东北三省三校哈师大附中东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学2019届高三第二次联合模拟考试理综物理试题 含解析
东北三省三校哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学2019届 第二次联合模拟考试 理科综合能力测试 二、选择题: 1.下列说法中正确的是 A. 法拉第通过研究电磁感应现象得出了法拉第电磁感应定律 B. 安培通过研究电荷之间相互作用的规律得到了安培定则 C. 奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应,首次揭示了电现象和磁现象之间的联系 D. 汤姆孙通过油滴实验精确测定了元电荷e的电荷量 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】法拉第发现了电磁感应现象,纽曼和韦伯总结出电磁感应定律为纪念法拉第而叫法拉第电磁感应定律,A错误; 安培通过研究磁场和通电导线之间的相互作用得出的安培定则,B错误; 奥斯特通过研究通电导线和小磁针的相互作用发现了电流的磁效应,并揭开了电现象和磁现象之间的联系,C正确; 密立根通过油滴实验精确测定了元电荷e的电荷量, D错误。
2.图甲是小型交流发电机的示意图,两磁极N、S间的磁场可视为水平方向的匀强磁场,A为理想交流电流表。线圈绕垂直于磁场的水平轴OO’沿逆时针方向匀速转动,产生的电动势随时间变化的图象如图乙所示。已知发电机线圈电阻为10,外接一只阻值为90的电阻,不计电路的其它电阻,则( )
A. 电流表的示数为0.31A B. 线圈转动的角速度为rad/s C. 0.01s时线圈平面与磁场方向平行 D. 在线圈转动一周过程中,外电阻发热约为0.087J 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】在交流电路中电流表的示数为有效值,,电流表的示数,A错误; 从图像可知线圈转动的周期为0.02s,则线圈转动的角速度,B错误; 0.01s时线圈的电压为0,因此线圈在中性面处,C错; 线圈发热应用电流的有效值进行计算,则发热量,D正确
3.“道路千万条,安全第一条",《道路交通安全法》第四十七条规定:“机动车行经人行横道,应减速行驶;遇行人正在通过人行横道时,应停车让行。”一辆汽车以10m/s的速度匀速行驶,驾驶员发现前方50m处的斑马线上有行人,驾驶员立即刹车使车做匀减速直线运动,若已知行人还需12s才能通过斑马线,则刹车后汽车的加速度大小至少为 A. 1m/s2 B. 0.97 m/s2 C. 0.83 m/s2 D. 0.69 m/s2 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】汽车做匀减速运动,要想不和行人发生碰撞则需要在斑马线处速度减小为零,由运动学的速度和位移公式可知,得选A
4.如图所示,左侧是半径为R的四分之一圆弧,右侧是半径为2R的一段圆弧。二者圆心在一条竖直线上,小球a、b通过一轻绳相连,二者恰好等于等高处平衡。已知,不计所有摩擦,则小球a、b的质量之比为
A. 3:4 B. 3:5 C. 4:5 D. 1:2 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】对a和b两个物体受力分析,受力分析图如下,因一根绳上的拉力相等,故拉力都为T; 由力的平衡可知a物体的拉力,b物体的拉力,联立可解得,A正确
5.如图所示,有上下放置的两个宽度均为L=0.5m的水平金属导轨,左端连接阻值均为2的电阻r1、r2,右端与竖直放置的两个相同的半圆形金属轨道连接在一起,半圆形轨道半径为R=0.1 m。整个装置处在竖直向上的匀强磁场中,磁感应强度为B=2T。初始时金属棒放置在上面的水平导轨上,金属棒的长刚好为L,质量m=2kg,电阻不计。某时刻金属棒获得了水平向右的速度v0=2m/s,之后恰好水平抛出。已知金属棒与导轨接触良好,重力加速度g=10m/s2,不计所有摩擦和导轨的电阻,则下列正确的是
A. 金属棒抛出时的速率为 B. 整个过程中,流过电阻r1的电荷量为2C C. 整个过程中,电阻r2上产生的焦耳热为1.5J D. 最初金属棒距离水平导轨右端4m 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】金属棒经过半圆形金属轨道时候恰好水平抛出说明在此点只有重力提供向心力,因此有,。A错误; 取向右为正,对导体棒写动量定理有代入数据解得,因导体棒在运动的时候相当于电源,电阻r1和电阻r2串联,故流过电阻r1的电荷量为导体棒电荷量的一半,即1C,所以B错误; 由能量转换可知,导体棒损失的动能转化为电阻r1和电阻r2消耗的焦耳热,而电阻r1和电阻r2并 联且任何时候电流都一样,因此焦耳热也一样,因此有,,C对; 由,得,则最初导体棒离右端的距离为8m,D错误。
6.如图所示,甲为演示光电效应的实验装置;乙图为a、b、c三种光照射下得到的三条电流表与电压表读数之间的关系曲线;丙图为氢原子的能级图;丁图给出了几种金属的逸出功和极限频率关系。以下说法正确的是
A. 若b光为绿光,c光可能是紫光 B. 若a光为绿光,c光可能是紫光 C. 若b光光子能量为2.81ev,用它照射由金属铷构成的阴极,所产生的大量具有最大初动能的光电子去撞击大量处于n=3激发态的氢原子,可以产生6种不同频率的光 D. 若6光光子能量为2.81ev,用它直接照射大量处于n=2激发态的氢原子,可以产生6种不同频率的光 【答案】BC 【解析】 【详解】由光电效应的方程和遏止电压的方程联立解得,即光子照射同一块金属的时候,只要遏止电压一样,说明光子的频率一样,遏止电压越大,光子的频率越大,因此可知b光和c光的频率一样大于a光的频率,故A错B对; b光光电效应方程为,电子照射氢原子,氢原子只吸收两个能级
差的能量,剩下的能量不吸收留给电子,因此n=3的的只需要吸收的能量为,这是氢原子处在n=4的能级上,可向下辐射6种频率的光,C正确; 若用光子照射氢原子,氢原子智能吸收光子的能量恰好为能级之差的光子,2.81eV不满足能级差,因此此光子不被吸收,D错误。
7.空间存在某静电场,在x轴上各点的场强E随坐标x的分布规律如图所示,规定x轴的正方向为电场强度E的正方向。一个带电粒子在x轴上以x=0点为对称中心做往复运动。已知粒子仅受电场 力作用,运动中电势能和动能的总和为A,且x=0处,电势为零。则 A. 该粒子一定带负电 B. 该粒子在x=0点两侧分别做匀变速直线运动 C. x=x0处的电势为
D. 若该粒子带电量的绝对值为q,则粒子运动区间为 【答案】ACD 【解析】 【详解】由图像可知在O点右侧的电场线水平向右,在O点左侧的电场线水平向左,假设粒子带正电,则粒子在O点右侧向右运动时一直做加速运动因此不会做往复运动,因此粒子不可能带正电,当粒子带负电时向右侧运动时做减速运动,减速到零反向加速过O点后继续减速运动,做的时往复运动,因此粒子带负电,A正确; 由图像可知该电场不是匀强电场,粒子的受力会发生变化,因此不做匀变速直线运动,B错误; 图像的面积为电势差,沿着电场线方向电势降低,因此得,C正确; 粒子的总能量为A,且O点的电势能为零,则O点的动能为A,粒子向x轴正向运动的最远距离时
速度为零,能量转化为该点的电势能,由能量守恒可知得 ,故D正确。
8.如图所示,竖直平面内固定两根足够长的细杆L1、L2,两杆分离不接触,且两杆间的距离忽略不计。两个小球a、b(视为质点)质量均为m,a球套在竖直杆L1上,b杆套在水平杆L2上,a、b通过铰链用长度为的刚性轻杆连接,将a球从图示位置由静止释放(轻杆与L2杆夹角为45°),不计一切摩擦,已知重力加速度为g。在此后的运动过程中,下列说法中正确的是
A. a球和b球所组成的系统机械能守恒 B. b球的速度为零时,a球的加速度大小一定等于g C. b球的最大速度为 D. a球的最大速度为 【答案】ABC 【解析】 【详解】a球和b球组成的系统没有外力做功,只有a球和b球的动能和重力势能相互转换,因此a球和b球的机械能守恒,A正确;
设轻杆L和水平杆L2的夹角为,由运动关联可知,得可知当b球的速度为零时,轻杆L处于水平位置和L2杆平行,因此此时a球在竖直方向只受重力,因此a球的加速度大小为,B正确; 当杆L和杆L1平行成竖直状态,球a运动到最下方,球b运动到L1和L2交点的位置的时候球b的速度达到最大,此时由运动的关联可知a球的速度为0,因此由系统机械能守恒有,得。C正确; 当轻杆L向下运动到杆L1和杆L2的交点的位置时,此时杆L和杆L2平行,由运动的关联可知此时b球的速度为零,有系统机械能守恒有,得此时a球具有向下的加速度,
因此此时a球的速度不是最大,a球将继续向下运动到加速度为0时速度达到最大,D错误。
三、非选择题: (一)必考题: 9.某同学要用频闪照相的方法测量物块与木板之间的动摩擦因数。把木板放在水平桌面上,一端抬高,测量出木板倾斜的角度。如图所示为一小滑块下滑过程的频闪照片示意图。已知频闪相机每隔时间T闪光一次,、、、分别是滑块在T时间内下滑的距离,当地重力加速度为g。 (1)滑块下滑过程中的加速度大小的表达式a=_______________;(用已知量和测量量表示) (2)滑块下滑过程中经位置4时速度大小=________________;(用已知量和测量量表示) (3)滑块与木板间的动摩擦因数=________________。(用、a、g表示) 【答案】 (1). (1) (2). (2) (3). (3) 【解析】 【详解】(1)滑块下滑做的是匀加速直线运动,且都是在T时间内下滑的距离,因此物体的加速度可以用打点计时器的逐差法进行计算,即; (2)滑块经过x3和x4所用的时间相等,由因物体做的是匀变速运动,因此滑块在4位置的速度等于滑块从3运动到5的平均速度,即; (3)物体做匀加速运动,由牛顿第二定律可知得
10.某实验小组要把一块电流表改装成电压表,遇到了两个问题:一是该电流表的表盘没有标注刻度数,但刻度均匀,总格数为N;二是内阻未知。通过对类似规格的电流表的参数比对,得到该电流表的满偏电流约700~800,内阻约100)。该组同学利用以下器材,通过下列三个步骤,完成了电压表的改装工作。
A.待测电流表G B.电流表A:量程0.6A,内阻约为0.1 C.电压表V:量程3V,内阻RV=3k D.电阻箱R2:最大阻值999.9 E.滑动变阻器R1:最大阻值5k,额定电流0.1A F. 滑动变阻器R3:最大阻值5,额定电流0.5A G.电源:电动势3V,内阻约为1.5
2019年东北三省三校(哈师大附中东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学)高考数学一模试卷(理科)
2018年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)高考数学一模试卷(理科)一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.(5分)复数的模为()A.B.C.D.22.(5分)已知集合,B={x|x≥a},若A∩B=A,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣∞,﹣3]B.(﹣∞,﹣3)C.(﹣∞,0]D.[3,+∞)3.(5分)从标有1、2、3、4、5的五张卡片中,依次抽出2张,则在第一次抽到奇数的情况下,第二次抽到偶数的概率为()A.B.C.D.4.(5分)已知s,则=()A.B.C.D.5.(5分)中心在原点,焦点在y轴上的双曲线的一条渐近线经过点(﹣2,4),则它的离心率为()A.B.2C.D.6.(5分)展开式中的常数项是()A.12B.﹣12C.8D.﹣87.(5分)某几何体的三视图如图所示,且该几何体的体积是3,则正视图中的x的值()A.2B.3C.D.8.(5分)已知函数的图象的相邻两条对称轴之间的距离是,则该函数的一个单调增区间为()A.B.C.D.9.(5分)辗转相除法是欧几里德算法的核心思想,如图所示的程序框图所描述的算法就是辗转相除法,若输入m=8251,n=6105,则输出m的值为()A.148B.37C.333D.010.(5分)底面是正多边形,顶点在底面的射影是底面中心的棱锥叫做正棱锥.如图,半球内有一内接正四棱锥S﹣ABCD,该四棱锥的侧面积为,则该半球的体积为()A.B.C.D.11.(5分)已知抛物线C:y2=2x,直线与抛物线C交于A,B两点,若以AB为直径的圆与x轴相切,则b的值是()A.B.C.D.12.(5分)在△ABC,∠C=90°,AB=2BC=4,M,N是边AB上的两个动点,且|MN|=1,则的取值范围为()A.B.[5,9]C.D.二、填空题(每题5分,满分20分,将答案填在答题纸上)13.(5分)在△ABC中,AB=2,,,则BC=.14.(5分)若x,y满足约束条件,则的最大值为.15.(5分)甲、乙、丙三位教师分别在哈尔滨、长春、沈阳的三所中学里教不同的学科A、B、C,已知:①甲不在哈尔滨工作,乙不在长春工作;②在哈尔滨工作的教师不教C学科;③在长春工作的教师教A学科;④乙不教B学科.可以判断乙教的学科是.16.(5分)已知函数,x0是函数f(x)的极值点,给出以下几个命题:①;②;③f(x0)+x0<0;④f(x0)+x0>0;其中正确的命题是.(填出所有正确命题的序号)三、解答题(本大题共5小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)17.(12分)已知正项数列{a n}满足:,其中S n为数列{a n}的前n项和.(1)求数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)设,求数列{b n}的前n项和T n.18.