2018届上海市普陀区高三下学期质量调研(二模)英语试卷Word版含答案

- 1 - 普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of

each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Rainy D. Cloudy.

2. A. 110 minutes. B. 120 minutes. C. 130 minutes. D. 140 minutes.

3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Boss and assistant. C. Professor and student. D. Husband and wife.

4. A. In a meeting room. B. In a reference room. C. At a booking office. D. At a police station.

5. A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech. 6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset. B. He’s an hour late for the interview. C. The woman should be patient. D. He’s too nervous to calm down.

7. A. The man is intelligent enough. B. The man does not work hard enough. C. The man should get some sleep. D. The man is hard-working.

8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B. He wants to spend more time with his family. C. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job. D. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. - 2 -

9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studies. B. The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degree. C. The woman insists that her son should major in science. D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision.

10. A. It ran into another car. B. It fell into a river and sank. C. It broke down on the road. D. It left the road and landed in a field.

Section B 15% Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you

will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording. 11. A. Noise. B. Smoking. C. Litter. D. Drinking.

12. A. A tour guide. B. A conductor. C. A teacher. D. A lawyer. 13. A. To prepare people for international travel. B. To make the laws of different kinds. C. To inform people of the punishment for breaking laws. D. To give advice to travelers to the country.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording. 14. A. Conference with the course tutor. B. Active attendance and commitment. C. Punctuality and politeness. D. Debate and essay preparation.

15. A. Inform the teacher in advance. B. Just do not choose the course. C. Drop out of the course. D. Make it up later

16. A. One that is written by hand. B. One that is original. C. One that is revised by the tutor. D. One that keeps to the instructions.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His knees and fingers ache. B. He doesn’t feel like eating. C. He can’t sleep very well. D. His blood pressure is high.

18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with rays. B. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with rays. C. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with rays. - 3 -

D. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays. 19. A. Every day for seven weeks. B. Three times a week for seven weeks. C. Three times a week for three weeks. D. Twenty times for two weeks.

20. A. Use hot water pads. B. Sit by the stove. C. Drink cold water. D. Take cold baths.

II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and

grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jim Thompson Jim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended. Thompson was born in Delaware (21) _____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered (22) _____ (serve) in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East (23) _____ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming (24) _____ (involve) in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel. While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across (25) _____ he considered exquisite (精美的) samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that (26) _____ (become) rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27) _____ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived (复兴) and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy. With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest in architecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had (28) _____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29) _____ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected. In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues (30) _____ (find) as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single–handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.

