黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校高一历史下学期期中试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中阿城二中宾县三中尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试地理试题 含解析
呼兰一中阿城二中宾县三中尚志五中四校联考2018——2019学年度下学期期中考试高一试卷地理试题（满分：100分时间：90分钟）第Ⅰ卷（选择题共50分）一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每题2分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）读下图“1950-2000年世界各大洲或地区人口数量的增长图”，回答下面小题。
1. 在1950~2000年间人口自然增长率最高的是（）A. 亚洲B. 大洋洲C. 非洲D. 欧洲2. 目前发展中国家与发达国家相比( )A. 人口老龄化问题比发达国家严重B. 大多数发展中国家面临着高出生率、高死亡率的问题C. 大多数发展中国家面临着少年儿童比重大的问题D. 大多数发展中国家人口增长模式已经完成由传统型向现代型的转变【答案】1. C 2. C【解析】【1题详解】对比各洲2005年和1950年人口的数量，人口增长最快的应是非洲。
故选C 。
【2题详解】发达国家人口自然增长率低，人口老龄化问题严重；大多数发展中国家面临着高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率的问题；大多数发展中国家人口增长模式处在由传统型向现代型过渡阶段；而大多数发展中国家人口出生率高，少年儿童所占比重大。
故选Ｃ。
读下图，完成下面小题。
3. 若图中表示四个国家的人口出生率和人口死亡率，其中人口自然增长速度最快的国家是( )A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④4. 若图①②③④分别代表不同地区人口增长状况，下列对应正确的是( )A. 欧洲、亚洲、非洲、少数原始群落B. 欧洲、非洲、亚洲、少数原始群落C. 少数原始群落、非洲、亚洲、欧洲D. 少数原始群落、欧洲、非洲、亚洲【答案】3. C 4. A【解析】试题分析：【3题详解】若图中表示四个国家的人口出生率和人口死亡率，人口自然增长率等于人口出生率减去人口死亡率，差值越大，表示人口自然增长速度越快。
所以人口自然增长速度最快的国家是差值最大的国家，③对，C对。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018_2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题（命题人：考试日期：2019年5月15日）本试卷分第一卷和第二卷两部分，（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）第一卷 (选择题共70分)第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节: （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AThe OrchardI had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant. The food was lovely and service was quite good. We chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very relaxing. The only disappointment was the dessert (甜点) ---the apple pie was far too sweet and it was cold too. Apart from that it was an enjoyable evening. As for the price---what a bargain, excellent value for money!Park InnThe best thing about Park Inn was the service---it was excellent. There was a warm welcome when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening. However, the food wasn’t as good. The menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless.I t’s not a cheap restaurant and I was n’t happy to pay so much for boring food. Richard’s PlaceWhen we entered the restaurant, we were surprised by the lovely interior(内部的) design of it. So stylish, so modern! This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and it’s very easy to see why. The food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very, very poor service!The RiversideIt was lovely sitting outside and looking over the river. There were lots of little lanterns(灯笼) and colored lights everywhere and it all looked very pretty. The foodwas good, nothing very special but quite tasty. The service was OK; we didn’t have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy! I t’s quite an expensive place but with the view I think it’s quite good value for money.1.In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden?A. Park Inn.B. The Orchard.C. The Riverside.D. Richard’s Place.2.What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied?A. The foodB. The priceC. The serviceD. The environment3. In Richard’s Place, customers can___________.A. receive good serviceB. enjoy its modern designC. listen to wonderful musicD. enjoy the beauty of a riverBI started playing football when I was 7or 8 years old after my brothers had to agree to let her little sister join in their games. I’m from a very small town and at that time no other girls played football in my town. People said football wasn’t for women and my family shouldn’t let me play. They also said I wouldn’t make it, and that I wasn’t good enough.As s child, I did n’t really why people were so against me playing when I could play it well! I fought back by showing my talent on the streets.My greatest inspiration(激励) was my mother. We came from a poor family; my mom separated from my dad when I was less than a year old and she raised four children on her own. She worked all day, had little time to spend with us, but she never gave up. I found my strength from her to keep going.Every win is important for me, from the time when I was playing in amateur teams among the boys to the first win as part of the Brazilian national team, and now. I remember when I went back to my town in 2006 after winning the award(奖) for the best female player in the world. When I arrived, it was nearly midnight and the whole town was awake, waiting for me. I