在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考历年真题参考答案全
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考艺术学基础知识历年真题试卷汇编6.doc
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考艺术学基础知识历年真题试卷汇编6(总分：58.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择填空题(总题数：21，分数：42.00)1.《乐记》是我国古代( )家音乐思想之集大成。
[2010年真题]（分数：2.00）A.道B.儒C.墨D.法2.歌曲《松花江上》的词曲作者是( )。
[2009年真题]（分数：2.00）A.张寒晖B.麦新C.聂耳D.冼星海3.( )又名《跑马溜溜的山上》，它是流行于我国西南地区的情歌。
[2009年真题]（分数：2.00）A.《小河淌水》B.《康定情歌》C.《茉莉花》D.《小白菜》4.协奏曲产生于( )，18世纪前后常见的协奏曲有大协奏曲和独奏协奏曲。
[2012年真题]（分数：2.00）A.德国B.英国C.奥地利D.意大利5.德彪西是法国( )音乐代表人物。
[2011年真题]（分数：2.00）A.古典主义B.浪漫主义C.印象主义D.现代主义6.管弦乐《台湾舞曲》是我国作曲家( )的代表作。
[2010年真题]（分数：2.00）A.江文也B.聂耳C.贺绿汀D.谭盾7.柏辽兹是欧洲音乐( )时期的代表作曲家。
[2010年真题]（分数：2.00）A.古典主义B.文艺复兴C.巴洛克时期D.浪漫主义8.康塔塔是17世纪前后出现的音乐体裁，巴洛克时期最伟大的康塔塔作曲家是( )，他共写了200多首康塔塔。
[2013年真题]（分数：2.00）A.亨德尔B.J．S．巴赫C.海顿D.莫扎特9.刘宝全、骆玉笙是( )的名家。
[2012年真题]（分数：2.00）A.苏州弹词B.京韵大鼓C.越剧D.婺剧10.交响诗的首创者是作曲家( )。
[2010年真题]（分数：2.00）A.贝多芬B.布拉姆斯C.肖邦D.李斯特11.( )代词人姜白石的自度曲一直流传至今，成为中国音乐的珍贵遗产。
[2009年真题]（分数：2.00）A.唐B.宋C.元D.明12.2013年是英国作曲家布里顿诞辰100周年，他的著名管弦乐作品( )在全世界影响广泛。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考戏曲学-试卷3
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考戏曲学-试卷3(总分：86.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择填空题(总题数：33，分数：66.00)1.戏曲乐队中丝竹管弦乐部分，称“文场”；打击乐部分，称( )。
（分数：2.00）A.过门B.度曲C.武场√D.总讲解析：2.( )是戏曲舞台上表现策马疾行的表演身段。
（分数：2.00）A.搭架子B.档子C.趟马√D.打出手解析：3.( )是戏曲舞台上表现轻装潜行的表演身段。
（分数：2.00）A.搭架子B.走边√C.趟马D.打出手解析：4.( )俗称花脸，以面部化妆勾勒脸谱为特征。
（分数：2.00）A.生B.旦C.杂D.净√解析：5.( )是喜剧角色。
（分数：2.00）A.丑√B.生C.杂D.净解析：6.( )是戏曲表演行当之一，扮演群众角色。
（分数：2.00）A.净B.生C.丑D.杂√解析：7.翎子功( )运用得最多。
（分数：2.00）B.武生C.小生√D.娃娃生解析：8.( )不是戏曲表演的特殊技巧。
（分数：2.00）A.变脸B.翎子功√C.摘花D.顶灯解析：9.( )是清代昆曲净角，擅演《千金记》之楚霸王。
（分数：2.00）A.珠帘秀B.陈明智√C.魏长生D.高朗亭解析：10.( )是与余三胜、张二奎并称“老生三杰"、“三鼎甲”，是京剧初创时期的代表性演员。
（分数：2.00）A.程长庚√B.魏长生C.高朗亭D.陈明智解析：11.( )与谭鑫培、汪桂芬并称“老生新三杰”，代表剧目有《三娘教子》、《四进士》等。
（分数：2.00）A.魏长生B.程长庚C.高朗亭D.孙菊仙√解析：12.( )打破旦角行当限制，兼取青衣、刀马闺门、花旦和昆旦之所长，创“花衫”一行。
（分数：2.00）A.孙菊仙B.俞振一C.王瑶卿√D.高朗亭解析：13.( )的艺名是“麒麟童”，20世纪20年代已有名，最擅长做功，称“做派老生”。
（分数：2.00）A.俞振飞B.王瑶卿C.梅兰芳D.周信芳√解析：14.京剧演员( )工武生，有“武生宗师”之盛誉。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷27(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷27(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题When a rare disease ALD threatened to kill the four-year-old boy Lorenzo, his parents refused to give up hope. Doctors explained that there was no cure for ALD, and that he would probably die within three years. But Lorenzo’s parents set out to prove the doctors wrong. The parents devoted themselves to keeping their son alive and searching for a cure. But doctors and the families of other ALD patients often refused to take them seriously. They thought the efforts to find a cure were a waste of time, and drug companies weren’t interested in supporting research into such a rare disease. However, the parents still refused to give up and spent every available hour in medical libraries and talking to anyone who would help. Through trial and error (反复实验)，they finally created a cure from ingredients (调料) commonly found in the kitchen. The cure, named “Lorenzo’s Oil”, saved the boy’s life. Despite the good results, scientists and doctors remained unconvinced. They said there was no real evidence that the oil worked and that the treatment was just a theory. As a result, some families with ALD children were reluctant to try it. Finally, the boy’s father organized an international study to test the oil. After ten years of trials, the answer is: the oil keeps ALD children healthy. (224 words)1．Doctors said that Lorenzo might die within three years because______.A．they had never treated the disease beforeB．Lorenzo was too young to be curedC．no cure had been found for ALDD．ALD was a rare disease正确答案：C解析：本题属于事实细节题。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks. The government responded to the universities’ threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人)，Sir Ron Dearing. One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago. Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money—but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business. Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs, something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britaia Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearing’s advice, hoping it will not be too late —some are already reported to be in financial difficulty. As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning and refer to students as “consumers”. The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers’ organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities. “ (324 words)1．The chief concern of British universities is______.A．how to tackle their present financial difficultyB．how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprisesC．how to improve their educational technologyD．how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．We can learn from the passage that in Britain______.A．the government pays dearly for its financial policyB．universities are mainly funded by businessesC．higher education is provided free of chargeD．students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?A．20% or so.B．About 15%.C．Above 30%.D．Below 10%.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．It can be inferred from the passage that______.A．the British government will be forced to increase its spending on higher educationB．British employers demand an expansion in enrollment at the expense of qualityC．the best way out for British universities is to follow their European counterpartsD．British students will probably have to pay for their higher education in the near future正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．Which of the following is the viewpoint of The Times newspaper?A．Expansion in enrollment is bound to affect the quality of British higher education.B．British universities should expand their enrollment to meet the needs of industry.C．European universities can better meet the needs of the modern world.D．British universities should help fight competition on world markets.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解There’s a simple premise behind what Larry Myers does for a living: If you can smell it, you can find it. Myers is the founder of Auburn University’s Institute for Biological Detection Systems , the main task of which is to chase the ultimate indetection devices—an artificial nose. For now, the subject of their research is little more than a stack of gleaming chips tucked away in a laboratory drawer. But soon, such a tool could be hanging from the belts of police, arson (纵火) investigators and food-safety inspectors. The technology that they are working in would suggest quite reasonably that, within three to five years, we’ll have some workable sensors ready to use. Such devices might find wide use in places that attract terrorists. Police could detect drugs, bodies and bombs hidden in cars, while food inspectors could easily test food and water for contamination. The implications for revolutionary advances in public safety and the food industry are astonishing. But so, too, are the possibilities for abuse: Such machines could determine whether a woman is ovulating (排卵), without a physical exam—or even her knowledge. One of the traditional protectors of American liberty is that it has been impossible to search everyone. That’s getting not to be the case. Artificial biosensors created at Auburn work totally differently from anything ever seen before. Aroma Scan, for example, is a desktop machine based on a bank of chips sensitive to specific chemicals that evaporate into the air. As air is sucked into the machine, chemicals pass over the sensor surfaces and produce changes in the electrical current flowing through them. Those current changes are logged into a computer that sorts out odors based on their electrical signatures. Myers says they expect to load a single fingernail-size chip with thousands of odor receptors (感受器)，enough to create a sensor that’s nearly as sensitive as a dog’s nose. (325 words)6．