(12分)某商场按月订购一种家用电暖气,每销售一台获利润200元,未销售的产品返回厂家,每台亏损50元,根据往年的经验,每天的需求量与当天的最低气温有关,如果最低气温位于区间[﹣20,﹣10],需求量为100台;最低气温位于区间[﹣25,﹣20),需求量为200台;最低气温位于区间[﹣35,﹣25),需求量为300台.公司销售部为了确定11月份的订购计划,统计了前三年11月份各天的最低气温数据,得到下面的频数分布表:以最低气温位于各区间的频率代替最低气温位于该区间的概率.(1)求11月份这种电暖气每日需求量X(单位:台)的分布列;(2)若公司销售部以每日销售利润Y(单位:元)的数学期望为决策依据,计划11月份每日订购200台或250台,两者之中选其一,应选哪个?19.(12分)如图,四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,且PA=PD,底面ABCD为矩形,点M、E、N分别为线段AB、BC、CD的中点,F是PE上的一点,PF=2FE.直线PE与平面ABCD所成的角为.(1)证明:PE⊥平面MNF;(2)设AB=AD,求二面角B﹣MF﹣N的余弦值.20.(12分)已知椭圆过抛物线M:x2=4y的焦点F,F1,F2分别是椭圆C的左、右焦点,且.(1)求椭圆C的标准方程;(2)若直线l与抛物线M相切,且与椭圆C交于A,B两点,求△OAB面积的最大值.21.(12分)已知函数f(x)=e x,g(x)=lnx,h(x)=kx+b.(1)当b=0时,若对任意x∈(0,+∞)均有f(x)≥h(x)≥g(x)成立,求实数k的取值范围;(2)设直线h(x)与曲线f(x)和曲线g(x)相切,切点分别为A(x1,f(x1)),B(x2,g(x2)),其中x1<0.①求证:x2>e;②当x≥x2时,关于x的不等式a(x1﹣1)+xlnx﹣x≥0恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.[选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程选讲]22.(10分)已知在极坐标系中曲线C1的极坐标方程为:ρ=4cosθ,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为x轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,曲线C2的参数方程为:(t为参数),点A(3,0).(1)求出曲线C1的直角坐标方程和曲线C2的普通方程;(2)设曲线C1与曲线C2相交于P,Q两点,求|AP|•|AQ|的值.[选修4-5:不等式选讲]23.已知不等式|2x﹣5|+|2x+1|>ax﹣1.(1)当a=1时,求不等式的解集;(2)若不等式的解集为R,求a的范围.2018年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)高考数学一模试卷(理科)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.(5分)复数的模为()A.B.C.D.2【解答】解:∵=,∴||=|1+i|=.故选:C.2.(5分)已知集合,B={x|x≥a},若A∩B=A,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣∞,﹣3]B.(﹣∞,﹣3)C.(﹣∞,0]D.[3,+∞)【解答】解:集合={x|9﹣x2≥0}={x|﹣3≤x≤3},B={x|x≥a},若A∩B=A,则A⊆B;∴实数a的取值范围是a≤﹣3.故选:A.3.(5分)从标有1、2、3、4、5的五张卡片中,依次抽出2张,则在第一次抽到奇数的情况下,第二次抽到偶数的概率为()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:从标有1、2、3、4、5的五张卡片中,依次抽出2张,设事件A表示“第一张抽到奇数”,事件B表示“第二张抽取偶数”,则P(A)=,P(AB)==,则在第一次抽到奇数的情况下,第二次抽到偶数的概率为:P(A|B)===.故选:B.4.(5分)已知s,则=()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:∵s,∴=cos[+()]=﹣sin()=﹣.故选:B.5.(5分)中心在原点,焦点在y轴上的双曲线的一条渐近线经过点(﹣2,4),则它的离心率为()A.B.2C.D.【解答】解:∵焦点在y轴上的双曲线的渐近线方程是y=±x,∴4=﹣•(﹣2),∴=2,a=2b,a2=4b2=4c2﹣4a2,e=.故选:A.6.(5分)展开式中的常数项是()A.12B.﹣12C.8D.﹣8【解答】解:的展开式的通项为=.取r﹣5=﹣2,得r=3,取r﹣5=0,得r=5.∴展开式中的常数项是﹣﹣2=﹣12.故选:B.7.(5分)某几何体的三视图如图所示,且该几何体的体积是3,则正视图中的x的值()A.2B.3C.D.【解答】解:由已知中的三视图可得该几何体是一个以直角梯形为底面,梯形上下边长为1和2,高为2,如图:AD=1,BC=2,SB=x,AD∥BC,SB⊥平面ABCD,AD⊥AB.∴底面的面积S=×(1+2)×2=3.该几何体为x,几何体的体积V==1,可得x=3.故选:B.8.(5分)已知函数的图象的相邻两条对称轴之间的距离是,则该函数的一个单调增区间为()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:函数=2sin(ωx+);由f(x)的图象相邻两条对称轴之间的距离是,∴T=2×=π,∴ω==2;∴f(x)=2sin(2x+),令﹣+2kπ≤2x+≤+2kπ,k∈Z,解得﹣+kπ≤x≤+2kπ,k∈Z,∴函数f(x)的一个单调增区间为[﹣,].故选:A.9.(5分)辗转相除法是欧几里德算法的核心思想,如图所示的程序框图所描述的算法就是辗转相除法,若输入m=8251,n=6105,则输出m的值为()A.148B.37C.333D.0【解答】解:由程序框图知:程序的运行功能是求m=82511,n=6105的最大公约数,∵8251=6105+2146;6105=2×2146+1813;2146=1813+333;1813=5×333+148;333=2×148+37,148=4×37+0∴此时m=37.∴输出m的值是37,故选:B.10.(5分)底面是正多边形,顶点在底面的射影是底面中心的棱锥叫做正棱锥.如图,半球内有一内接正四棱锥S﹣ABCD,该四棱锥的侧面积为,则该半球的体积为()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:连结AC,BD交点为0,设球的半径为r,由题意可知SO=AO=OC=OD=OB=r.则AB=r,四棱锥的侧面积为:4×=,解得r=,四棱锥的外接半球的体积为:V==,故选:D.11.(5分)已知抛物线C:y2=2x,直线与抛物线C交于A,B两点,若以AB为直径的圆与x轴相切,则b的值是()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:联立得:y2+4y﹣4b=0.依题意应有△=16+16b>0,解得b>﹣1.设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),∴y1+y2=﹣4,y1y2=﹣4b,∴x1+x2=﹣2(y1+y2)+4b=8+4b设圆心Q(x0,y0),则应有x0=(x1+x2)=4+2b,y0=(y1+y2)=﹣2.∵以AB为直径的圆与x轴相切,得到圆半径为r=|y0|=2,又|AB|=•=•=4•,∴|AB|=2r,即4•=4,解得b=﹣.故选:C.12.(5分)在△ABC,∠C=90°,AB=2BC=4,M,N是边AB上的两个动点,且|MN|=1,则的取值范围为()A.B.[5,9]C.D.【解答】解:以CA,CB为坐标轴建立坐标系如图所示:∵AB=2BC=4,∴∠BAC=30°,AC=2设AN=a,则N(2﹣,),M(2﹣,),∴=(2﹣)(2﹣)+=a2﹣5a+9.∵M,N在AB上,∴0≤a≤3.∴当a=0时,取得最大值9,当a=时,取得最小值.故选:A.二、填空题(每题5分,满分20分,将答案填在答题纸上)13.(5分)在△ABC中,AB=2,,,则BC=1.【解答】解:根据题意,设BC=t,△ABC中,AB=2,,,则有cos∠ABC==﹣,变形可得:t2+2t﹣3=0,解可得:t=﹣3或t=1,又由t>0,则t=1,即BC=1;故答案为:114.(5分)若x,y满足约束条件,则的最大值为.【解答】解:由约束条件作出可行域如图,联立,解得A(1,3),由的几何意义,即可行域内的动点与定点P(﹣1,0)连线的斜率可得,的最大值为.故答案为:.15.(5分)甲、乙、丙三位教师分别在哈尔滨、长春、沈阳的三所中学里教不同的学科A、B、C,已知:①甲不在哈尔滨工作,乙不在长春工作;②在哈尔滨工作的教师不教C学科;③在长春工作的教师教A学科;④乙不教B学科.可以判断乙教的学科是C.【解答】解:由①得甲不在哈尔滨工作,乙不在长春工作;由②得在哈尔滨工作的教师不教C学科,甲不教C;由③得在长春工作的教师教A学科;由④得乙不教B学科和A学科.综上,乙教C学科.故答案为:C.16.(5分)已知函数,x0是函数f(x)的极值点,给出以下几个命题:①;②;③f(x0)+x0<0;④f(x0)+x0>0;其中正确的命题是①③.(填出所有正确命题的序号)【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=xlnx+x2,(x>0)∴f′(x)=lnx+1+x,易得f′(x)=lnx+1+x在(0,+∞)递增,∴f′()=>0,∵x→0,f′(x)→﹣∞,∴0<x0<,即①正确,②不正确;∵lnx0+1+x0=0∴f(x0)+x0=x0lnx0+x02+x0=x0(lnx0+x0+1)=﹣x02<0,即③正确,④不正确.故答案为:①③.三、解答题(本大题共5小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)17.(12分)已知正项数列{a n}满足:,其中S n为数列{a n}的前n项和.(1)求数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)设,求数列{b n}的前n项和T n.【解答】(本题满分12分)解:(1)令n=1,得,且a n>0,解得a1=3.当n≥2时,,即,整理得(a n+a n﹣1)(a n﹣a n﹣1﹣2)=0,∵a n>0,∴a n﹣a n﹣1=2,所以数列{a n}是首项为3,公差为2的等差数列,故a n=3+(n﹣1)×2=2n+1.(2)由(1)知:,∴T n=b1+b2+…+b n=.18.(12分)某商场按月订购一种家用电暖气,每销售一台获利润200元,未销售的产品返回厂家,每台亏损50元,根据往年的经验,每天的需求量与当天的最低气温有关,如果最低气温位于区间[﹣20,﹣10],需求量为100台;最低气温位于区间[﹣25,﹣20),需求量为200台;最低气温位于区间[﹣35,﹣25),需求量为300台.公司销售部为了确定11月份的订购计划,统计了前三年11月份各天的最低气温数据,得到下面的频数分布表:以最低气温位于各区间的频率代替最低气温位于该区间的概率.(1)求11月份这种电暖气每日需求量X(单位:台)的分布列;(2)若公司销售部以每日销售利润Y(单位:元)的数学期望为决策依据,计划11月份每日订购200台或250台,两者之中选其一,应选哪个?【解答】(本题满分12分)解:(1)由已知X的可能取值为100,200,300,P(X=100)==0.2,P(X=200)==0.4,P(X=300)==0.4,∴X的分布列为:(2)由已知:①当订购200台时,E(Y)=[200×100﹣50×(200﹣100)]×0.2+200×200×0.8=35000(元)②当订购250台时,E(Y)=[200×100﹣50×(250﹣100)]×0.2+[200×200﹣50×(250﹣200)]×0.4+[200×250]×0.4=37500(元)综上所求,当订购250台时,Y的数学期望最大,11月每日应订购250台.19.(12分)如图,四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,且PA=PD,底面ABCD为矩形,点M、E、N分别为线段AB、BC、CD的中点,F是PE上的一点,PF=2FE.直线PE与平面ABCD所成的角为.(1)证明:PE⊥平面MNF;(2)设AB=AD,求二面角B﹣MF﹣N的余弦值.【解答】证明:(1)方法一:取AD中点O,连接OE,交MN于点Q,连接FQ,则OP⊥AD.因为平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,所以OP⊥平面ABCD,∠PEO=,OP=OE.因为MN∥BC,OE∥AB,所以MN⊥OE,所以MN⊥PE.又EF=PE=OE,EQ=OE,所以,所以△EFQ∽△EOP,所以,所以PE=FQ.且MN∩FQ=Q,所以PE⊥平面MNF.方法二:取AD中点O,连接OE,交MN于点Q,连接FQ,则OP⊥AD.因为平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,所以OP⊥平面AC,,OP=OE.又因为MN∥BC,OE∥AB,所以MN⊥OE,所以MN⊥PE.以O点为原点,射线OA、OE、OP方向为x轴、y轴、z轴,建立空间直角坐标系O﹣xyz.设AB=m,AD=n,则P(0,0,m),E(0,m,0),M(,0),F(0,),于是=(0,m,﹣m),=(﹣).所以=0,所以PE⊥MF,且MN∩MF=M,所以PE⊥平面MNF解:(2)取AD中点O,连接OE,交MN于点Q,连接FQ,则OP⊥AD.因为平面PAD⊥平面AC,所以OP⊥平面AC,,OP=OE.以O点为原点,射线OA、OE、OP方向为x轴、y轴、z轴的正方向,建立空间直角坐标系O﹣xyz.