got into a fireman’s truck and people were waving. Thatachievement could happen because I hadn’t given up that first moment I heard a “no”.Sport changed my life completely. It gave me the opportunity(机会) to help my family, meet other people, see other countries and experience other cultures. Sport is a tool for empowering girls, because it gives you the opportunity to do what you want and learn to respect the differences between people.For me, it’s a great honor to be a UN Women Goodwill Ambassador(亲善大使). Today, I am here to use my story to inspire many more girls and women and to create opportunities so that next generation doesn’t have to go through what I did.4.What was the author’s family attitude towards her playing football at first?A. They were uncertain about it.B. They were supportive of it.C. They were strongly against it.D. They thought it must be painful.5. What happened to the author when she returned home in 2006?A. She learnt to say “no” for the firs time.B. She had little time to spend with her family.C. She got a chance to play for the national team.D. She was warmly welcomed by the whole town.6. Which of the following words can best describe the author?A. Creative.B. Humorous.C. Strong-willed.D. Self-centered.7. What does the author call on girls and women to do?A. Play football just like her.B. Try their best to see the outside world.C. Trust themselves and do what they want.D. Value the happy hours with their families.CA man who spent nine months sleeping on the streets has turned his life around--- and now delivers(运送) two tones of food to homeless people every week.Mark Harvey has set up City Harvest and collects unused food from restaurantsand supermarkets that is then given to those in need.The life as a business owner is a world away from Mark’s previous life, which saw his marriage break down after losing his job as a successful cameraman. The 51-year-old soon found himself homeless and was forced to sleep on the streets for nine months in 2006.Mark soon realized he didn’t have the strength to spend another cold night sleeping in the open---and he knew it was time to get help and rebuild his life.Soon after being helped into a hostel he was introduced to a man who ran a soup kitchen that collected food to make meals for the homeless. Mark is a good driver so he helped collect wasted food and redistribute(重新分配) it to the soup kitchen.When the service came to a stop8 years later, Mark had built the contacts he needed to run his own business. He said: “I was hiring a van and doing my own redistribution.I would ask some of the charities I dropped off at to make a small donation(捐款) as well to cover some of the costs.”Slowly, Mark’s Acton-based charity has grown from strength to strength and he now has a board of directors and a team of 21 volunteers(志愿者). The team collect food from Nando’s, Morrisons, Marks&Spencer, and even Gourmet Burger Kitchen, and then redistribute it to the Salvation Army, St Mungo’s, Ealing Soup Kitchen and many more charities, covering almost the whole of London.Now City Harvest is on a money-raising drive so they can employ another driver, and get food delivered to even more people.8. What was “Mark’s previous life” like?A. Successful.B. Peaceful.C. Busy.D. Hard.9. When did Mark start his own business?A. In 2006.B. In 2008.C. In 2014.D. In 2015.10. What ‘s the main work of City Harvest?A. Raising money for charities.B. Delivering food for restaurants.C. Collecting wasted food and giving it to charities.D. Making meals for the homeless with wasted food.11. What will City Harvest probably do in the near future?A. Form a board of directors.B. Increase the number of its members.C. Build up contacts with more large restaurants.D. Enlarge its service area to cover the whole of London.DEach nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled. They paint, clean up, or repair houses, do their shopping and mow their lawns(修整草坪).For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to basketball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.Such city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, museums or other places. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers. They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.12. What can you find volunteers doing in the United States according to the passage?A. Helping passengers get on a bus.B. Guiding visitors in the park.C. Helping old people in their daily life.D. Cleaning streets on weekends.13. How do volunteers usually help patients or the disabled?A. They do their shopping and other housework.B. They cook, sew or wash their clothes.C. They tell stories and sing and dance for them.D. They clean, wash and repair their cars.14. Why do most of the clubs use many high school or college students as volunteers?Because they ________.A. have more free time than othersB. can understand them more easilyC. know how to work with younger peopleD. are energetic to manage it15. What might be the best title of this passage?A. Please be happy with others.B. How to be a happiest man in the world.C. To help others is to help yourself.D. Give others a hand, and you’ll be happy.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018-2019学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市四校高一下学期期中考试生物试题(解析版)
2018-2019学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校高一下学期期中考试生物试题（解析版）一、单选题1.孟德尔遗传规律适于下列哪种生物（）A. 大肠杆菌B. 噬菌体C. 蓝藻D. 大豆【答案】D【解析】【分析】孟德尔遗传规律包括基因分离定律和基因自由组合定律，这两大定律都只适用于进行有性生殖的真核生物的核基因的遗传，不适用于原核生物和病毒，据此答题。
【详解】大肠杆菌属于原核生物，不遵循孟德尔遗传规律，A错误；噬菌体属于病毒，不遵循孟德尔遗传规律，B错误；蓝藻属于原核生物，不遵循孟德尔遗传规律，C错误；大豆是能进行有性生殖的真核生物，其核基因的遗传遵循孟德尔遗传定律，D正确；故选D。
2.有位同学做“性状分离比的模拟”实验时，以下操作正确的是 ( )A. 小桶内用球的大小代表显隐性，大球代表D，小球代表dB. 每次抓出的两个球统计后放在一边，全部抓完后再放回小桶重新开始C. 桶内两种球的数量必须相等，即标记D、d的小球数目必须为1∶1D. 连续抓取了3次DD组合，应舍去2次，只统计1次【答案】C【解析】【分析】考点是性状分离比模拟实验，考查模拟实验和一对相对性状的遗传实验的内在联系和实验的注意事项及其原因。
【详解】为了保证抓取的随机性，小桶内所用球的大小应该保持一致， A错误.为了保证桶内两种球的数量始终相等，每次抓出的两个球统计后再放回小桶，再抓取下一次，B错误.杂合子产生的两种类型的配子数量相等，所以模拟实验时，桶内两种球的数量必须相等，即标记D、d的小球数目必须为1∶1， C正确.抓取的次数少时有偶然性，连续抓取了3次DD组合，不应舍去，实验继续，抓取总数多就可以，D错误. 【点睛】注意事项：抓取小球要保证随机性；抓取的小球统计后立即放回原桶中；如实记录；抓取次数要多。
3.若基因型AaBbCCDDee与AABbCcDDEe的植株杂交(五对基因独立遗传)，在子代中纯合子的比例应是多少( )A. 1/4B. 1/8C. l/16D. 1/32【答案】C【解析】Aa与AA产生纯合子概率是1/2，Bb与Bb产生纯合子概率是1/2，CC与Cc产生纯合子概率是1/2，ee和Ee产生纯合子概率是1/2，所以遗传因子组成AaBbCCDDee与AABbCcDDEe交配，在子代中，纯合子的比例是1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2=1/16。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018_2019学年高二数学下学期期中试题理)
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高二数学下学期期中试题 理（含解析）一、选择题：（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分） 1.复数31ii++等于 ( ) A. 12i + B. 12i -C. 2i +D. 2i -【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】根据复数的除法运算得到结果. 【详解】()()()()313+i 421112i i ii i i +--==++-＝2－i. 故选D.【点睛】这个题目考查了复数的除法运算，复数常考的还有几何意义，z ＝a ＋bi(a ，b∈R)与复平面上的点Z(a ，b)、平面向量OZ 都可建立一一对应的关系(其中O 是坐标原点)；复平面内，实轴上的点都表示实数；虚轴上的点除原点外都表示纯虚数．涉及到共轭复数的概念，一般地，当两个复数的实部相等，虚部互为相反数时，这两个复数叫做互为共轭复数，复数z 的共轭复数记作z ．2.曲线11x y x +=-在点(0,1)-处的切线方程为（ ） A. 21y x =--B. 21y x =-C. 21y x =-+D.21y x =+【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】求出函数的导数，求得切线的斜率，利用点斜式可得切线的方程，得到结果. 【详解】由11x y x +=-可得221(1)2'(1)(1)x x y x x --+==---，所以0'|2x y ==-， 所以曲线11x y x +=-在点(0,1)-处的切线方程为：21y x =--， 故选A.【点睛】该题考查的是有关求曲线在某点处的切线方程的问题，涉及到的知识点有导数的几何意义，直线的方程，属于简单题目.3.函数()(3)xf x x e =-的单调递增区间是( ) A. (,2)-∞ B. (0,3) C. (1,4) D. (2,)+∞【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】由题意可得()()'2x f x ex =-，求解不等式()'0f x >即可确定函数的单调递增区间.【详解】由函数的解析式可得：()()()'32xxxf x e x e e x =+-=-,求解不等式()'0f x >可得：2x >，故函数()()3xf x x e =-的单调递增区间是()2,+∞.本题选择D 选项.【点睛】本题主要考查导函数求解函数单调性的方法等知识，意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力. 4.计算()122x x dx -⎰的结果为（ ）A. 0B. 1C.23D.53【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】求出被积函数的原函数，然后分别代入积分上限和积分下限后作差得答案.【详解】122312300112(2)()|11333x x dx x x -=-=-⨯=⎰， 故选C.【点睛】该题考查的是有关定积分的运算求解问题，属于简单题目.5.用数学归纳法证明不等式111131224n n n n +++>+++的过程中，由n k =到1n k =+时，不等式左边的变化情况为（ ） A. 增加()121k +B. 增加 ()112121k k +++ C. 增加()112121k k +++，减少11k + D. 增加12(1)k +，减少11k +【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 首先观察不等式111131224n n n n +++>+++左边的各项，它们以11n +开始，到12n 结束，共n 项，当由n k =到1n k =+时，项数也由k 项变到1k +项，前边少了一项，后面多了两项，分析四个选项，即可得出结果. 【详解】当n k =时，左边11112k k k k=++++++， 当1n k =+时，左边111(1)1(1)2(1)(1)k k k k =++++++++++，111111()1212122k k k k k k k =+++-++++++++， 故选C.【点睛】该题考查的是有关数学归纳法的问题，涉及到的知识点有应用数学归纳法证明问题时，将n k =向1n k =+推导过程中，式子的变化情况，属于易错题目.6.若i 是虚数单位，复数z 满足()11i z -=，则23z -=（ ）【答案】B【解析】试题分析：由已知，1112i z i +==-，2313z i -=+-==.故选B.考点： 1、复数的运算；2、复数的摸的求法.7.甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学一起去向老师询问成语竞赛的成绩．老师说：你们四人中有2位优秀，2位良好，我现在给甲看乙、丙的成绩，给乙看丙的成绩，给丁看甲的成绩．看后甲对大家说：我还是不知道我的成绩．根据以上信息，则（ ） A. 乙可以知道四人的成绩 B. 丁可以知道四人的成绩 C. 乙、丁可以知道对方的成绩 D. 乙、丁可以知道自己的成绩【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】根据四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话，继而可以推出正确答案 【详解】解：四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话， 甲不知自己的成绩→乙丙必有一优一良，（若为两优，甲会知道自己的成绩；若是两良，甲也会知道自己的成绩）→乙看到了丙的成绩，知自己的成绩→丁看到甲、丁也为一优一良，丁知自己的成绩，给甲看乙丙成绩，甲不知道自已的成绩，说明乙丙一优一良，假定乙丙都是优，则甲是良，假定乙丙都是良，则甲是优，那么甲就知道自已的成绩了．