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2023届上海市普陀区高三二模英语试卷及答案

普陀区2022学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Her working all day long. B.The gathering of friends.C.The annoying housework.D.The busy schedule.2.A.He likes cooking food himself. B.She thinks frozen food is unhealthy.C.He accepts the woman’s invitation.D.She prefers eating outside.3.A.The movie is not suitable for kids. B.The kids like Spider Man.C.The kids were frightened by the movie.D.The movie is quite boring.4.A.Tom invites Susan to his wedding. B.Tom will get married to Susan.C.Susan invites both Tom and Anna.D.Anna will attend Tom’s wedding.5.A.She is drinking tea. B.She likes reading magazines.C.She doesn’t like the pictures.D.She doesn’t know any Japanese.6.A.1hour. B.2hours. C.3hours. D.4hours.7.A.Supermarket. B.Drug store.C.Barber shop.D.The other side of the street.8.A.The bad weather stopped him. B.His shoes were worn out.C.He didn’t like the hiking trip.D.He was too tired to continue.9.A.A full-time student. B.An exchange student.C.A visiting scholar.D.A part-time student.10.A.He is talkative. B.He is bossy.C.He is confident.D.He is trustworthy.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following recording.11.A.The brain function of the mouse.B.The result of a study on mice.C.The way of learning and memorizing.D.The relationship between sleep and health.12.A.Sleep problem. B.Brain disease.C.Cell space.D.Brain structure.13.A.Brain diseases are difficult to solve.B.The reason why scientists and philosophers argue.C.Scientists search for better ways to treat brain diseases.D.The brain of a mouse is the same as that of a human.Questions14through16are based on the following recording.14.A.Protecting against junk food.B.Selling more junk food to people.C.Displaying little junk food on TV or in movies.D.Showing people happily eating unhealthy food.15.A.Because people want to be beautiful.B.Because good-looking people talk a lot.C.Because good-looking people buy a lot of products.D.Because good appearance is associated with products.16.A.He’s the boss of the BBC. B.He sells products to the BBC.C.He doesn't like any advertisements.D.He trusts anyone who admits mistakes.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A thunderstorm accident. B.A cable problem.C.The quality of television.D.A computer system breakdown.18.A.Lightning. B.Power cut.C.Faulty wiring.D.System failure.19.A.Wait at home. B.Keep the cable disconnected.C.Keep the TV on.D.Call the cable center for help.20.A.On Saturday morning. B.On Saturday afternoon.C.On Tuesday morning.D.On Tuesday afternoon.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Intentional Travel for the CuriousFor those seeking a different adventure around every corner,the state of Florida doesn’t disappoint.Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches(21)______they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic(水生的)life.Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders(22)______naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country’s most beautiful trails.No matter your passion,look no farther than the Sunshine State(23)______(satisfy)your scientific and cultural curiosities.Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks?(24)______(locate)on Florida’s East Coast,Daytona Beach is full of things to do,places to see,and experiences of a lifetime.It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world(25)______promises to make visitors return again and again.When it comes to Florida,people often think of the beaches—and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach(26)______(bless)with23miles of beautiful white-sand beaches.This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you(27)______actually take a drive on the beach—an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain.Take in the sights and(28)______(breathe)in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach.Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy(29)______(explore)Daytona Beach’s offshore reef system.To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.It is where hundreds of manatees(海牛)seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring.Want more exposure to aquatic animals?Ecotourism is one of the best ways to see Florida’s(30)______(impressive)species.The family will love the Marine Science Center,which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observation tower.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.confirmedB.measurableC.previouslyD.determineE.trackingF.habitableG.virtuallyH.sensitiveI.protectJ.surprisedK.systemA New Exoplanet in the SystemIn2014,data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138.This was based on a(31)______dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star,a transit.Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir,from the University of New Mexico,came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary(32)______with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between2014and2016to catch more transits of Kepler-138d,the third planet in the system,in order to study its atmosphere.While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138,Piaulet and her team were(33)______to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system,Kepler-138e.This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others,taking38days to complete an orbit. The planet is in the(34)______zone of its star,a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water.Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to(35)_______its size.With Kepler-138e,the masses of the(36)______known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method,which consists of(37)______small variations in the precise moments of the planets’transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.The researchers had another surprise:they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets,with (38)______the same size and mass,while they were previously thought to be greatly different.The closer-in planet, Kepler-138b,on the other hand,is(39)______to be a small Mars-mass planet,one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.“As our instruments and techniques become(40)______enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars,we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138c and d,”Benneke concluded.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Challenge-based learning is often focused on the challenges that have global impact.The students,who(41) ______the challenge,often don’t know what the solution will be.The facilitator is keeping them from(42)______a solution too early,and encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view,and from different scientific perspectives,”says Vilma Sukacke,a researcher at Kaunas University of Technology(KTU),Lithuania.Such a learning approach is very fitting to sustainability education,which,according to various scholars,(43) ______a contextual,problem-oriented,reflective,interdisciplinary(跨学科),collaborative,participatory,and empowered learning environment.In other words,educators have to(44)______from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education.Aiming to evaluate the(45)______of such approaches,a group of researchers from Lithuanian,Danish,German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,(46)______the three active learning methods,i.e.,project-,problem-and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE(analysis,design,development, implementation,and evaluation)framework.(47)______the educators agree that problem-based learning(PBL),project-based learning(PJBL)and,more recently,challenge-based learning(CBL)are efficient in teaching the students to(48)______technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal(横向)skills,such as teamwork,communication and conflict resolution,the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides.“In my practice,I have noticed that sometimes students are(49)______innovative learning methods and are considering them as a sort of a game.As these classes often take place in a playful environment,full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks,it’s difficult for the students to take them(50)______.Therefore,it’s very important to(51)______the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly,”says Professor Saule Petroniene from KTU Faculty of Social Sciences,Arts and Humanities,a co-author of the study.According to her,to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However,this effort(52)______,especially when students continue their activities outside school and focus on solving (53)______social problems.Researchers believe that the(54)______of CBL,PJBL,and PBL requires a paradigm(范式)shift,where organization,staff and students change their view to education and learning.In this process,both teachers and students need to apply new skills and(55)______roles that they might not have needed before.41.A.allow B.introduce C.accept D.expect42.A.carrying on B.focusing on C.applying for D.inquiring about43.A.cares about B.tells of C.turns to D.calls for44.A.shift B.differ C.suffer D.learn45.A.outcome B.efficiency C.impact D.value46.A.exploring B.applying C.modifying D.explaining47.A.Whether B.As long as C.Although D.Because48.A.develop B.include C.associate D.integrate49.A.approving B.questioning C.preventing D.adopting50.A.affectionately B.calmly C.seriously D.coolly51.A.transfer B.change municate D.express52.A.pays off B.goes away C.gives off D.breaks down53.A.subjective B.real C.imaginary D.virtualbination anization C.realization D.cooperation55.A.take on B.put away C.send for D.deal withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Mona Lisa,also called Portrait of Lisa Gherardini,wife of Francesco del Giocondo,Italian La Gioconda,or French La Joconde,oil painting on a wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci,is probably the world’s most famous painting.It was painted sometime between1503and1519,when Leonardo was living in Florence,and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum,Paris,attracting people throughout the world to see it in the21st century.The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.But at least a dozen excellent copies of the Mona Lisa exist,many of them by Leonardo’s students.One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.However,during the restoration of the painting in the early2010s,which included using advanced reflexology to examine the work beneath the surface,conservators discovered that the painting had changes that mirrored those of the original.The findings suggested that the artist—likely one of the master’s assistants—painted the copy as Leonardo worked on the Mona Lisa in his studio.Thus,“the Prado version”became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background,revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors,possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.Other copies of the Mona Lisa include so-called Isleworth Mona Lisa,which some critics claim is da Vinci’s first edition.The claim was a controversial one,with several leading Leonardo scholars flatly denying it.Numerous interpretations,often referred to as Monna Vanna,also exist and were likely completed by Leonardo’s students with occasional input from their master.In June,a copy of the Mona Lisa is said to have been sold for a record2.9million euros(22million yuan)at Christie’s in Paris.The copy is believed to have been made by a follower of Leonardo da Vinci in the early17th century and later was purchased by Harkin in1953from an art dealer in Nice,France,hence it got the name Heggin’s Mona Lisa. High imitation is also worth money!As the art investment market heats up,various art reproductions continue to emerge. Collectors have not shut out these fine copies,some of which have not only made it into the house,but also sold for high prices.Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction?This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.56.What can we learn about Mona Lisa in Para.1?A.This painting has been sold out.B.Her smile and identity arouse people’s curiosity.C.The painting is said to be hanging in Florence now.D.The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci in France.57.What does“the Prado version”refer to in the passage?A.All the restored copies.B.The works of early restorers.C.A copy from the Prado Museum.D.An excellent copy of da Vinci.58.Why don’t collectors turn away these wonderful reproductions?A.Because of the entertainment.B.Because of the love for painters.C.Because of the short supply.D.Because of the high returns.59.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.Mona LisaB.Other Mona LisasC.Mona Lisa’s SmileD.Mona Lisa’s ValueIf you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer,it would take you a lifetime!However,most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone,but in2-3full days,you will be able to hit most of the highlights.There is no such thing as racing around the park.Yellowstone has154miles of a main highway,known as the Grand Loop Road.The general park speed limit is45miles per hour but in normal traffic,you will be lucky to average30miles per hour.Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance.If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park,it will take at least1.2to2hours at almost every stop.In addition,there will be any number of unscheduled stops,such as waiting for wild animals to cross the roadA suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate,which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson,Wyoming.Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old Faithful. Although,not the largest geyser(间歇泉)to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of eruption.The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year.As you enter the Park,ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption of Old Faithful.As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road,keep an eye out for wildlife.At Grant Village Junction,turn left(west) and head toward Old Faithful Village.Once at Old Faithful Village,take some time to walk around the boardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin.Include the1.4-mile walk to Morning Glory Pool,one of the most colorful thermal(热能)features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin.The area is scattered andfeatures regularly erupting geysers,hot springs,and a fascinating mud pool.Afterleaving the Lower Geyser Basin,continue north to Norris Junction and stay to theright to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyserbasins,Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat.Inaddition,there are several miles of boardwalks from which you can explore dozensof multi-colored thermal features.A.Some people live in parks all their lives.B.Hardly anyone can see the whole park.C.The park can provide you with everything.D.It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.61.What does the underlined phrase“unscheduled stops”refer to?A.The walking speed of wild animals being affected.B.Travelers’stopping and going in the park.C.The vehicles’being parked in the proper area.D.The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.62.Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph4-5?A. B. C. D.The world is wasting the opportunity to“build back better”from the Covid-19pandemic,and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least2.7℃if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments,according to a report from the UN.Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’current commitments would reduce carbon by only about7.5%by2030, far less than the45%cut,which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to1.5℃,the aim of the Cop26 summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.António Guterres,the UN secretary-general,described the findings as a“thundering wake-up call”to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.Although more than100countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century,this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters,according to the UN emissions report,which examines the shortfall between countries’intentions and actions needed on the climate.Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear,and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.Guterres said:“The heat is on,and as the contents of the report show,the leadership we need is off.Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving,planet-saving ways.As world leaders prepare for Cop26,this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”Inger Andersen,the director of the UN Environment Programme(UNEP)said:“Climate change is no longer a future problem.It is a now problem.To stand a chance of limiting global warming to1.5℃,we have8years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions:8years to make the plans,put in place the policies,carry them out and deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”Emissions fell by about5.4%last year during Covid lockdowns,the report found,but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions.This failure to“build back better”despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis,the UN said.In the run-up to Cop26,countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions–called nationally determined contributions(NDCs)–for the next decade,a requirement under the2015Paris climate agreement.But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs,and some governments had presented weak plans.63.Why were the findings described as a“thundering wake-up call”in Para.3?A.Because the world has failed to deliver on its current promises.B.Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.C.Because a global temperature rise of at least2.7℃would be a disaster.D.Because the opportunities presented by covid-19have been wasted.64.According to the author,in what circumstances is global warming avoidable?A.New plans will be made to protect the environment.B.Measures will be taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years.C.Transitions will be made in response to the global climate crisis.D.Global sustainable environmental resources will be greatly developed.65.What is the author’s purpose in saying“How many do we need?”in Para.5?A.To show the number of alarm clocks required.B.To inquire the number of the countries attending the meeting.C.To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances.D.To stress the need to save energy and reduce emissions.66.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.B.Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.C.Plans to cut emissions of many countries are far from satisfactory.D.Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.When it rains,water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.B.Many of their houses are well-preserved today,especially in Xidi and Hongcun.C.To talk about Huizhou culture,we must first understand Huizhou.D.People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls,windows and wooden posts of their houses.E.Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.F.Huizhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.Huizhou Architecture Comes to LifeHuizhou has a long history.When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years.(67)__________Now,walking along the bluestone streets there, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles(瓦片)and layered horse-head roofs,and feel like they are lost in a traditional Chinese ink painting.Huizhou architecture,with its long tradition and great diversity,occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape,says Zhang Wangnan,director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan.Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places,since Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land,according to Zhang.Moreover,daylight is valued in Huizhou houses,reflected in the building of open interior courtyards,allowing sunshine to enter the rooms.“Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth.(68)__________It stands for keeping windfall profits,”says Zhang.Huizhou is famous for its stone,wood and brick carvings,which are widely used to decorate local houses.“(69) __________In this way,they integrate their aesthetic(审美)values and emotions into the buildings,making them more beautiful and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,”says Zhang.(70)__________“If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house,it seems simple,enclosed by walls,but the insides are open and broad,with complicated decorations.It is just like Huizhou people,who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them,”says Zhang.He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the Qing Dynasty in many aspects,for example,having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.How to Stay Healthy in AutumnIn recent days,the weather in most regions is no longer hot,and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However,there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening,and the air is also drier.All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose,sore throat,dry cough,dry hair loss and other symptoms.People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn.So,here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.Do eat watery food.According to traditional Chinese medicine,autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body. Pay attention to wet lungs in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water.In addition,you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine,eating some watery food,like pear and duck meat.Do have easily digested food.People’s spleen(脾)and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long,hot summer.So in autumn,you should give your spleen and stomach a rest.For example, you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat,such as fish and red bean.Be sure to take vitamin supplements.Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system.The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion.It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C,such as kiwi and oranges.Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength,ensure their health and enhance their immunity.In autumn,it is suggested that you go to bed at9pm,or try to fall asleep before11o’clock.If you sleep at this time,it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。