设AB=AD=m,则P(0,0,m),E(0,m,0),B(),M(,0),F(0,),于是=(0,m,﹣m),=(0,﹣,0),=(﹣).设平面BMF的一个法向量为=(x,y,z),则,令x=1,得=(1,0,2).而平面NMF的一个法向量为==(0,m,﹣m).所以cos<>===﹣.由图形得二面角B﹣MF﹣N的平面角是钝角,故二面角B﹣MF﹣N的余弦值为﹣.20.(12分)已知椭圆过抛物线M:x2=4y的焦点F,F1,F2分别是椭圆C的左、右焦点,且.(1)求椭圆C的标准方程;(2)若直线l与抛物线M相切,且与椭圆C交于A,B两点,求△OAB面积的最大值.【解答】(本题满分12分)解:(1)∵F(0,1),∴b=1,又,∴.又a2﹣b2=c2,∴a=2,∴椭圆C的标准方程为.(2)设直线l与抛物线相切于点P(x0,y0),则,即,联立直线与椭圆,消去y,整理得.由,得.设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),则:.则原点O到直线l的距离.故△OAB面积=,当且仅当,即取等号,故△OAB面积的最大值为1.21.(12分)已知函数f(x)=e x,g(x)=lnx,h(x)=kx+b.(1)当b=0时,若对任意x∈(0,+∞)均有f(x)≥h(x)≥g(x)成立,求实数k的取值范围;(2)设直线h(x)与曲线f(x)和曲线g(x)相切,切点分别为A(x1,f(x1)),B(x2,g(x2)),其中x1<0.①求证:x2>e;②当x≥x2时,关于x的不等式a(x1﹣1)+xlnx﹣x≥0恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)当b=0时:h(x)=kx,由f(x)≥h(x)≥g(x)知:e x≥kx≥lnx,依题意:对x∈(0,+∞)恒成立,设,当x∈(0,1)时m′(x)<0;当x∈(1,+∞)时m′(x)>0,∴[m(x)]min=m(1)=e,设,当x∈(0,e)时n′(x)>0;当x∈(e,+∞)时n′(x)<0,∴,故:实数k的取值范围是(2)由已知:f′(x)=e x,①:由得:由得:故∵x1<0,∴,∴lnx2>1,故:x2>e;②由①知:,且x2>e>1由a(x1﹣1)+xlnx﹣x≥0得:a(x1﹣1)≥x﹣xlnx,(x≥x2)设G(x)=x﹣xlnx(x≥x2)G′(x)=1﹣lnx﹣1=﹣lnx<0,∴G(x)在[x2,+∞)为减函数,∴[G(x)]max=G(x2)=x2﹣x2lnx2由a(x1﹣1)≥x2﹣x2lnx2,得:a(x1﹣1)≥x2(1﹣lnx2),∴a(x1﹣1)≥(x1﹣1)又x1<0,∴a≤1.[选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程选讲]22.(10分)已知在极坐标系中曲线C1的极坐标方程为:ρ=4cosθ,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为x轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,曲线C2的参数方程为:(t为参数),点A(3,0).(1)求出曲线C1的直角坐标方程和曲线C2的普通方程;(2)设曲线C1与曲线C2相交于P,Q两点,求|AP|•|AQ|的值.【解答】解:(1)由ρ=4cosθ,得ρ2=4ρcosθ,∴x2+y2=4x,故曲线C1的直角坐标方程为x2+y2=4x,即(x﹣2)2+y2=4.由,消去参数t,可得.∴曲线C2:;(2)将代入x2+y2=4x,得t2﹣t﹣3=0,∵△=1+4×3=13>0,∴方程有两个不等实根t1,t2分别对应点P,Q,∴|AP|•|AQ|=|t1|•|t2|=|t1•t2|=|﹣3|=3,即|AP|•|AQ|=3.[选修4-5:不等式选讲]23.已知不等式|2x﹣5|+|2x+1|>ax﹣1.(1)当a=1时,求不等式的解集;(2)若不等式的解集为R,求a的范围.【解答】(本小题满分10分)解:(1)当a=1时:不等式为:|2x﹣5|+|2x+1|>x﹣1,等价于:解得:,所以不等式的解集为:(﹣∞,+∞);(2)设函数f(x)=|2x﹣5|+|2x+1|=,设函数g(x)=ax﹣1过定点A(0,﹣1),画出f(x),g(x)的图象,不等式|2x﹣5|+|2x+1|>ax﹣1.不等式的解集为R,k AB==,由数形结合得a的范围是.。
2020年东北三省三校高三二模理综生物试题(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)-含解析
B.该三体植株能产生四种配子,其中Aa配子的比例为1/6
C.该三体植株中可能存在基因型为AAAAaa的细胞
D.该三体植株自交后代出现三体植株的概率为2/3
4.转座子是一段可移动的DNA序列,这段DNA序列可以从原位上单独复制或断裂下来,插入另一位点,转座子可在真核细胞染色体内部和染色体间转移,在细菌的拟核DNA、质粒或噬菌体之间自行移动,有的转座子中含有抗生素抗性基因,可以很快地传播到其他细菌细胞,下列推测不合理的是
C.Ef-cd基因有可能促进叶绿体中与光合作用有关酶的合成
D.Ef-cd基因有可能促进植物根细胞膜上 载体数量增加
2.动物可以通过呼吸作用吸收环境中的氧气,同时释放二氧化碳;而植物可以释放氧气,同时吸收环境中的二氧化碳,有效减缓温室效应.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述,正确的是
A.线粒体和叶绿体中消耗[H]的过程都伴随着ATP含量增加
8.促黄体生成素是自青春期开始由腺垂体分泌的一种糖蛋白类促性腺激素,它除了参与调控生殖系统的成熟以外,还与骨髓造血干细胞数量的稳定有关,感应促黄体生成素的“受体蛋白”直接表达于造血干细胞的表面。回答下列问题:
(1)促黄体生成素作用的靶器官或靶细胞有________________(至少填2种),可以用__________试剂鉴定促黄体生成素的化学本质。
12.随着科学技术的发展,人们可以根据人类的需求来改造生物的性状,在许多领域取得了可喜的成果,图中是利用奶牛乳汁生产血清白蛋白的图解,据下图回答:
(1)在图示过程中涉及的细胞水平的现代生物技术主要有____________(填2种)。
(2)图中①一般经______________处理可以得到③.能实现②进入③的常用方法是_______________________。
2024年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)高考数学四模试卷+答案解析
2024年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)高考数学四模试卷一、单选题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知,x,,则()A.2B.3C.4D.52.若,是夹角为的两个单位向量,与垂直,则()A.0B.2C.D.3.某种酸奶每罐净重单位:服从正态分布随机抽取1罐,其净重在179g与之间的概率为()注:若,,,A. B. C. D.4.等差数列的前n项和记为,若,,则()A.51B.102C.119D.2385.过点作圆的切线PA,A为切点,,则的最大值是()A. B. C. D.6.已知双曲线的左,右焦点分别为,,点P在双曲线的右支上,I为的内心,记,,的面积分别为,,,且满足,则双曲线的离心率是()A. B. C.2 D.37.某高中2023年的高考考生人数是2022年高考考生人数的倍.为了更好地对比该校考生的升学情况,统计了该校2022年和2023年高考分数达线情况,得到如图所示扇形统计图:下列结论正确的是()A.该校2023年与2022年的本科达线人数比为6:5B.该校2023年与2022年的专科达线人数比为6:7C.2023年该校本科达线人数比2022年该校本科达线人数增加了D.2023年该校不上线的人数有所减少8.如图,在棱长为2的正方体中,已知M,N,P分别是棱,,BC的中点,Q为平面PMN上的动点,且直线与直线的夹角为,则点Q的轨迹长度为()A.B.C.D.二、多选题:本题共3小题,共18分。
在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分。
9.已知,内角A,B,C分别对应边a,b,c则下列命题中正确的是()A.若,则为钝角三角形B.若,,,则的面积为C.在锐角中,不等式恒成立D.若,,且有两解,则b的取值范围是10.已知函数,则下列说法正确的是()A.的极值点为B.的极值点为1C.直线是曲线的一条切线D.有两个零点11.已知和分别是定义在R上的偶函数和奇函数,且,则下列说法中正确的是()A.4为的一个周期B.8为的一个周期C. D.三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分。
2020年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)联考高考英语二模试卷
2020年东北三省三校(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)联考高考英语二模试卷一、第二部分阅读理解(共4小题;每小题6分,满分30分}第一节(共4小题每小题6分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.1. Moringa Farm Internship ProgramDATE: 5 May〜30 November 2019LOCATION: Jaipur IndiaEVENT TYPE: TwiningEVENT INDUSTRY/TOPIC: Clean Energy, Climate & Environment, Food & Agriculture and Quality/Process Moringa(辣木), a kind of miracle tree, has come a long way today to become a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency[营养不足)across the globe. It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition contentliterally from top to bottom.Supporting learning:The Moringa Farm Internship Program is sort of like a live, interactive slideshow of agriculture making of Moringa from “Soil to Super food” that touches all the participant’s senses.The Program’s Objectives:The Moringa Farm Internship Program is devoted to enriching the knowledge and lives of young people by providing them with a unique f educational experience on an organic Moringa Farm in rural Jaipur, India. Program participants can learn about conservation, maintenance (维护), care, and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands﹣on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff.The Moringa Farm Internship will provide an excellent opportunity to learn about sustainable tools, techniques, and approaches that can be used in Moringa Production and value﹣added production systems, righting(突出)pest and diseasemanagement, leaf/seed production, and tools and equipment for commercial production. If you’re trying to learn about Moringa,there’s nothing like going to a farm and getting your hands dirty. So click here to register now!(1)Why is Moringa specifically described in the text?________A.To stress the importance of the crop.B.To encourage people to plant Moringa.C.To show the significance of the program.D.To draw attention to nutrition deficiency..(2)What can we know about the Moringa Farm Internship Program?________A. It is intended for farmers,B. It lasts more than half a year.C. It provides vocational training.D. It is available on the Internet..