给乙看丙成绩，乙没有说不知道自已的成绩，假定丙是优，则乙是良，乙就知道自己成绩．给丁看甲成绩，因为甲不知道自己成绩，乙丙是一优一良，则甲丁也是一优一良，丁看到甲成绩，假定甲是优，则丁是良，丁肯定知道自已的成绩了 故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查了合情推理的问题，关键掌握四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话，属于中档题．8.设函数()f x 在R 上可导，导函数为(),(1)()f x y x f x ''=-图像如图所示，则 ( )A. ()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(1)fB. ()f x 有极大值(2)f -，极小值(1)fC. ()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(2)f -D. ()f x 有极大值(2)f -，极小值(2)f【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】通过图象判断导函数的正负情况对应的x 的范围，利用导数符号与单调性的关系及函数极值的定义可得结论.【详解】当1x <时，10x -<，当1x >时，10x ->， 由图可知：当2x <-时，0,10y x >-<，'()0f x <，函数()f x 是减函数， 当21x -<<时，0,10y x <-<，'()0f x >，函数()f x 是增函数， 当12x <<时，0,10y x >->，'()0f x >，函数()f x 是增函数， 当2x >时，0,10y x <->，'()0f x <，函数()f x 是减函数， 并且有当2x =或2-时，有'()0f x =，所以2-是函数()f x 的极小值点，2是函数()f x 的极大值点， 所以()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(2)f -，故选C. 【点睛】该题考查的是有关根据图象判断函数的极大值与极小值的问题，涉及到的知识点有函数的极值与导数的关系，属于简单题目.9.若1()nx x+展开式中只有第6项的系数最大，则常数项是（ ） A. 第5项 B. 第6项 C. 第7项 D. 第8项【答案】B【解析】 【分析】由条件求得10n =，在其展开式的通项公式中，令x 的幂指数等于0，求得r 的值，可得常数项，求得结果.【详解】若1()nx x+展开式中只有第6项的系数最大，则10n =，它的展开式的通项公式为：102110r rr T C x -+=，令1020r -=，解得=5r ， 所以常数项是第6项， 故选B.【点睛】该题考查的是有关二项式定理的问题，涉及到的知识点有二项展开式中二项式系数最大项，二项展开式的通项，属于简单题目.10.从6人中选派4人承担甲，乙，丙三项工作，每项工作至少有一人承担，则不同的选派方法的个数为 （ ） A. 1080 B. 540 C. 180 D. 90【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】先从6人中选派4人，再将选取的4人分成三组，分别从事甲、乙、丙三项工作，进而可得不同的选派方法的种数.【详解】先从6人中选派4人，共有46C 种方法，再将选取的4个人分成三组共有11221422C C C A ⨯⨯种方法， 再将三组分配从事甲、乙、丙三项工作共有33A 种方法，所以不同的选派方法共有11423216435402C C C C A ⨯⨯⨯⨯=种，故选B.【点睛】该题考查的是有关排列组合的综合题，对应的解题思路是先选后排，属于中档题目.11.若不等式22ln 3x x x ax ≥-+-对()0,x ∈+∞恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A. (],4-∞B. [)4,+∞ C. (),4-∞-D.()4,-+∞【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】由已知条件推导出32ln a x x x ≤++，令32ln y x x x=++利用导数性质求出1x =时，y 取得最小值4，由此能求出实数a 的取值范围.【详解】因为22ln 3x x x ax ≥-+-对()0,x ∈+∞恒成立， 所以32ln a x x x≤++，0x >， 令32ln y x x x=++， 则22222323(3)(1)'1x x x x y x x x x+-+-=+-==， 所以当(0,1)x ∈时，'0y <，函数单调减， 当(1,)x ∈+∞时，'0y >，函数单调增， 所以当1x =时，min 1034y =++=， 所以实数a 的取值范围是(],4-∞， 故选A.【点睛】该题考查的是有关不等式恒成立求参数的取值范围的问题，涉及到的知识点有恒成立问题向最值靠拢，利用导数研究函数的最值，属于简单题目.12.设函数'()f x 是奇函数()f x （x R ∈）的导函数，(1)0f -=，当0x >时，'()()0xf x f x -<，则使得()0f x >成立的x 的取值范围是（ ）A. (,1)(0,1)-∞- B. (1,0)(1,)-⋃+∞C. (,1)(1,0)-∞-⋃-D. (0,1)(1,)⋃+∞【答案】A 【解析】 构造新函数()()f x g x x=,()()()()2'f x xf x f x g x xx-=='，当0x >时()'0g x <.所以在()0,+∞上()()f x g x x=单减，又()10f =，即()10g =.所以()()0f x g x x=>可得01x <<,此时()0f x >，又()f x 为偶函数，所以()0f x >在()(),00,-∞⋃+∞上的解集为：()()1,00,1⋃.故选B.点睛：本题主要考查利用导数研究函数的单调性，需要构造函数，例如()()xf x f x '-，想到构造()()f x g x x=.一般：（1）条件含有()()f x f x +'，就构造()()xg x e f x =,（2）若()()f x f x -'，就构造()()x f x g x e =，（3）()()2f x f x +'，就构造()()2xg x e f x =，（4）()()2f x f x -'就构造()()2xf xg x e=，等便于给出导数时联想构造函数.二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分. 13.函数()()21f x x x=-在[]0,1上极值为________________。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018_2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题（命题人：考试日期：2019年5月15日）本试卷分第一卷和第二卷两部分，（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）第一卷 (选择题共70分)第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节: （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AThe OrchardI had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant. The food was lovely and service was quite good. We chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very relaxing. The only disappointment was the dessert (甜点) ---the apple pie was far too sweet and it was cold too. Apart from that it was an enjoyable evening. As for the price---what a bargain, excellent value for money!Park InnThe best thing about Park Inn was the service---it was excellent. There was a warm welcome when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening. However, the food wasn’t as good. The menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless. It’s not a cheap restaurant and I wasn’t happy to pay so much for boring food. Richard’s PlaceWhen we entered the restaurant, we were surprised by the lovely interior(内部的) design of it. So stylish, so modern! This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and it’ s very easy to see why. The food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very, very poor service!The RiversideIt was lovely sitting outside and looking over the river. There were lots of little