ，C ，D 三点共线[解析]∵AB →＝a ＋5b ，BC →＝－2a ＋8b ，CD →＝3(a －b )，AD →＝AB →＋BC →＋CD →＝(a ＋5b )＋(－2a ＋8b )＋3(a －b )＝2(a ＋5b )＝2AB →，∴AD →与AB →共线，即A ，B ，D 三点共线，故选A.6．(2024·南昌质检)已知a ，b 是不共线的向量，AB →＝λa ＋b ，AC →＝a ＋μb (λ，μ∈R )，若A ，B ，C 三点共线，则λ，μ的关系一定成立的是(A )A ．λμ＝1B ．λμ＝－1C ．λ－μ＝－1D ．λ＋μ＝2[解析]∵A ，B ，C 三点共线，∴存在实数t ，使AB→＝tAC →，即λa ＋b ＝t a ＋μt b ＝t ，＝1消去参数t ，得λμ＝1；反之，当λμ＝1时，AB →＝1μa ＋b ＝1μ(a ＋μb )＝1μAC →，此时存在实数1μ使AB →＝1μAC →，故AB→和AC →共线．∵AB →与AC →有公共点A ，∴A ，B ，C 三点共线，故选A.7．如图所示，在△ABC 中，点D 在边BC 上，且CD ＝2DB ，点E 在AD 上，且AD→＝3AE →，则下面不正确的是(C )A.AD→＝13AC →＋23AB →B ．CE→＝13AD →－AC →C.CE →＝29AB →＋89AC →D ．CE→＝29AB →－89AC →[解析]∵CD ＝2DB ，点E 在AD 上，AD →＝3AE →，∴AD →＝AC →＋CD →＝AC →＋23CB→＝AC →＋23(AB →－AC →)＝13AC →＋23AB →，∴CE →＝AE →－AC →＝13AD →－AC →＝19AC →＋29AB →－AC →＝29AB →－89AC →.故选C.8.如图，在平行四边形ABCD 中，E 为BC 的中点，F 为DE 的中点，若AF →＝xAB →＋34AD →，则x 等于(C )A.34B ．23C ．12D ．14[解析]连接AE (图略)，因为F 为DE 的中点，所以AF→＝12(AD →＋AE →)，而AE→＝AB →＋BE →＝AB →＋12BC →＝AB →＋12AD →，所以AF →＝12(AD →＋AE →)＋AB →＋12AD ＝12AB →＋34AD →，又AF →＝xAB →＋34AD →，所以x ＝12.二、多选题9．(2023·湖北枣阳白水高中期中改编)下列说法正确的是(BC )A ．单位向量都相等B ．模为0的向量与任意向量共线C ．平行向量一定是共线向量D ．任一向量与它的相反向量不相等[解析]对于A ，单位向量的模相等，方向不一定相同，所以A 错误；对于B ，模为0的向量为零向量，零向量和任意向量共线，所以B 正确；对于C ，共线向量是方向相同或相反的非零向量，也叫平行向量，所以C 正确；对于D ，零向量与它的相反向量相等，所以D 错误，故选BC.10．下列选项中的式子，结果为零向量的是(AD )A.AB→＋BC →＋CA →B.AB →＋MB →＋BO →＋OM →C.OA→＋OB →＋BO →＋CO →D.AB →－AC →＋BD →－CD→[解析]利用向量运算，易知A ，D 中的式子结果为零向量．11．(2023·广东仲元中学期中改编)在平行四边形ABCD 中，下列结论错误的是(AC )A ．|AB →|＝|AD →|一定成立B.AC→＝AB →＋AD →一定成立C.AD→＝CB →一定成立D.BD →＝AD →－AB →一定成立[解析]在平行四边形ABCD 中，AC→＝AB →＋AD →一定成立，AD →＝CB →一定不成立，BD →＝AD →－AB →一定成立，但|AB →|＝|AD →|不一定成立，故选AC.三、填空题12．已知平行四边形ABCD 的对角线AC 和BD 相交于点O ，且OA ＝a ，OB →＝b ，则DC→＝b －a ，BC→＝－a －b .(用a ，b 表示)[解析]如图，DC →＝AB →＝OB →－OA →＝b －a ，BC →＝OC →－OB →＝－OA →－OB →＝－a －b .13．如图所示，下列结论正确的是①③.①PQ→＝32a ＋32b ；②PT →＝－32－32；③PS →＝32a －12b ；④PR→＝32a ＋b .[解析]由a ＋b ＝23PQ →，知PQ →＝32a ＋32b ，①正确；由PT →＝32a －32b ，从而②错误；PS→＝PT →＋b ，故PS →＝32a －12b ，③正确；PR →＝PT →＋2b ＝32a ＋12b ，④错误．故正确的为①③.14．设a 和b 是两个不共线的向量，若AB →＝2a ＋k b ，CB →＝a ＋b ，CD →＝2a －b ，且A ，B ，D 三点共线，则实数k 的值等于－4.[解析]∵A ，B ，D 三点共线，∴AB →∥BD →.∵AB →＝2a ＋k b ，BD →＝BC →＋CD →＝a －2b ，∴k ＝－4.故填－4.15.如图所示，已知∠B ＝30°，∠AOB ＝90°，点C 在AB 上，OC ⊥AB ，若用OA→和OB →来表示向量OC →，则OC →＝34OA →＋14OB →.[解析]易知OC→＝OA →＋AC →＝OA →＋14AB →＝OA →＋14(OB →－OA →)＝34OA →＋14OB →.四、解答题16．已知O ，A ，B 是不共线的三点，且OP →＝mOA →＋nOB →(m ，n ∈R )．(1)若m ＋n ＝1，求证：A ，P ，B 三点共线；(2)若A ，P ，B 三点共线，求证：m ＋n ＝1.[证明](1)若m ＋n ＝1，则OP→＝mOA →＋(1－m )OB →＝OB →＋m (OA →－OB →)，∴OP→－OB →＝m (OA →－OB →)，即BP →＝mBA →，∴BP →与BA →共线．又∵BP→与BA →有公共点B ，则A ，P ，B 三点共线．(2)若A ，P ，B 三点共线，则存在实数λ，使BP →＝λBA →，∴OP→－OB →＝λ(OA →－OB →)．∴OP→＝λOA →＋(1－λ)OB →，①又OP →＝mOA →＋nOB →，②由①②得λOA →＋(1－λ)OB →＝mOA →＋nOB →，∵OA →，OB →不共线，＝m ，－λ＝n ，∴m ＋n ＝1.B 组能力提升1．在四边形ABCD 中，AB →＝a ＋2b ，BC →＝－4a －b ，CD →＝－5a －3b ，则四边形ABCD 的形状是(C )A ．矩形B ．平行四边形C ．梯形D ．菱形[解析]∵AD →＝AB →＋BC →＋CD →＝－8a －2b ＝2(－4a －b )＝2BC →，∴AD→∥BC →.又AB →与CD →不平行，∴四边形ABCD 是梯形．2．(2022·广西玉林高中模拟)设D ，E ，F 分别为△ABC 三边BC ，CA ，AB 的中点，则DA→＋2EB →＋3FC →＝(D )A.12AD →B ．32AD→C ．12→D ．32AC→[解析]∵D ，E ，F 分别为△ABC 的三边BC ，CA ，AB 的中点，∴DA →＋2EB →＋3FC→＝12(BA →＋CA →)＋2×12(AB →＋CB →)＋3×12(AC →＋BC →)＝12BA →＋12CA →＋AB →＋CB →＋32AC →＋32BC →＝12AB →＋12BC →＋AC →＝32AC →.3．