Which of the following is within the capacity of the artificial nose being developed?A．Performing physical examinations.B．Locating places which attract terrorists.C．Detecting’ drugs and water contamination.D．Monitoring food processing.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．A potential problem which might be caused by the use of an artificial nose is A．negligence of public safetyB．an abuse of personal freedomC．a hazard to physical healthD．a threat to individual privacy正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．The word “logged” (Line 5, Para. 7) most probably means “______”.A．presetB．enteredC．processedD．stimulated正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．To produce artificial noses for practical use, it is essential______.A．to develop microchips with thousands of odor receptorsB．to invent chips sensitive to various chemicalsC．to design a computer program to sort out smellsD．to find chemicals that can alter the electrical current passing through正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．The author’s attitude towards Larry Myers’ works is______.A．cautiousB．approvingC．suspiciousD．overenthusiastic正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergo, dramatic polarity reversal—a period when North Pole becomes South Pole and South Pole becomes North Pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable? Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 meters of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements lots of magnetic-field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable long-term decline preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years—the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated. The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3, 000 kilometers beneath the earth’s surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730, 000 years ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (陨星) impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth’s inner physics.It certainly points the direction for future research. (333 words)11．Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage?A．Polarity Reversal; A Fantastic Phenomenon of NatureB．Measurement of the Earth’s Magnetic-Field IntensityC．Formation of the Two Poles of the EarthD．A New Approach to the Study of Geophysics正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．The word “flip” (Line 7, Para. 2) most probably means “______”.A．declineB．intensifyC．fluctuateD．reverse正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research?A．Some regularity in the changes of the earth’s magnetic field.B．Some causes of the fluctuation of the earth’s magnetic field.C．The origin of the earth’s magnetic field.D．The frequency of polarity reversals.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．The French geophysicists’study is different from currently prevailing theories inA．its identification of the origin of the earth’s magnetic fieldB．the way the earth’s magnetic intensity is measuredC．its explanation of the shift in the earth’s polarityD．the way the earth’s fluctuation rhythm is defined正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．In Peter Oslo’s opinion the French experiment______.A．is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earthB．has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversalsC．is certain to help predict external disastersD．has caused great confusion among the world’s geophysicists正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies were American-owned In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR. Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than five percent of Burson-Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country. Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign. (341 words)16．According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of______.A．an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companiesB．shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesC．the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.D．increased efforts of other countries in public relations正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because______.A．British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companiesB．British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companiesC．British companies are heavily involved in planning activitiesD．four of the world’s top public relations agencies are British-owned正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．The word “provincial” (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “______”.A．limited in outlookB．like people from the provincesC．rigid in thinkingD．interested in world financial affairs正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industryA．speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB．are ignorant about world geographyC．are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsD．enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?A．American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B．The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.C．People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.D．People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign”.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes (灾难)，yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people’s lives. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. (388 words)1．Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______.A．more family-orientedB．unusually popularC．more profoundD．relatively formal正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ______.A．remain fascinated by themB．are ready to face up to themC．remain indifferent to themD．are willing to get involved in them正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A．A new type of robot.B．Racist hatred.C．Family budget planning.D．Street violence.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both______.A．ironicalB．sensitiveC．instructiveD．cynical正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows______.A．have monopolized the talk show circuitB．exploit the weaknesses in human natureC．appear at different times of the dayD．are targeted at different audiences正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionatelyfewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school. We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer. It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require. (378 words)6．What is the passage mainly about?A．How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B．How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C．How to improve the public education system.D．How to solve the rising unemployment problem.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?A．The requirement of educated workers by business.B．Raising of the legal age for going to work.C．The trend toward a shorter workday.D．People’s concern for the future of the next generation.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because______.A．the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB．a new leisure class has developedC．they are still suffering from the depressionD．an increase in taxes could be a problem正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government______.A．should allocate Federal funds for public educationB．should demand that local communities provide supportC．should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD．should first of all solve the problem of unemployment正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 11~ 12, Para. 3)?A．Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B．Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C．People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D．Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system：fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway (高速公路) capacity. Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use is a special onramp (人口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward anautomated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (非法进入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities. ) Either approach to joining, a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax. (392 words)11．We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways A．are being plannedB．are being modifiedC．are now in wide useD．are under construction正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that______.A．it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB．it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC．it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD．it offers more lanes for automated vehicles正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A．Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B．A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C．The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D．The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane______.A．by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB．by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC．through a specially guarded gateD．after all trespassers are identified and removed正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．When driving in an automated lane, the driver______.A．should harmonize with newly entering carsB．doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC．should watch out for potential accidentsD．doesn’t have to hold on to the steering wheel正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world’s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79, 000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. “If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,”said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get an MBA’, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders. The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing” and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they don’t understand politics and people, and they aren’t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they’re out looking for other jobs. “The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women’s movement. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “They don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,” said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrinmanagement consulting firm. (419 words)16．According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?A．Scornful.B．Appreciative.C．Envious.D．Realistic.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by______.A．the complaints from various employersB．the success of many non-MBAsC．the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD．the poor performance of MBAs at work正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?A．They are usually self-centered.B．They are aggressive and greedy.C．They keep complaining about their jobs.D．They are not good at dealing with people.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．From the passage we know that most MBAs______.A．can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB．quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC．receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD．cherish unrealistic expectations about their future正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．What is the passage mainly about?A．Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B．The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C．Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D．A debate held recently on university campuses.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考艺术学基础知识历年真题试卷汇编8
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考艺术学基础知识历年真题试卷汇编8(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择填空题(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.“虚拟演播室”主要用于( )。
[2013年真题]（分数：2.00）A.戏曲的虚拟表演B.纪录片的虚拟再现C.故事片的写意特技D.主持类节目的虚拟场景√解析：解析：虚拟演播室是近年发展起来的一种独特的电视节目制作技术，主要用于主持类节目的虚拟场景。