(3)How do the program’s participants learn about Moringa?________A. By attending various courses about it,B. By involving themselves in farming it.C. By observing specialists and educators.D. By watching slideshows about the crop.【答案】CDB【考点】广告布告类阅读应用文阅读【解析】本文为说明文.文章主要介绍辣木农场实习计划的主题、目的、实习内容等相关事项.【解答】(1) C 推理判断题.根据第一段"Moringa (辣木), a kind of mirade te..ecome a symbol of the fight against growingnutrition deficiency (营养不足) across the globe. Itis also a crop suited to the dlimatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition content lterally from top to bottom.(辣木是一种神奇的树,成为对抗全球营养缺乏的象征.它也是一种适合该地区气候条件的作物,其营养成分从叶到根都非常丰富)可知,这部分对辣木的非凡作用进行了专门的介绍,而!该计划又是针对辣木的.由此可推断,此处介绍的目的是为了体现计划的意义和重要性,故选C.(2) D 细节理解题.根据最后一段最后一句So click here to register now! (点击这里注册吧! )可知,在网上可以找到该计划,故选D.(3) B 推理判断题.根据第九段"Program participants can learn about conservation ,maintenance (维护), care , and managementof Moringa Farming by means of hands﹣on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff.(参与者可以与当地辣木农场员I ﹣.起实际体验工作,了解辣木种植的养护、维护、护理和管理)可知,参与人员通过亲自参加辣木种植来了解辣木,故选B.2. We had two dogs, Lucky and Lil’ Bit. Lucky loved to find ways to leave the confines(束缚)of her indoor living routine, which made her a masterful escape artist. Lil Bit, on the other hand, did exactly as she was told, never ________, always staying close to home…except when she came under the influence of Lucky.Whenever the two got out together, they could be seen out of sights often staying awayfor hours. More often than not, they’d arrive home near suppertime, covered in mud and leaves and smelling to high heaven from their afternoon outing in the woods.I remember one such occasion when they’d once again mysteriously escaped, except this time, they returned clean and no worse for wear.It wasn’t until a few days later that w e learned why. My wife ran into our neighbor Carl who lived a few houses down from us.“I saw your two dogs the other day, ” Carl said with a smile.“Oh, yes? I’m so sorry.They’d been so good lately, so it was such a surprise when they got out.I sure hope they didn’t cause any trouble.” my wife replied.“Oh, no, no trouble at all. Did you have any idea where they went? ”“No,” my wife answered."They attended my dog’s funeral(葬礼)Carl said sadly.“What?” Ann exclaimed, "Oh, no.I didn’t know Toby had died.“Yep, it died a couple days ago. I was burying him in the back lot when your two dogs came running up. They sat down not far from me while. I finished burying him, then they left.”“Wow that’s amazing!” my wife replied.“Toby was Lil’ Bitt father, you know.”“No,I didn’t know that,” Carl replied,“but I guess that explains why she felt like she needed to be there. She had to say her final goodbye.”(1)What words can best explain the meaning of the wo rd “straying” underlined in Para. 1?________A.Wandering away.B.Staying still.C.Shouting loudly.D.Disobeying impolitely..(2)What difference between Lucky and Lily Bit ls suggested in the first paragraph?________A.Their abilities were different.B.Their hobbies were different.C.Their personalities were different.D.Their physical features were different..(3)What would generally happen to the two dogs after they got home from outside?________A.They got more united.B.They looked in a mess.C.They smelled nice as usual.D.They got willing to do as told to..(4)What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?________A.To show his respect for dogs.B.To be in memory of his dogs.C.To suggest learning from dogs.D.To think highly of his two dogs.【答案】ACBD【考点】记叙文阅读故事类阅读【解析】本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者养的两条狗 Lucky and Lil’ Bit,他们有情有义为隔壁死去的狗祭奠.【解答】(1)A.词义猜测题.根据文章第一段Lil Bit, on the other hand, did exactly as she was told, never straying, always staying close t o home…except when she came under theinfluence of Lucky.另一方面,就像她被告知的那样,从不迷路,总是呆在家附近…除非她受到幸运的影响.可知意为走失;故选A.(2)C.细节理解题.根据文章第一段Lucky loved to find ways to leave the confines(束缚)of her indoor living routine, which made her a masterful escape artist. Lil Bit,on the other hand, did exactly as she was told, never straying, always staying close to home…except when she came under the influence of Lucky幸运的是,她喜欢设法摆脱室内生活的束缚束缚,这使她成为一个出色的逃避现实的艺术家;可知Lucky和Lily Bit ls 的区别是他们的性格不同;故选C.(3)A.细节理解题.根据文章第二段More often than not,they’d arrive home near suppertime, covered in mud and leaves and smelling to high heaven from their afternoon outing in the woods.更多的时候,他们会在晚饭时间到家,浑身是泥,树叶,下午在树林里郊游时闻到天堂的味道.可知这两只狗从外面回家后通常会看起来一团糟;故选A.(4)D.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段“No,I didn’t know that,” Carl re plied,“but I guess that explains why she felt like she needed to be there. She had to say her final goodbye.”不,我不知道,卡尔回答说,但我想这解释了为什么她觉得她需要去那儿.可知作者写文是为表示对自己两条狗的高度评价;故选D3. Two years ago, Kiirsat Ceylan was in New York to give a talk about disability rights at the U. N. Blind since birth, the Turkish man was struggling to find his hotel, holding a cane in one hand and pulling his luggage with the other.“Not surprisingly, suddenly I bumped into a pole/*he says*”It was a bit bloody."The problem with a cane is that, while it can tell you what’s on the grounds it doesn’t help with objects at the body or head level.It wasn’t the first time Ceylan had run into something, injuring himself.“” I have no problem with my scars, which make me more handsome I guess, " Ceylan says, laughing.