上海市普陀区2018届高三下学期质量调研(二模)英语试卷Word版含答案
普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研 英语试卷 考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of
each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Rainy D. Cloudy.
2. A. 110 minutes. B. 120 minutes. C. 130 minutes. D. 140 minutes.
3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Boss and assistant. C. Professor and student. D. Husband and wife.
4. A. In a meeting room. B. In a reference room. C. At a booking office. D. At a police station.
5. A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech. 6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset. B. He’s an hour late for the interview. C. The woman should be patient. D. He’s too nervous to calm down.
7. A. The man is intelligent enough. B. The man does not work hard enough. C. The man should get some sleep. D. The man is hard-working.
8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B. He wants to spend more time with his family. C. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job. D. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. 9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studies. B. The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degree. C. The woman insists that her son should major in science. D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision.
10. A. It ran into another car. B. It fell into a river and sank. C. It broke down on the road. D. It left the road and landed in a field.
Section B 15% Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you
will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording. 11. A. Noise. B. Smoking. C. Litter. D. Drinking.
12. A. A tour guide. B. A conductor. C. A teacher. D. A lawyer. 13. A. To prepare people for international travel. B. To make the laws of different kinds. C. To inform people of the punishment for breaking laws. D. To give advice to travelers to the country.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording. 14. A. Conference with the course tutor. B. Active attendance and commitment. C. Punctuality and politeness. D. Debate and essay preparation.
15. A. Inform the teacher in advance. B. Just do not choose the course. C. Drop out of the course. D. Make it up later
16. A. One that is written by hand. B. One that is original. C. One that is revised by the tutor. D. One that keeps to the instructions.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His knees and fingers ache. B. He doesn’t feel like eating. C. He can’t sleep very well. D. His blood pressure is high.
18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with rays. B. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with rays. C. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with rays. D. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays. 19. A. Every day for seven weeks. B. Three times a week for seven weeks. C. Three times a week for three weeks. D. Twenty times for two weeks.
20. A. Use hot water pads. B. Sit by the stove. C. Drink cold water. D. Take cold baths.
II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jim Thompson Jim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended. Thompson was born in Delaware (21) _____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered (22) _____ (serve) in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East (23) _____ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming (24) _____ (involve) in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel. While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across (25) _____ he considered exquisite (精美的) samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that (26) _____ (become) rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27) _____ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived (复兴) and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy. With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest in architecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had (28) _____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29) _____ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected. In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues (30) _____ (find) as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single–handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.
上海市普陀区2020届高三质量调研(二模)英语试题含答案
普陀区2020学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2020 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2020 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do seeparticularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomedmore men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on itscreator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .”Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someoneelse.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .”It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.”I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .”“It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easily Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________ Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.”“ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
上海市普陀区2020届高三质量调研(二模)英语试题有答案(已纠错)
普陀区高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fi sh, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularlystrong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. (29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professionaldevelopment.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____ the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there havefrequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s des perate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Roman ic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row housein Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .”It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.”I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .”“It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easilySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.”“ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in theAmerican Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
上海市普陀区2018届高三下学期质量调研(二模)数学试题(答案简略)
上海市普陀区2018届高三二模数学试卷2018.04一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分） 1. 抛物线212x y =的准线方程为 2. 若函数1()21f x x m =-+是奇函数，则实数m =3.若函数()f x =的反函数为()g x ，则函数()g x 的零点为4. 书架上有上、中、下三册的《白话史记》和上、下两册的《古诗文鉴赏辞典》，现将这 五本书从左到右摆放在一起，则中间位置摆放中册《白话史记》的不同摆放种数为 （结果用数值表示）5. 在锐角三角形ABC ∆中，角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，若222()tan b c a A bc +-=， 则角A 的大小为6. 若321()nx x -的展开式中含有非零常数项，则正整数n 的最小值为 7. 某单位有两辆车参加某种事故保险，对在当年内发生此种事故的每辆车，单位均可获赔 （每辆车最多只获一次赔偿），设这两辆车在一年内发生此种事故的概率分别为120和121， 且各车是否发生事故相互独立，则一年内该单位在此种保险中获赔的概率为 （结果用最简分数表示）8. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l的参数方程为x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），椭圆C 的 参数方程为cos 1sin 2x y θθ=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩（θ为参数），则直线l 与椭圆C 的公共点坐标为 9. 设函数()log m f x x =（0m >且1m ≠），若m 是等比数列{}n a （*n N ∈）的公比，且2462018()7f a a a a ⋅⋅⋅=，则22221232018()()()()f a f a f a f a +++⋅⋅⋅+的值为10. 设变量x 、y 满足条件0220x y x y y x y m-≥⎧⎪+≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪+≤⎩，若该条件表示的平面区域是三角形，则实数m 的取值范围是11. 设1{|(),2xM y y x ==∈R }，1{|(1)(1)(||1)(2),12}1N y y x m x x m ==+-+--≤≤-， 若N M ⊆，则实数m 的取值范围是12. 点1F 、2F 分别是椭圆22:12x C y +=的左、右焦点，点N 为椭圆C 的上顶点，若动点 M满足：212||2MN MF MF =⋅ ，则12|2|MF MF +的最大值为二. 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. 已知i 为虚数单位，若复数2()a i i +为正实数，则实数a 的值为（ ） A. 2B. 1C. 0D. 1-14. 如图所示的几何体，其表面积为(5π，下部圆柱的底面主视图的面积为（ ） A. 4B. 6C. 8D. 1015. 设n S 是无穷等差数列{}n a 前n 项和（*n N ∈），则“lim n n S →∞存在”是“该数列公差0d =”的（ ）条件A. 充分非必要B. 必要非充分C. 充分必要D. 既非充分也非必要16. 已知*k N ∈，,,R x y z +∈，若222()5()k xy yz zx x y z ++>++，则对此不等式描述正确的是（ ）A. 若5k =，则至少存在一个以x 、y 、z 为边长的等边三角形B. 若6k =，则对任意满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，都存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的三角形C. 若7k =，则对任意满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，都存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的三角形D. 若8k =，则对满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，不存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的直角三角形三. 解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17. 如图所示的正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的底面边长为1，侧棱12AA =，点E 在棱1CC上，且1CE CC λ=（0λ>）.（1）当12λ=时，求三棱锥1D EBC -的体积； （2）当异面直线BE 与1D C 所成角的大小为2arccos 3时，求λ的值.18. 已知函数2()sin cos sin f x x x x =-，x ∈R . （1）若函数()f x 在区间[,]16a π上递增，求实数a 的取值范围；（2）若函数()f x 的图像关于点11(,)Q x y 对称，且1[,]44x ππ∈-，求点Q 的坐标.19. 某市为改善市民出行，大力发展轨道交通建设，规划中的轨道交通s 号线线路示意图 如图所示，已知M 、N 是东西方向主干道边两个景点，P 、Q 是南北方向主干道边两个景点，四个景点距离城市中心O 均为，线路AB 段上的任意一点到景点N 的距离 比到景点M 的距离都多10km ，线路BC 段上的任意一点到O 的距离都相等，线路CD 段上的任意一点到景点Q 的距离比到景点P 的距离都多10km ，以O 为原点建立平面直 角坐标系xOy .（1）求轨道交通s 号线线路示意图所在曲线的方程； （2）规划中的线路AB 段上需建一站点G 到景点Q 的距离最近，问如何设置站点G 的位置？20. 定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足：对任意的实数x ，存在非零常数t ，都有()()f x t tf x +=-成立. （1）若函数()3f x kx =+，求实数k 和t 的值；（2）当2t =时，若[0,2]x ∈，()(2)f x x x =-，求函数()f x 在闭区间[2,6]-上的值域； （3）设函数()f x 的值域为[,]a a -，证明：函数()f x 为周期函数.21. 若数列{}n a 同时满足条件：① 存在互异的,p q ∈*N 使得p q a a c ==（c 为常数）； ② 当n p ≠且n q ≠时，对任意n ∈*N 都有n a c >，则称数列{}n a 为双底数列. （1）判断以下数列{}n a 是否为双底数列（只需写出结论不必证明）： ①6n a n n=+； ②sin 2n n a π=； ③|(3)(5)|n a n n =--；（2）设501012150250n n n n a m n --≤≤⎧=⎨+>⎩，若数列{}n a 是双底数列，求实数m 的值以及数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S ； （3）设9(3)()10nn a kn =+，是否存在整数k ，使得数列{}n a 为双底数列？