2018届上海市闵行区高三下学期质量调研(二模)英语试题

2018届上海市闵行区高三下学期质量调研（二模）英语试题考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分140分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分, 试卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上, 做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前, 务必在答题纸上填写考生号和姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He will review 2 more lessons. B. He will study the other 20 lessons.C. He will go over the 13 lessons.D. He will study all the 15 lessons.2. A. His injury kept him at home. B. He didn’t think it necessary.C. He was too weak to see the doctor.D. He failed to make an appointment.3. A. The post office. B. Monroe Street.C. The courthouse.D. Fourth Avenue.4. A. Disappointed. B. Approving. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful.5. A. He played his part quite well. B. He was not dramatic enough.C. He performed better than the secretary.D. He exaggerated his part.6. A. He wrote a book about great restaurants.B. He always makes reservations for dinner.C. He read a book while he was eating dinner.D. He always finds good places to eat.7. A. He is afraid he won’t be chosen for the trip.B. The boss has not decided where to go.C. Such a trip is necessary for the company.D. It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.8. A. It’s too expensive to get the apartment furnished.B. The furniture he bought was very cheap.C. The apartment was provided with some old furniture.D. It’s hard to find proper furniture for his apartment.9. A. She is intended to work for the school newspaper.B. The man can spare some time reading school newspaper.C. The man has a very tight schedule.D. The man should have taken more than five classes.10. A. Whether the meeting is certainly to be held on Monday.B. What bad news will be talked about at the meeting.C. What they are going to discuss at the meeting.D. Where the meeting is to be held.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Appropriateness of the programs. B. The operation of national programs.C. The incomes of the corporation.D. The welfare of the staff.12. A. By donations from the public. B. By selling its programs.C. By selling broadcasting devices.D. By getting support from the royals.13. A. Its humorous styles. B. The richness of its programs.C. Famous news announcers.D. Its neutral views on news.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Social progress and individual development.B. Human behaviors and social changes.C. General concepts about psychology and sociology.D. Relationship between cultures and human behaviors.15. A. What is the role of religion or art in a society?B. What is the main reason for revolution in a society?C. What are the causes of antisocial behavior?D. Why does one society progress more rapidly than another?16. A. Both psychology and sociology study human behavior.B. Mental problems should be dealt with by a sociologist.C. Sociology is the study of group behavior.D. Psychology pays more attention to individuals than to groups.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It looks into opinions that people hold about old age.B. It is about how to keep healthy in old age.C. It investigates causes of old people’s unhappiness.D. It reveals the secret of living longer.18. A. Arise people’s awareness of caring for the old.B. Encourage people to be more responsible for the old.C. Help people change their feelings about old age.D. Ease people’s fear and anxiety about mental illness of the old.19. A. They are mostly among the 60-70 age group.B. They are mostly abandoned by their families.C. People do not become more lonely because of old age.D. People among any age group are not lonely at all.20. A. They are changing suddenly and completely at a particular age.B. It’s hard to recognize a person when he is turning old.C. Old people can’t deal with events and problems properly.D. People do not change in old age a lot more than in middle age.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Aunt Jane is now well over seventy, but she is still a great cinema-goer. The cinema in our town closed down years ago and sometimes she has to travel twenty miles or more to see a good film. And once a month at least she goes up to London to see (21)________(late) foreign films. Of course she could see most of these films on television, but the idea does not attract her. “It isn’t the same,” she says. “For one thing, the screen’s too small. Besides, I like going to the cinema!”However, one thing which has always puzzled us is that (22)________ Aunt Jane has lots of friends and enjoys company, she always goes to the cinema alone. We discovered the reason for this only recently—from Mother. “It may surprise you to learn that Aunt Jane wanted to be an actress when she was young,” she told us. “She used to wait outside film studios all day, just (23)________(appear) in crowd scenes. Your aunt has probably appeared in dozens of films. Sometimes she did not even know the name of the film they (24)________(make). Therefore, she couldn’t go to see (25)________ in the film at the cinema!“All the time, of course, she was looking for a small part in a film. Her big chance came (26)________ they started to make a film in our town. Jane managed to meet the director at a party and he offered her (27)________ role as a shopkeeper. It really was a very small part, but it was an important moment for Jane. Before the great event, she rehearsed for days. In fact, she turned the sitting-room into a shop! We all had to help, going to and out of the shop (28)_______ she could remember her words perfectly. And (29)________ the actual day she was marvelous. Jane thought that this was the beginning of her film career!“Unfortunately, in the end, they did not include the shop scene in the film. But nobody told Jane! When the film first appeared in London, she took all her friends to see it. And of course she wasn’t in it! It was a terrible blow! She stopped (30)________(go) to film studios and gave up the idea of becoming an actress. She still loves the cinema, as you all know, but from that day she has always gone alone!”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.(班卓琴) song, you’re probabl y 31 following the age-old advice that practice makes perfect. However, contrary to popular belief, doing the same thing over and over again might not be the most efficient way to learn foreign concepts.Traditionally, we’re taught using the “blocking” strategy. This instructs us to go over a single idea again and again until we’ve mastered it, before32 to the next concept. But several new neurological(神经学的) 33 show that an up and coming learning method called “interleaving” improves our ability to keep and perform new skills over any traditional means by leaps and bounds.What interleaving does is to space out learning over a longer period of time, and it 34the information we encounter when learning a new skill. So, for example, instead of learning one banjo chord at a time until you 35 it, you train in several at once and in shorter bursts.One of the practical ways you can use interleaving to train your brain to pick up new skills quickly and effectively is to practice multiple 36 skills at once.Whether you’re trying to improve your motor skills or cognitive (认知的) learning abilities, the key to 37 how your brain processes new information is to break out of the habit of learning one part of a skill at a time.The advantage of this method is that your brain doesn’t get comfortable or store information in your short-term memory. Instead, interleaving causes your brain to 38 focus and problem-solve every step of the way, resulting in information getting stored in your long-term memory instead.Interleaving doesn’t cut any corners, so your brain is always on39 . Think of the difference between blocking and interleaving like a boxer who practices one 40 over and over again versus a boxer who practices by sparring in the ring. In the ring, you have to be ready for anything. It makes you faster and sharper.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food？In the laboratory, chimps don’t 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 —he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish. Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this 48 in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these 50 appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.41. A. structures B. policies C. behaviors D. responsibilities42. A. conflict B. cooperate C. offend D. negotiate43. A. trust B. contact C. isolate D. help44. A. decline B. manage C. attempt D. oblige45. A. curiously B. reluctantly C. naturally D. carelessly46. A. in turn B. at random C. with care D. in advance47. A. all in all B. as a result C. in no case D. on the other hand48. A. cooperativeness B. availability C. interrelationship D. attractiveness49. A. cultivated B. motivated C. possessed D. stimulated50. A. attitudes B. instincts C. experiences D. coincidences51. A. creatively B. formally C. socially D. competitively52. A. develops B. decreases C. changes D. disappears53. A. abstract B. invisible C. imaginary D. physical54. A. infer B. adapt C. absorb D. balance55. A. realistic B. shared C. specific D. ambitiousSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate (累积) in a joint, is sharp painand a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or hisbrain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness ifthey surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, didichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seenfrom their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cutoff its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequentlyweakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen (标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted body.B. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure.57. The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see ________.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothsch ild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4 ________.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost it(B)However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.”People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.60. According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to ________.A. making more moneyB. taking more opportunitiesC. reducing missed opportunitiesD. weighing the choice of opportunities61. The “leftover money and time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time ________.A. spared for watching the match at homeB. taken to have dinner with friendsC. spent on the way to and from the matchD. saved from not going to watch the match62. What are forgone opportunities?A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making.B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.C. Opportunities you miss accidentally.D. Opportunities you make up for.(C)Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, awindow opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud stated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised (伪装的) shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switch ed to thinking of them as just “mental noise” — the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line”. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only influenced but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated(产生) during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life, we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events — until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over repeated bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feeling. Sleep — or rather dream —on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.63. By saying that “dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat” in paragraph 1, the researchers mean that __________.A. dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stableB. dreams can be brought under conscious controlC. dreams represent our unconscious desires and fearsD. we can think logically in the dreams too64. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to __________.A. become worse in our unconscious mindB. develop into happy dreamsC. persist till the time we fall asleepD. show up in dreams early at night65. Cartwright believed with much practice, we can learn to __________.A. control what dreams to dreamB. sleep well without any dreamsC. wake up in time to stop the bad dreamsD. identify what is upsetting about the dreams66. Cartwright might advise those who sometimes have bad dreams to __________.A. lead their life as usualB. seek professional helpC. exercise conscious controlD. avoid anxiety in the daytimeSection CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Rhythm of LifeChoosing the right time to sleep, the correct moment to make decisions, the best hour to eat—and even go into hospital—could be your key to perfect health.Centuries after man discovered the rhythms of the planets and the cycles of crops, scientists have learned that we too live by precise rhythms that govern everything from our basic bodily functions to mental skills. Man is a prisoner of time.But it’s not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodies work. 67Prince Charles consults a chart which tells him when he will be at his peak on a physical, emotional and intellectual level. Boxer Frank Bruno is another who charts his bio-rhythms to plan for big fights.68 Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks, which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle.Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into “days” lasting about 25 hours.In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator ofperformance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 p.m. high of 37.2°C to a pre-dawn low of 36.1°C, mentalfunctions fall too. 69The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating weeks of day, evening and night shifts.70 Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve.Finding the secret of what makes us tick has long fascinated scientists and work done over the last decade has yielded important clues. The aim is to help us become more efficient. For example, the time we eat may be important if we want to maximize intellectual or sporting performance. There is already evidence suggesting that the time when medicine is given to patients affects how well it works.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)—being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous (一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizationalcitizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental when others don’t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. Success in creative professions like art or advertising calls for a balance between wild ideas and conscientiousness. Without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 请把这封信寄给负责售后服务的人。