(2023·衡水调研)如图所示，在正方形ABCD 中，E 为BC 的中点，F 为AE 的中点，则DF →＝(D )A ．－12AB →＋34AD→B ．12AB →＋23AD→C.13AB →－12AD →D ．12AB →－34AD→[解析]DF→＝AF →－AD →，AE →＝AB →＋BE →.∵E 为BC 的中点，F 为AE 的中点，∴AF →＝12AE →，BE →＝12BC →，∴DF→＝AF →－AD →＝12AE →－AD →＝12(AB →＋BE →)－AD →＝12AB →＋14BC →－AD →，又BC →＝AD →，∴DF →＝12AB →－34AD →.4．在△ABC 中，点D 是边BC 的中点，点G 在AD 上，且是△ABC 的重心，则用向量AB→、AC →表示BG →为(B )A.BG →＝－13AB →＋23AC→B ．BG →＝－23AB →＋13AC→C.BG→＝－23AB →－13AC →D ．BG →＝23AB →＋13AC →[解析]根据三角形重心关系有AG →＝23AD →＝13(AB →＋AC →)，BG →＝AG →－AB →，即可化简得解．在△ABC 中，点D 是边BC 的中点，点G 在AD 上，且是△ABC的重心，所以AG →＝23AD →＝23×12(AB →＋AC →)＝13(AB →＋AC →)，BG →＝AG →－AB →＝13(AB →＋AC →)－AB →＝－23AB →＋13AC →.故选B.5.(多选题)设点M 是△ABC 所在平面内一点，则下列说法正确的是(ACD )A ．若AM →＝12AB →＋12AC →，则点M 是边BC 的中点B ．若AM→＝2AB →－AC →，则点M 在边BC 的延长线上C ．若AM→＝－BM →－CM →，则点M 是△ABC 的重心D ．若AM →＝xAB →＋yAC →，且x ＋y ＝12，则△MBC 的面积是△ABC 面积的12[解析]若AM →＝12AB →＋12AC →，则点M 是边BC 的中点，故A 正确；若AM→＝2AB →－AC →，即有AM →－AB →＝AB →－AC →，即BM →＝CB →，则点M 在边CB 的延长线上，故B 错误；若AM→＝－BM →－CM →，即AM →＋BM →＋CM →＝0，则点M 是△ABC 的重心，故C 正确；如图，AM →＝xAB →＋yAC →，且x ＋y ＝12，可得2AM→＝2xAB →＋2yAC →，2x ＋2y ＝1，得B 、N 、C 三点共线．设AN →＝2AM →，则M 为AN 的中点，则△MBC 的面积是△ABC 面积的12，故D 正确．故选ACD.6．(1)设e 1，e 2是两个不共线向量，已知AB →＝2e 1－8e 2，CB →＝e 1＋3e 2，CD →＝2e 1－e 2.①求证：A ，B ，D 三点共线；②若BF →＝3e 1－k e 2，且B ，D ，F 三点共线，求实数k 的值；(2)已知a ，b 不共线，若向量2k a －b 与a －k b 共线反向，求实数k 的值．[解析](1)①证明：由已知得BD →＝CD →－CB →＝(2e 1－e 2)－(e 1＋3e 2)＝e 1－4e 2，∵AB →＝2e 1－8e 2，∴AB →＝2BD →，又AB →与BD →有公共点B ，∴A ，B ，D 三点共线．②由①可知BD →＝e 1－4e 2，又BF →＝3e 1－k e 2，由B ，D ，F 三点共线，得BF →＝λBD →，即3e 1－k e 2＝λe 1－4λe 2，＝3，k ＝－4λ，解得k ＝12，(2)∵2k a －b 与a －k b 共线反向，∴存在实数λ使2k a －b ＝λ(a －k b )(λ<0)．k ＝λ，＝1，∴k ＝±22.又λ<0，∴k ＝－22.。
高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit3DiverseCultures教师用书新人教版
Unit 3 Diverse CulturesⅠ．词块记单词1．definitely feel good 确实感觉很好2．near downtown 在市中心附近3．ic art 漫画艺术4．on beautiful china plates 在漂亮的瓷盘上5．a jazzbar 一个爵士乐酒吧6．draw a diagram 画一个图表7．in the journal 在日志中8．escape the cold winter 避开寒冷的冬天9．financial problems 财政问题10．wear jeans and boots 穿牛仔裤和靴子11．paper folding book 折纸书12．super excited 格外激动13．the percentage of ...……的百分比14．the mildclimate 温和的气候15．settle in the area 定居在这一地区16．use materials donated from China 使用中国捐赠的材料17．contain all the important information 包含所有重要信息18．in a neat row 排得整整齐齐Ⅱ．语境记单词1．People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting．(diverse) 2．It was fortunate for me that I made a large fortune when I was abroad．But unfortunately, on the way home, I lost the money, which made me very upset．(fortune) 3．Tom applied for admission to the graduate programme at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last．(admit)4．The city has a long history．It has many historic sites, which are of historical importance．(history)5．It's reported that the coach will select twelve basketball players to take part in the sports meeting．The final team selection will be made tomorrow．(select) 6．This is a collection of poetry which was written by a lot of famous poets in the Tang Dynasty．(poet)7．