若存在，求出所有的k 的值，若不存在，请说明理由.上海市普陀区2018届高三二模数学试卷2018.04一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分） 1. 抛物线212x y =的准线方程为 【解析】3y =- 2. 若函数1()21f x x m =-+是奇函数，则实数m =【解析】12m =3.若函数()f x =的反函数为()g x ，则函数()g x 的零点为【解析】(0)f =()g x的零点为x =4. 书架上有上、中、下三册的《白话史记》和上、下两册的《古诗文鉴赏辞典》，现将这 五本书从左到右摆放在一起，则中间位置摆放中册《白话史记》的不同摆放种数为 （结果用数值表示）【解析】4424P =5. 在锐角三角形ABC ∆中，角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，若222()tan b c a A bc +-=， 则角A 的大小为 【解析】1sin 2A =，6A π= 6. 若321()nx x-的展开式中含有非零常数项，则正整数n 的最小值为 【解析】235+=，最小值为57. 某单位有两辆车参加某种事故保险，对在当年内发生此种事故的每辆车，单位均可获赔 （每辆车最多只获一次赔偿），设这两辆车在一年内发生此种事故的概率分别为120和121， 且各车是否发生事故相互独立，则一年内该单位在此种保险中获赔的概率为 （结果用最简分数表示） 【解析】192021202121-⋅= 8. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l的参数方程为x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），椭圆C 的参数方程为cos 1sin 2x y θθ=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩（θ为参数），则直线l 与椭圆C 的公共点坐标为【解析】2x y =2241x y +=，公共点坐标为( 9. 设函数()log m f x x =（0m >且1m ≠），若m 是等比数列{}n a （*n N ∈）的公比，且2462018()7f a a a a ⋅⋅⋅=，则22221232018()()()()f a f a f a f a +++⋅⋅⋅+的值为【解析】22221232018132017242018()()()()2log ()2log ()m m f a f a f a f a a a a a a a +++⋅⋅⋅+=⋅⋅⋅+⋅⋅⋅24201810092log 142(71009)141990ma a a m ⋅⋅⋅=+=-+=-10. 设变量x 、y 满足条件0220x y x y y x y m -≥⎧⎪+≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪+≤⎩，若该条件表示的平面区域是三角形，则实数m 的取值范围是【解析】数形结合，4(0,1][,)3+∞11. 设1{|(),2xM y y x ==∈R }，1{|(1)(1)(||1)(2),12}1N y y x m x x m ==+-+--≤≤-， 若N M ⊆，则实数m 的取值范围是【解析】(1)0N f >，(2)0N f >，∴取值范围为(1,0)-12. 点1F 、2F 分别是椭圆22:12x C y +=的左、右焦点，点N 为椭圆C 的上顶点，若动点 M 满足：212||2MN MF MF =⋅ ，则12|2|MF MF +的最大值为【解析】6二. 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. 已知i 为虚数单位，若复数2()a i i +为正实数，则实数a 的值为（ ） A. 2B. 1C. 0D. 1-【解析】D14.如图所示的几何体，其表面积为(5π，下部圆柱的底面主视图的面积为（ ） A. 4B. 6C. 8D. 10【解析】224(51r r r r πππ+=⇒=，选B15. 设n S 是无穷等差数列{}n a 前n 项和（*n N ∈），则“lim n n S →∞存在”是“该数列公差0d =”的（ ）条件A. 充分非必要B. 必要非充分C. 充分必要D. 既非充分也非必要 【解析】A16. 已知*k N ∈，,,R x y z +∈，若222()5()k xy yz zx x y z ++>++，则对此不等式描述正确的是（ ）A. 若5k =，则至少存在一个以x 、y 、z 为边长的等边三角形B. 若6k =，则对任意满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，都存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的三角形C. 若7k =，则对任意满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，都存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的三角形D. 若8k =，则对满足不等式的x 、y 、z ，不存在以x 、y 、z 为边长的直角三角形 【解析】B三. 解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17. 如图所示的正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的底面边长为1，侧棱12AA =，点E 在棱1CC上，且1CE CC λ=（0λ>）.（1）当12λ=时，求三棱锥1D EBC -的体积； （2）当异面直线BE 与1D C 所成角的大小为2arccos3时，求λ的值.【解析】（1）1111326V =⋅⋅=；（2）建系，λ=18. 已知函数2()sin cos sin f x x x x =-，x ∈R . （1）若函数()f x 在区间[,]16a π上递增，求实数a 的取值范围；（2）若函数()f x 的图像关于点11(,)Q x y 对称，且1[,]44x ππ∈-，求点Q 的坐标.【解析】（1）1())42f x x π=+-，结合图像，3[,)816a ππ∈-；（2）1(,)82Q π--19. 某市为改善市民出行，大力发展轨道交通建设，规划中的轨道交通s 号线线路示意图 如图所示，已知M 、N 是东西方向主干道边两个景点，P 、Q 是南北方向主干道边两个景点，四个景点距离城市中心O 均为，线路AB 段上的任意一点到景点N 的距离 比到景点M 的距离都多10km ，线路BC 段上的任意一点到O 的距离都相等，线路CD段上的任意一点到景点Q 的距离比到景点P 的距离都多10km ，以O 为原点建立平面直 角坐标系xOy .（1）求轨道交通s 号线线路示意图所在曲线的方程；（2）规划中的线路AB 段上需建一站点G 到景点Q 的距离最近，问如何设置站点G 的位置？【解析】（1）线路AB ：2212525x y -=； 线路BC ：2225x y +=；线路CD ：2212525y x -=（2）2222(275d x y y =+-=-+，2y =时，距离最近，代入双曲线，x =，∴(2G20. 定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足：对任意的实数x ，存在非零常数t ，都有()()f x t tf x +=-成立. （1）若函数()3f x kx =+，求实数k 和t 的值；（2）当2t =时，若[0,2]x ∈，()(2)f x x x =-，求函数()f x 在闭区间[2,6]-上的值域； （3）设函数()f x 的值域为[,]a a -，证明：函数()f x 为周期函数.【解析】（1）()3(3)k x t t kx ++=-+，∴0kt k +=，330kt t ++=，解得0k =，1t =- （2）(2)2()f x f x +=-，分析函数图像可知(3)2f =-最小，(5)4f =最大，值域[2,4]- （3）略21. 若数列{}n a 同时满足条件：① 存在互异的,p q ∈*N 使得p q a a c ==（c 为常数）； ② 当n p ≠且n q ≠时，对任意n ∈*N 都有n a c >，则称数列{}n a 为双底数列. （1）判断以下数列{}n a 是否为双底数列（只需写出结论不必证明）：①6n a n n=+； ②sin 2n n a π=； ③|(3)(5)|n a n n =--；（2）设501012150250n n n n a m n --≤≤⎧=⎨+>⎩，若数列{}n a 是双底数列，求实数m 的值以及数列{}n a的前n 项和n S ；（3）设9(3)()10nn a kn =+，是否存在整数k ，使得数列{}n a 为双底数列？若存在，求出所 有的k 的值，若不存在，请说明理由. 【解析】（1）① 是，② 不是，③ 是；（2）50511a a m =⇒=-，当150n ≤≤，2100n S n n =-；当51n ≥，4922548n n S n -=-+（3）根据题意，0k <，139n n a a n k+=⇒=-，∴1k =-或3k =-。
2023届上海市普陀区高三二模英语试卷及答案
普陀区2022学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Her working all day long. B.The gathering of friends.C.The annoying housework.D.The busy schedule.2.A.He likes cooking food himself. B.She thinks frozen food is unhealthy.C.He accepts the woman’s invitation.D.She prefers eating outside.3.A.The movie is not suitable for kids. B.The kids like Spider Man.C.The kids were frightened by the movie.D.The movie is quite boring.4.A.Tom invites Susan to his wedding. B.Tom will get married to Susan.C.Susan invites both Tom and Anna.D.Anna will attend Tom’s wedding.5.A.She is drinking tea. B.She likes reading magazines.C.She doesn’t like the pictures.D.She doesn’t know any Japanese.6.A.1hour. B.2hours. C.3hours. D.4hours.7.A.Supermarket. B.Drug store.C.Barber shop.D.The other side of the street.8.A.The bad weather stopped him. B.His shoes were worn out.C.He didn’t like the hiking trip.D.He was too tired to continue.9.A.A full-time student. B.An exchange student.C.A visiting scholar.D.A part-time student.10.A.He is talkative. B.He is bossy.C.He is confident.D.He is trustworthy.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following recording.11.A.The brain function of the mouse.B.The result of a study on mice.C.The way of learning and memorizing.D.The relationship between sleep and health.12.A.Sleep problem. B.Brain disease.C.Cell space.D.Brain structure.13.A.Brain diseases are difficult to solve.B.The reason why scientists and philosophers argue.C.Scientists search for better ways to treat brain diseases.D.The brain of a mouse is the same as that of a human.Questions14through16are based on the following recording.14.A.Protecting against junk food.B.Selling more junk food to people.C.Displaying little junk food on TV or in movies.D.Showing people happily eating unhealthy food.15.A.Because people want to be beautiful.B.Because good-looking people talk a lot.C.Because good-looking people buy a lot of products.D.Because good appearance is associated with products.16.A.He’s the boss of the BBC. B.He sells products to the BBC.C.He doesn't like any advertisements.D.He trusts anyone who admits mistakes.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A thunderstorm accident. B.A cable problem.C.The quality of television.D.A computer system breakdown.18.A.Lightning. B.Power cut.C.Faulty wiring.D.System failure.19.A.Wait at home. B.Keep the cable disconnected.C.Keep the TV on.D.Call the cable center for help.20.A.On Saturday morning. B.On Saturday afternoon.C.On Tuesday morning.D.On Tuesday afternoon.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Intentional Travel for the CuriousFor those seeking a different adventure around every corner,the state of Florida doesn’t disappoint.Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches(21)______they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic(水生的)life.Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders(22)______naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country’s most beautiful trails.No matter your passion,look no farther than the Sunshine State(23)______(satisfy)your scientific and cultural curiosities.Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks?(24)______(locate)on Florida’s East Coast,Daytona Beach is full of things to do,places to see,and experiences of a lifetime.It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world(25)______promises to make visitors return again and again.When it comes to Florida,people often think of the beaches—and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach(26)______(bless)with23miles of beautiful white-sand beaches.This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you(27)______actually take a drive on the beach—an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain.Take in the sights and(28)______(breathe)in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach.Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy(29)______(explore)Daytona Beach’s offshore reef system.To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.It is where hundreds of manatees(海牛)seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring.Want more exposure to aquatic animals?Ecotourism is one of the best ways to see Florida’s(30)______(impressive)species.The family will love the Marine Science Center,which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observation tower.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.confirmedB.measurableC.previouslyD.determineE.trackingF.habitableG.virtuallyH.sensitiveI.protectJ.surprisedK.systemA New Exoplanet in the SystemIn2014,data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138.This was based on a(31)______dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star,a transit.Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir,from the University of New Mexico,came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary(32)______with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between2014and2016to catch more transits of Kepler-138d,the third planet in the system,in order to study its atmosphere.While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138,Piaulet and her team were(33)______to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system,Kepler-138e.This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others,taking38days to complete an orbit. The planet is in the(34)______zone of its star,a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water.Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to(35)_______its size.With Kepler-138e,the masses of the(36)______known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method,which consists of(37)______small variations in the precise moments of the planets’transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.The researchers had another surprise:they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets,with (38)______the same size and mass,while they were previously thought to be greatly different.The closer-in planet, Kepler-138b,on the other hand,is(39)______to be a small Mars-mass planet,one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.“As our instruments and techniques become(40)______enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars,we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138c and d,”Benneke concluded.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Challenge-based learning is often focused on the challenges that have global impact.The students,who(41) ______the challenge,often don’t know what the solution will be.The facilitator is keeping them from(42)______a solution too early,and encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view,and from different scientific perspectives,”says Vilma Sukacke,a researcher at Kaunas University of Technology(KTU),Lithuania.Such a learning approach is very fitting to sustainability education,which,according to various scholars,(43) ______a contextual,problem-oriented,reflective,interdisciplinary(跨学科),collaborative,participatory,and empowered learning environment.In other words,educators have to(44)______from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education.Aiming to evaluate the(45)______of such approaches,a group of researchers from Lithuanian,Danish,German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,(46)______the three active learning methods,i.e.,project-,problem-and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE(analysis,design,development, implementation,and evaluation)framework.(47)______the educators agree that problem-based learning(PBL),project-based learning(PJBL)and,more recently,challenge-based learning(CBL)are efficient in teaching the students to(48)______technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal(横向)skills,such as teamwork,communication and conflict resolution,the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides.“In my practice,I have noticed that sometimes students are(49)______innovative learning methods and are considering them as a sort of a game.As these classes often take place in a playful environment,full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks,it’s difficult for the students to take them(50)______.Therefore,it’s very important to(51)______the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly,”says Professor Saule Petroniene from KTU Faculty of Social Sciences,Arts and Humanities,a co-author of the study.According to her,to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However,this effort(52)______,especially when students continue their activities outside school and focus on solving (53)______social problems.Researchers believe that the(54)______of CBL,PJBL,and PBL requires a paradigm(范式)shift,where organization,staff and students change their view to education and learning.In this process,both teachers and students need to apply new skills and(55)______roles that they might not have needed before.41.A.allow B.introduce C.accept D.expect42.A.carrying on B.focusing on C.applying for D.inquiring about43.A.cares about B.tells of C.turns to D.calls for44.A.shift B.differ C.suffer D.learn45.A.outcome B.efficiency C.impact D.value46.A.exploring B.applying C.modifying D.explaining47.A.Whether B.As long as C.Although D.Because48.A.develop B.include C.associate D.integrate49.A.approving B.questioning C.preventing D.adopting50.A.affectionately B.calmly C.seriously D.coolly51.A.transfer B.change municate D.express52.A.pays off B.goes away C.gives off D.breaks down53.A.subjective B.real C.imaginary D.virtualbination anization C.realization D.cooperation55.A.take on B.put away C.send for D.deal withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Mona Lisa,also called Portrait of Lisa Gherardini,wife of Francesco del Giocondo,Italian La Gioconda,or French La Joconde,oil painting on a wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci,is probably the world’s most famous painting.It was painted sometime between1503and1519,when Leonardo was living in Florence,and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum,Paris,attracting people throughout the world to see it in the21st century.The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.But at least a dozen excellent copies of the Mona Lisa exist,many of them by Leonardo’s students.One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.However,during the restoration of the painting in the early2010s,which included using advanced reflexology to examine the work beneath the surface,conservators discovered that the painting had changes that mirrored those of the original.The findings suggested that the artist—likely one of the master’s assistants—painted the copy as Leonardo worked on the Mona Lisa in his studio.Thus,“the Prado version”became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background,revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors,possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.Other copies of the Mona Lisa include so-called Isleworth Mona Lisa,which some critics claim is da Vinci’s first edition.The claim was a controversial one,with several leading Leonardo scholars flatly denying it.Numerous interpretations,often referred to as Monna Vanna,also exist and were likely completed by Leonardo’s students with occasional input from their master.In June,a copy of the Mona Lisa is said to have been sold for a record2.9million euros(22million yuan)at Christie’s in Paris.The copy is believed to have been made by a follower of Leonardo da Vinci in the early17th century and later was purchased by Harkin in1953from an art dealer in Nice,France,hence it got the name Heggin’s Mona Lisa. High imitation is also worth money!As the art investment market heats up,various art reproductions continue to emerge. Collectors have not shut out these fine copies,some of which have not only made it into the house,but also sold for high prices.Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction?This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.56.What can we learn about Mona Lisa in Para.1?A.This painting has been sold out.B.Her smile and identity arouse people’s curiosity.C.The painting is said to be hanging in Florence now.D.The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci in France.57.What does“the Prado version”refer to in the passage?A.All the restored copies.B.The works of early restorers.C.A copy from the Prado Museum.D.An excellent copy of da Vinci.58.Why don’t collectors turn away these wonderful reproductions?A.Because of the entertainment.B.Because of the love for painters.C.Because of the short supply.D.Because of the high returns.59.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.Mona LisaB.Other Mona LisasC.Mona Lisa’s SmileD.Mona Lisa’s ValueIf you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer,it would take you a lifetime!However,most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone,but in2-3full days,you will be able to hit most of the highlights.There is no such thing as racing around the park.Yellowstone has154miles of a main highway,known as the Grand Loop Road.The general park speed limit is45miles per hour but in normal traffic,you will be lucky to average30miles per hour.Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance.If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park,it will take at least1.2to2hours at almost every stop.In addition,there will be any number of unscheduled stops,such as waiting for wild animals to cross the roadA suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate,which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson,Wyoming.Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old Faithful. Although,not the largest geyser(间歇泉)to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of eruption.The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year.As you enter the Park,ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption of Old Faithful.As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road,keep an eye out for wildlife.At Grant Village Junction,turn left(west) and head toward Old Faithful Village.Once at Old Faithful Village,take some time to walk around the boardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin.Include the1.4-mile walk to Morning Glory Pool,one of the most colorful thermal(热能)features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin.The area is scattered andfeatures regularly erupting geysers,hot springs,and a fascinating mud pool.Afterleaving the Lower Geyser Basin,continue north to Norris Junction and stay to theright to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyserbasins,Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat.Inaddition,there are several miles of boardwalks from which you can explore dozensof multi-colored thermal features.A.Some people live in parks all their lives.B.Hardly anyone can see the whole park.C.The park can provide you with everything.D.It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.61.What does the underlined phrase“unscheduled stops”refer to?A.The walking speed of wild animals being affected.B.Travelers’stopping and going in the park.C.The vehicles’being parked in the proper area.D.The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.62.Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph4-5?A. B. C. D.The world is wasting the opportunity to“build back better”from the Covid-19pandemic,and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least2.7℃if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments,according to a report from the UN.Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’current commitments would reduce carbon by only about7.5%by2030, far less than the45%cut,which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to1.5℃,the aim of the Cop26 summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.António Guterres,the UN secretary-general,described the findings as a“thundering wake-up call”to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.Although more than100countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century,this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters,according to the UN emissions report,which examines the shortfall between countries’intentions and actions needed on the climate.Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear,and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.Guterres said:“The heat is on,and as the contents of the report show,the leadership we need is off.Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving,planet-saving ways.As world leaders prepare for Cop26,this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”Inger Andersen,the director of the UN Environment Programme(UNEP)said:“Climate change is no longer a future problem.It is a now problem.To stand a chance of limiting global warming to1.5℃,we have8years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions:8years to make the plans,put in place the policies,carry them out and deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”Emissions fell by about5.4%last year during Covid lockdowns,the report found,but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions.This failure to“build back better”despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis,the UN said.In the run-up to Cop26,countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions–called nationally determined contributions(NDCs)–for the next decade,a requirement under the2015Paris climate agreement.But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs,and some governments had presented weak plans.63.Why were the findings described as a“thundering wake-up call”in Para.3?A.Because the world has failed to deliver on its current promises.B.Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.C.Because a global temperature rise of at least2.7℃would be a disaster.D.Because the opportunities presented by covid-19have been wasted.64.According to the author,in what circumstances is global warming avoidable?A.New plans will be made to protect the environment.B.Measures will be taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years.C.Transitions will be made in response to the global climate crisis.D.Global sustainable environmental resources will be greatly developed.65.What is the author’s purpose in saying“How many do we need?”in Para.5?A.To show the number of alarm clocks required.B.To inquire the number of the countries attending the meeting.C.To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances.D.To stress the need to save energy and reduce emissions.66.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.B.Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.C.Plans to cut emissions of many countries are far from satisfactory.D.Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.When it rains,water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.B.Many of their houses are well-preserved today,especially in Xidi and Hongcun.C.To talk about Huizhou culture,we must first understand Huizhou.D.People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls,windows and wooden posts of their houses.E.Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.F.Huizhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.Huizhou Architecture Comes to LifeHuizhou has a long history.When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years.(67)__________Now,walking along the bluestone streets there, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles(瓦片)and layered horse-head roofs,and feel like they are lost in a traditional Chinese ink painting.Huizhou architecture,with its long tradition and great diversity,occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape,says Zhang Wangnan,director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan.Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places,since Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land,according to Zhang.Moreover,daylight is valued in Huizhou houses,reflected in the building of open interior courtyards,allowing sunshine to enter the rooms.“Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth.(68)__________It stands for keeping windfall profits,”says Zhang.Huizhou is famous for its stone,wood and brick carvings,which are widely used to decorate local houses.“(69) __________In this way,they integrate their aesthetic(审美)values and emotions into the buildings,making them more beautiful and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,”says Zhang.(70)__________“If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house,it seems simple,enclosed by walls,but the insides are open and broad,with complicated decorations.It is just like Huizhou people,who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them,”says Zhang.He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the Qing Dynasty in many aspects,for example,having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.How to Stay Healthy in AutumnIn recent days,the weather in most regions is no longer hot,and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However,there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening,and the air is also drier.All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose,sore throat,dry cough,dry hair loss and other symptoms.People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn.So,here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.Do eat watery food.According to traditional Chinese medicine,autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body. Pay attention to wet lungs in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water.In addition,you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine,eating some watery food,like pear and duck meat.Do have easily digested food.People’s spleen(脾)and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long,hot summer.So in autumn,you should give your spleen and stomach a rest.For example, you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat,such as fish and red bean.Be sure to take vitamin supplements.Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system.The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion.It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C,such as kiwi and oranges.Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength,ensure their health and enhance their immunity.In autumn,it is suggested that you go to bed at9pm,or try to fall asleep before11o’clock.If you sleep at this time,it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。
2018年普陀区初三英语二模答案
2018年普陀区初三英语二模答案1、You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking, _______ you’ll get better soon. [单选题] *A. butB. afterC. orD. and(正确答案)2、When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back one the shelf, ____? [单选题] *A. do youB. don’t youC. will you(正确答案)D. won’t you3、The manager demanded that all employees _____ on time. [单选题] *A. be(正确答案)B. areC. to beD. would be4、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert5、Alice is a ______ girl. She always smiles and says hello to others.（）[单选题] *A. shyB. strictC. healthyD. friendly(正确答案)6、If you know the answer, _______ your hand, please. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put downC. put onD. put in7、David ______ at home when I called at seven o’clock yesterday evening. （）[单选题] *A. didn’tB. doesn’tC. wasn’t(正确答案)D. isn’t8、Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see _______. [单选题] *A. herB. him(正确答案)C. itD. them9、75．Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A．go out(正确答案)B．to go outC．going outD．goes out10、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard11、I often _______ music from the Internet. [单选题] *A. download(正确答案)B. spendC. saveD. read12、My father and I often go ______ on weekends so I can ______ very well. （）[单选题] *A. swim; swimmingB. swims; swimC. swimming; swimmingD. swimming; swim(正确答案)13、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)14、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that15、Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and _______ is noisy. [单选题] *A. anotherB. the other(正确答案)C. othersD. other16、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding17、The museum is _______ in the northeast of Changsha. [单选题] *A. sitB. located(正确答案)C. liesD. stand18、I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy _____. [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. oneC. thisD. that19、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)20、1——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.