“But I don’t need hew ones.”With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily*The cane uses an ultrasonic(超声波)sensor which detects objects at body or head level and gives a warning vibration. WeWalk users pair the cane with their smartphones and then use the cane’s touchpad to access features like voice assistant or navigation*Before leaving home, they can plug their destination into Google Maps and get spoken directions as they walk In the future, Ceylan hopes to connect WeWalk with public transportation and ridesharing services.Assistive technology is often expensive for blind people, says Eelke Folmer, a computer science professor at the University of Nevada! Reno. "But developers fail to realize their devices are out of reach for many blind people, To Folmer, the price point﹣﹩ 500﹣﹣sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies.Ceylan sees WeWalk as part of an attempt to help blind people achieve greater freedom of movement, which he believes will give them greater access to education and jobs. The canes are already having an impact on users, Ceylan says. He recently received an email from a teacher in Ireland who had become blind as an adult.He’d been depressed and housebound. But since getting a WeWalk cane, your device forced me to go out. It became my anti﹣ depressant. " he wrote.(1)Why is a story about Kursat Ceylan given at the beginning of the text?________A.To stress the difficulty caused by blindness.B.To show his reason for developing his cane.C.To indicate the problems with present canes.D. To show his positive and humorous character..(2)What can WeWalk do at present according to the text?________A, Provide fast Internet access.B. Start conversations with users.C. Tell users what is around them.D. Connect with ridesharing services..(3)What does Folmer think is the advantage of WeWalk over other assistive technologies?________A. It is easily affordable,B. It is easily controllable.C. It works better for users,D. It looks more attractive..(4)What is the text mainly about?________A, The increasing demand for smart canes.B. A blind man s devotion to smart canes.C. A smart cane’s effects on blind people,D. An assistive technology for the blind.【答案】BCAB【考点】记叙文阅读故事类阅读【解析】文章介绍盲人Kursat Ceylan 一直致力于研发一直智能拐杖,帮助盲人到处自由行走.【解答】(1)B.细节理解题.根据第五段的With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopesto help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.有了新的智能拐杖WeWalk,Ceylan希望能帮助其他盲人更容易地驾驭他们的环境.可知,文章提到Kursat Ceylan 的故事是想说明他研发这种拐杖的原因.故选B.(2)C.细节理解题.根据第五段的With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopesto help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.有了新的智能拐杖WeWalk,Ceylan希望能帮助其他盲人更容易地驾驭他们的环境.可知,WeWalk可以告诉使用者周围的情况.故选C.(3)A.细节理解题,根据文章倒数第二段的句子To Folmer, the price point﹣﹩500﹣﹣ sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies.对Folmer来说,500英镑的价格使WeWalk手杖有别于其他技术.可知,Folmer 认为这种拐杖和其他的拐杖比起来是使用者能负担得起.故选A.(4)B.主旨大意题,根据文章的内容可知,文章介绍盲人Kursat Ceylan 一直致力于研发一直智能拐杖,帮助盲人到处自由行走.故选B.4. When you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you’re going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Tube” to you r definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first “National Park City.”London was established by the Romans around 2, 000 years ago and has been continually inhabited(居住于)since then*In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings^ which means London already has a much lower urban density(密度)than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space,In July 2019, London announced its willing ness to become the world’s first National Park City, Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through.“Inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks, the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long﹣term strategic thinking, ” Daniel Raven﹣Ellison, who began the campaign to make London a National Park City six years ago said in a press release."We’ve been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green and diverse, fLondon will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely﹣urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% greenspace, respectively. But tha t doesn’t mean it’s not possible﹣﹣the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.(1)What makes London more likely to become a national park city than other cities?________A. Its smaller population.B. The government’s efforts.C. Its less dense urbanization,D. Its citizens’ great support..(2)Where can we find the data on London’s measures to achieve its goal?________A. In Paragraph 1.B. In Paragraph 2.C. In Paragraph 3.D. In Paragraph 4..(3)What is Daniel Raven﹣Ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph?________A. London’s lo ng﹣term strategic thinking.B. The significance of London’s campaign.C. The effects of national parks on London.D. The resources of London s green space..(4)What can we infer from the last paragraph?________A.Trying to be a national park city is turning new trend.B.National park cities are springing up around the world.C.It is so easy for London to become a national park city.D.National park cities are making improvements to our life.【答案】CCBA【考点】人文地理类阅读说明文阅读【解析】本文属于新闻报道类的短文阅读.主要介绍了伦敦致力于建成国家级的公园城市,努力创造更加湛蓝、清澈的天空.国家公园城市的创建已经成为了一种趋势.【解答】(1)C.细节理解题.根据文章第二段which means London already has a much lower urban density(密度)than most of the worlds cities.这意味着伦敦的城市密度已经远远低于世界上大多数城市.可知,伦敦与世界上的其他城市相比较是一个城市化密度比较低的地区;故选C.(2)C.推理判断题.根据文章第三段Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks现在,该市正朝着到2050年通过连接和扩展公共公园实现50%绿地率的目标迈进.可知,在第三段提到了伦敦为了实现到2050年达到50%是绿色空间这一目标而努力,后面是具体的措施;故选C.(3)B.细节理解题.根据文章第四段the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital ,伦敦国家公园城市基本上是为了改善首都的生活.以及最后一句中的which is why London is so green and diverse可知,伦敦行动正在把城市变得更美丽、更多样化,环境更清新,由此推知这是伦敦行动产生的影响;故选B.(4)A.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段that doesn’t mean it’s not possible﹣﹣the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025这并不意味着这是不可能的﹣﹣国家公园城市基金会希望到2025年,除了伦敦之外,还能再雇佣25个城市.可知,许多城市都在努力争取成为国家公园城市,这已经变成了一种流行的趋势;故选A.一、第二节(共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Continuous learning benefits us in many ways. First of all, it allows the increase in knowledge and ability in our career. For example, watching someone work can make us a better worker.(1)_______ For example, we can learn about the general workforce and how the application process works to better prepare us for job searching. This can help iffor some reason you lose your job and need to find other work.What’s more, continuous learning can open our mind. Having an open mind and willingness to takeon new ideas can do wonders. First of all it builds your attitude towards change.