Yesterday, he was poisoned because of exposure to poisonous chemicals．Luckily,he was rushed to the hospital and saved in time．(poison)8．Collected by many different fans of stamps, this collection of stamps is collective wealth．(collect)9．He gave some constructive suggestions on how to construct the office building and now it is under construction．(construct)10．I found a suitable shopping mall，where last night, I bought a coat that suited me just fine．(suit)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．The Internet and 5G technology have brought about (导致；引起) many changes in education．2．I headed to (朝……前进) Guangzhou recently to help launch our new pany．3．It was not long before they left their village to seek their fortune (寻找出路) in big cities．4．Activities available include squash, archery and swimming, to name but a few (仅举几例)．5．Apart from (除了……外) my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what I'm interested in．6．So she did everything in her power to calm him down and shared a series of (一系列) learning tips with him．7．To earn/make a living (谋生), many people went to build the railway that joined California to the western region of the country．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．由于如此多的人缺席，会议不得不推迟。
2023-2024学年江西吉安人教版高考专题英语高考复习习题及解析
2023-2024学年江西吉安人教版高考专题英语高考复习1.书面表达第1题.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
续写的词数应为150左右。
"Mommy, don't go," my three-year-old son screamed as I walked to the door. My fifteen-year-old leaned against the kitchen counter with his arms folded across his chest, not screaming, but glaring at me as I pulled his little brother off my legs."Are you mad at me too?""You spend all your time taking care of other people's kids, but what about us?" Dylan left angrily.I was shocked and a little hurt. How could my own child not understand that the work I was doing was saving lives? Then the answer hit me. He didn't know, because he had never seen what Healing the Children actually did. Dylan had heard the stories of sick children, but had never once looked into the eyes of a child and understood the hard truth—that without our help, the child would likely die."Get dressed. You are going with me." I said.I spend the drive explaining the case of Hector to my son, who pretended to ignore me the entire time. "He's seven, only weighs thirty pounds and isvery sick. He has a heart condition called Tetralogy of Fallot, which could kill him. It is a miracle（奇迹）that he is still alive."I went on to explain that it took a team of volunteer medical staff to get Hector to the hospital from his remote village and care for him while he was there. Still, Dylan seemed unimpressed.We stopped at a convenience store for water and snacks. Dylan had one large and one small Slurpee（思乐冰饮料）. He said the small one was for Hector. I doubted whether the little guy would be able to drink it, but remained silent. This was the first interest Dylan had shown in being there. I wasn't about to ruin it.I stopped at the nurse's station to check on Hector's progress while Dylan went to his room. Our patient was recovering physically, but the nurse was concerned that Hector was struggling emotionally. She said "Kids usually bounce back fast, but he hardly speaks and never smiles."