——_______ , thanks. Ithink I can manage. [单选题] *A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all right(正确答案)D. There’s no way21、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth22、He held his（）when the results were read out. [单选题] *A. breath(正确答案)B. voiceC. soundD. thought23、37．—What will you be ___________?—I'm not sure. Maybe I'll be a doctor like my father. [单选题] *A．right nowB．in the future(正确答案)C．at onceD．at the moment24、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does25、I’m so tired after _______ walk. [单选题] *A. three hour’sB. three hours’(正确答案)C. three hoursD. three hour26、63．There will be? ? ? ? ??? water on the road after the heavy rain. [单选题] *A．too much(正确答案)B．much tooC．too manyD．many too27、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until28、If you had told me earlier, I _____ to meet you at the hotel. [单选题] *A. had comeB. will have comeC. would comeD. would have come(正确答案)29、It' s a pity that we have to stay at home when we are having（）weather. [单选题] *A. so fineB. so fine aC. such fine(正确答案)D. such a fine30、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an。
2018年上海市普陀区初三英语二模试卷及答案
第 份2018届中考模拟试卷讲义普陀区二模年月日普陀区2017学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷 2018年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分）Part I Listening（第一部分听力）Ⅰ（听力理解）.Listening comprehensionA.Listen and choose the right picture（根据你所听到的内容，选择相应的图片）1.____2._____3.____4._____5._____6.______B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）7.A. By car. B. By underground. C. By bus D. By bikeengineerdoctor. C.AnD.Anactor cook B.A8.A.Apoorbusbad D.The9.A. The dirty streets B. The busy citylife C.Theservice10.A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. D. Customer and clerk11.A. Nice trips. B. Favorite sports. C. Public pleas D. Healthy &inks12. A.At the restaurant B. At the library.C.At the supermarketD. At the Dost officeB.Makefilm.apizzaaA.13.Seebookreview.aabook. D.FinishC.Read14. A. Tim went to the library to have a talk with Moly.B.Moly missed the art lessons in the afternoonC. The monitor organized a discussion about the spring outing.D. The two speakers had a meeting on the art projects.C .Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true and false（判断下列语句是否符合你听到的内容，符合的部分用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）15.Sara used to buy lottery tickets（彩票）and could always win some money.16.Once Sara won $55 million and was suddenly known by many people.17.Over 200 people sent Sara e-mails tom ask for suggestion about how to win lottery tickets.18.Sara moved to another town in order to keep away from the news reporters.19.Sara set up a group to help poor students start their business after college.20.Sara is famous because she has done some good things with the money she has.D. Listen to the passage and complete to following sentence（听短文，完成下列句子。
2019年4月上海普陀区九年级初三二模英语试卷及参考答案、评分标准(含听力材料,word版)
普陀区2018-2019学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷 2019年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) （6分）1．________ 2. _______ 3. _________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. _________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案) (8分)（）7. A. By car. B. By plane. C. By bus. D. By train.（）8. A. In Australia. B. In Britain. C. In America. D. In France.（）9. A. Flower seeds. B. Pink roses.C. Concert tickets.D. Beautiful pots.（）10. A. In the library. B. At a shop. C. In a restaurant. D. At the bank.（）11. А. Favourite books. B. Nice places. C. Interesting movies. D. Cute pets.（）12. A. Clare. B. John. C. Robin. D. Peter.（）13. A. Because he had a headache.B. Because he had watched an exciting football game.C. Because he had drunk too much coffee.D. Because he had worked for a long time.（）14. A. She will buy a new flat next month.B. She wants to move out of Spring Garden.C. She dislikes her noisy neighbours.D. She is giving Frank suggestions for moving,C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (6分)（）15. Jack Wang owned one million dollars at the age of 23.（）16. Jack was happy that he didn't have to look for jobs like his college friends.（）17. Once Jack learnt about the poor children on TV and decided to help them with $1,000.（）18. Jack helps the poor children through an organization and gets a report every year.（）19. An African girl told Jack that his money enabled her to see the doctor.（）20. 36-year-old Jack lives a simple life in order to offer more help to the poor children. D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences (听对话，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词) (10分)21. When Mark is working, he likes to stand for the __________ __________.22. According to some doctors, standing while working provides people with a __________ __________to live.23. A study shows if people sit for over 6 hours a day, they are more likely __________ __________.24. Besides, standing while working lets people feel as if they are __________ __________.25. Doctors think people should __________ __________rather than just stand there all day.Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A. I’ve got a pl easant little flat.B. Tourists enjoy sunshine on the beach.C. Please stand there and breathe deeply.D. Cycling is a cheap way to get around.27. When you play ________ violin, you need to pick it up by your neck with your left hand.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. Armstrong was the captain and he was responsible________ the journey.A. atB. toC. forD. on29. Many children like to talk to ________ when they are alone.A. themB. theirC. theirsD. themselves30. Tina bought lots of interesting books, ________ she didn’t have time to read them.A. andB. soC. butD. or31. The basketball game between Boston and Utah was exciting. ________ of the teams played well.A. BothB. AllC. NoneD. Neither32. Tammy is a drama actress and she rushes from one theatre to ________ at weekends.A. anotherB. the otherC. otherD. others33. There were________ visitors in the museum than I had expected.A. manyB. moreC. mostD. the most34. Thanks to our government, we feel________ at any time in this city.A. safeB. saveC. safelyD. safety35. Sandy usually sleeps with the window open ________ it’s really cold.A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. after36. Wendy was considering if she ________ to the manager about the awful food the next day.A. complainsB. had complainedC. has complainedD. would complain37. ---How old is the house?---It ________ by my grand grandfather in 1940A. is builtB. was builtC. will be builtD. has been built38. There was a lot of traffic, but Dan and his friends managed ________ at the airport in time.A. arriveB. arrivedC. to arriveD. arriving39. My grandma’s memory is getting worse. She keeps________ things and people’s n ames.A. forgetB. forgotC. to forgetD. forgetting40. The house was quiet when Fiona went home. Everyone________ to bed.A. goesB. goC. has goneD. had gone41. Jane________ the plant in the garden when the phone in the living room rang.A. watersB. has wateredC. was wateringD. will water42. ---________ can I have my clothes back?---In about three days.A. How manyB. How soonC. How fastD. How far43. We ________ take a taxi or rent a car home tonight, but we haven’t decided yet.A. mayB. needC. mustD. should44. ---The school bus is coming. Remember to take you calculator.---________.A. Yes, I’d like to.B. Thank you. I willC. That’s all right.D. Sorry to hear that.45. ---________.---No problemA. I’ve got a terrible stomachache.B. Would you like some more juice?C. You look great in jeans.D. Could you help me with the luggage?III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。
2018届上海市长宁区、嘉定区高三第二次质量调研(二模)英语试卷及答案 精品