2018年普陀区初三英语二模答案

2018年普陀区初三英语二模答案1、You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking, _______ you’ll get better soon. [单选题] *A. butB. afterC. orD. and(正确答案)2、When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back one the shelf, ____? [单选题] *A. do youB. don’t youC. will you(正确答案)D. won’t you3、The manager demanded that all employees _____ on time. [单选题] *A. be(正确答案)B. areC. to beD. would be4、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert5、Alice is a ______ girl. She always smiles and says hello to others.（）[单选题] *A. shyB. strictC. healthyD. friendly(正确答案)6、If you know the answer, _______ your hand, please. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put downC. put onD. put in7、David ______ at home when I called at seven o’clock yesterday evening. （）[单选题] *A. didn’tB. doesn’tC. wasn’t(正确答案)D. isn’t8、Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see _______. [单选题] *A. herB. him(正确答案)C. itD. them9、75．Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A．go out(正确答案)B．to go outC．going outD．goes out10、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard11、I often _______ music from the Internet. [单选题] *A. download(正确答案)B. spendC. saveD. read12、My father and I often go ______ on weekends so I can ______ very well. （）[单选题] *A. swim; swimmingB. swims; swimC. swimming; swimmingD. swimming; swim(正确答案)13、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)14、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that15、Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and _______ is noisy. [单选题] *A. anotherB. the other(正确答案)C. othersD. other16、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding17、The museum is _______ in the northeast of Changsha. [单选题] *A. sitB. located(正确答案)C. liesD. stand18、I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy _____. [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. oneC. thisD. that19、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)20、1——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.——_______ , thanks. Ithink I can manage. [单选题] *A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all right(正确答案)D. There’s no way21、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth22、He held his（）when the results were read out. [单选题] *A. breath(正确答案)B. voiceC. soundD. thought23、37．—What will you be ___________?—I'm not sure. Maybe I'll be a doctor like my father. [单选题] *A．right nowB．in the future(正确答案)C．at onceD．at the moment24、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does25、I’m so tired after _______ walk. [单选题] *A. three hour’sB. three hours’(正确答案)C. three hoursD. three hour26、63．There will be? ? ? ? ??? water on the road after the heavy rain. [单选题] *A．too much(正确答案)B．much tooC．too manyD．many too27、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until28、If you had told me earlier, I _____ to meet you at the hotel. [单选题] *A. had comeB. will have comeC. would comeD. would have come(正确答案)29、It' s a pity that we have to stay at home when we are having（）weather. [单选题] *A. so fineB. so fine aC. such fine(正确答案)D. such a fine30、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an。

上海市嘉定区2018届高三下学期教学质量调研(二模)英语试题(无听力)

2018嘉定区高考英语二模2018.4.A: ’sa .’s , , , a : “ . a (21) .”, ’s (22) , , (23) ., , (24) () 1963 21. (25) () .a . a .1,000 . , (26) a . (27) () a , a . a . a .. , , (28) () a , a .“(29) a , I , , I .I ,” . , : “ . a ,(30) .”Ba a . . F. , a I , 31a . a . a 32 , 33a . , , a . 34 .I . , (讽刺). a 35 .36.. , , , a , , a , a . , .a F. , 37 . , . I , a ’s ,a , 38.39. a , , .a . 40 ..A: (绩效)’s . a ,41 , , 42., , , . 43 –a(评定) , - .: , 44, , ,45 , , 46 , , . , . , 47 (能力) . , a 48 ( ), ’s ( ).’ , , ’ 49 a , , , 50, 51 a 52 . , , (介入), 53. . 54 , a . 55 .41. A. B. C. D.42. A. B. C. D.43. A. B. C. D.44. A. B. C. D.45. A. B. C. D.46. A. B. C. D.47. A. B. C. D.48. A. B. C. D.49. A. B. C. D.50. A. B. C. D.51. A. B. C. D.52. A. B. C. D.53. A. B. C. D.54. A. B. C. D.55. A. B. C. D.B(A): (虹膜) , ’s .a ’s ., ,’s . , a ., . ., . 12,000 $79.95 .a 240 — . 1.21.44 ., , , a . “ a , , ,” .“ a .”a $369,000 . , 300 1,500a .56. ?A. .B. .C. .D. .57. ?A. .B. .C. .D. .58. ?A. .B. .C. .D. .59. .A. B.C. D.(B)&. . . , . . .a :●●● a●●● a., a . , 500 , .: 26 2018a a .’t –’t a , ’t . , , a . .60. .A. B.C. D.61. , ?A. ’t 26 .B. a .C. .D. .62. a ?A. .B. .C. .D. .(C)—1980 2000— a .A , , . .’s ’ a (放纵). ’t ., . , , ’ , “ … , ’t .” ’s ’ .’s , . ‘’ 2008 , ., , ’sa . . , ’ , “a .”( ), ., , .a . ’s ., . , , ’t —’ aa ’s , , , .1960s 1990s, . ’s , —— .63. , ?A. .B. .C. .D. .64. ?A. .B. a .C. .D. .65. ’s “a ”( 5)?A. .B. .C. .D. .66. ?A. .B. A .C. A .D. A .C: A. , . 19 , . .a , . , a .67 , a , , , , , ., . . . . , a . 68 .. 69 a . , , .. . ,a , . , . , , dé(装饰品). 70a . ... . ., : . . , . , , . , . , . . , a , ., . , , , . , . 450, . . , , .400s . 342 ., a .300 . . , a . , , a , . , .V.72. 他在会议上提出的建议值得三思。

2018年上海市普陀区初三英语二模试卷及答案

第份2018届中考模拟试卷讲义普陀区二模年月日普陀区2017学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷 2018年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分）Part I Listening（第一部分听力）Ⅰ（听力理解）.Listening comprehensionA.Listen and choose the right picture（根据你所听到的内容，选择相应的图片）1.____2._____3.____4._____5._____6.______B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）7.A. By car. B. By underground. C. By bus D. By bikeengineerdoctor. C.AnD.Anactor cook B.A8.A.Apoorbusbad D.The9.A. The dirty streets B. The busy citylife C.Theservice10.A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. D. Customer and clerk11.A. Nice trips. B. Favorite sports. C. Public pleas D. Healthy &inks12. A.At the restaurant B. At the library.C.At the supermarketD. At the Dost officeB.Makefilm.apizzaaA.13.Seebookreview.aabook. D.FinishC.Read14. A. Tim went to the library to have a talk with Moly.B.Moly missed the art lessons in the afternoonC. The monitor organized a discussion about the spring outing.D. The two speakers had a meeting on the art projects.C .Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true and false（判断下列语句是否符合你听到的内容，符合的部分用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）15.Sara used to buy lottery tickets（彩票）and could always win some money.16.Once Sara won $55 million and was suddenly known by many people.17.Over 200 people sent Sara e-mails tom ask for suggestion about how to win lottery tickets.18.Sara moved to another town in order to keep away from the news reporters.19.Sara set up a group to help poor students start their business after college.20.Sara is famous because she has done some good things with the money she has.D. Listen to the passage and complete to following sentence（听短文，完成下列句子。

