金融服务外包【外文翻译】
外文翻译
Outsourcing in Financial Services
Material Source:Business Credit October 2005,Vol.107, No.9,64-70
Author:The Joint Forum
1 Executive Summary
Financial services businesses throughout the world are increasingly using third
parties to carry out activities that the businesses themselves would normally have
undertaken. Industry research and surveys by regulators show financial firms
outsourcing significant parts of their regulated and unregulated activities. These
outsourcing arrangements are also becoming increasingly complex.
Outsourcing has the potential to transfer risk, management and compliance to
third parties who may not be regulated, and who may operate offshore.
In these situations, how can financial service businesses remain confident that
they remain in charge of their own business and in control of their business risks?
How do they know they are complying with their regulatory responsibilities? How
can these businesses demonstrate that they are doing so when regulators ask?
To help answer these questions and to guide regulated businesses, the Joint
Forum established a working group to develop high-level principles about
outsourcing.
In this paper, the key issues and risks are spelt out in more detail and principles
are put forward that can serve as benchmarks. The principles apply across the
banking, insurance and securities sectors, and the international committees involved
in each sector1 may build on these principles to offer more specific and focused
guidance. Selected international case studies (see Annex A) show why these
questions matter.
Today outsourcing is increasingly used as a means of both reducing costs and
achieving strategic aims. Its potential impact can be seen across many business
activities, including information technology (e.g., applications development,
programming, and coding), specific operations (e.g., some aspects of finance and
accounting, back-office activities & processing, and administration), and contract
1 The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), the International Organization of Securities
Commissions (IOSCO) and the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS). functions (e.g., call centres). Industry reports and regulatory surveys of industry
practice indicate that financial firms are entering into arrangements in which other
firms – related firms within a corporate group and third-party service providers –
conduct significant parts of the enterprise’s regulated and unregulated activities.2
Activities and functions within an organisation are performed and delivered in
diverse ways. An institution might split such functions as product manufacturing,
marketing, back-office and distribution within the regulated entity. Where a
regulated entity keeps such arrangements in-house, but operates some activities from
various locations, this would not be classified as outsourcing. The entity would
therefore be expected to provide for any risks posed by this in its regular risk
management framework.
Increasingly more complex arrangements are developing whereby related
entities perform some activities, while unrelated service providers perform others. In
each case the service provider may or may not be a regulated entity. The Joint
Forum principles are designed to apply whether or not the service provider is a
regulated entity.
Outsourcing has been identified in various industry and regulatory reports as
raising issues related to risk transfer and management, frequently on a cross-border
basis, and industry and regulators acknowledge that this increased reliance on the
outsourcing of activities may impact on the ability of regulated entities to manage
their risks and monitor their compliance with regulatory requirements. Additionally,
there is concern among regulators as to how outsourcing potentially could impede
the ability of regulated entities to demonstrate to regulators (e.g., through
examinations) that they are taking appropriate steps to manage their risks and
comply with applicable regulations.
Among the specific concerns raised by outsourcing activities is the potential for
over-reliance on outsourced activities that are critical to the ongoing viability of a
regulated entity as well as its obligations to customers.