长宁区2015年高三英语教学质量抽测试卷第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the bus station. B. At the airport.C. At the post office.D. At the bank.2. A. Librarian and reader. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Shop-assistant and customer.3. A. It is quite interesting.B. It's time-consuming.C. It isn't worth seeing.D. It is very expensive.4. A. To complain about her heater. B. To go over for the heater.C. To get some electric power.D. To have her heater repaired.5. A. To postpone his schedule. B. To book in another hotel.C. To stay in the spare room.D. To reserve a room in advance.6. A. Accident victims. B. Rescue work.C. Plane crashes.D. Crash survivors.7. A. He has some trouble with his computer. B. He isn't getting along well with the staff.C. He hasn't registered for a proper course.D. Hecan't apply the theory to his program.8. A. She went out of the way to meet the man. B. She was pleased to talk with the man.C. She took the man where he wanted to go.D. She missedthe chance to help the man.9. A. Smith will keep the surprise party a secret.B. Lucy hasn't got any promise from Smith.C. They shouldn't have told Lucy about the party.D. There's no secret between Smith and Lucy.10. A. Volunteers have to connect the community.B. The man has no time to do voluntary work.C. Voluntary work requires devotion of time.D. Many people have signed up for voluntary work.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three question on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Nick lost the book Ivan borrowed from the library.B. The book Ivan borrowed from Nick was missing.C. Nick and Ivan had conflicts in Ms. Salmon's class.D. Ivan was asked to return the book before finishing it.12. A. She asked Nick and Ivan to solve the problem by themselves.B. She gave Nick and Ivan the solution to their problem immediately.C. She asked students in social studies class to help solve the problem.D. She persuaded Ivan to pay for the book that Nick lent to him.13. A. A good way to resolve conflicts is to turn to your best friends.B. Nick and Ivan were unsatisfied with the solution to their problem.C. Signing an agreement helped to solve Nick and Ivan's problem.D. Social studies class can equip students with skills to resolve conflicts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbor's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)We had to climb right up the hill , which is very steep, and ,when close under it , it seemed to be high, but we soon reached the top . When we were there, we had lost sight of the lake; and now our road was over a wild land.____25_____(go) a little way, we saw before us , at the distance of about half a mile, a very large stone building, with a high wall round it , neither field nor tree near. The wild land was overgrown with grey grass that cattle might feed upon. We could not tell ___26_____ this building was. It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms; but for what purpose? William called out to us that we should observe that place well, for it was exactly like one of the shelters of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), ___28____(build) for the reception of travelers, and indeed I had thought it ____29_____ be so. This building, from its singular structure and appearance, made the place , which is itself in a country ____30_____ Scotland, remarkable. When we ___31____(pass) it and looked back, three pyramidal mountains on the opposite side of Lock Lomond endedthe view, ____32_____ in certain kind of weather might be very grand. Our highland companion had not got enough English to give us any information concerning this srange building . What we could only get from her was that it was a "large house", which was plain enough.(B)All plants need water to grow. Watering plants seems like a simple task but it actually requires many considerations. For example , plants growing in areas with low rainfall or areas ____33___(expose) to dry wind require more water. On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require ___34_____(frequent) watering . The watering of plants should not be viewed as a minor process in gardening ___35______ this task plays an extremely important role in ensuring healthy plant growth.Let's first take a closer look at plants growing in gardens. Since watering is a critical gardening task, ____36___ accessible water supply is vital. A garden tap witha hose of sufficient length to reach the furthest part of the garden ____37_____(prefer). This tends to make watering much easier and ensures adequate water is provided for the plants. Most inexperienced gardeners water little ____38____very frequently. This is undesirable as it encourages shallow root growth. In addition, watering in full sun causes leaves to lose water quickly from the surface of the soil. Therefore, some experts recommend ____39______(install) an automatic watering system.As for plants growing in pots or containers, they tend to lose water rapidly. One way to reduce such a risk is ____40_____(group) the plants close together to keep moisture. Try to move them to a shady place if you are away from home for a few days. Otherwise, you will return home to see your plants dead.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note thatthere is one word more than you need.in the gay effusions (流露) of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of ____44____ and even a holidayis almost deprivation (丧失). Whether a man writes well orill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writingat all, he will appreciate the pleasures of composition.To sit at the table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of uninterruptible ____45 plenty of nice white paper and a pen is true happiness. With the complete absorption of the mind upon a(n) ____46 occupation, what more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons may do what it likes,and so may the House of Lords. The bottom may be____47 clean out of the American market. The heathen (异教徒) may show ___48 anger in every part of the globe. Never mind,for four hours, at any rate, we will ____49 ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and ____50____ world.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American economic analyst declared, "Our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into habits, that we seek our __51___ satisfaction, our self-satisfaction in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced at an ever ___52___ rate." Americans have __53____ to the call, and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even deeply rooted in social ___54__. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economies, Japan and the United States, show consumerist definitions of success becoming very popular.Over consumption by the fortunate in the world is anenvironmental problem ___55___ in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their increasing exploitation of resources __56___ to exhaust or unalterably spoils forests, soils, water, air and climate.Ironically (有讽刺意味的), high consumption may be a __57___ blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been ___58___ in the rush to riches.Thus, many people in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow. With the __59____ of a consumerist culture, they also think that they have been ___60__ attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.___61___, the opposite of overconsumption—poverty—is no ___62___ to either environmental or human problems. It is much worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Peasants who have nothing left cut-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民) turn their animals out onto African grassland,reducing it to ___63____.If environmental ___64___ results when people have eithertoo little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? Whendoes having more ___65___ to add noticeably to human satisfaction?51. A. natural B. spiritual C. culturalD. actual52. A. promising B. promoting C. fallingD. increasing53. A. proved B. returned C. respondedD. persevered54. A. values B. moralities C. identitiesD. problems55. A. qualified B. unmatched C. comparedD. unprocessed56. A. happens B. manages C. startsD. threatens57. A. mixed B. detected C. countedD. terrified58. A. promoted B. sacrificed C. satisfiedD. relieved59. A. improving B. neglecting C. sponsoringD. misleading60. A. fruitlessly B. successfully C. occasionally D. eagerly61. A. As a result B. For instance C. Of courseD. From then on62. A. solution B. pollution C. consideration D. contribution63. A. attraction B. rubbish C. homelandD. desert64. A. construction B. destruction C. development D. improvement65. A. remain B. occur C. ceaseD. happenSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in their place loosel relationships with passing acquaintances(相识之人). However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet citydwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity(多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditionalkinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.66. According to the paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________.A) tended to acqaint themselves with people passing byB) could not develop very close relationships wth othersC) bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relativesD) usually had more friends than small-town residents67. One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents__________ .A. suffer fron the lack of friendshipB. lower the quality of relationshipsC. show little concern for other peopleD. become suspicious of each other68.We can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is,__________A) the more open-minded people are B. the moresimilar its interests isC) the more likely it it to display stress D) the better its quality of life is69. What is the passage mainly about?A. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small townsB. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and townsC The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society.D The strong feeling of alienation that city inhabitants are suffering.