2019年4月上海普陀区九年级初三二模英语试卷及参考答案、评分标准(含听力材料,word版)

普陀区2018-2019学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷 2019年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) （6分）1．________ 2. _______ 3. _________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. _________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案) (8分)（）7. A. By car. B. By plane. C. By bus. D. By train.（）8. A. In Australia. B. In Britain. C. In America. D. In France.（）9. A. Flower seeds. B. Pink roses.C. Concert tickets.D. Beautiful pots.（）10. A. In the library. B. At a shop. C. In a restaurant. D. At the bank.（）11. А. Favourite books. B. Nice places. C. Interesting movies. D. Cute pets.（）12. A. Clare. B. John. C. Robin. D. Peter.（）13. A. Because he had a headache.B. Because he had watched an exciting football game.C. Because he had drunk too much coffee.D. Because he had worked for a long time.（）14. A. She will buy a new flat next month.B. She wants to move out of Spring Garden.C. She dislikes her noisy neighbours.D. She is giving Frank suggestions for moving,C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (6分)（）15. Jack Wang owned one million dollars at the age of 23.（）16. Jack was happy that he didn't have to look for jobs like his college friends.（）17. Once Jack learnt about the poor children on TV and decided to help them with $1,000.（）18. Jack helps the poor children through an organization and gets a report every year.（）19. An African girl told Jack that his money enabled her to see the doctor.（）20. 36-year-old Jack lives a simple life in order to offer more help to the poor children. D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences (听对话，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词) (10分)21. When Mark is working, he likes to stand for the __________ __________.22. According to some doctors, standing while working provides people with a __________ __________to live.23. A study shows if people sit for over 6 hours a day, they are more likely __________ __________.24. Besides, standing while working lets people feel as if they are __________ __________.25. Doctors think people should __________ __________rather than just stand there all day.Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A. I’ve got a pl easant little flat.B. Tourists enjoy sunshine on the beach.C. Please stand there and breathe deeply.D. Cycling is a cheap way to get around.27. When you play ________ violin, you need to pick it up by your neck with your left hand.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. Armstrong was the captain and he was responsible________ the journey.A. atB. toC. forD. on29. Many children like to talk to ________ when they are alone.A. themB. theirC. theirsD. themselves30. Tina bought lots of interesting books, ________ she didn’t have time to read them.A. andB. soC. butD. or31. The basketball game between Boston and Utah was exciting. ________ of the teams played well.A. BothB. AllC. NoneD. Neither32. Tammy is a drama actress and she rushes from one theatre to ________ at weekends.A. anotherB. the otherC. otherD. others33. There were________ visitors in the museum than I had expected.A. manyB. moreC. mostD. the most34. Thanks to our government, we feel________ at any time in this city.A. safeB. saveC. safelyD. safety35. Sandy usually sleeps with the window open ________ it’s really cold.A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. after36. Wendy was considering if she ________ to the manager about the awful food the next day.A. complainsB. had complainedC. has complainedD. would complain37. ---How old is the house?---It ________ by my grand grandfather in 1940A. is builtB. was builtC. will be builtD. has been built38. There was a lot of traffic, but Dan and his friends managed ________ at the airport in time.A. arriveB. arrivedC. to arriveD. arriving39. My grandma’s memory is getting worse. She keeps________ things and people’s n ames.A. forgetB. forgotC. to forgetD. forgetting40. The house was quiet when Fiona went home. Everyone________ to bed.A. goesB. goC. has goneD. had gone41. Jane________ the plant in the garden when the phone in the living room rang.A. watersB. has wateredC. was wateringD. will water42. ---________ can I have my clothes back?---In about three days.A. How manyB. How soonC. How fastD. How far43. We ________ take a taxi or rent a car home tonight, but we haven’t decided yet.A. mayB. needC. mustD. should44. ---The school bus is coming. Remember to take you calculator.---________.A. Yes, I’d like to.B. Thank you. I willC. That’s all right.D. Sorry to hear that.45. ---________.---No problemA. I’ve got a terrible stomachache.B. Would you like some more juice?C. You look great in jeans.D. Could you help me with the luggage?III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。