其实质是将计算机制作的虚拟三维场景与电视摄像机现场拍摄的人物活动图像进行数字化的实时合成，使人物与虚拟背景能够同步变化，从而实现两者天衣无缝的融合，以获得完美的合成画面。
2.电视的开放式构图指( )。
[2011年真题]（分数：2.00）A.景物构图B.人物构图C.镜头内构图D.镜头内外构图√解析：解析：影视构图表现主要可分为：静态构图、开放式构图、动态构图与运动摄影。
其中开放式构图打破画框的界限，将画框内外视为相互关联的同一个表现空间。
3.影视画面中的“低调”摄影指( )。
[2010年真题]（分数：2.00）A.画面光比弱B.画面反差大C.画面深色暗调√D.画面曝光不足解析：解析：影调指画面影像所呈现的明暗阶调。
根据影调的明暗，通常可分为高调、低调、中间调。
高调画面明亮，有轻柔之感；低调画面较暗，有沉重之感；中间调自然平和，给人以正常的心理感受。
4.在影像世界中，“近景”主要指( )。
[2009年真题]（分数：2.00）A.人的全部身体B.人的整体和周围环境C.人体胸部以上√D.全部全貌解析：解析：景别是指被拍摄对象在画框内呈现的范围。
按这种范围的比重和画面表现空间，景别可以分为远景、全景、中景、近景和特写五种。
近景表现人身胸部以上或物体的局部，其面积为画幅的一半，多采用日常化的观点。
5.影视听觉语言的三大基本类别是( )。
[2009年真题]（分数：2.00）A.音色、音调、响度B.语言、音乐、音响√C.语感、语速、语气D.书面语、口语、声音解析：6.( )属于电视的“真人秀”节目。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考电影学模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考电影学模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择填空题 2. 多项选择填空题 5. 论述题单项选择填空题1．电影的物质基础不包括( )。
A．透视成像B．视觉暂留C．艺术形象D．视听融合正确答案：C 涉及知识点：电影学2．在电影的片种中，( )是最常见、影响最大的片种，也是电影产业的经济支柱。
A．故事片B．美术片C．纪录片(含新闻片)D．科学教育片(简称科教片)正确答案：A 涉及知识点：电影学3．电影诞生的心理学基础是( )和视觉暂留。
A．节奏感B．运动感C．视知觉D．透视正确答案：B 涉及知识点：电影学4．没有人物出现的镜头叫( )。
A．主观镜头B．空镜头C．客观镜头D．中性镜头正确答案：B 涉及知识点：电影学5．景别中的全景指( )。
A．表现广阔空间和场面的景别，如自然风光、大规模的群众场面等B．表现成年人的全身或场景全貌的景别C．表现成年人身体膝盖以上或场景局部的景别D．表现成年人身体胸部以上或物体局部，其面积占幅一半以上的景别正确答案：B 涉及知识点：电影学6．( )是指摄影机沿着水平方向运动拍摄，根据机位与被摄体的相对关系，又可分为二者平行的横移、不平行的斜移和同步纵向运动的纵深移。
A．推镜头B．拉镜头C．移镜头D．跟镜头正确答案：C 涉及知识点：电影学7．在电影中，“旁白”是指( )。
A．剧情中人物之间的语言交流B．回忆中人物之间的语言交流C．声源来自画外，但对故事情节，人物心理叙述抒情议论的人声D．声源来自画外，但是画面中某个人物发出的表现心理活动的声音正确答案：C 涉及知识点：电影学8．镜头中声音来源位于画面中，观众听到声音信息的同时也看到声源的影像信息，两种信息的传播同步完成是指( )。
A．声画同一B．声画分立C．声画合一D．声画对位正确答案：A 涉及知识点：电影学9．蒙太奇最早作为电影术语指( )。
A．剪辑和舍弃B．割裂和分散C．组合和拼凑D．剪辑和组合正确答案：D 涉及知识点：电影学10．表现蒙太奇不包括( )。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考美术学-试卷2
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考美术学-试卷2(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择填空题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.《带绿色条纹的肖像》的作者是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.亨利.马蒂斯√B.毕加索C.乔治.布拉克D.博乔尼解析：2.《阿维尼翁的少女们》的作者是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.亨利.马蒂斯B.毕加索√C.乔治.布拉克D.博乔尼解析：3.《埃斯塔克的树林》是( )的作品。
（分数：2.00）A.亨利.马蒂斯B.毕加索C.乔治.布拉克√D.博乔尼解析：4.1934年，( )提出了社会主义现实主义的创作原则。
（分数：2.00）A.阿尔希波夫B.雅可夫列夫C.库斯妥基耶夫D.高尔基√解析：5.( )试图以运动的造型形式来象征表达速度观念。
（分数：2.00）A.超现实主义B.达达主义C.立体主义D.未来主义√解析：6.塞尚是( )画家。
（分数：2.00）A.印象主义B.后印象主义√C.新印象主义D.象征主义解析：7.汉语的“美术”是( )出现的。
（分数：2.00）A.19世纪末√B.20世纪20年代C.20世纪30年代D.20世纪40年代解析：8.( )学说认为艺术起源于人类表现和交流情感的需要，情感表现是艺术最主要的功能，也是艺术发生的主要动因。
（分数：2.00）A.模仿说B.游戏说C.表现说√D.劳动说解析：9.通过形象的感染激发技能，启发观者的意识与情意活动，从而达到提高思想、品德情操的目的是美术的( )。
（分数：2.00）A.认识功能B.教育功能√C.审美功能D.娱乐功能解析：10.中国传统人物画中，描写( )的被称为道释画。
（分数：2.00）A.历史故事与现实人物B.仙佛僧道√C.妇女D.社会风俗解析：11.中国传统人物画中，画法洗练纵逸者称为( )。
（分数：2.00）A.工笔人物B.写意人物√C.泼墨人物D.白描人物解析：12.中国传统山水画中，勾勒设色、金碧辉煌、富于装饰意味者被称为( )。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1, 500 to 2, 000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. (300 words)1．One significant improvement in the future car will probably be______.A．its power sourceB．its driving systemC．its monitoring systemD．its seating capacity正确答案：A解析：本题属于细节题。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考音乐学导论模拟试卷1有答案
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考音乐学导论模拟试卷1一、填空题1.古典主义时期分为两个历史阶段，“前古典时期”是从巴罗克时期向古典主义时期过渡的阶段，音乐风格以( )风格为代表，以喜歌剧体裁的诞生和( )体裁的发展为标志；“古典主义盛期”以“( )”大师们的音乐创作为主要成就。
2.《凤阳花鼓》是一种流行于我国( )省的民间歌舞形式。
二、名词解释3.音乐的声音材料4.古钢琴5.维吾尔族的赛乃姆6.秧歌剧7.《问》8.钢琴曲《牧童短笛》9.舒伯特10.舒伯尔三、简答题11.简述音乐的社会功能中的认识功能。
12.简述节奏、速度与旋律。
13.简述奏鸣曲的发展。
14.19世纪俄罗斯民族乐派的发展。
15.简述汉族民间歌舞的主要类型。
16.康塔塔是十七世纪初产生于哪里的一种声乐体裁?17.什么是新歌剧?试以《白毛女》为例。
简要论述新歌剧的音乐创作特点。
18.论歌剧《白毛女》对中国民族歌剧创作的影响。
19.简述舒伯特的音乐创作。
20.李斯特的音乐创作简述。
21.瓦格纳歌剧改革措施及历史意义。
四、论述题22.试论音乐与其他艺术门类的联系。
23.何为“学堂乐歌”?它在中国近现代音乐史上有何重大意义?24.简论印象主义音乐有哪些主要基本特征。
25.法国印象派作曲家及代表作。
26.结合作曲家和作品论交响乐体裁。
27.为什么说莫扎特是一位伟大的音乐戏剧家?标准答案1、洛可可；键盘奏鸣曲；维也纳古典乐派2、安徽3、音乐的声音材料主要有两种来源。
一种来自人类的天然器官——嗓音，即人的歌唱。
人的歌唱有很丰富的音色变化，如男声、女声、童声。
同一种声音类型依据音域，还可以划分为高、中、低音，如女高音、男低音等等。
还有一种来自器乐，即人创造的器物发出的乐声，如琴、筝、琵琶、二胡、笛、箫、钢琴、提琴、小号、圆号、长笛、单簧管等。
器乐更加丰富多样，不同民族和地区有不同的乐器，如中国的传统乐器有琴、筝、琵琶、二胡、笛、箫等，欧洲的乐器有钢琴、各种提琴、小号、圆号、长笛、单簧管等。