lanterns(灯笼) and colored lights everywhere and it all looked very pretty. The foodwas good, nothing very special but quite tasty. The service was OK; we didn’t have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy! It’s quite an expensive place but with the view I think it’s quite good value for money.1.In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden?A. Park Inn.B. The Orchard.C. The Riverside.D. Richard’s Place.2.What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied?A. The foodB. The priceC. The serviceD. The environment3. In Richard’s Place, customers can___________.A. receive good serviceB. enjoy its modern designC. listen to wonderful musicD. enjoy the beauty of a riverBI started playing football when I was 7or 8 years old after my brothers had to agree to let her little sister join in their games. I’m from a very small town and at that time no other girls played football in my town. People said football wasn’t for women and my family shouldn’t let me play. They also said I wouldn’t make it, and that I wasn’t good enough.As s child, I didn’t really why people were so against me playing when I could play it well! I fought back by showing my talent on the streets.My greatest inspiration(激励) was my mother. We came from a poor family; my mom separated from my dad when I was less than a year old and she raised four children on her own. She worked all day, had little time to spend with us, but she never gave up. I found my strength from her to keep going.Every win is important for me, from the time when I was playing in amateur teams among the boys to the first win as part of the Brazilian national team, and now. I remember when I went back to my town in 2006 after winning the award(奖) for the best female player in the world. When I arrived, it was nearly midnight and the whole town was awake, waiting for me. I got into a fireman’s truck and people were waving. Thatachievement could happen because I hadn’t given up that first moment I heard a “no”.Sport changed my life completely. It gave me the opportunity(机会) to help my family, meet other people, see other countries and experience other cultures. Sport is a tool for empowering girls, because it gives you the opportunity to do what you want and learn to respect the differences between people.For me, it’s a great honor to be a UN Women Goodwill Ambassador(亲善大使). Today, I am here to use my story to inspire many more girls and women and to create opportunities so that next generation doesn’t have to go through what I did.4.What was the author’s family attitude towards her playing football at first?A. They were uncertain about it.B. They were supportive of it.C. They were strongly against it.D. They thought it must be painful.5. What happened to the author when she returned home in 2006?A. She learnt to say “no” for the firs time.B. She had little time to spend with her family.C. She got a chance to play for the national team.D. She was warmly welcomed by the whole town.6. Which of the following words can best describe the author?A. Creative.B. Humorous.C. Strong-willed.D. Self-centered.7. What does the author call on girls and women to do?A. Play football just like her.B. Try their best to see the outside world.C. Trust themselves and do what they want.D. Value the happy hours with their families.CA man who spent nine months sleeping on the streets has turned his life around--- and now delivers(运送) two tones of food to homeless people every week.Mark Harvey has set up City Harvest and collects unused food from restaurantsand supermarkets that is then given to those in need.The life as a business owner is a world away from Mark’s previous life, which saw his marriage break down after losing his job as a successful cameraman. The 51-year-old soon found himself homeless and was forced to sleep on the streets for nine months in 2006.Mark soon realized he didn’t have the strength to spend another cold night sleeping in the open---and he knew it was time to get help and rebuild his life.Soon after being helped into a hostel he was introduced to a man who ran a soup kitchen that collected food to make meals for the homeless. Mark is a good driver so he helped collect wasted food and redistribute(重新分配) it to the soup kitchen.When the service came to a stop8 years later, Mark had built the contacts he needed to run his own business. He said: “I was hiring a van and doing my own redistribution.I would ask some of the charities I dropped off