【答案】Imagine my surprise when I heard laughter from Hector's room. I entered and found Dylan sitting on the edge of Hector's bed wiping pieces of frozen drink from Hector's mouth. Both boys were giggling and Hector was apparently enjoying the company. I spent the rest of the day speaking to doctors and watching my son playing with the special little boy. It was truly amazing to watch them interact, as if it were the most natural thing in the world. Perhaps to the two of them it was.On the way home that night, Dylan asked me several times whether Hector would be okay. I told him this boy would get well but he had a hard road ahead of him. My son seemed to be lost in thought for a while. Then he declared his decision to join Healing the Children as a volunteer to help Hector and other children. I never thought that a moody teenager would take up the volunteer work and never again complain about his mother's crazy work schedule.【解答】Imagine my surprise when I heard laughter from Hector's room. I entered and found Dylan sitting on the edge of Hector's bed wiping pieces of frozen drink from Hector's mouth. Both boys were giggling and Hector was apparently enjoying the company. I spent the rest of the day speaking to doctors and watching my son playing with the special little boy. It was truly amazing to watch them interact, as if it were the most natural thing in the world. Perhaps to the two of them it was.On the way home that night, Dylan asked me several times whether Hector would be okay. I told him this boy would get well but he had a hard road ahead of him. My son seemed to be lost in thought for a while. Then he declared his decision to join Healing the Children as a volunteer to help Hector and other children. I never thought that a moody teenager would take up the volunteer work and never again complain about his mother's crazy work schedule.第2题.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
2023-2024学年江西吉安人教版高考专题英语高考复习共20题(含答案解析)
1.填空题根据首字母及汉语提示，用单词的适当形式填空。
1.（1）Someone tried to p________（毒死）our dog yesterday.答案'（1）poison'解析（1）poison 考查动词。
根据汉语及首字母提示可知，动词poison符合语境，try to do sth“尽力做某事”为固定搭配，又因为空前已有动词不定式标志词to，所以空处应用动词原形。
故答案为poison。
1.（2）Mother p________（倒）sugar out of a bag into a pot, then went to the kitchen.答案'（2）poured'解析（2）poured 考查一般过去时。
根据汉语及首字母提示可知，动词pour符合语境，根据后句中的谓语动词went可知，此句为一般过去时，空处动词应用过去式形式。
故答案为poured。
1.（3）You should a________（申请）immediately, in person or by letter.答案'（3）apply'解析（3）apply 考查动词。
根据汉语及首字母提示可知，动词apply符合语境，空处位于情态动词should之后，应用动词原形。
故答案为apply。
1.（4）He a________（瞄准）his gun at the lion and fired but missed it.答案'（4）aimed'解析（4）aimed 考查一般过去时。
根据汉语及首字母提示可知，动词aim符合语境，空处动词与后面的fired为and连接的并列成分，形式应保持一致，所以空处也应用动词过去式形式。
故答案为aimed。
1.（5）Finally we a________（采用）their teaching methods.答案'（5）adopted'解析（5）adopted 考查一般过去时。