Regulated entities can mitigate these risks by taking steps (as discussed in the
principles) to: draw up comprehensive and clear outsourcing policies, establish
effective risk management programmes, require contingency planning by the
outsourcing firm, negotiate appropriate outsourcing contracts, and analyse the
代理记账服务英语表达
代理记账服务英语表达
代理记账服务在英语中通常表达为 "Bookkeeping Service" 或 "Outsourced Bookkeeping
Service"，是一项由专业会计师或会计公司提供的外包服务，旨在帮助个人、小型企业或中型企业管理其日常财务记录和账目。这种服务通常包括但不限于以下方面：
1、交易记录管理：代理记账服务涉及记录客户的所有财务交易，包括销售、购买、收入和支出等。
2、账目整理和归档：将所有财务交易按照会计原则和法规要求进行归类和整理，确保账目的准确性和完整性。
3、财务报表准备：为客户准备基本的财务报表，如资产负债表、利润表和现金流量表，帮助客户了解其财务状况。
4、税务准备和规划：帮助客户准备税务文件和计划，包括税务申报和税务优化建议，以符合税务合规要求。
5、预算和预测：根据历史数据帮助客户制定预算，提供财务预测和建议，以支持更好的财务决策。
6、咨询和建议：提供财务管理、现金流管理和其他财务相关的咨询服务，以帮助客户提高财务管理效率。
Bookkeeping Services, also known as Outsourced Bookkeeping Services, are professional
services provided by certified accountants or accounting firms. These services are designed to
assist individuals, small and medium-sized businesses in managing their daily financial
records and bookkeeping tasks. The services typically include, but are not limited to:
Transaction Record Management: This involves recording all financial transactions of the
外文翻译--农村金融主流的非正规金融机构
设计巴巴 附录1
RURAL FINANCE: MAINSTREAMING INFORMAL
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
By Hans Dieter Seibel
Abstract
Informal financial institutions (IFIs), among them the ubiquitous rotating savings
and credit associations, are of ancient origin. Owned and self-managed by local
people, poor and non-poor, they are self-help organizations which mobilize their own
resources, cover their costs and finance their growth from their profits. With the
expansion of the money economy, they have spread into new areas and grown in
numbers, size and diversity; but ultimately, most have remained restricted in size,
outreach and duration. Are they best left alone, or should they be helped to upgrade
their operations and be integrated into the wider financial market? Under conducive
policy conditions, some have spontaneously taken the opportunity of evolving into
国际金融翻译
国际金融翻译
一、翻译第一单元：
MNC 跨国公司
Multinational Corporation 跨国公司Parent (firm) 母公司headquarter 总部Subsidiary 子公司subsidy 补助Host
government东道国政府Shareholder 股东Stockholder股东Bondholder 债券持有人
domestic firm国内企业
Agency problem 代理问题
Agency cost 代理成本
Consolidation 综合
Merger 合并Acquisition 收购
M&A 并购
Hostile takeover 恶意收购
Friendly merger 善意收购
Mutual fund 共同基金
Pension fund 养老基金Comparative advantage 比较优势Imperfect market theory 不完全市场理论Product of cycle theory
产品生命周期理论Licensing 许可经营
Franchising 特许代理
Copyright 版权Patent 专利Registered trademark 注册商标
Joint venture 合资企业
FDI Foreign Direct Investment
外国直接投资
DFI 钻石
Exposure 曝光risk 风险
Market share 市场份额
Time zone 时区
Inventory 存货 Institutional investor 机构投资Individual investor 个人投资
第二单元：
Balance of payment 国际收支
Current account 活期账户（经常项目）Capital account 资本账户
Balance of trade 贸易平衡
Trade surplus 贸易顺差
融资外文翻译
融资外文翻译
2
———————————————————————————————— 作者：
———————————————————————————————— 日期：
3 / 21 第1页
1
新兴公司融资
威廉·B·加特纳
克莱姆森大学
斯皮罗创业领导力研究院
346 Sirrine厅
克莱姆森，SC 29634-1305
电话：864.656.0825
传真：864.656.7237
gartner@
凯西J.福雷德
克莱姆森大学
斯皮罗创业领导力研究院
346 Sirrine厅
克莱姆森，SC 29634-1305
电话：864.650.8800
传真：864.656.7237
caseyf@
约翰·C·亚历山大
克莱姆森大学
财务部
314 Sirrine厅
克莱姆森，SC 29634-1323
4 / 21 电话：864.656.0547
传真：864.656.3748
alexanj@
本文已提交的版本在巴布森学院的创业研究
会议上，教堂山，北卡罗来纳，6月，2008年5
日
面板上的研究的年度研讨会
创业动力，格林维尔，SC，2008年11月。
第2页
2
新兴公司融资
抽象
本研究探讨了1214名新生的企业家的融资选择，在教育局常任秘书长
II数据集参与的过程中，开始新业务。 资金来源
分为两大类：个人和外部。 我们开发了一套假设
有关的各种公司和新生的企业家的特点，将有可能影响
哪些类别的金融资源的使用，以及所收购的金额。 的大多数
新兴企业的融资（所有资金的57％）来自个人捐款
它的创始人，谁贡献了每个受访者的中位数为5,500元。 的企业
预计将有较高的收入水平，注册成立，并依法登记注册
明显更容易获得外部资金。 新生的企业家具有较高的
教育和净值水平显着更有可能获得外部资金。
银行的未来：赤道原则和项目融资市场【外文翻译】
银行的未来：赤道原则和项目融资市场【外文翻译】
外文翻译
原文
Banking on the future:THE EQUATOR PRINCIPLES and the
project finance
market
Material Source:IFC Author: Suellen Lazarus When 10 banks
adopted the Equator Principles in June 2003,little did they
suspect that they would soon change the face of project finance
with their decision.From humble beginnings, the Equator
Principles have indeed altered the project finance market. There
are now 27 financial institutions that have committed to using
the Equator Principles to manage environmental and social risk
in their project finance businesses. The Equator banks
represented about 75% of the project finance market in 2003.