at to make a small donation(捐款) as well to cover some of the costs.”Slowly, Mark’s Acton-based charity has grown from strength to strength and he now has a board of directors and a team of 21 volunteers(志愿者). The team collect food from Nando’s, Morrisons, Marks&Spencer, and even Gourmet Burger Kitchen, and then redistribute it to the Salvation Army, St Mungo’s, Ealing Soup Kitchen and many more charities, covering almost the whole of London.Now City Harvest is on a money-raising drive so they can employ another driver, and get food delivered to even more people.8. What was “Mark’s previous life” like?A. Successful.B. Peaceful.C. Busy.D. Hard.9. When did Mark start his own business?A. In 2006.B. In 2008.C. In 2014.D. In 2015.10. What ‘s the main work of City Harvest?A. Raising money for charities.B. Delivering food for restaurants.C. Collecting wasted food and giving it to charities.D. Making meals for the homeless with wasted food.11. What will City Harvest probably do in the near future?A. Form a board of directors.B. Increase the number of its members.C. Build up contacts with more large restaurants.D. Enlarge its service area to cover the whole of London.DEach nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled. They paint, clean up, or repair houses, do their shopping and mow their lawns(修整草坪).For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to basketball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.Such city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, museums or other places. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers. They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.12. What can you find volunteers doing in the United States according to the passage?A. Helping passengers get on a bus.B. Guiding visitors in the park.C. Helping old people in their daily life.D. Cleaning streets on weekends.13. How do volunteers usually help patients or the disabled?A. They do their shopping and other housework.B. They cook, sew or wash their clothes.。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2019学年高二下学期期中考试数学(理)试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高二下学期期中考试数学（理）试题一、选择题 本大题共12道小题。
1.从6人中选派4人承担甲，乙，丙三项工作，每项工作至少有一人承担，则不同的选派方法的个数为 （ ） A. 1080B. 540C. 180D. 90答案及解析：1.B 【分析】先从6人中选派4人，再将选取的4人分成三组，分别从事甲、乙、丙三项工作，进而可得不同的选派方法的种数.【详解】先从6人中选派4人，共有46C 种方法， 再将选取的4个人分成三组共有11221422C C C A ⨯⨯种方法，再将三组分配从事甲、乙、丙三项工作共有33A 种方法， 所以不同的选派方法共有11423216435402C C C C A ⨯⨯⨯⨯=种，故选B.【点睛】该题考查的是有关排列组合的综合题，对应的解题思路是先选后排，属于中档题目. 2. 复数31i i++等于 ( )答案第2页，总17页A. 12i +B. 12i -C. 2i +D. 2i -答案及解析：2.D 【分析】根据复数的除法运算得到结果. 【详解】()()()()313+i 421112i i i ii i +--==++-＝2－i.故选D.【点睛】这个题目考查了复数除法运算，复数常考的还有几何意义，z ＝a ＋bi(a ，b ∈R)与复平面上的点Z(a ，b)、平面向量O Z uuu r都可建立一一对应的关系(其中O 是坐标原点)；复平面内，实轴上的点都表示实数；虚轴上的点除原点外都表示纯虚数．涉及到共轭复数的概念，一般地，当两个复数的实部相等，虚部互为相反数时，这两个复数叫做互为共轭复数，复数z 的共轭复数记作z ． 3.计算()122x xdx -⎰的结果为（ ）A. 0B. 1C.23D.53答案及解析：3.C 【分析】求出被积函数的原函数，然后分别代入积分上限和积分下限后作差得答案. 【详解】122312300112(2)()|11333x x dx x x -=-=-⨯=⎰，故选C.【点睛】该题考查的是有关定积分的运算求解问题，属于简单题目. 4.设函数()f x 在R 上可导，导函数为(),(1)()f x y x f x ''=-图像如图所示，则 ( )○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………A. ()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(1)f B. ()f x 有极大值(2)f -，极小值(1)f C.()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(2)f -D.()f x 有极大值(2)f -，极小值(2)f答案及解析：4.C 【分析】通过图象判断导函数的正负情况对应的x 的范围，利用导数符号与单调性的关系及函数极值的定义可得结论.【详解】当1x <时，10x -<，当1x >时，10x ->， 由图可知：当2x <-时，0,10y x >-<，'()0f x <，函数()f x 是减函数，当21x -<<时，0,10y x <-<，'()0f x >，函数()f x 是增函数，当12x <<时，0,10y x >->，'()0f x >，函数()f x 是增函数，当2x >时，0,10y x <->，'()0f x <，函数()f x 是减函数，并且有当2x =或2-时，有'()0f x =， 所以2-是函数()f x 的极小值点，2是函数()f x 的极大值点，所以()f x 有极大值(2)f ，极小值(2)f -，故选C.【点睛】该题考查的是有关根据图象判断函数的极大值与极小值的问题，涉及到的知识点有函数的极值与导数的关系，属于简单题目. 5. 曲线11x y x +=-在点(0,－1)处的切线方程为（ ）A. 21y x =--B. 21y x =-C. 21y x =-+D. 21y x =+答案第4页，总17页5.A 【分析】求出函数的导数，求得切线的斜率，利用点斜式可得切线的方程，得到结果. 【详解】由11x y x +=-可得221(1)2'(1)(1)x x y x x --+==---，所以0'|2x y ==-， 所以曲线11x y x +=-在点(0,1)-处的切线方程为：21y x =--，故选A.【点睛】该题考查的是有关求曲线在某点处的切线方程的问题，涉及到的知识点有导数的几何意义，直线的方程，属于简单题目. 6.甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学一起去向老师询问成语竞赛的成绩．老师说：你们四人中有2位优秀，2位良好，我现在给甲看乙、丙的成绩，给乙看丙的成绩，给丁看甲的成绩．看后甲对大家说：我还是不知道我的成绩．根据以上信息，则（ ） A. 乙可以知道四人的成绩 B. 丁可以知道四人的成绩 C. 乙、丁可以知道对方的成绩D. 乙、丁可以知道自己的成绩答案及解析：6.D 【分析】根据四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话，继而可以推出正确答案 【详解】解：四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话， 甲不知自己的成绩→乙丙必有一优一良，（若为两优，甲会知道自己的成绩；若是两良，甲也会知道自己的成绩） →乙看到了丙的成绩，知自己的成绩→丁看到甲、丁也为一优一良，丁知自己的成绩，给甲看乙丙成绩，甲不知道自已的成绩，说明乙丙一优一良，假定乙丙都是优，则甲是良，假定乙丙都是良，则甲是优，那么甲就知道自已的成绩了．