(2)_______ Second, when you take continuous learning into account, you can begin tounderstand how others feel about a particular issue.(3)_______They are always looking for new experiences and do differentthings. Moreover,they not only have knowledge on various topics that aren’t always related to present roles but also know about the latest trends and technologies in the industry.To develop continuous learning, you have to begin with setting a clear and specific goal.(4)_______ Once your goal is set, build a system to help support your strategy. You want to be looking for different sources of information, but also to be picky about it, In other words, try to learn within your specific field but ensure the information is coming from a trustworthy source﹣ At the same time, do use tools to help improve your learning system.(5)_______Seminars (研讨会), workshops , and live classes are the tools that modern learners need as they make learning effective﹣A.Learning can improve other areas in our lives.B.Besides, learning can prepare us for the unexpected.C.If always learning, you are always improving.D.Excellent continuous learners behave in a specific manner.E.Being excited about change can affect others around you positively.F.There’re various tools to help you present information and learning.G.Knowing what you want to achieve can encourage you to keep learnings【答案】B,E,D,G,F【考点】说明文七选五【解析】本文属于议论文的短文阅读.主要介绍的是不断的学习给我们在很多方面带来益处.并从几个方面进行了详细的分析和解读.【解答】BEDGF(1) B.考查细节理解和上下文之间的衔接.根据第一段中的First of all可推知,接下来描述的是第二个方面,结合后面的句子This can help if for some reason you lose your job and need to find other work.可知,这是描述的当你失去工作或者需要找另一份工作时的帮助,所有B项Besides, learning can prepare us for the unexpected.具有承上启下的作用,能给你带来意料之外的结果;故选B.(2) E.考查细节理解和上下文之间的衔接.根据前面一句First of all it builds your attitude towards change可知,第一点主要介绍的是建立你应对变化的态度,Being excited about change can affect others around you positively.正是介绍的积极应对变化会对周围的人产生好的影响;故选E.(3) D.考查细节理解和上下文之间的衔接.后面的句子They are always looking for new experiences and do different things.说的是他们总是在寻找新的经历,做着不同的事情,与之相对应的就是D.Excellent continuous learners behave in a specific manner (优秀的持续的学习者总是行事特殊),后面的句子就是举例说明这一点.故选D.(4) G.考查细节理解和上下文之间的衔接.该空的前面you have to begin with setting a clear and specific goal是说要从设定一个清晰明确的目标开始,后面又说一旦设定了目标就要怎么做,那么Knowing what you want to achieve can encourage you to keep learnings(知道自己想要实现的目标能够鼓舞你继续学习)能够和上下文相衔接.故选G.(5) F.考查细节理解和上下文之间的衔接.前面do use tools to help improve yourlearning system是说要一定使用不同的工具来提高你的学习系统,后面又列举了几个不工具的名称,所以F项There’re various tools to help you present information and learning (有各种各样的工具可以帮助你们展现信息和学习进程)符合;故选F.一、第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共1小题;每小题1. 5分,满分盹分>阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑・.When I was growing up, there was a pizza shop right down the street from me, The pizza shop was(1)_______ by a Chinese woman who opened the place around 11 : 00a. m. and closed it around midnight every day. The food was good, and its(2)_______were a right size. As far as I knew, the menu never(3)_______. The woman would take a(n)(4)_______ and then return to the kitchen and make it while the customer stood(5)_______ at the counter.One day the woman(6)_______ the pizza shop to a man. The man(7)_______on running thepizza shop with his wife. I was around fifteen and one day I went inside the pizza shop and began talking with the new owners. Within minutes of my starting the(8)_______, the man and his wife offered me a(n)(9)_______.They’d printed many paper menus and they wanted me to hang them on the doors in the area.I enjoyed the work as it was fun. As I did this with them one Sunday afternoon, they told me about how(10)_______the Chinese woman had been. They told me she used too expensive cheese. They were planning to stop(11)_______chicken because chicken was expensive and pizza was really(12)_______to make. They were(13)_______the business was going to be a cash cow for them.As I listened to all this, I decided these people must be very smart.(14)_______, within several months, they were out of(15)_______ completely, and the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year(16)_______ it was turned into flooring store. The new owners thought only about how the business could(17)_______ them, and how they could reduce(18)_______to fatten their own wallets. This is why they ended up(19)_______. After all, everyone loves people and businesses that are more(20)_______ with serving others than themselves.(1)A.purchasedB.expandedC.operatedD.frequented(2)A.populationsB.portionsC.measuresD.surroundings(3)A.improvedB.extendedC.worsenedD.altered(4)A.orderB.chanceC.walkD.dish(5)A.restingB.admiringC.waitingD.observing(6)A.transferredB.soldC.referredD.donated(7)A.focusedB.wentC.insistedD.planned(8)A.tradeB.argumentC.discussionD.deal(9)A.recommendationB.jobC.assignmentD.reward(10)A.stupidB.intelligentC.awkwardD.hardworking(11)A.preparingB.buyingC.servingD.consuming(12)A.swiftB.cheapC.interestingD.convenient(13)A.worriedB.luckyC.hopefulD.sure(14)A.InsteadB.AdditionallyC.HoweverD.Consequently(15)A.businessB.sightC.placeD.control(16)A.UnfortunatelyB.InstantlyC.SuddenlyD.Eventually(17)A.influenceB.benefitC.promoteD.involve(18)A.costsB.billsC.pricesD.ingredients(19)A.decliningB.quittingC.failingpromising(20)A.satisfiedB.concernedC.patientD.familiar【答案】CCDACABCBACBCCBDBACB【考点】人生感悟类阅读【解析】本文记述了一家披萨店不同老板经营的披萨店的景象,也告诉我们第二个老板只考虑披萨店给他们带来好处,他们能够降低成本来填满自己的钱包.这就是为什么以失败告终的原因.【解答】(1)C.考查动词及语境理解.A.purchased购买; B. expanded扩展;C. operated操作,使运行; D.frequented常去.根据后文who opened the place around 11 :00 a. m. and closed it around midnight every day.可见是一个中国妇女经营这件披萨店,所以选C.(2)C.考查名词及语境理解.A.populations人口; B. portions 部分;C. measures尺寸; D.surroundings环境.根据a right size是合适的尺寸,所以说的应该是measures尺度,所以选C.(3)D.考查及语境理解.A.improved提高; B. extended 扩展;C. worsened变得更糟; D.altered改变,更改.据我所知,菜单从来没有改变过,所以选D.(4)A.考查名词及语境理解.A.order 订单;B. chance 机会;C. walk 走路;D.dish盘子.根据后文句子return to the kitchen and make it while the customer stood (5)at the counter.可见是拿到订单后去厨房做出来,客人在外边等着,所以选A.(5)C.