(B)TRAIN TRAVEL INFORMATIONWe offer several distinct options for you to choose theticket that suits you best.Only one discount may apply to each fare.CHANGES AND REFUNDSTickets may be refunded not later 5 minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of the ticket price, or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price. (Not applicable to same dayreturns.)CHANGES FOR SAME DAY TRAVELYou may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket. INFORMATION OF INTEREST TO TRAVELLERSWhen you buy your ticket, it is up to you to check that the dates and time of the journey on it are exactly as you requested.Tickets control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before departure of the train.Each traveler may take one suitcase and one item of hand luggage. You may also check in 15kgs of luggage not later than 30 minutes before departure, at no extra charge.If you would like to charter a train, or make reservations for over 25 passengers traveling together, call the Sales Department.OUR TIMETABLE IS GUARANTEEDIf the arrival of your train at you destination is delayed by more than 5 minutes according to the timetable, we will refund the full price of your ticket if the delay is caused by our company.70.How much will a passenger pay if he wants to alter his ticket to three days later?A.25% of the original priceB.20% of the original priceC.15% of the original priceD.10% of the original price71.The limit of luggage for a single passenger is .A.One suitcase, one handbag and one 15kgs check-in luggageB.One handbag, two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.C.One handbag and two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.D.One suitcase, one handbag and one 30kgs check-in luggage.72.What does the Train Company guarantee?A.Students,children,senior citizens and groups can get 25% discount of the original price.B.Passengers get the full price of the tickets back if the train if delayed over five minutes.C.Same-day-returns can be fully refunded if they are canceled two minutes before departure.D.People with Globe-trotter tickets can take any kind of the discounts listed in the brochure.(C)How do predators (猎食动物) affect populations of the prey (猎物) animals? The answer is not as simple as might be thought. The Moose(麋鹿) reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and bred freely there in isolation without predators. When wolves later reached the island, naturalists widely assumed that the wolves would play a key role in controlling the moose population. Careful studies have demonstrated, however, that this is not the case. The wolves eat mostly old or diseased animals that would not survive long anyway. In general, the moose population is controlled by food availability, disease and other factors rather than by wolves.When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions, the predator often wipes out its prey and then becomes extinct itself. However, if safe areas likethose prey animals have in the wild are provided, the prey population drops to low level but not extinction. Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators, causing the predator population to decrease. When this occurs, the prey population can rebound. In this situation the predator and prey population may continue in this cyclical pattern for some time.Population cycles are characteristic of small mammals, and they sometimes appear to be brought about by predators. Ecologists studying hare populations have found that the North American snowshoe hare follows a roughly ten-year cycle. Its numbers fall tenfold to thirty in a typical cycle, and a hundredfold change can occur. Two factors appear to be generating the cycle: food plants and predators.The preferred foods of snowshoe hares are tender willow branches. As the hare population increases, the quantity of these branches decreases, forcing the hares to feed on low-quality high-fiber food. Lower birth rates and low growth rates follow, so there is a corresponding decline in hare abundance. Once the hare population has declined, it takes two to three year for the quantity of branches torecover.A key predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx. The Canada lynx shows a ten-year cycle of abundance(大量) that parallels the abundance cycle of hares. As hare numbers fall, so do lynx numbers, as their food supply decreased.Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species. Without predators, the species that is the best competitor for food, shelter, and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes. This phenomenon is known as “competitor exclusion”. However, if the community contains a predator of the strongest competitor species, then the population of that competitor is controlled. Thus even the less competitive species are able to survive. From the stand point of diversity(多样性), it is usually a mistake to eliminate a major predator from a community.73.The author uses the example of the moose and wolves on Isle Royale to _________________.A. provide evidence that predators influence preypopulationsB. question the belief in the effect of predators on prey populationsC. demonstrate predator population grows faster than that of the preyD. prove that studies of isolated populations tend to be useful74.The word “rebound”in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.A. ReactB. ResistC. RemainD. Recover75.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Laboratory results can’t explain the changes in predator and prey populations of the wild.B. The growth of hare population may lead to a corresponding increase in its birth rates.C. The experimental environments can promote the growth of predator and prey populations.D. The existence of a major predator in a community is a threat to the diversity of species.76.What can we conclude from the passage about the cycle of the Canada lynx?A. When hare numbers decrease, lynx numbers increase.B. It has a great effect on the number of snowshoe hare.C. It closely follows the cycle of the snowshoe hare.D. It is not directly related to the availability of lynx food.77.What is the best title of this passage?A. What role predators play in keeping competitor species.B. Whether predators have an impact on prey populations.C. A study of the populations of the predator and prey animals.D. Contributing factors of the changes in animal populations.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possiblewords.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the mostmagnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.Courage is a quality we cherish. Yet only lately has it been studied systematically to try to define what it is and is not, where it comes from and why we love it so much. "Courage helps to define the excellent person," write George Kateb, a political theorist at Princeton University. "One of the worst criticism in the world is to be called a coward, a quite timid person."For many people, courage is most readily displayed in battle; for example, the brave soldier running into the line of fire to rescue the injured.Yet George Kateb says that if courage finds its highest expression in war, then the trait (特性) becomes immoral, ennobling killing by insisting that only in battle can people discover the depths of their nobility. Thus, it makes killing a noble thing.Stanley J Rachman of the University of British Columbia studies paratroopers (伞兵) preparing for their first jump. The work revealed three different groups: the fearless who jumped without hesitation; the timid whose fear kept them from jumping; and finally, the ones who reacted physiologically like the timid but acted like the fearless leaper, and jumped.Rachman considered the final group courageous, defining courage as "a behavioral approach in spite of the experience of fear". Thus, courage becomes the property of anyone who does something that he or she fears.In interviewing 320 children aged from 8 to 13, Peter Muris of Erasmus University, Rotterdam, of the Netherlands and his colleagues found that children also consider courage as the conquering of one's fears; and more than 70% claimed they had performed brave acts, including stealing money from one's mother's purse.Joel Berger, a biologist with the Wildlife Conservation Society in Montana, US, also distinguishes between animals that behave bravely due to a lack of awareness and experience, and those that are aware of a danger but proceed anyway.He recalled the time he and his colleagues had cornered a young bison (野牛) to take blood samples. At that time, an adult male bison was standing guard, refusing to let the scientists approach. "He knew that he could be attacked by us," said Berger. "I'd call this a courageous, even heroic act."78.What does George Kateb think of courage?79.Why did Rachman think that the third group were courageous?80.Peter Muris found that most children demonstrated their courage _________________________________________ .81.The writer uses the example of an adult bison to . (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 人们越来越依赖互联网。
上海市普陀区2021届高三英语二模试题 (含听力)(原卷版)
What does the woman imply?
A. Jack won't listen to her advice.
B. Jack has been to USA before.
C. She doesn't think Jack should work overseas.
A. Colleagues.B. Classmates.
C. Schoolmates.D. Roommates.
18. What can you learn about the man in the conversation?
A. He hasn't finished his paper.B. lie has bought a lot of new clothes.
A. To move to a neat dormitory.B. To find a person to share the apartment.
C. To clean the room together.D. To write an article about their roommate.
10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
C. The restaurant is close to the library.D. Food isn't allowed in the library.
9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the two speakers most probably going to do?
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What's the disadvantage of wearing a mask during exercise?