给乙看丙成绩，乙没有说不知道自已的成绩，假定丙是优，则乙是良，乙就知道自己成绩．给丁看甲成绩，因为甲不知道自己成绩，乙丙是一优一良，则甲丁也是一优一良，丁看到甲成绩，假定甲是优，则丁是良，丁肯定知道自已的成绩了 故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查了合情推理的问题，关键掌握四人所知只有自己看到，老师所说及最后甲说话，属于中档题． 7.函数()(3)x f x x e =-的单调递增区间是( ) A. (－∞,2)B. (0,3)C. (1,4)D. (2,+∞)答案及解析：7.D 【分析】由题意可得()()'2xf x ex =-，求解不等式()'0f x >即可确定函数的单调递增区间.【详解】由函数的解析式可得：()()()'32xxxf x e x e e x =+-=-,求解不等式()'0f x >可得：2x >，故函数()()3xf x x e =-的单调递增区间是()2,+∞. 本题选择D 选项.【点睛】本题主要考查导函数求解函数单调性的方法等知识，意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力. 8.设函数'()f x 是奇函数()f x （x R ∈）的导函数，(1)0f -=，当0x >时，'()()0xf x f x -<，则使得()0f x >成立的x 的取值范围是（ ） A. (－∞,－1)∪(0,1) B. (－1,0)∪(1,+∞) C. (－∞,－1)∪(－1,0)D. (0,1)∪(1,+∞)答案及解析：8.A构造新函数()()fx g x x=,()()()()2'fx xf x fx g x xx-=='，当0x >时()'0g x <.所以在()0,+∞上()()fx g x x=单减，又()10f =，即()10g =.答案第6页，总17页所以()()0fx g x x=>可得01x <<,此时()0fx >，又()f x 为偶函数，所以()0f x >在()(),00,-∞⋃+∞上的解集为：()()1,00,1⋃.故选B.点睛：本题主要考查利用导数研究函数的单调性，需要构造函数，例如()()xf x f x '-，想到构造()()fx g x x =.一般：（1）条件含有()()f x f x +'，就构造()()xg x e f x =,（2）若()()f x f x -'，就构造()()xfx g x e=，（3）()()2f x f x +'，就构造()()2xg x e f x =，（4）()()2f x f x -'就构造()()2xf xg x e=，等便于给出导数时联想构造函数.9. 若1()nx x+展开式中只有第6项的系数最大，则常数项是（ ）A. 第5项B. 第6项C. 第7项D. 第8项答案及解析：9.B 【分析】由条件求得10n =，在其展开式的通项公式中，令x 的幂指数等于0，求得r 的值，可得常数项，求得结果.【详解】若1()nx x+展开式中只有第6项的系数最大，则10n =，它的展开式的通项公式为：102110r rr T C x -+=，令1020r -=，解得=5r ， 所以常数项是第6项， 故选B.【点睛】该题考查的是有关二项式定理的问题，涉及到的知识点有二项展开式中二项式系数最大项，二项展开式的通项，属于简单题目. 10.用数学归纳法证明不等式111131224n n n n+++>+++L 的过程中，由n k =到1n k =+时，不等式左边的变化情况为（ ） A. 增加()121k + B. 增加()112121k k +++C. 增加()112121k k +++，减少11k + D. 增加12(1)k +，减少11k +答案及解析：10.C 【分析】 首先观察不等式111131224n n n n+++>+++L 左边的各项，它们以11n +开始，到12n结束，共n 项，当由n k =到1n k =+时，项数也由k 项变到1k +项，前边少了一项，后面多了两项，分析四个选项，即可得出结果.【详解】当n k =时，左边11112k k k k=++++++L ，当1n k =+时，左边111(1)1(1)2(1)(1)k k k k =++++++++++L ，111111()1212122k k k kk k k L =+++-++++++++，故选C.【点睛】该题考查的是有关数学归纳法的问题，涉及到的知识点有应用数学归纳法证明问题时，将n k =向1n k =+推导过程中，式子的变化情况，属于易错题目. 11.若i 是虚数单位，复数z 满足()11i z -=，则23z -=（ ） A.B.C.D. 答案及解析：11.B试题分析：由已知，1112i z i+==-，2313z i -=+-==.故选B.考点： 1、复数的运算；2、复数的摸的求法. 12.答案第8页，总17页若不等式22ln 3x x x ax ≥-+-对()0,x ∈+∞恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A. (－∞,4]B. [4,+∞)C. (－∞,－4)D. (－4,+∞)答案及解析：12.A 【分析】由已知条件推导出32ln a x x x≤++，令32ln y x x x=++利用导数性质求出1x =时，y 取得最小值4，由此能求出实数a 的取值范围.【详解】因为22ln 3x x x ax ≥-+-对()0,x ∈+∞恒成立， 所以32ln a x x x≤++，0x >，令32ln y x x x =++，则22222323(3)(1)'1x x x x y xxxx+-+-=+-==，所以当(0,1)x ∈时，'0y <，函数单调减， 当(1,)x ∈+∞时，'0y >，函数单调增， 所以当1x =时，m in 1034y =++=， 所以实数a 的取值范围是(],4-∞， 故选A.【点睛】该题考查的是有关不等式恒成立求参数的取值范围的问题，涉及到的知识点有恒成立问题向最值靠拢，利用导数研究函数的最值，属于简单题目. 一、填空题 本大题共4道小题。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市四校(呼兰一中,阿城二中,宾县三中,尚志五中)高一英语上学期期中联考试题
“四校联考”2016-2017学年度上学期期中考试高一英语试题试题说明：本试卷分为三部分：一）听力测试（30分）二）阅读理解（40分）三）英语知识运用（80分）答题时间（2小时）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why doesn’t John go to school today?A. It’s the weekend.B. He’s too tired for school.C. His school is closed down.2. What will the man do tomorrow morning?A. Give Frank a bath.B. Cook Frank a meal.C. Take Frank to a vet.3. What is the male speaker?A. A student.B. A president（校长）.C. A professor（教授）.4. What does the man mean?A. The door is unlocked.B. He is not the one to blame（责备）C. Somebody has just left the lab.5. On which floor is the woman’s apartment?A. The second.B. The fourth.C. The sixth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2023年黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校生物高一第一学期期末复习检测试题
2023年黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校生物高一第一学期期末复习检测试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。
)1．提出生物膜流动镶嵌模型的科学家是A．罗伯特森B．桑格和尼克森C．施旺和施莱登D．欧文顿2．图1表示物质扩散的图解,图2是设计证明图1物质扩散成立的实验装置。
下列有关叙述正确的是( )A．图甲中水柱将持续上升B．图甲中水柱将先上升后下降C．图乙中水柱上升到一定高度后维持不变D．图乙中水柱将先上升后下降3．如图是淀粉酶催化淀粉水解的相关曲线。
下列叙述正确的是A．若增加底物浓度，则曲线可由c→bB．若该图为不同酶浓度条件下的水解曲线，则增加酶浓度，曲线可由b→aC．若该图为在不同pH条件下的水解曲线，则a对应的pH一定高于bD．若该图为在不同温度条件下的水解曲线，则c对应的反应温度低于a4．关于蛋白质的叙述错误的是A．细胞内大多数酶都是蛋白质B．有些蛋白质具有运输载体的功能C．有些蛋白质有免疫功能D．有些蛋白质起信息传递的作用，如血红蛋白5．抗体是免疫细胞分泌的免疫球蛋白，结构如下图所示，“- S - S -”为连接肽链的化学键。
下列有关抗体的叙述正确的是A．氨基酸之间均通过肽键连接B．至少含有4个游离羧基C．“- S - S -”断裂不影响抗体的功能D．“- S - S -”的形成在核糖体上进行6．下图为ATP的结构模式图，下列叙述错误的是A．ATP中含有C、H、0、N、P五种元素B．b和c表示高能磷酸键C．c比b更容易断裂D．ATP中的a代表腺嘌呤7．下列生理活动与蛋白质功能无关的是（）A．氨基酸进入肝细胞B．红细胞在清水中吸水膨胀C．葡萄糖在细胞内氧化分解D．胰岛素和细胞膜上的受体结合8．（10分）某60肽中有4个丙氨酸（相应位置如图），现脱掉其中丙氨酸，得到4条多肽链和5个氨基酸，其中脱下的氨基酸均以游离态存在。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高一历史下学期期中试题一、单选题（每小题2分，30小题，共60分）1．黄河是我国农业文明的摇篮，孕育了灿烂的大河文明，但它也是多灾多难的河流。