2018届上海市长宁区、嘉定区高三第二次质量调研(二模)英语试卷及答案精品

长宁区2015年高三英语教学质量抽测试卷第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the bus station. B. At the airport.C. At the post office.D. At the bank.2. A. Librarian and reader. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Shop-assistant and customer.3. A. It is quite interesting.B. It's time-consuming.C. It isn't worth seeing.D. It is very expensive.4. A. To complain about her heater. B. To go over for the heater.C. To get some electric power.D. To have her heater repaired.5. A. To postpone his schedule. B. To book in another hotel.C. To stay in the spare room.D. To reserve a room in advance.6. A. Accident victims. B. Rescue work.C. Plane crashes.D. Crash survivors.7. A. He has some trouble with his computer. B. He isn't getting along well with the staff.C. He hasn't registered for a proper course.D. Hecan't apply the theory to his program.8. A. She went out of the way to meet the man. B. She was pleased to talk with the man.C. She took the man where he wanted to go.D. She missedthe chance to help the man.9. A. Smith will keep the surprise party a secret.B. Lucy hasn't got any promise from Smith.C. They shouldn't have told Lucy about the party.D. There's no secret between Smith and Lucy.10. A. Volunteers have to connect the community.B. The man has no time to do voluntary work.C. Voluntary work requires devotion of time.D. Many people have signed up for voluntary work.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three question on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Nick lost the book Ivan borrowed from the library.B. The book Ivan borrowed from Nick was missing.C. Nick and Ivan had conflicts in Ms. Salmon's class.D. Ivan was asked to return the book before finishing it.12. A. She asked Nick and Ivan to solve the problem by themselves.B. She gave Nick and Ivan the solution to their problem immediately.C. She asked students in social studies class to help solve the problem.D. She persuaded Ivan to pay for the book that Nick lent to him.13. A. A good way to resolve conflicts is to turn to your best friends.B. Nick and Ivan were unsatisfied with the solution to their problem.C. Signing an agreement helped to solve Nick and Ivan's problem.D. Social studies class can equip students with skills to resolve conflicts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbor's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)We had to climb right up the hill , which is very steep, and ,when close under it , it seemed to be high, but we soon reached the top . When we were there, we had lost sight of the lake; and now our road was over a wild land.____25_____(go) a little way, we saw before us , at the distance of about half a mile, a very large stone building, with a high wall round it , neither field nor tree near. The wild land was overgrown with grey grass that cattle might feed upon. We could not tell ___26_____ this building was. It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms; but for what purpose? William called out to us that we should observe that place well, for it was exactly like one of the shelters of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), ___28____(build) for the reception of travelers, and indeed I had thought it ____29_____ be so. This building, from its singular structure and appearance, made the place , which is itself in a country ____30_____ Scotland, remarkable. When we ___31____(pass) it and looked back, three pyramidal mountains on the opposite side of Lock Lomond endedthe view, ____32_____ in certain kind of weather might be very grand. Our highland companion had not got enough English to give us any information concerning this srange building . What we could only get from her was that it was a "large house", which was plain enough.(B)All plants need water to grow. Watering plants seems like a simple task but it actually requires many considerations. For example , plants growing in areas with low rainfall or areas ____33___(expose) to dry wind require more water. On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require ___34_____(frequent) watering . The watering of plants should not be viewed as a minor process in gardening ___35______ this task plays an extremely important role in ensuring healthy plant growth.Let's first take a closer look at plants growing in gardens. Since watering is a critical gardening task, ____36___ accessible water supply is vital. A garden tap witha hose of sufficient length to reach the furthest part of the garden ____37_____(prefer). This tends to make watering much easier and ensures adequate water is provided for the plants. Most inexperienced gardeners water little ____38____very frequently. This is undesirable as it encourages shallow root growth. In addition, watering in full sun causes leaves to lose water quickly from the surface of the soil. Therefore, some experts recommend ____39______(install) an automatic watering system.As for plants growing in pots or containers, they tend to lose water rapidly. One way to reduce such a risk is ____40_____(group) the plants close together to keep moisture. Try to move them to a shady place if you are away from home for a few days. Otherwise, you will return home to see your plants dead.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note thatthere is one word more than you need.in the gay effusions (流露) of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of ____44____ and even a holidayis almost deprivation (丧失). Whether a man writes well orill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writingat all, he will appreciate the pleasures of composition.To sit at the table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of uninterruptible ____45 plenty of nice white paper and a pen is true happiness. With the complete absorption of the mind upon a(n) ____46 occupation, what more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons may do what it likes,and so may the House of Lords. The bottom may be____47 clean out of the American market. The heathen (异教徒) may show ___48 anger in every part of the globe. Never mind,for four hours, at any rate, we will ____49 ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and ____50____ world.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American economic analyst declared, "Our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into habits, that we seek our __51___ satisfaction, our self-satisfaction in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced at an ever ___52___ rate." Americans have __53____ to the call, and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even deeply rooted in social ___54__. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economies, Japan and the United States, show consumerist definitions of success becoming very popular.Over consumption by the fortunate in the world is anenvironmental problem ___55___ in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their increasing exploitation of resources __56___ to exhaust or unalterably spoils forests, soils, water, air and climate.Ironically (有讽刺意味的), high consumption may be a __57___ blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been ___58___ in the rush to riches.Thus, many people in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow. With the __59____ of a consumerist culture, they also think that they have been ___60__ attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.___61___, the opposite of overconsumption—poverty—is no ___62___ to either environmental or human problems. It is much worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Peasants who have nothing left cut-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民) turn their animals out onto African grassland,reducing it to ___63____.If environmental ___64___ results when people have eithertoo little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? Whendoes having more ___65___ to add noticeably to human satisfaction?51. A. natural B. spiritual C. culturalD. actual52. A. promising B. promoting C. fallingD. increasing53. A. proved B. returned C. respondedD. persevered54. A. values B. moralities C. identitiesD. problems55. A. qualified B. unmatched C. comparedD. unprocessed56. A. happens B. manages C. startsD. threatens57. A. mixed B. detected C. countedD. terrified58. A. promoted B. sacrificed C. satisfiedD. relieved59. A. improving B. neglecting C. sponsoringD. misleading60. A. fruitlessly B. successfully C. occasionally D. eagerly61. A. As a result B. For instance C. Of courseD. From then on62. A. solution B. pollution C. consideration D. contribution63. A. attraction B. rubbish C. homelandD. desert64. A. construction B. destruction C. development D. improvement65. A. remain B. occur C. ceaseD. happenSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in their place loosel relationships with passing acquaintances(相识之人). However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet citydwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity(多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditionalkinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.66. According to the paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________.A) tended to acqaint themselves with people passing byB) could not develop very close relationships wth othersC) bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relativesD) usually had more friends than small-town residents67. One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents__________ .A. suffer fron the lack of friendshipB. lower the quality of relationshipsC. show little concern for other peopleD. become suspicious of each other68.We can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is,__________A) the more open-minded people are B. the moresimilar its interests isC) the more likely it it to display stress D) the better its quality of life is69. What is the passage mainly about?A. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small townsB. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and townsC The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society.D The strong feeling of alienation that city inhabitants are suffering.(B)TRAIN TRAVEL INFORMATIONWe offer several distinct options for you to choose theticket that suits you best.Only one discount may apply to each fare.CHANGES AND REFUNDSTickets may be refunded not later 5 minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of the ticket price, or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price. (Not applicable to same dayreturns.)CHANGES FOR SAME DAY TRAVELYou may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket. INFORMATION OF INTEREST TO TRAVELLERSWhen you buy your ticket, it is up to you to check that the dates and time of the journey on it are exactly as you requested.Tickets control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before departure of the train.Each traveler may take one suitcase and one item of hand luggage. You may also check in 15kgs of luggage not later than 30 minutes before departure, at no extra charge.If you would like to charter a train, or make reservations for over 25 passengers traveling together, call the Sales Department.OUR TIMETABLE IS GUARANTEEDIf the arrival of your train at you destination is delayed by more than 5 minutes according to the timetable, we will refund the full price of your ticket if the delay is caused by our company.70.How much will a passenger pay if he wants to alter his ticket to three days later?A.25% of the original priceB.20% of the original priceC.15% of the original priceD.10% of the original price71.The limit of luggage for a single passenger is .A.One suitcase, one handbag and one 15kgs check-in luggageB.One handbag, two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.C.One handbag and two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.D.One suitcase, one handbag and one 30kgs check-in luggage.72.What does the Train Company guarantee?A.Students,children,senior citizens and groups can get 25% discount of the original price.B.Passengers get the full price of the tickets back if the train if delayed over five minutes.C.Same-day-returns can be fully refunded if they are canceled two minutes before departure.D.People with Globe-trotter tickets can take any kind of the discounts listed in the brochure.(C)How do predators (猎食动物) affect populations of the prey (猎物) animals? The answer is not as simple as might be thought. The Moose(麋鹿) reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and bred freely there in isolation without predators. When wolves later reached the island, naturalists widely assumed that the wolves would play a key role in controlling the moose population. Careful studies have demonstrated, however, that this is not the case. The wolves eat mostly old or diseased animals that would not survive long anyway. In general, the moose population is controlled by food availability, disease and other factors rather than by wolves.When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions, the predator often wipes out its prey and then becomes extinct itself. However, if safe areas likethose prey animals have in the wild are provided, the prey population drops to low level but not extinction. Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators, causing the predator population to decrease. When this occurs, the prey population can rebound. In this situation the predator and prey population may continue in this cyclical pattern for some time.Population cycles are characteristic of small mammals, and they sometimes appear to be brought about by predators. Ecologists studying hare populations have found that the North American snowshoe hare follows a roughly ten-year cycle. Its numbers fall tenfold to thirty in a typical cycle, and a hundredfold change can occur. Two factors appear to be generating the cycle: food plants and predators.The preferred foods of snowshoe hares are tender willow branches. As the hare population increases, the quantity of these branches decreases, forcing the hares to feed on low-quality high-fiber food. Lower birth rates and low growth rates follow, so there is a corresponding decline in hare abundance. Once the hare population has declined, it takes two to three year for the quantity of branches torecover.A key predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx. The Canada lynx shows a ten-year cycle of abundance(大量) that parallels the abundance cycle of hares. As hare numbers fall, so do lynx numbers, as their food supply decreased.Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species. Without predators, the species that is the best competitor for food, shelter, and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes. This phenomenon is known as “competitor exclusion”. However, if the community contains a predator of the strongest competitor species, then the population of that competitor is controlled. Thus even the less competitive species are able to survive. From the stand point of diversity(多样性), it is usually a mistake to eliminate a major predator from a community.73.The author uses the example of the moose and wolves on Isle Royale to _________________.A. provide evidence that predators influence preypopulationsB. question the belief in the effect of predators on prey populationsC. demonstrate predator population grows faster than that of the preyD. prove that studies of isolated populations tend to be useful74.The word “rebound”in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.A. ReactB. ResistC. RemainD. Recover75.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Laboratory results can’t explain the changes in predator and prey populations of the wild.B. The growth of hare population may lead to a corresponding increase in its birth rates.C. The experimental environments can promote the growth of predator and prey populations.D. The existence of a major predator in a community is a threat to the diversity of species.76.What can we conclude from the passage about the cycle of the Canada lynx?A. When hare numbers decrease, lynx numbers increase.B. It has a great effect on the number of snowshoe hare.C. It closely follows the cycle of the snowshoe hare.D. It is not directly related to the availability of lynx food.77.What is the best title of this passage?A. What role predators play in keeping competitor species.B. Whether predators have an impact on prey populations.C. A study of the populations of the predator and prey animals.D. Contributing factors of the changes in animal populations.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possiblewords.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the mostmagnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.Courage is a quality we cherish. Yet only lately has it been studied systematically to try to define what it is and is not, where it comes from and why we love it so much. "Courage helps to define the excellent person," write George Kateb, a political theorist at Princeton University. "One of the worst criticism in the world is to be called a coward, a quite timid person."For many people, courage is most readily displayed in battle; for example, the brave soldier running into the line of fire to rescue the injured.Yet George Kateb says that if courage finds its highest expression in war, then the trait (特性) becomes immoral, ennobling killing by insisting that only in battle can people discover the depths of their nobility. Thus, it makes killing a noble thing.Stanley J Rachman of the University of British Columbia studies paratroopers (伞兵) preparing for their first jump. The work revealed three different groups: the fearless who jumped without hesitation; the timid whose fear kept them from jumping; and finally, the ones who reacted physiologically like the timid but acted like the fearless leaper, and jumped.Rachman considered the final group courageous, defining courage as "a behavioral approach in spite of the experience of fear". Thus, courage becomes the property of anyone who does something that he or she fears.In interviewing 320 children aged from 8 to 13, Peter Muris of Erasmus University, Rotterdam, of the Netherlands and his colleagues found that children also consider courage as the conquering of one's fears; and more than 70% claimed they had performed brave acts, including stealing money from one's mother's purse.Joel Berger, a biologist with the Wildlife Conservation Society in Montana, US, also distinguishes between animals that behave bravely due to a lack of awareness and experience, and those that are aware of a danger but proceed anyway.He recalled the time he and his colleagues had cornered a young bison (野牛) to take blood samples. At that time, an adult male bison was standing guard, refusing to let the scientists approach. "He knew that he could be attacked by us," said Berger. "I'd call this a courageous, even heroic act."78.What does George Kateb think of courage?79.Why did Rachman think that the third group were courageous?80.Peter Muris found that most children demonstrated their courage _________________________________________ .81.The writer uses the example of an adult bison to . (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 人们越来越依赖互联网。