上海市普陀区2018学年第二学期八年级期末英语试卷(word 版 含听力文字和答案)
普陀区2018学年第二学期初二英语学科期末质量调研卷答题时间：90分钟满分：100分2019.6Part 1 Listening（第一部分听力）（共25分）I. Listen and choose the right picture.（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（5分）A B CD E F1. ________2. ________3.________4.________5. ________II. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear. （根据你听到的对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案）（8分）( ) 6. A. Tonight. B. This afternoon. C. Tomorrow morning. D. Tomorrow evening. ( ) 7. A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By bike. D. On foot.( ) 8. A.A hamburger. B. A salad. C. Fried rice. D. Orange juice. ( ) 9. A. At the airport. B. In a bookstore. C. In the hospital. D. In the library. ( ) 10. A. Doctor. B. Policeman. C. Teacher. D. Waiter.( ) 11. A. Housework. B. Holiday plan. C. Homework. D. Hometown. ( ) 12. A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. D. Four times a day. ( ) 13. A. Because someone is in the house. B. Because there is something wrong with it.C. Because the man turned in on just now.D. Because the man forgot to turn it off.III. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false.（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）(4分)( )14. Mr. Brown was rich and money was his favourite.( )15. Mr. Brown sometimes invited his friends to his home.( )16. Someone robbed Mr. Brown on his way to collect the money.( )17. Mr. Brown would try to help others after he got the help from the old woman.IV. Listen to the passage and complete the sentences.（根据你听到的短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）（8分）18. Each class stood for a different country, and the writer’s son ________ ________about Australia, England, France and so on.19.A Chinese girl explained in ________ ________that they imagined the life of earlyAmericans and wrote the diaries.20. Then it was the writer’s son’s turn to be the ________ ________.21. Students got the different awards and knew how to be ________ ________ others’ work.Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar（第二部分词汇和语法）（共35分）V. Choose the best answer: (13分)( ) 22. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A. They are the two main characters in this novel.B. He bought some Christmas gifts for his children yesterday.C. It is said that chocolate is good for our heart.D. Factories mustn’t pour chemicals into rivers.( ) 23. There will be ______ exhibition about flowers this Sunday.A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 24. Mary’s birthday is coming. She will invite you and ______ to her birthday party.A. IB. meC. mineD. myself ( ) 25. With the help of their teachers, they have made ______ mistakes this term than before.A. lessB. a littleC. fewerD. a few ( ) 26. The story happened ______ the evening of National Day.A. onB. inC. atD. of( ) 27. Linda isn’t in Shanghai now. She ______ to America.A. fliesB. is flyingC. has flownD. will fly ( ) 28.We ______ touch or take pictures of these exhibits(展品) because it’s against the rules.A. wouldn’tB. may notC. needn’tD. must n’t ( ) 29. The government ______ lots of money protecting of the environment in China every year.A. is spendingB. spendsC. has spentD. will spend ( ) 30. There is little ______ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some for breakfast.A. tomatoB. potatoC. breadD. egg( ) 31. What is the best way ______ a foreign language?A. studyB. studiedC. studyingD. to study ( ) 32. Could you tell me if it ______ this evening?A. rainsB. will rainC. rainedD. would rain ( ) 33. ______ it’s your first visit to Britain, you’d better not miss its famous museums.A. SinceB. WhenC. As soon asD. Although ( ) 34. —Mark, please don’t waste water. It’s very precious.—______A.That’s all right.B. Sorry, I won’t.C. You are welcome.D. OK, with pleasure. VI. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. （5分）Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork, and parents might worry about their child’s 35 at school. Teenagers often think they should be allowed to develop their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree?Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old student from Shandong, is 36 of running. He is on his school running team and has always wanted to be a professional athlete(专业运动员). However, his parents don’t allow him to train as much as he would like to. “Of course we want to see Liu Yu 37 his dreams,” says his father, “and we know how much he loves running. My wife and I have watched every 38 he has taken part in. We know he is excellent in running, and we are 39 of him. But He needs to think about what will happen if he can’t be a professional runner in the end.”35. ________ 36. ________ 37.________ 38.________ 39. ________VII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (7分)40. We held a big family party on my brother’s ________ birthday yesterday. (nine)41. Jerry can talk with the visitors in ________ because he lived in Paris for ten years. (France)42. More and more foreigners are learning to________ Chinese nowadays. (speech)43. Switch off the power! We should save ________. (electrical)44. I’m ________ sorry for what I have done. (true)45.Susan doesn’t like the ________ weather in London. (change)46. The taxi ________ in the small city is developing fast. (servant)VIII. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (10分)47. She has a wonderful memory when she is still a little girl. (改成否定句)She ________ ________ a wonderful memory when she is still a little girl.48. He did his homework more carefully the second time. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ he do his homework the second time?49. It is exciting to go surfing on the beach in summer. (改成感叹句)________ ________ it is to go surfing on the beach in summer!50. Judy is wondering. Did Mike pass the exam? (合并成一句)Judy is wondering ________ Mike ________ the exam?51. Mr. Li, flying kites, saw, in the garden, his children, excitedly (连词成句)___________________________________________________________________Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分读写)IX. Reading comprehension (阅读理解) (共50分)A. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (6分)While good grades and test are the basic requirements(要求)for getting into college, after-school activities are becoming more important in the college selection process(选拔过程)in the US. As entrance into college has become more difficult, colleges have looked more at what skills you have. Taking part in after-school activities is a great way.High School ClubsMost high schools offer a lot of clubs and activities, so it is easy to find something that you are interested in. Colleges look for students who will also be active other than test scores.There are many clubs in school, such as the drama(戏剧) club and a book club. You may even be able to find a club related to a future job, such as Future Teachers of America.High School SportsIf you want to go to college and want to take part in sports at a college level, then this fact just might give you a chance. It is a good idea to focus on one single sport. If you want to study in a college on sportsandneed the college scholarships(奖学金), it would be better if you decide which sport to do. In this way, you will have enough time to build your skills.High School Publications(出版物)Another smart way to be active in high school and show colleges that you are interested in activities more than academics(学术) is to be a part of your school newspaper or magazine. There may be an actual class you can join or you may join a club. Being in high school publications can be very helpful if you want to major in language or education in college.( ) 52. N ow in the US, colleges have focused more on the students’ ________ during the selection process.A. good gradesB. family backgroundC. skillsD. scholarships ( )53. After-school activities include all of the following except ________.A. joining a clubB. doing a part-time jobC. working on school’s newspaperD. taking part in sports( ) 54. Joining a club may help students________.A. learn a language better .B. get higher scores in school subjectsC. make more good friendsD. know more about their future jobs ( ) 55. Being ________ is important if you want to major in education in college.A. an editor of school newspaperB. a basketball player in school teamC. a waiter in the school canteenD. an actor in school drama club( ) 56. This passage is probably written for ________ to read.A. teachersB. studentsC. parentsD. headmasters ( ) 57. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. the US colleges prefer to have students who study very hardB. you must take actual classes to be part of school’s newspaperC. being good at sports is considered important in the US college selectionD. you can easily find a suitable club to join in every high school in the USB. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (6分)I need to get some things to clean the house this weekend so I went to a local store. While walking around, I realized that I wasn’t smiling at anyone. That was usual for me. I almost always smile at strangers with the 58 to make their day a little brighter. But in that special moment, I was thinking of what had 59 me earlier in the day, not really in the mood(心情) to smile.When I went to check out my things, I met with a very long line. People were buying Christmas gifts. To make the first line short, a second register(收银台) opened up. I turned to it 60 . After a few moments, I began to notice that all the people before me had lots of things to check out. I wasn’t 61 any longer, so I turned to the first line. After a short while, all the people in the second line checked out. I was still standing in the first line.At last, it was my turn to check out. I found that the man behind the resister seemed to happy! He greeted me with a huge smile.“It’s nice to see a smiling face 62 in this store,” I said to myself.He replied, “I love to smile, because you never know what people are going through.” At that moment, he made me think of myself.Something in me changed, and we began talking about kindness—about how it goes a long way. There was no one behind me, so we talked and laughed for a while. What a 63 it is, to be cheered up by this kind young man! I suddenly had all the time in the world.( )58. A. hope B. plan C. suggestion D. decision( )59. A. pleased B. troubled C. relaxed D. treated( )60. A. on time B. so far C. at once D. in surprise( )61. A. patient B. nervous C. polite D. silent( )62. A. luckily B. suddenly C. usually D. finally( )63. A. gift B. pity C. chance D. surpriseC. Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。