英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编24
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编24 (总分：94.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、 填空题(总题数：7，分数：14.00) 1."Linguistic relativity" was proposed by 1and 2. (清华2001研) （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Sapir） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Whorf） 解析：解析：萨丕尔一沃尔夫假说认为，一方面，语言可以决定我们的思维方式；另一方面，语言之间的相似性是相对的，结构性差异越大，反映出对于世界认识的越不同。因此，这个假说也被称作“语言决定论”和“语言相对主义”。 2.Psycholinguistics is a branch of linguistics which is the study of psychological aspects of language. As an interdisciplinary academic field, it investigates the following major subjects; 1 , 2and 3. （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：acquisition） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：comprehension） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：production） 解析：解析：心理语言学作为语言学的一个分支，是从心理学的角度来研究语言，主要包括语言习得，语言理解和语言产生。 3.A 1language is originally a pidgin that has become established as a native language in some speech community. （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：creole） 解析：解析：当皮钦语得到发展不再是作为交易的语言，而成为一个社会群体的第一语言时，它就成为克里奥尔语。由皮钦语转变成为克里奥尔语的过程就称作克里奥尔语化。 4.A linguistic 1refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the "polite" society from general use. （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：taboo） 解析：解析：禁忌语是由于宗教、政治或性别原因而避免使用的词汇，通常被委婉语所代替。 5.Taboo and 1are two faces of the same communication coin. （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：euphemism） 解析：解析：禁忌语是由于宗教、政治或性别原因而避免使用的词汇，通常被委婉语所代替。委婉语是用一词代替比较唐突的令人不快的另一词的表达方法。他们是同一交流过程的两个方面。 6.Language itself is not sexist, but its use may reflect the 1attitude connoted in the language that is sexist. （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：social） 解析：解析：语言本身是不存在性别歧视的，但当语言被不同的人使用时，则会反映出社会中存在的性别歧视现象。 7.As Carter and Simpson (1989) observed that " if the 1960s was a decade of formalism in stylistics, the 1970s a decade of functionalism, and the 1980s a decade of 1stylistics". (中山大学2011年研) （分数：2.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：discourse） 解析：解析：正如Carter and Simpson认为的那样，如果说20世纪60年代是形式主义文体学，70年代是功能主义文体学，那么80年代就是话语文体学。 二、 判断题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)
8.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on. （分数：2.00） A.真 √ B.假 解析：解析：如果一个孩子失去了语言环境，他或她是不可能成功地学好一种语言的。 9.When children learn to distinguish between the sounds of their language and the sounds that are not part of the language, they can acquire any sounds in their native language once their parents teach them. （分数：2.00） A.真 B.假 √ 解析：解析：不论孩子们生活在何种语言环境中，他们首先获得的是世上所有语言的普遍性知识，之后他们才会学习更为复杂的语言。 10.Language reflects sexism in society. Language itself is not sexist, just as it is not obscene; but it can connote sexist attitudes as well as attitudes about social taboos or racism. （分数：2.00） A.真 √ B.假 解析：解析：语言可以反应出社会的性别歧视现象，但语言本身并无性别歧视意义，语言可以表达出人们对性别的态度及对一些禁忌语和种族歧视的态度。 11.According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speaker's perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life. （分数：2.00） A.真 B.假 √ 解析：解析：根据萨丕尔一沃尔夫假说的强势版本，语言决定了说话者的感知能力和生活模式，而非说话者的感知能力决定了语言和生活模式。 三、 单项选择题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)
12.______is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings. （分数：2.00） A.Competence B.Performance C.Learning √ D.Acquisition 解析：解析：在学校里，通过有意识的学习而学到第二语言的的过程叫做学习，这不同于儿童不自觉地自然的言语习得过程。 13.______are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations. （分数：2.00） A.Slang B.Address terms C.Registers √ D.Education varieties 解析：解析：语域是特殊人群使用的言语变体，通常指具有相同职业或具有同样爱好的人。某一语域通常具有自己一些独特的词汇或使用词或短语的特殊方式，而使其与其他语域区分开来。 14.______refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straight forward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication. （分数：2.00） A.Lingua franca B.Creole C.Pidgin √ D.Standard language 解析：解析：皮钦语不是任何人的母语，是在交往联系的情况下(例如交易)学习的语言变体。 15.In sociolinguistic studies, speaker are regarded as members of social groups, the social group that is singled out for any special study is called______. （分数：2.00） A.the speech community √ B.the linguistic group C.the linguistic community D.the speech variety group 解析：解析：在社会语言学中，语言使用者都被看作是社会的成员。而具有相同的语言认同或至少共享一种语言变体的人群可称作语言社区。 四、 简答题(总题数：13，分数：26.00)
16.Eskimos have many different words for different types of snow, Aborigines for different types of sand, and in Arabic one must choose from a whole range of words which are subsumed under the Western category CAMEL. Can you explain these phenomena with your linguistic knowledge? (北航2008研) （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：These phenomena can be explained from the following perspectives: (1) These phenomena show a relationship between language and society. Language changes from region to region, from one social group to another and from individual to individual. The living environment makes great impact on the changes of language. As Eskimo are always living in an environment of a snow world, they have made a good cognition to snow and classified it in different types. Human use language to describe the world they have cognized. (2) These phenomena can be explained from the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that: our language helps mould our way of thinking and, consequently, different languages may probably express speaker's unique ways of understanding the world. So Eskimos's different words for different types of snow reflect their different ways to understand snow.) 