What are the Equator Principles? They are a set of policies
and procedures for assessing, managing and monitoring
environmental and social risk in project finance lending.Rather
外文翻译范例
外文翻译范例
在全球化日益加深的今天，外文翻译的重要性愈发凸显。无论是学术研究、商务交流，还是文化传播，准确而流畅的外文翻译都起着至关重要的桥梁作用。下面为大家呈现几个不同领域的外文翻译范例，以帮助大家更好地理解和掌握外文翻译的技巧与要点。
一、科技文献翻译
原文：The development of artificial intelligence has brought about
revolutionary changes in various fields, such as healthcare, finance, and
transportation
译文：人工智能的发展给医疗保健、金融和交通运输等各个领域带来了革命性的变化。
在这个范例中，翻译准确地传达了原文的意思。“artificial
intelligence”被准确地翻译为“人工智能”，“revolutionary changes”翻译为“革命性的变化”，“various fields”翻译为“各个领域”，用词准确、贴切，符合科技文献严谨、客观的语言风格。
二、商务合同翻译
原文：This Agreement shall commence on the effective date and shall
continue in force for a period of five years, unless earlier terminated in
accordance with the provisions herein 译文：本协议自生效日起生效，并将持续有效五年，除非根据本协议的规定提前终止。
商务合同的翻译需要格外注重准确性和专业性。上述译文中，“commence”翻译为“生效”，“in force”翻译为“有效”，“terminated”翻译为“终止”，清晰准确地表达了合同条款的含义，避免了可能的歧义。
三、文学作品翻译
金融衍生品外文翻译--金融衍生品定价的精算风险措施
中文3715字
外 文 翻 译
Actuarial risk measures for financial
derivative pricing
金融衍生品定价的精算风险措施
翻译
学院 Actuarial risk measures for financial derivative pricing
I 目 录
1. 引言...................................................................... 1
2. 随机排序和Esscher转换 .................................................... 2
3. Esscher-Girsanov转换 ..................................................... 4
4. 金融衍生品定价的Esscher-Girsanov 转换 .................................... 6
Actuarial risk measures for financial derivative pricing
第 1 页 1. 引言
无论是直接或间接由一个公理来描述，风险措施的精算定价通常都是合理的。金融衍生产品定价通常依赖于无套利原则。本文建立了一个新的关系。
本文的关系基于历史悠久的Esscher转换。Esscher转换是十分有用的保险和金融产品的定价的工具。Buhlmann (1980)，在溢价原则的基础上指出Esscher变换是在一个一般均衡派生模型中，决策者必须服从负指数效用函数;Iwaki（2001）以多段设置延伸了该模型。 Gerber和Goovaerts（1981）建立了递增法的溢价原则其涉及到了Esscher的混合变换。
在金融环境，Gerber和Shiu（1994，1996）使用Esscher变换构造等价鞅措施为了L´evy过程（带独立和固定增量）。受此启发，Buhlmann（1996）更多在 一般条件下使用Esscher变换来构造等价鞅测度类半鞅。
外文翻译1日本,微笑着的银行服务
Japan: Bank Services With A Smile?
Japan's banks are focusing on a huge retail push -- a sign they're fit again
Pedestrians wandering into MTFG Plaza in Tokyo's hip Shibuya district could be forgiven for
thinking they are about to enter a chic boutique. The building was designed by an American
architect and features an ultramodern, snow-white exterior embedded with thin strips of
multicolored lights. But instead of designer brands, what's for sale is an array of home loans,
mutual funds, insurance, annuities, brokerage services, and plain old savings accounts. Just
ask at the concierge desk. The banking supermarket is one of the first signs of a new strategic
focus on retail customers by Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group Inc. (MTF ). Since the
remodeled branch reopened in December, it has kept its rank as the bank's busiest in Japan.
Financial-Risk-Management财务风险管理大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文
毕 业 设 计（论文）
外 文 文 献 翻 译
文献、资料中文题目：财务风险管理
文献、资料英文题目：Financial Risk Management
文献、资料来源：
文献、资料发表（出版）日期：
院 （部）：
专 业：
班 级：
姓 名：
学 号：
指导教师：
翻译日期： 2017.02.14
财务管理类本科毕业论文外文翻译
译文：[美]卡伦·A·霍契.《什么是财务风险管理？》.《财务风险管理要点》.约翰.威立国际出版公司,2005:P1-22.