考查动词及语境理解.A.resting 休息;B. admiring崇拜; C. waiting等待;D.observing观察.可见老板是拿到订单后去厨房做出来,客人在外边等着,所以选C.(6)A.考查及语境理解.A.transferred转移,转让; B. sold 卖;C. referred谈及;D.donated捐赠.根据后文句子 began talking with the new owners.可见这个女的把披萨店转给了一个男人,所以选A.(7)B.考查短语及语境理解.A.focused on集中注意力于;B. went on继续;C. insisted on坚持; D.planned on做计划.这个男的和他的妻子继续经营披萨店,所以选B.(8)C.考查名词及语境理解.A.trade 买卖;B. argument 争论;C. discussion 讨论;D.deal交易.根据前文句子I went inside the pizza shop and began talking with the new owners,我和他们谈话,讨论了几分钟,这对夫妇提供给我一份工作,所以选C.(9)B.考查名词及语境理解.A.recommendation 推荐;B. job 工作;C. assignment任务; D.reward回报.根据后文句子They’d printed many paper menus and they wanted me to hang them on the doors in the area,他们印了很多纸菜单,想让我把它们挂在那个地方的门上, I enjoyed the work as it was fun.可见这应该是他们提供给我的一个工作,所以选B.(10)A.考查形容词及语境理解.A.stupid 愚蠢的;B. intelligent 聪明的;C. awkward可怕的; D.hardworking努力工作的.根据后文They told me she usedtoo expensive cheese.这对夫妇告诉我原来的老板用太贵的奶酪,在他们的眼中应该是愚蠢的,所以选A.(11)C.考查动词及语境理解.A.preparing准备; B. buying买; C. serving 提供;D.consuming消费.根据后文句子chicken was expensive and pizza was really(12)to make.鸡肉太贵了,可见他们不再提供鸡肉.所以选C.(12)B.考查形容词及语境理解.A.swift 迅速的;B. cheap 便宜的;C. interesting有趣的; D.convenient方便的.根据前文句子They were planning to stop(11)chicken because chicken was expensive ,可见披萨的制作降低了成本,很便宜.所以选B.(13)C.考查形容词及语境理解.A.worried 焦急的;B. lucky 幸运的;C. hopeful有希望的; D.sure确定的.他们希望这家店铺能成为他们的摇钱树.所以选C.(14)C.考查副词及语境理解.A.Instead代替; B. Additionally 此外;C. However然而; D.Consequently因此.根据前文句子As I listened to all this, I decided these people must be very smart,我以为他们很聪明,然而几个月之后,披萨店就不见了,所以选C.(15)B.考查名词及语境理解.A.business 商业;B. sight看,景观; C. place 地方;D.control控制.根据后文句子and the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year (16)it was turned into flooring store,可见几个月之后,披萨店就不见了.所以选B.(16)D.考查副词及语境理解.A.Unfortunately不幸地; B. Instantly 立刻;C. Suddenly 突然;D.Eventually最终.根据前文句子the pizza place sat there vacantfor over a year,最终转成了一个地板店,所以选D.(17)B.考查动词及语境理解.A.influence影响; B. benefit 好处;C. promote晋升; D.involve参与,牵扯.根据前文对披萨店老板的描述可知老板只考虑披萨店给他们带来好处,所以选B.(18)A.考查名词及语境理解.A.costs 外套;B. bills 账单;C. prices价格;D.ingredients原料,成分.根据前文句子The new owners thought only about how the business could(17)them,老板只考虑披萨店给他们带来好处,他们能够降低成本来填满自己的钱包.所以选A.(19)C.考查动词及语境理解.A.declining 宣布;B. quitting 停止;C. failing 失败;D.compromising比较.老板只考虑披萨店给他们带来好处,他们能够降低成本来填满自己的钱包.这就是他们为什么以失败告终的原因,所以选C.(20)B.考查及语境理解.A.satisfied 满意的;B. concerned 关心的;C. patient有耐心的;D.familiar熟悉的.毕竟,每个人都爱那些更关心为他人服务的人和企业.所以选B.一、第二节(共1小题:每小题L 5分,满分15分)阅读下列材料,在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.Plastic is a huge problem for our planet. It is really(1)________ (challenge) to getrid of and a lot of it ends up in nature or in the ocean in particular. There, it is a threat (2)________ our animals and plants.Now a company from the Netherlands, a small country in western Europe, says that itwill use plastic (3)________ (find) in the ocean to build roads. Volker Wessels(4)________(turn) the plastic into building blocks for the roads. They will be like puzzle pieces(5)________ fit into each other.Not only will this be good for the environment, but also it will be good for the people who look after roads. If a part of the road(6)________(damage),it will be easy to remove it and replace it with another piece. The company says that nearly any type of plastic canbe used(7)________(make) the road pieces.Scientists(8)________(work) on the project say that they are in the final stages of testing the materials for(9)________(safe). They say that the first road built will be (10)________ bicycle path somewhere in the Netherlands.【答案】challenging,to,found,will turn,which,is damaged,to make,working,safety,a【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】塑料对我们的星球来说是一个巨大的问题.要摆脱塑料确实是一个挑战,很多塑料最终会进入大自然,特别是海洋.在那里,塑料对我们的动植物是一个威胁.现在,一家来自西欧小国荷兰的公司说,他们将使用在海洋中发现的塑料来建造道路,他们正在对材料进行安全性测试的最后阶段.他们说,在荷兰某处修建的第一条道路将是一条自行车道.【解答】(1)challenging.考查派生词.做It is 的表语,表示“具有挑战性的”,用形容词challenging.(2)to.考查介词.和名词a threat连用,表示“是…的威胁”,修饰名词our animals and plants,用介词to.(3)found.考查非谓语动词.做定语,和名词plastic是被动关系,用过去分词found.(find) in the ocean to build roads. Volker Wessels(4)will turn.考查谓语动词.根据后文可知不玩你就用一般将来时态,所以谓语动词用will turn.(5)which.考查定语从句.代指先行词 puzzle pieces,做非限制性定语从句fit into each other的主语,用关系词which.(6)is damaged.考查谓语动词.根据主将从现可知从句用一般现在时态,后文主语a part of the road一致,表示“被损坏”,谓语动词用is damaged.(7)to make.考查动词不定式.表示“被用了做某事”,用be used to do sth,所以用动词不定式to make.(8)working.考查非谓语动词.做定语,和名词Scientists构成主动关系,用现在分词working.(9)safety.考查派生词.做 testing the materials for的宾语,表示“安全”,用名词safety.(10)a.考查冠词.修饰名词bicycle path,表示“一条自行车道”,用不定冠词a.一、第四部分写作(共两节,满分10分)第一节短文改错(共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文.文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处.错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改.増加:在缺词处加一个字符号(∧),并在其下面写岀该加的词.删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.I will never forget my first day at high school. That day, one of my new classmate was late. He stood outside the classroom silent before our teacher let her in. He cried on his desk. I asked him what happened. He hesitated for a while, but then told me that his father had died several days ago. After a moment, he added that his mother is now badly ill. Heard his words, I felt sorry for his sufferings. So I decided not to organize an activity to raise money for him. It is really happy for me to be help to other people.【答案】I will never forget my first day at high school. That day, one of my new classmate was late. He stood outside the classroom silent before our teacher let her in. He cried on his desk. I asked him what happened. He hesitated for a while, but then told me that his father had died several days ago. After a moment, he added that his mother is now badly ill. Heard his words, I felt sorry for his sufferings. So I decided not to organize an activity to raise money for him. It is really happy for me to be∧ help to other people.解析1.classmate﹣﹣﹣classmates.考查名词.根据修饰词 one of ,可知用名词复数classmates.2.silent﹣﹣﹣silently.考查副词.修饰动词stood outside the classroom ,用副词silently.3.her﹣﹣﹣him.考查代词.根据上下文可知这是一个男孩,所以做let的宾语,用him.4.on﹣﹣﹣at.考查介词.根据句意可知这个孩子趴在桌子上哭,这个位置,介词用at.5. but ﹣﹣﹣and.考查连词.本句表示“他犹豫了一会儿,然后告诉我他父亲几天前去世了”,所以前后是承接关系,所以连词用and.6.去掉had.考查时态.根据时间状语several days ago,可知谓语动词用一般过去时态,所以去掉had.7.is ﹣﹣﹣was.考查时态.根据主句的谓语动词added ,可知从句的系动词用was.8. Heard ﹣﹣﹣ Hearing.考查非谓语动词.做时间状语,和主语I是主动关系,用现在分词 Hearing.9.去掉not.考查句意.根据上下文可知本句表示“我决定组织活动为他筹款”,所以去掉not.10.be 后加of/help﹣﹣﹣helpful.考查词性.做 be 的表语,表示“有帮助的”,用固定句式of help 或者形容词helpful.。