解析： 17.What is linguistic determinism? (北航2008研) （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Linguistic determinism, is one of the two points of Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, and has developed into the strong version of this hypothesis. It could be summarized as follows: (1) One's thinking is completely determined by his native language because one cannot but perceive the world in terms of the categories and distinctions encoded in the language. (2) The categories and distinctions encoded in one language system are unique to that system and incommensurable with those of other systems. Therefore, the following statement could represent this hypothesis "If Aristotle had spoken Chinese, his logic would have been different".) 解析： 18.What do you think of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis? (西安外国语学院2006研) （分数：2.00）
(完整版)英语语言学练习题(含答案))
I . Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:1. Lin guistics is gen erally defi ned as the scie ntific study of lan guage.2. Lin guistics studies particular lan guage, not lan guages in gen eral.3. A scie ntific study of lan guage is based on what the lin guist thi nks.4. In the study of lin guistics, hypotheses formed should be based on lan guage facts and checked aga inst the observed facts.5. Gen eral li nguistics is gen erally the study of lan guage as a whole.6. Gen eral li nguistics, which relates itself to the research of other are as, studies the basic con cepts, theories, descripti ons, models and me thods applicable in any lin guistic study.7. Pho netics is differe nt from pho no logy in that the latter studies the comb in ati ons of the sounds to con vey meaning in com muni cati on.8. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaning ful senten ces.9. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be comb ined to fo rm words is called morphology.10. Syn tax is differe nt from morphology in that the former not only st udies the morphemes, but also the comb in ati on of morphemes into words and words into senten ces.11. The study of meaning in lan guage is known as sema ntics.12. Both sema ntics and pragmatics study meanin gs.13. Pragmatics is differe nt from sema ntics in that pragmatics studiesmeaning not in isolati on, but in con text.14. Social cha nges can ofte n bring about lan guage cha nges.15. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.16. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.17. Moder n lin guistics is differe nt from traditi onal grammar.18. A diachro nic study of lan guage is the descripti on of lan guage at s ome point in time.19. Moder n lin guistics regards the writte n lan guage as primary, not the writte n lan guage.20. The disti ncti on betwee n compete nee and performa nee was propo sed by F. de Saussure.n . Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter give n:21. Chomsky defi nes “ compete nee as the ideal user ' ___________of the rules of his lan guage.22. Lan gue refers to the a ________ lin guistic system shared by allthe members of a speech commu nity while the parole is the con crete use of the conven ti ons and applicati on of the rules.23. D ________ is one of the desig n features of huma n lan guage which refers to the phe nomenon that lan guage con sists of two levels: alower level of mea nin gless in dividual sounds and a higher level of me anin gful un its.24. Lan guage is a system of a ________ v ocal symbols used for human com muni cati on.25. The discipli ne that studies the rules gover ning the formati on of w ords into permissible senten ces in lan guages is called s ______ .26. Huma n capacity for lan guage has a g ____ basis, but the details of lan guage have to be taught and lear ned.27. P ______ refers to the realizati on of lan gue in actual use.28. Findings in lin guistic studies can ofte n be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applicati ons is gene rally known as a __________ lin guistics.29. Lan guage is p _________ in that it makes possible the con struction and in terpretati on of new sig nals by its users .In other words, th ey can produce and un dersta nd an infin itely large nu mber of sentenc es which they have n ever heard before.30. Lin guistics is gen erally defi ned as the s _____ study of lan guage.ID . There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the stateme nt:31. If a lin guistic study describes and an alyzes the lan guage people a ctually use, it is said to be _______ .A. prescriptiveB. an alyticC. descriptiveD. li nguistic32. Which of the follow ing is not a desig n feature of huma n lan guage ?A. Arbitrari nessB. Displaceme ntC. DualityD. Meaningfuln ess33. Moder n lin guistics regards the writte n lan guage as ____ .A. primaryB. correctC. sec on daryD. stable34. In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writi ng, because _______ .A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writingB. speech plays a greater role tha n writ ing in terms of the amount ofin formati on con veyedC. speech is always the way in which every n ative speaker acquires h ismother ton gueD. All of the above35. A historical study of Ian guage is a ______ study of Ian guage.A. syn chro nicB. diachro nicC. prescriptiveD. comparative36. Saussure took a(n) ______ view of Ian guage, while Chomsky lo oks at Ian