【高三英语试题精选】2018上海市普陀区高三物理下学期质量调研(二模)试卷(附答案)

2018上海市普陀区高三物理下学期质量调研（二模）试卷
（附答案）
12小题，每小题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）
1．由核反应产生，且属于电磁波的射线是（）
（A）α射线（B）γ射线（C）X射线（D）阴极射线
2一颗恒星的寿命取决于它的（）
（A）温度（B）颜色（C）质量（D）体积
2．白光通过双缝后产生的干涉条纹是彩色的，其原因是不同色光的（）
（A）频率不同（B）强度不同（C）振动方向不同（D）传播速度不同
3．关于布朗运动，下列说法中正确的是（）
（A）液体分子的无规则运动就是布朗运动
（B）布朗运动的激烈程度跟温度无关
（C）布朗运动是悬浮在液体中的固体颗粒不断地受到液体分子的撞击而引起的
（D）悬浮在液体中固体颗粒越大，在某一瞬时撞击它的分子数越多，布朗运动越明显
4．某教室墙上有一朝南的钢窗，当把钢窗左侧向外推开时，下列说法正确的是（）
（A）穿过窗户的地磁场的磁通量变大
（B）穿过窗户的地磁场的磁通量不变
（C）从推窗人的角度看，窗框中的感应电流方向是逆时针
（D）从推窗人的角度看，窗框中的感应电流方向是顺时针
5．如图，倾斜的天花板上有一物块，该物块在竖直向上的恒力F作用下恰好能沿天花板匀速上升，下列说法中正确的是（）（A）物块一定受两个力的作用
（B）物块一定受三个力的作用。

上海市普陀区2018届高三二模语文考试试题+Word版含解析

2018年普陀区高三二模语文试卷（时间150分钟，满分150分） 2018.4一、积累运用（10分）1. 按题目要求填空。

（1）________________________，身登青云梯。

（李白《梦游天姥吟留别》）（2）吾尝跻而望矣，__________________。

（《______·劝学》）（3）人们经常用《兰亭集序》中的“____________，____________”来形容当代各类聚会活动的盛况。

【答案】 (1). 脚著谢公屐 (2). 不如登高之博见也 (3). 荀子 (4). 群贤毕至 (5). 少长咸集【解析】试题分析：本题考查名句名篇默写能力，采用的是上下句填空式默写和情景式默写相结合的题型，解答时既要注意所给句子的出处及作者，还要注意题干中给出的上句或下句，仔细回忆自己背诵的相关内容，准确书写出答案。

本题还要注意下列字的正确写法：著、屐、博、荀、贤、咸。

点睛：本题考查“名篇名句”的默写能力。

从历年高考题来看，名篇名句考查的内容基本上诗词文兼顾，立足课内，也涉及少量课外名句。

从考查的倾向来看，主要是富有教育意义和警策作用的哲理句。

所考的名句，有一定的迷惑性，因此提倡考生备考中首先要在理解的基础上记忆，然后要立足于“写”，避免会背不会写的情况。

2. 按题目要求选择。

小明读书总是不求甚解，浏览一遍便抛诸脑后。

老师想用一句话来劝解他，以下句子合适的一项是（）A. 书卷多情似故人，晨昏忧乐每相亲。

B. 旧书不厌百回读，熟读精思子自知。

C. 立志宜思真品格，读书须尽苦功夫。

D. 操千曲而后晓声，观千剑而后识器。

【答案】B【解析】试题分析：小明读书不求甚解，题干要求选出老师用来劝解小明的话，也就是说要找出能够劝小明熟读细读的诗句。

B项，“旧书不厌百回读，熟读精思子自知”，强调的是“熟读精思”，符合题干要求。

A项，“书卷多情似故人，晨昏忧乐每相亲”，说的是要把书籍当作多年的朋友，无论清晨还是傍晚忧愁还是快乐总与它的相伴；C项，“立志宜思真品格，读书须尽苦功夫”，说的是立志的时候要考虑自己到底是什么样的人，读书的时候必须下尽苦功；D项，“操千曲而后晓声，观千剑而后识器”，意思是形容练习很多支乐曲之后才能懂得音乐，观察过很多柄剑之后才懂得如何识别剑器。