东北三省三校(哈尔滨师大附中、东北师大附中、 辽宁省实验中学)2019届高三第一次模拟英语试题(解析版)
哈师大附中东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学2019年高三第一次联合模拟考试英语试卷时间:120分钟满分:150分注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡相应位置上。
2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第I卷选择题(满分100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】How much will the woman pay?A. $12.B. $30.C. $42.【答案】C【解析】【详解】此题为听力题,解析略。
2.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】When will the speakers meet?A. On WednesdayB. On ThursdayC. On Friday【答案】C【解析】【详解】此题为听力题,解析略。
3.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】Who is Miss Jones?A. The man’s classmate.B. The man’s teacher.C. The man’s sister.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此题为听力题,解析略。
4.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】Where does the man most probably work?A. In a shop.B. On a farm.C. In an office.【答案】A【解析】【详解】此题为听力题,解析略。
5.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】What will the weather be like at midday tomorrow?A. Stormy.B. Cloudy.C. Thundery.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此题为听力题,解析略。
东北三校(哈师大附中、东师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)2021届高三第二次联合模拟考试英语试题
东北三校(哈师大附中、东师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)2021届高三第二次联合模拟考试英语试题一、短对话1.What are the speakers mainly discussing?A.A job. B.A training course. C.An interesting experience.2.What will the woman probably do before eight?A.Visit a friend. B.See a doctor. C.Go to a movie.3.How does the woman feel about the man?A.Thankful. B.Dissatisfied. C.Proud.4.Why does the woman look troubled?A.Because she has to leave her friend.B.Because she doesn't like living in the dorm.C.Because she can't manage to move house herself.5.Where are the speakers ?A.At a clothing store. B.At the doctor's. C.At home.二、长对话听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
6.Why is the man talking to the woman?A.To do a task for a program. B.To sell books. C.To do a survey.7.Who does the woman admire most?A.An actress. B.A writer. C.A dancer.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
8.How much will the man pay for the room per night?A.$50, B.$62. C.$75.9.What does the man care about most?A.The telephone. B.The television. C.The Internet.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
东北三省(哈尔滨师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)2024届高三第三次联合模拟考试数学试题
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2020年东北三校高三二模英语试题(含答案和解析)(哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学)
2020年东北三校⾼三⼆模英语试题(含答案和解析)(哈师⼤附中、东北师⼤附中、辽宁省实验中学)英语试卷第1页(共8页)哈尔滨师⼤附中2020年尚三第⼆次联合模拟考试东北师⼈附⼬卄.、. 辽宁省实验中学英语试卷注意事项:1 ?答卷询,考⽣务必将门⼰的姓名、准切正号#?在本试卷和签题卡相应位呂上°2.选出每⼩题答案厉,川铅笔把答题卡上对应题H 的答案标号涂⿊如需改动?川橡⽪擦⼲净后?仲选涂Jt 他答案标号,冋答⾮选择题时?将答案吗在答题卡上?每在⽊试卷上⽆效°3?考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。
满分15()分諾试吋间120分钟。
第⼀部分听⼒[共两节,满分30分]第⼀节(共5⼩题;毎⼩题1?5分?满分7.5分)听下⾯5段对话。
毎段对话后有⼀个⼩題■从题⼬所给的AbC 三个选项⼱选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。
每段对话仅读⼀遍。
1. W r hy Can , t the WonKln get in the door?A? The d∞r is stuck. Ik The IoCk is frozen, 2. IlOχ? InUCII CIOeS Ihe WOlnan Want Io spend?Λ. $3() at most.B. $8() at most. 3. WhO might the WOnUUI be IalkilIg to?A. A COlIeagUe ? B ? A SaleSI)erson ? 4. Vi r llal (1Λ? It , s modem anB. It 1 S more attractive than IliS old one.C. It' S not appropriate for Ihe WorkI)I<κre?5? HOw does Ihe InaII feel UbOUt the idea?A. UnSlIrC ? B? Relaxed ? 第⼆节(共15⼩题:每⼩题1.5分?满分22.5分)听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。
2023东北三省三校一模(哈师大附中)语文试题及答案
2023东北三省三校一模(哈师大附中)语文试题及答案哈尔滨师大附中东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学2023年高三第一次联合模拟考试语文试题一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。
材料一:熊十力说“《中庸》本演易之书,冯友兰也把“易庸”连在一起讲,说“《中庸》的主要意思与《易传》的主要意思,有许多相同之处”。
但实际上,《易》《庸》很有不同。
《易》是世界观,《庸》则将它转为内在论;《易》是由天而人,对外在世界即宇宙、历史、生活作了多方面的论证。
《庸》却完全以人的意识修养为中心,主要是对内在人性心灵的形而上的发掘。
也正因为《中庸》主要是内在的追求意识,所以从信奉佛教的梁武帝到大讲人性的宋明理学,一直到今日的所谓“现代新儒家”,都十分重视它。
《易传》承续荀子,吸收了《老子》“道”的思想,从外在历史眼界出发,建立起天人相通的世界观;《中庸》承续孟子,也吸取了“道”的思想,从内在心性出发,建立了同样的世界观。
《中庸》的基本特征是将儒学出发点立足地的“修身”赋以世界观的形而上基石,提出了“天命之谓性,率性之谓道,修道之谓教”的总纲领,从而把“人性”提到“天命”高度,进一步把“天”与“人”联结起来,发展了孟子理论。
《中庸》撇开了宽广的历史进程,显得拘谨而局促,但它在理论建构的精深紧凑上,却又超过了《易传》。
它与《易传》的共同处在于对道家世界观的吸取改造。
在道家,“道”是最高功能和实体,“天法道”(《老子》),“道高于“天”;儒家则相反,“天”高于“道”,“道之大原出于天,天不变道亦不变”(董仲舒)。
儒家之所以能如此,正是通过《易传》《中庸》而确定的。
“道”是无心的,无往而不在;“天”是有心的,与人亲近而相通。
正是《易传》赋予“天”以与人相通的生命、情感;《中庸》则更使“人性”成为“天命”,遵循这个“天命”便是“道”。
而它们基本共性又都是“不息”。
《易传》讲“天行健,君子以自强不息”,《中庸》讲“故至诚无息”,都把儒学重“学”、重“教”、重人为、重修养的内容赋予了自然的“道”和主宰的“天”。
哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验联合模拟考试(英语)word版
英语试题第二部分:英语知识运用第二节语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。
As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving____16____(steady)through the air, and although the passengers ___17___(fasten) their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess presented. She looked very pale,__18___ was quite calm. Speaking quickly and almost in a whisper, she informed everyone that the pilot had fainted and asked if ___19___ of the passengers knew anything about machines. After a moment’s hesitation,___20___ man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot’s cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that ___21___(send) by radio from the airport below. To everyone’s relief, the plane,__22__ was dangerously close to the ground at the moment ,soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar ___23___ the controls of the plane. The critical moment came ___23___ he had to land. The man,____25____(follow) the instructions, guided the plane toward the airfield, and it landed safely after a long run along the runway.第二节完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