guage from a ______ point of view.A. sociological …psychologicalB. psychological …sociologicalC. applied …pragmaticD. semantic …linguistic37. Accord ing to F. de Saussure, ______ refers to the abstract lingui stic system shared by all the mem- bers of a speech com muni ty.A. paroleB. performa neeC. la ngueD. Language38. Lan guage is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical conne eti on betwee n _____ and meanin gs.A. senseB. soundsC. objectsD. ideas39. Lan guage can be used to refer to con texts removed from the im mediate situati ons of the speaker. This feature is called ______ ,A. displaceme ntB. dualityC. flexibilityD. cultural tran smissi on40. The details of any lan guage system is passed on from one gener ati on to the n ext through _____ , rather tha n by in st in ct.A. learni ngB. teachi ngC. booksD. both A and BIV . Define the following terms:41. Lin guistics42. Phon ology43. Syntax44. Pragmatics45. Psycholi nguistics46. Language47. Pho netics48. Morphology49. Sema ntics50. Socioli nguistics51. Applied Lin guistics52. Arbitrari ness53. Productivity54. Displaceme nt55. Duality56. Desig n Features57. Compete nee58. Performa nee59. Lan gue60. ParoleSuggested an swers to suppleme ntary exercises:I . Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:I. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. F 9. T 10. FII. T 12. T 13. T 14. T 15. T 16. F 17. T 18. F 19. F 20. Fn . Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter give n:21. kno wledge 22. abstract 23. Duality 24. arbitrary 25. syn tax26. genetic 27. Parole 28. applied 29. productive 30. scientific (or sy stematic)ID . There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the stateme nt.31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. DIV . Define the following terms:41. Lin guistics: Lin guistics is gen erally defi ned as the scie ntific study of lan guage.42. Phono logy: The study of how sounds are put together and used i n com muni cati on is called pho no logy.43. Syn tax: The study of how morphemes and words are comb ined t o form senten ces is called syn tax.44. Pragmatics: The study of meaning in con text of use is called prag matics.45. Psycholi nguistics: The study of Ian guage with reference to the wo rkings of mind is called psycholi nguistics.46. Lan guage: Lan guage is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for huma n com muni cati on.47. Phonetics: The study of sounds which are used in linguistic comm uni cati on is called phon etics.48. Morphology: The study of the way in which morphemes are arra n ged to form words is called morphology.49. Sema ntics: The study of meaning in lan guage is called sema ntics.50. Socioli nguistics: The study of lan guage with reference to society i s called socioli nguistics.51. Applied lin guistics: In a n arrow sen se, applied lin guistics refers to the applicati on of lin guistic prin ciples and theories to lan guage teach ing and lear ning, especially the teach ing of foreig n and sec ond langu ages. In a broad sen se, it refers to the applicati on of lin guistic finding s to the soluti on of practical problems such as the recovery of speech ability.52. arbitrari ness: It is one of the desig n features of lan guage. It mea ns that there is no logical conn ecti on betwee n meanings and sounds53. Productivity: Language is productive or creative in that it makes possible the con-structi on and in terpretati on of new sig nals by its users.54. Displaceme nt: Displaceme nt means that lan guage can be used to refer to thi ngs which are prese nt or not prese nt, real or imag ined m atters in the past, prese nt, or future, or in far-away places. In other words, la nguage can be used to refer to con texts removed from the i mmediate situati ons of the speaker55. Duality: The duality n ature of lan guage means that lan guage is a system, which con sists of two sets of structure, or two levels, one of sounds and the other of meanin gs.56. Design features: Design features refer to the defining properties of huma n lan guage that dist in guish it from any ani mal system of com muni cati on57. Compete nee: Chomsky defi nes compete nee as the ideal user 'n owledge of the rules of his lan guage,58. Performanee: performanee is the actual realization of the knowledge of the rules in lin guistic com muni cati on.59. la ngue: Lan gue refers to the abstract lin guistic system shared by all the members of a speech com muni ty; Lan gue is the set of conven tions and rules which lan guage users all have to follow; Lan gue is relatively stable, it does not cha nge freque ntly60. Parole: Parole refers to the realizati on of lan gue in actual use; pa role is the con crete use of the conven ti ons and the applicati on of the rules; parole varies from pers on to pers on, and from situati on to situ atio n.。
英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编9
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编9(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：24，分数：48.00)1.The sense relationship between "John plays the piano" and "John plays a musical instrument" is ______.(北二外2004研)（分数：2.00）A.synonymyB.antonymyC.entailment √解析：解析：（如果知道一个句子的真假能够判断另一个句子的真假，那么第一个句子就蕴含了第二个句子。
题中如果第一个句子为真，则第二句为真；第一句为假，第二句或真或假。
所以第一句蕴含第二句。
)2.Conceptual meaning is not______（分数：2.00）A.affective √B.cognitiveC.logicD.denotative解析：解析：（概念意义是逻辑的、认知的、外延的内容，而不是感情的。