上海市嘉定区2018届高三下学期教学质量调研(二模)英语试题(无听力)教案资料

2018嘉定区高考英语二模2018.4II. Grammar and VocabularySection AStephen Hawking: Science’s Brightest StarHis family released a statement in the early hours of Wednesday morning confirming his death at his home in Cambridge.Hawking’s children, Lucy, Robert and Tim, said in a statement: “We are deeply saddened that our beloved father passed away today. He was a great scientist and an extraordinary man (21)______ work and legacy will live on for many years.”For fellow scienti sts and loved ones, it was Hawking’s intuition and wicked sense of humor(22)______ marked him out as much as the fierce intellect that, coupled with his illness, came to symbolize(23)______ unbounded possibilities of the human mind.Hawking was driven to Wagner, but not the bottle, when he (24)______ (diagnose) with motor neurone disease in 1963 at the age of 21. Doctors expected him (25)______ (live) for only two more years. But Hawking had a form of the disease that progressed more slowly than usual. He survived for more than half a century.Hawking once estimated he worked only 1,000 hours during his three undergraduate years at Oxford. In his finals, he came close (26)______ a first- and second-class degree. (27)______ (convince) that he was seen as a difficult student, he told his examiners that if they gave him a first he would move to Cambridge to pursue his phD. Award a second and he threatened to stay. They opted for a first.Those who live in the shadow of death are often those who live most. For Hawking, the early diagnosis of his terminal disease, and (28)______ (witness) the death from leukemia of a boy he knew in hospital, aroused a fresh sense of purpose. “(29)______ there was a cloud hanging over my future, I found, to my surprise, that I was enjoying life in the present more than before. I began to make progress with my research,” he once said. Taking up his career in earnest, he declared: “My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is (30)______ it is and wh y it exists at all.”Section BA. analysisB. usuallyC. assuresD. poursE. developmentF. necessaryG. cloudy H. absent I. cultivate J. allow K. extremelyHe is kindlyThe other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to __31__ himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife __32__ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our younger novelists he finds it __33__ to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still __34__ light-hearted.I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire(讽刺). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness ofconception and __35__ of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will __36__.Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he __37__ great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist’s book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful __38__.Just what he will write in the future remains __39__. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be __40__ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AStandards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效) Quality teaching depends on not just teacher’s knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work __41__ with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their __42__.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the __43__ of each aspect of their work –a practice reinforced by their accreditation(评定) requirements, - schools must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school __44__, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms, __45__ samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences, __46__ looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make __47__ about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力) for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the __48__ and comparability of school-based assessments (as in England and Australia), as well as school’s internal assessment and evaluation process (as in Hong Kong).In most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and support s, as well as students’ __49__ and progress on a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social __50__, the acquisition of workplace skills and the __51__ to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a __52__ lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and __53__. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert __54__ and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may beplaced under local government control and could be __55__ if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. consistence C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. healthy C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downSection B(A)Eye Scan Technology Comes to SchoolsABC News: Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jersey district now can submit to iris(虹膜) scans, as the technology that helps keep our nation’s airports and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.The Freehold Borough School District launched this high-tech security system on Monday with funding from the Department of Justice as part of a study on the system’s effectiveness. As many as four adults can be authorized to pick up each child in the district, but in order to be authorized to come into school, they will be asked to register with the district’s iris recognition security and visitor management system. At this point, the NewJersey program is not a must.If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the system causes an alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just seconds.This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12,000 subscribers who pay $79.95 for the convenience of submitting to iris scans rather than going through lengthy security checks.An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint because it records 240 unique details —far more than the seven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1.44 trillion if you scan both eyes. Phil Meara, the Freehold District official, said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection. “This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jersey, on school safety,” he said. “We cho se this school because we were looking for a typical slightly urban school to launch the system.”When picking up a child, the adult provides a driver ’s license and then submits to an eye scan. If the iris image camera recognizes his or her eyes, the door clicks open.Meara applied for a $369,000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1,500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have registered for the eye scan system.56. Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the eye scan security system?A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.B. To encourage more students to register in New Jersey urban schools.C. To test the effectiveness of school security and management system.D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.57. What makes the eye san system more accurate than the fingerprint system?A. Processing the data of the authorized people faster.B. Identifying the data of the adults to pick up children.C. Submitting the data of the authorized people conveniently.D. Providing far more unique details of the authorized ones.58. How does Phil Meara help to protect the safety of children?A. By asking people to register with the security system.B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.C. By asking the department of justice to fund this program.D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help.59. The eye scan system can be best described as ______.A. safe and cheapB. portable and usefulC. smart and accurateD. popular and helpful(B)Senior Manager Major Gift Fundraising & Special ProjectsBlind Veterans UK is the national charity helping blind ex-service men and women lead independent and fulfilling lives. We offer blind veterans access to the highest quality of services to help them discover life beyond sight loss. We have an exciting opportunity for an innovative and resourceful individual to join our Partnerships team based at our headquarters in London. The team focuses on securing donations from HNWIs, Trusts and Companies. This role focuses on securing support from HNWIs. The special projects aspect of the role relates to annual activities that offer an opportunity to develop relationships with the target audience.We are looking for an experienced individual with a sound track record in the following areas:●Identifying prospects with the capacity and tendency to support●Developing and implementing cultivation and marketing strategies●Managing a document of current as well as prospective major donors●Planning and driving peer to peer fundraising●Organizing promotion events●Delivering against a personal target and team targetsThe successful candidate will also have some people management experience and an expert in major gift fundraising processes will be considered as priority.In return for your talent, we offer competitive conditions of service and a conducive environment. To apply, please send your up to date CV and Supporting Statement of not more than 500 words to Recruitment.Ldn@, outlining how your skills and experience meet the person specification.Interview date: Week starting from 26 March 2018Please note only applicants who submit a CV with a supporting statement will be considered.Due to the high number of enquiries and applications we receive for our vacancies we don’t acknowledge each one –if you haven’t heard from us within a week of the closing date, please assume that we won’t be inviting you for an interview. You are, of course, welcome to try again if a suitable post comes up. We are unable to provide feedback to candidates not shortlisted for interview.60. The passage is mainly written to ______.A. invite people to join the fundraising eventsB. seek the right person to be Senior ManagerC. inform the blind veterans of money serviceD. attract the interest of potential donors61. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?A. The application fails if one isn’t informed before 26 March.B. The application should include a lengthy personal statement.C. All the applicants will receive an invitation before interview.D. The applicants should send his application when he is free.62. What experience is most likely to help a candidate stand out?A. People management experience.B. Annul activities experience.C. Peer to peer fundraising experience.D. Large-scale fundraising experience.(C)As businesses and governments have struggled to understand the so-called millennials—born between roughly 1980 and 2000—one frequent conclusion has been that they have a unique love of cities. A deep-seated preference for night life and subways, the thinking goes, has driven the prosperity of urban cores across the U.S. over the last decade-plus.But there’s mounting evidence that millennials’ love of cities was only a passing fling(放纵). Millennials don’t love cities any more than previous generations.The latest argument comes from Dowell Myers, an urban planning professor at USC. As they age, says Myers, millennials’ presence in cities, will “be evaporating…through our fingers, if we don’t make some plans now.” That’s because millennials’ preference for cities will fade as they start families and become more established in their careers.It’s about more than aging, though. Demographer William Frey has been arguing f or years that millennials have become ‘stuck’ in cities by the 2008 downturn and the following slow recovery, with poor job prospects and declining wages making it harder for them to afford to buy homes in suburbia.Myers, too, says observers have confuse d young people’s presence in cities with a preference for cities. Survey data shows that more millennials would like to be living in the suburbs than actually are. But thenormal career and family cycles moving young people from cities into suburban houses have become, in Myers’ words, “a plugged up drain.”But unemployment has finally returned to healthy lows (though participation rates and wages are still largely depressing), which Myers says should finally increase mobility for millennials.Other trends among millennials, supposedly matters of lifestyle preference, have already turned out to have been driven mostly by economics. What was once considered their broad preference for public transit may have always been a now-reversing inability to afford cars. Even decades-long trends towards marrying later have been stressed as today’s young people struggle for financial stability.Investors are already taking the idea that millennials will return to old behavior patterns seriously, putting more money into auto manufacturers and developers. But urban lifestyles, up to and including trendy bars, aren’t just modern—they’re a part of what powers a city’s economic engines, bringing people together to explore new ideas, create companies, and build careers.From the 1960s to the 1990s, we saw that suburbanization also means an economic and social hollowing out for cities. Now that the economic restrictions are coming off today’s young city residents, cities that want to stay vibrant have to figure out how to convince them—and their growing families—to stick around.63. Over the last decade, what is thought to have ensured the prosperity of the city?A. Fast economic development.B. Around-the-clock club services.C. Convenient public transport.D. Well-established careers.64. Why are Millennials about to leave city?A. It is too expensive for them to buy apartment in cities.B. They find it difficult for to seek a good job in cities.C. It is easier to get married moving to the suburban.D. They are more confident with their economic situation.65. What does the author mean quoting Myer’s “a plugged up drain”(para 5)?A. Millennials are reluctant to leave attractive cities.B. Millennials are stopped from moving to the suburbs.C. Millennials are unwilling to be cut off from the suburban.D. Millennials are afraid of another economic decline.66. How does the author feel about the suburbanization?A. sign of stable finance.B. A growth of health issues.C. A conflict of new ideas.D. A loss of modern life.Section CA. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts.B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade.C. In ancient Greek myths, Minoan society was quite prosperous and highly civilized.D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture.E. Minoan culture didn’t exist before until Arthur Evans discovered the palace under the earth.F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears to list trade accounts.The Minoans: A Forgotten PeopleThe first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years,knowledge of these people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19th century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace. Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, a central figure in many Greek myths.____67____ With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records, These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade. ____68_____ These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society. ____69____ Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor(装饰品). ____70_____The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.IV. Summary WritingThe Conflict of the OrdersThe types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over time. These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights. The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders.In the early republic, Romans were divided into two classes of people: patricians and plebeians. Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government. As nobles, they inherited their power. Plebeians, who made up most of the population, were mainly farmers and workers. For many years, plebeians had few rights. They could vote, but they were barred from holding most public offices. Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down. In court, a judge stated and applied the law, but only patricians served as judges.Over time, plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes. They gained the right to join the army, hold government office, form their own assembly, and elect leaders. In one of their greatest victories, they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic. In about 450, B.C. the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables. The laws were placed in the Forum, the chief public square, for all to view.The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B.C. After 342 B.C., a plebeian always held one of the consul positions. By about 300 B.C. many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility. From that time on, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not a important. Membership in the nobility was still very important, however, since government officials were not paid a salary, only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office. Thus, the nobles still controlled the republic.V. Translation72. 他在会议上提出的建议值得三思。

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