秦汉时黄河称为河水，宋代即被称为黄河。
这一名称变化客观反映了A．长期垦殖及战乱，严重破坏了黄河流域的生态环境B．中华民族被称为炎黄子孙，长期的民族融合使各族人民民族认同感增强C．封建统治者为显示君权神圣，命名以黄河，凸显出君主专制的加强D．随着南方的开发，人们为区别不同河流而将其改称2．下表反映的是两汉到清中叶中国人均耕地（市亩）和亩产量（市斤）的变化情况。
表中亩产量持续增长的主要原因是A．农业生产工具的持续创新 B．农业高产作物的大批引进C．精耕细作生产的不断完善 D．土地开垦量的大幅度增长3．汉代丝绸之路起自长安，经河西走廊与西域地区进行经贸往来；唐安史之乱后，陆上丝绸之路因战乱时断时续；南宋时期，广州、泉州、明州（今宁波）、杭州等地的海上对外贸易走向兴盛。
这种变化趋势反映了A．东南沿海文化影响力上升 B．古代中国经济重心的南移C．统治者对外政策渐趋开放 D．造船航海技术的不断提高4．造成古代中国封建社会出现“有力者无田可耕，有田者无力可耕”现象的根本原因是：A．贵族、官僚及豪强霸占良田 B．封建土地制度的存在C．政府采取不抑兼并的政策 D．地权和劳动者的分离5．汉唐制定土地法规，限制私有大土地的发展，宋代一改此法，“不抑兼并”。
据此可知宋代（）A.中央集权弱化B.流民问题严重C.土地兼并缓和D.自耕小农衰退6．下图是《清明上河图》（局部），刻画了北宋京师汴梁规模最大的酒楼“正店”，门前人头攒动，生意兴隆。
这反映了当时A．社会上奢靡之风盛行 B．商业宣传开始出现C．政府放松了市场管理 D．商业经济较为繁荣7．历史学者王家范评论说：“它对市场经济的破坏作用是双重的，即把皇室官僚乃至政府工程所需产品排斥于市场之外，依靠直接劳役实行自给，同时也使民生日用商品带有浓厚的政治财政色彩，成为一种假性商品经济。
”这里的“它”指的是A．民营手工业 B．官营手工业C．家庭手工业 D．个体手工业8．关于中国古代官营手工业生产说法不正确的是A．历史悠久政府经营 B．产品精美享誉世界C．其产品是不计成本的 D．清代出现资本主义萌芽9．麻曾是中国古人重要的纺织原料，很多成语都提到了麻，例如：披麻救火、快刀斩乱麻、皂丝麻线和心乱如麻等，但是到了明代，民间麻的种植量大大减少，其主要原因是A．更加舒适廉价的棉纺织品的冲击 B．来自西方工业化生产的冲击C．官营手工业对民间手工业的冲击 D．丝织业快速发展带来的冲击10．宋代保护所有权和调整所有权关系的法律超过了以往任何朝代，维护债权人利益．调整债权人与债务人权利和义务的法律，保证债务履行的担保法，都远远详于前代。
造成宋朝出现以上法律现象的主要原因是A．中央解决财政困局的需要 B．商品经济的复杂化C．土地所有权的转移速度加快 D．各民族经济关系的多样化11．中国瓷器名扬海内外，在《欧洲瓷器史》第一章提到（明清时期，欧洲）“银器、精陶和其他器皿，被送到中国作为瓷器模型之用，以致中国提供到欧洲市场上的瓷器也包括了地道的欧洲风格的器皿”。
这段材料主要说明（）A．中国传统手工业发展受世界市场影响 B．明清官窑瓷器大量投放市场C．政府对官瓷的工艺水平要求越来越高 D．欧洲普遍采用中国的制瓷技艺12．据《苏州府风俗考》记载：明朝苏州“郡城之东，旨习机业。
……匠有常主，计日受值……无主者黎明立桥以待……若机房工作减，此辈衣食无所矣。
”材料不能反映当时A．存在失业现象 B．出现劳动力市场C．实行计时工资 D．工匠技术水平高13．下图为《清俗纪闻》描绘的乾隆六十年（1795年）官府颁发的执照，反映了浙江地方政府对日贸易中商船管理的一般情况。
图中省略的部分文云：“如敢私行顶替，及夹带违禁（物）……将该船户舵水一并拏送，以凭严究，解宪治罪，毋违。
”图文信息可以佐证乾隆年间A．严格防范倭寇侵扰沿海 B．只开广州一处对外通商C．限制外国商人来华贸易 D．禁止国人私自出海贸易14．当哥伦布伟大发现的消息传到威尼斯时，当地出现了极度的恐慌，证券、债券下跌了40%到50%。
出现这种现象的主要原因是A．金银价值下降导致物价波动 B．地中海的商路中心地位即将丧失C．西班牙的殖民活动向印度拓展 D．世界金融中心从欧洲向亚洲转移15．16世纪最后几十年，对于一名西班牙人来说，似乎现在一磅羊肉的价格在以前几乎能买到一只羊。
而在英格兰1500-1600年间，小麦价格上涨了425%，法国涨了650%，波兰则是400%。
这种现象导致A．黄金、白银大量流入欧洲 B．大西洋沿岸成为商路中心C．封建领主的财富急剧增加 D．工商业者的经济实力增强16．科技史专家丹皮尔认为，以前的发明主要是“实际生活的需要推动技术家取得进一步的成就”。
后来“为了追求纯粹的知识”而进行的研究“开始走到实际的应用与发明的前面，并且启发了实际的应用和发明。
”以下发明属于后者的是①蒸汽机车②内燃机③发电机④珍妮纺纱机。
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．②④17．美国奥巴马政府提出将投资1500亿美元开发新的清洁能源，以减少对外国石油的依赖，建立低碳燃料标准。
石油作为重要的能源被广泛利用始于A．新航路开辟 B．蒸汽动力的推广C．第二次工业革命 D．电力的广泛应用18．第一次工业革命时，工厂的规模都比较小，大多只有十几个工人；而第二次工业革命时，很多工厂有成千上万的工人。
发生这种变化主要是因为A．重化工业得到快速发展 B．垄断组织取代工厂制度C．欧洲人口急剧增长 D．工人阶级队伍膨胀19．“第二次工业革命极大地促进了世界经济的互动的整体化趋势，世界市场进一步发展”，为论证该观点，你将选择的论据是①第二次工业革命加强了国际交流，推动世界市场雏形出现②电力推动下的交通运输革命，密切了世界各地经济的联系③第二次工业革命后的殖民扩张加速了世界经济一体化进程④第二次工业革命中电信工具的创新加速了商业信息的交流A．①②③④ B．①②③C．②③④ D．①③④20．史料记载：“（甲午战争后）随便走进哪一家农户，人们都可以看到，曾经是不可缺少的纺车，都蒙上了尘土，被人遗忘了。
一捆捆机器压的印度孟买棉纱似乎使人注意到手纺车已经不合时宜了。
”这种现象反映的实质问题是A．民族工业尚未起步 B．孟买的棉纱质优价廉C．手摇纺车效率低下 D．家庭纺织业逐步解体21．李淘在《明清史》中说“鸦片战争前夕的清代农业，自然经济仍占主导地位，但是商业性农业已经出现。
……商业性农业的发展主要集中在长江以南的苏、杭地区和粤江下游广州附近地区。
鸦片战争后，中国的商业性农业有了一定程度的发展。
”下列各项属于鸦片战争后中国“商业性农业”发展原因的是A．外国资本主义对中国农业原料的掠夺B．自给自足的自然经济主体地位未改变C．民族资本主义企业在夹缝中日益萎缩D．清政府对“商业性农业”发展的重视22．《全球通史》中写道：“18世纪末，欧洲人对中国的钦佩开始消逝……欧洲人开始对中国的自然资源比对中国的文化更感兴趣。
”欧洲人对中国的态度发生转变的根本原因是A．对中国认识加深 B．中国传统文化逐渐衰落C．工业革命的开展 D．欧洲国家的殖民扩张23．19世纪中期以后，中国市场上的洋货日益增多，火柴、洋布等日用品，“虽穷乡僻壤，求之于市，必有所供”。
这种状况表明（）A．中国市场由被动开放转为主动开放 B．商品经济基本取代自然经济C．日常生活与世界市场联系日趋密切 D．中国关税主权开始丧失24．史学界认为，洋务运动“迈出了中国近代化的第一步”，其根本依据在于A．洋务运动打开中国近代教育改革之先河B．洋务运动建立了中国第一支近代海军C．洋务运动把西方先进生产方式——机器生产引入中国D．洋务运动建立了中国第一个外交机构25．开平煤矿正式投产时，土煤在国内从一个通商口岸装船到另一个通商口岸卸货，须缴纳出口税和复进口税，每吨税金达1两以上，比洋煤进口税多20余倍。
李鸿章奏准开平所产之煤出口税每吨减1钱。
这一举措A．增强了洋务派兴办矿业的信心 B．加强了对开平煤矿的管理C．摆脱了列强对煤矿业的控制 D．保证了煤矿业稳健发展26．中国民族资本主义工业在近代经历了产生、初步发展和进一步发展的“三大热潮”，它们的共同点包括①主要分布在沿海地区，以轻工业为主②都推动了中国近代社会的进步③一直受到中国反动政府的严格限制④始终受到外国资本主义的压迫和束缚，但又往往对外国资本主义有依赖性A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．②③27．史学家费正清教授把“一战”期间中国民族工业的发展称为“没有前途的经济奇迹"。
“没有前途”的根本原因是A．中国工业结构不合理 B．工业区域分布不均衡C．社会环境未根本改变 D．近代企业被军阀破坏28．1912——1919年中国新建工矿企业四百七十多家，新增资本达一亿三千多万元。
下列关于这一时期民族工业发展原因表述正确的是：A．清政府放宽了民间设厂的限制B．帝国主义国家暂时放松了对中国的经济侵略C．南京国民政府颁布了一系列发展实业的法令D．群众掀起抵制日货、提倡国货运动29．1927～1936年中国民族工业经历了一段较快的发展期。
1936年国民生产总值年增长86%，增长速度创历史最高纪录。
这一时期民族工业发展的原因是A．全面抗战的需要 B．国民政府推出鼓励发展经济的措施C．国共合作的推动 D．西方列强完全放弃对华的经济侵略30．下列关于“传说”的史料价值叙述正确的是：A．“传说”就是口耳相传的故事，基本不能相信B．“传说”本身具有研究价值，可以帮助认识过去C．文字出现前“传说”不可以直接作为史料引用D．文字出现后“传说”是对历史的追记，史料价值高二、材料分析题（共40分其中31题13分，32题15分，33题12分）31．阅读下列材料，结合所学知识回答问题材料一宋代到清代的历史进程中有过三次商业革命：第一次是宋代商业革命，第二次是明清商业革命，第三次是近代商业革命，出现以通商口岸为核心的近代化商业群落。
在对外贸易的刺激下，这些通商口岸成长为近代化的商业城市，包括广州、福州、厦门、宁波、上海、牛庄（营口）登州、烟台、台南、汕头、琼州、汉口、九江、南京、镇江、天津、沙市、重庆、苏州、杭州等。
——摘编自陈锋、张建民主编《中国经济史纲要》材料二中国资本主义私营现代企业的产生前提，是由西方列强的冲击造就的。
列强入侵冲击造就的以通商口岸为中心的、摆脱了传统中国城市模式的新兴城市，又为其产生提供了土壤与舞台。
中国最早的民营现代产业就是从外资那里获得了新的生产技术和管理方法，同时又托庇于“租界”这种特殊的场所而得以免除滥用职权、腐败无能的中国封建统治者的勒索与损害，才艰难地产生和发展起来。