)3.The semantic triangle holds that the meaning of a word______（分数：2.00）A.is interpreted through the mediation of concept. √B.is related to the thing it refers to.C.is the idea associated with that word "in the minds of speakers".D.is the image it is represented in the mind.解析：解析：（语义三角学说认为词汇的意义是通过概念表现出来的。
)4.Lexical ambiguity arises from polysemy or______which can not be determined by the context. （分数：2.00）A.homonymy √B.antonymyC.meronymyD.synonymy解析：解析：（当语境无法决定多义词或同音异义词的具体含义时，就会产生分歧。
[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编23.doc
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（B）假
3 Language acquisition refers to the process involved in creating and expressing meaning through language.
（A）真
（B）假
4 Structural metaphor means that human experiences with physical objects provide the basis for ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, ideas, etc. , as entities and substances.
（A）Competence
（B）Performance
（C）Learning
（D）Acquisition
8 During language acquisition, children go through several stages, during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents' language.
（A）language acquisition
（B）applied linguistics
（C）psycholinguistics
（D）pragmatics
10 ______does not belong to Construal Operations.
（A）Attention/ Salience（B）Jugment/ Comparison
（A）真
英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编25
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25(总分：72.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.There has been a maxim in 1which claims that "You are what you say". (中山大学2008研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：quantity）解析：解析：格莱斯的数量准则指1．使你的话语如(交谈的当前目的)所要求的那样信息充分；2．不要使你的话语比要求的信息更充分。
即说你该说的。
2.The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by 1. (中山大学2008研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Grice）解析：解析：格赖斯认为一定存在一些管理话语产生和理解的机制。
他把这种机制称为合作原则，在这个大原则下有四条准则，它们分别为数量、质量、关系和方式准则。
3. 1were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable. （分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Performatives）解析：解析：施为句是用来做事的，既不陈述事实，也不描述情况，且不能验证其真假。
4.In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the 1principle proposed by J. Grice.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Cooperative）解析：解析：通常在对话中，所有的参与者都被希望能够遵守由格莱斯提出的合作原则，这样就不会有会话含义的产生。
四川大学英语专业真题试卷及答案
2024年四川大学英语专业真题试卷及答案2024年四川大学英语专业真题试卷及答案一、选择题1、Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of the English language? A. Phoneme. B. Morpheme. C. Lexeme. D. Grammar. 答案：D. Grammar.2、Which of the following best defines “semantics”? A. The study of meaning in language. B. The study of language and its relationship to culture. C. The study of the structure of language. D. The study of the relationship between language and behavior. 答案：A. The study of meaning in language.3、Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. A morpheme can be a free form. B. A morpheme can be a bound form. C. A free form cannot be a morpheme. D. A bound form cannot be a morpheme. 答案：C. A free form cannot be a morpheme.4、The word “fig” is related to which of the following words?A. Figtree.B. Figure.C. Figment.D. Figures. 答案：B. Figure.5、“Bird” is to “nest” as “flower” is to which of the following?A. garden.B. petal.C. bloom.D. rose. 答案：A. garden.二、判断题1、A syllable in English contains both a consonant and a vowel sound. 答案：正确。
外语学专业资格真题汇编
外语学专业资格真题汇编第一部分：听力理解听力理解是外语学专业资格考试的重要组成部分，主要考察考生对听力材料的理解能力。
下面将为大家介绍几道听力理解的真题示例。
例题一：Directions: In this section, you will hear four conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question and three options. Choose the best answer to the question from the options given.1. M: Are you going to the conference next week?W: No, I can't. I have a workshop to attend.Q: What will the woman do next week?正确答案：B. Attend a workshop.例题二：Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. After each passage, you will hear several questions. Listen to the passages and answer the questions that follow.2. Passage OneM: Good morning, class. Today we are going to talk about the impact of social media on society. It is undeniable that social media has changed the way we communicate and share information. It has also influenced variousaspects of our lives, such as politics, business, and interpersonal relationships. Let's discuss how social media has affected these areas.Q1: What is the topic of the lecture?Q2: How has social media influenced our lives?Passage TwoM: Welcome to our museum. As you walk through the exhibition, you will see various artifacts that represent different civilizations. Each artifact tells a unique story, shedding light on the cultural and historical heritage of different regions. We hope you enjoy this journey through time and gain a deeper understanding of the world's diverse cultures.Q3: What can visitors expect to see in the museum?Q4: What is the purpose of the exhibition?正确答案：Q1: The impact of social media on society.Q2: It has changed the way we communicate and share information, as well as influenced politics, business, and interpersonal relationships.Q3: Various artifacts representing different civilizations.Q4: To provide a deeper understanding of the world's diverse cultures.第二部分：阅读理解阅读理解是外语学专业资格考试中的另一个重要部分，主要考察考生对文章内容的理解和分析能力。
[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc
[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编10一、简答题1 In what way do we say English is an inflectional language?（厦门大学2006研)2 Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects.（大连外国语学院2008研)3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Immediate Constituent Analysis(IC Analysis)(北京交通大学2006研)4 Illustrate "Immediate Constituent Analysis".（大连外国语学院2008研)4 For each of the following pairs of sentences, discuss how the two sentences are different from each other.（南京大学2006研)5 A.His carelessness I can't bear.B. I can't bear his carelessness.6 A.A dagger killed the tourist.B. The tourist was killed with a dagger.7 A.A hurricane killed eight people.B. Eight people died in a hurricane.8 Describe with tree diagrams the transformations involved in forming the question "Does John like the book?"（南开大学2007研)9 What, in your view, makes a text a text, rather than a series of unconnected utterances? What are the implications of your answer for second language teaching?(北外2006研)9 The English sentences given below are ungrammatical. You are required to give the syntactic explanation to the ungrammaticality in each of the sentences.（南开大学2011研)10 * Jack put his ball.11 * I wonder Michael walked the dog.12 * Frank thinks himself is a superstar.13 What are the similarities and differences between a phrase and a clause?（中山大学2011研)14 Explain the seven types of meaning and use examples to illustrate your ideas.（人大2007研；南开大学2004研)15 Discuss sense, denotation and reference, using Chinese examples to illustrate your points.(北外2008研)16 Words are in different sense relations with each other. What sense relation is illustrated in each of the pairs of words below? Add one more example to each pair.(北航2008研)(a)casual - informal(b)intelligent - stupid(c)steal - steel(d)animal - dog17 For each of the following pairs of words, state the principal reason why they may not be considered to be synonyms:（浙江大学2005研)a. man boyb. toilet looc. determined stubbornd. pavement sidewalke. slim skinnyf. move run18 Put the following words in a hierarchical order(you can use a tree diagram if need be)and try to define at least two of them:(北师大2003研)crocodile, mammal, reptile, rabbit, primate, animal18 Study the following exchange and then answer the questions that follow.(南京大学2006研)"Take some more tea. " the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.I've had nothing yet, Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I can't take more. "19 Why was Alice offended?20 What is the problem with the March Hare's remark? What is the linguistic issue involved here?21 Consider the following statements. When do we say Statement A entails Statement B? When do we say Statement A presupposes Statement B? Does Statement A necessarily entail Statement C? Why? Do Statements A and D both presuppose Statement B?Why?(南京大学2008研)A. Jack's brother has gone bankrupt.B. Jack has a brother.C. Jack's sibling has gone bankrupt.D. Jack's brother has not gone bankrupt.22 In each of the following sentences, the second part cancels some information given by the first part. However, this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group(l)andin very awkward utterances in group(2). Explain why.(北外2002研)Group(1)a．老张有三个小孩子，其实还不止三个。
英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编3
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编3(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Classification of English speech sounds in terms of manner of articulation involves the following EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.fricativesteralC.affricatesD.bilabial √解析：解析：（bilabial是根据发音部位划分的。
)2.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in ______and vocabulary.（分数：2.00）ageB.grammarC.pronunciation √D.structure解析：解析：（英音和美音最大的区别就是发音和词汇，比如发音方面，美音有儿化音。
)3.Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation?（分数：2.00）A.[n] √B.[m]C.[b]D.[p]解析：解析：（[m]，[b]，[p]都是双唇音，[n]是齿龈音。
)4.Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds?（分数：2.00）A.Acoustic phonetics.B.Articulatory phonetics. √C.Auditory phonetics.D.Neither of them.解析：解析：（发音语言学研究语音的发生。
)5.______other than compounds may be divided into roots and affixes.(大连外国语学院2008研) （分数：2.00）A.Polymorphemic words √B.Bound morphemesC.Free morphemes解析：解析：（多语素词可被分为词根和词缀，：而合成词是不可以被这样分的。
英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编2
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编2(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Human language is arbitrary. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the 1it is associated with.（人大2007研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：meaning）解析：解析：（语言具有任意性，其所指与其形式没有逻辑或内在的联系。
)2.Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space)at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as 1.（北二外2003研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：displacement）解析：解析：（移位性是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间和空间上不可及的物体、事件和观点。
)3.By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of the 1level are composed of elements of the 2level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.(北二外2006研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：primary）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：secondary）解析：解析：（双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性，底层结构是上层结构的组成成分，每层都有自身的组合规则。
2013年中山大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc
2013年中山大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷(总分：82.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、音标题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Transcribe the following words into IPA symbols, with stress marking where necessary.(10 points)Example: find—/faind/ beneath—/bi"ni:θ/empirical（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.plagiarize（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ pound（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.finite（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.clause（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.phonemics（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.threatened（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.epiphenomenon（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.beta（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.genetic（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、填空题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)11. 1means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space)at the moment of communication.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________12. 1 are produced by a closure in the vocal tract, or by a narrowing which is so marked that air cannot escape without producing audible friction.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________13.The systematic study of morpheme is a branch of linguistics called 1, which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________14.Cohesiveness can be realized by employing various cohesive devices: conjunction, ellipsis, lexical collocation, lexical repetition, 1, substitution, etc.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________15.American Structuralism is a branch of 1linguistics that emerged in the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________16.The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________17. 1found that Q-based implicatures can be readily cancelled by metalinguistic negation, which does not affect what is said, but R-based implicatures cannot.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________18.The idea that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the constituent words and the way they are combined is usually known as the principle of 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________19.During the whole 20th century, a great deal of efforts has been taken to treat the inquiry of linguistics as a 1 or autonomous pursuit of an independent science.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________20.In cognitive terms, 1 is the use of elements of subject"s situatedness to designate something in the scene.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________21.According to 1(1996), the speech presentation continuum may have the following possibilities; direct speech, indirect speech, narrator"s representation of speech acts and narrator"s representation of speech.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________22.With the help of 1 linguistics, recently research has moved into the area of example-based machine translation. The method uses correct translation as a principal source of information for the creation of new ones.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________23.In the IPA chart, the sound segments are grouped into consonants and vowels. The consonants are then divided into pulmonic and 1 consonants.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________24.According to Halliday, a clause is the simultaneous 1of ideational, interpersonal, and textual meanings.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________25.According to systemic-functionalists and American functionalists, language is not arbitrary at the 1 level.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________三、名词解释(总题数：10，分数：20.00)26.Recreational function（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.Pharyngeal（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.Loanshift（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.Tree diagram（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.Sense relations（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 31.Scale schema（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 32.Perlocutionary act（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 33.Emoticons（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.Linguistic determinism（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.System of signs（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________四、举例说明题(总题数：3，分数：6.00)nguages differ in their degrees of dependence on the morphological components.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 37.Chomsky"s Transformational-Generative Grammar has been challenged by a number of other approaches to language.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ nguage learning can take place when the learner has enough access to input in the target language.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________五、简答题(总题数：3，分数：6.00)39.What is PowerPoint and why is it so important in language teaching?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 40.What aspects of language can one focus if one wants to analyze a novel or a story?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 41.To what extent can one say that a piece of classroom work can be regarded as a task in language teaching and learning?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。