财务风险管理
尽管近年来金融风险大大增加，但风险和风险管理不是当代的主要问题。全球市场越来越多的问题是，风险可能来自几千英里以外的与这些事件无关的国外市场。意味着需要的信息可以在瞬间得到，而其后的市场反应，很快就发生了。经济气候和市场可能会快速影响外汇汇率变化、利率及大宗商品价格，交易对手会迅速成为一个问题。因此，重要的一点是要确保金融风险是可以被识别并且管理得当的。准备是风险管理工作的一个关键组成部分。
什么是风险？
风险给机会提供了基础。风险和暴露的条款让它们在含义上有了细微的差别。风险是指有损失的可能性，而暴露是可能的损失，尽管他们通常可以互换。风险起因是由于暴露。
金融市场的暴露影响大多数机构，包括直接或间接的影响。当一个组织的金融市场暴露，有损失的可能性，但也是一个获利或利润的机会。金融市场的暴露可以提供战略性或竞争性的利益。
风险损失的可能性事件来自如市场价格的变化。事件发生的可能性很小，但这可能导致损失率很高，特别麻烦，因为他们往往比预想的要严重得多。换句话说，可能就是变异的风险回报。
由于它并不总是可能的，或者能满意地把风险消除，在决定如何管理它中了解它是很重要的一步。识别暴露和风险形式的基础需要相应的财务风险管理策略。
财务风险是如何产生的呢？
无数金融性质的交易包括销售和采购，投资和贷款，以及其他各种业务活动，产生了财务风险。它可以出现在合法的交易中，新项目中，兼并和收购中，债务融资中，能源部分的成本中，或通过管理的活动，利益相关者，竞争者，外国政府，或天气出现。当金融的价格变化很大，它可以增加成本，降低财政收入，或影响其他有不利影响的盈利能力的组织。金融波动可能使人们难以规划和预算商品和服务的价格，并分配资金。
外文翻译--采纳网上银行的影响因素
译文：
采纳网上银行的影响因素
银行与金融杂志
2010年3月 ，第34卷，第7期，1650-1663
摘要
在本文中，我们研究的决定因素，银行为他们的顾客决定采用交易的方式，美国商业银行2003-2006年期间的面板表明，银行的具体特点是银行的重要决定因素采纳决策，竞争也扮演着重要的角色。竞争的程度是有关的银行存款不同的市场和相对市场份额的地理重叠。特别是，银行采用网上银行服务在市场上的竞争对手已经采用了这种技术。本文的第一构建是当地的金融市场，利用地理市场定义分隔的。
JEL分类
O31;G21;L10;C41
关键词
时间模型；技术采用；网上银行；竞争
（一）介绍
互联网的到来不仅带动了新兴产业的发展，它的商业模式也改变了许多国家的传统模式，包括美国银行业。在1995年，安全第一网络银行是第一家互联网银行创建。大约在同一时间，富国银行（Wells Fargo）建立。然而，对于大多数的银行，网上存在的最初几年只是意味着创造一个静态的企业网站。银行很快就开始开发应用软件，第一次允许客户访问他们的帐户，后来他们在网上进行金融操作。到2003年年底，有一半以上在美国的商业银行提供的网上银行服务他们的客户。
本文分析了一个银行决定采用网上银行的决定因素。特别是，我们专注于本采用的战略考虑，主要是为了应对在同一市场的竞争对手通过的决定。我们发现，在市场上的竞争对手已经通过网上银行操作的银行往往采取网上银行的服务简易，他的影响后仍控制标准的措施在市场上的竞争程度和其他市场特性的具体措施，如大小，以及一家银行的财务健康状况的标准衡量，也是重要的决定因素。
有相当部分的文献，特别是在产业组织领域，采用新技术方面的最佳的公司。例如，奥斯特（1982）研究了氧气顶吹转炉炼钢的基本介绍。她做出了这个决定，因为技术驱动的，独立作出的决定后来论文引入了战略上的考虑，主要是通过使用一个简要统计的赫芬达尔指数，竞争的激烈程度。在银行业的战略组成部分，研究在麦克道尔（1987年）通过自动取款机（ATM）等， 还有2005年的信贷通过。