2018年英语一轮复习每日一题(第20周)完形填空夹说明文(含解析)
完形填空夹说明文高考频度：★★★☆☆难易程度：★★★★☆（2016·上海卷）In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the now famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, __53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making — all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment(授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: __60__ the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation(委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degreeD. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. howeverD. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. belowD. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managingD. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. objectD. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. westernD. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-dayD. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论——授权管理及其作用。
55. C 【解析】根据前段可知本文讨论的是管理学的理论，此处是说，不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。
故C项正确。
56. B 【解析】refer to提到，谈到；contribute to做贡献，导致；object to反对；applyto适用于。
此处是说，亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程作出自己的贡献。
故B项正确。
57. A 【解析】agreement同意；practice练习，做法；election选举；impression印象。
此处是说，亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同协商的基础上的，西方人也想模仿这样的管理方法。
故A项正确。
58. D 【解析】根据前半句＂....women will become more effective managers thanmen....＂可知有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效，因为女性更有亲和力，比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。
故D项正确。
59. A 【解析】根据前句＂... encourage employees to use their own initiative... ＂（鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神），也就是说在作出决定的时候不用先请示上级经理。
故A项正确。
60. C 【解析】根据＂the trend towards downsizing＂（缩小规模的趋势）可知，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接作出决定而不需要请示上级，故动词＂reduce减少＂符合语境。
63. D 【解析】deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保。
授权管理是一种新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。
根据句意可知D正确。
64. A 【解析】virtual虚拟的；ineffective无效果的，低效率的；day-to-day日常的；on-the-scene现场的。
根据后句where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses可知在这种新型的管理方法中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这是一种新型通过虚拟网络进行管理的方法。
故A项正确。
65. C 【解析】opinion观点；risk冒险；performance表现；attractiveness魅力。
根据后半句＂in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them＂可知我们评价员工的表现是根据他们的产品，而不是他们的工作时间。
故C项正确。
说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。
理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系以及选择正确答案具有重要意义。
3. 文体特点说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。
4. 条理清楚说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序等来说明事物或事理。
解答这类题目要遵循下列原则：1. 明白说明对象文章的首句一般就明确了说明对象。
对文章要进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。
2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题20 议论文和说明文类 含答案
专题二十完形填空之议论文和说明文类1.【2015·广东】完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay已经不适合现在的形势了.dividing line分界线，故选D.7.C考查名词及语境的理解.句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落.stress 压力，压迫；damage 损坏；decline 衰落，衰弱；failure失败.根据句意可知，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C.8.A考查动词及语境的理解.句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来.survive 幸存；enjoy 喜欢，欣赏；remember 记得；value价值，估价.根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care 可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A.9.D考查名词及语境的理解.句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病.problems 问题；fears 恐惧，害怕；worries 担心；diseases 疾病.根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低.故选D.10.B考查形容词及语境的理解.句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理.poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的.根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去.故选B.11.A考查名词及语境的理解.句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响.changes 改变；recovery 恢复；safety 安全；increases 增长，增加.根据下文中Some people fear such changes will…可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A.12.B考查名词及语境的理解.句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难.dreams 梦想；chances 机会；strengths 力量；choices 选择.根据句意可知，这句话中的while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B.13.A考查名词及语境的理解.句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻.mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement移动.根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A.14.C考查名词及语境的理解.句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献.protection 保护；suggestions 建议；contributions 贡献；permission允许.根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C.15.D考查动词及语境的理解.句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神.sound 听起来；appear 好像；出现；turn 转，变成；stay保持.根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献.故应选D. 【考点定位】社会现象类短文.【名师点睛】这篇短文是一篇议论文，讨论了人类寿命增加这个话题，主要考查学生名词、形容词、动词、副词等实词在具体语言环境下的使用和词义辨析，同时考查学生的语篇理解的能力.学生要在理解短文大意的基础上，对每个题目中设置的选项进行辨析，同时还需要注意上下文的暗示，选出最符合文意的一项.2.【2015·重庆】BImagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are 29 jet lag（时差反应）.Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31.For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological block to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱）can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness.28. A. flight B. change C. demand D. climate29. A. suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to30. A. danger B. problem C. waste D. fear31. A. briefly B. slowly C. suddenly D. effectively32. A. checking B. sending C. adjusting D. stopping33. A. awake B. alone C. hungry D. calm34. A. though B. so C. whole D. or35. A. understanding B. cycle C. research D. trend【解析】试题分析：本文讲述在旅行中如何调整你的生物钟.28.B 考查名词辨析.A flight航班； B change变化； C demand要求； D climate气候；句意：慢慢地对于变化做出反应，你的生物钟就要混淆.根据语境可知本文是关于对于时差的反应，故选B项.29.A 考查动词短语辨析 suffer from 遭受战争破坏的 work on 从事于；look into调查；lead to 导致；根据时区的变化可知很明显会导致时间反应，故选A项.30.B 考查名词辨析.Adange 危险性 B problem 问题在于 C waste浪费者 D fear恐惧；句意：游客会用药片和酒精来处理这个问题.根据语境可知对待时差的问题，故选B项.31.D 考查副词辨析.A briefly 简洁地址 B slowly慢慢地址 C suddenly 突然地址 D effectively有效地；句意：这有几种健康的方法，并且很有效.根据语境可知选D项.32.C 考查动词辨析.A checking 检查员 B sending送到 C adjusting 调整结构 D stopping停止播送句意：比如，在上飞机前，开始调整你的生物钟到你的目的的的时间.Adjust to 把..调整到，，故选C项.33.A 考查形容词辨析.A awake B alone C hungry D calm句意：如果是白天到目的地，试着保持清醒.Stay awake保持清醒，故选A项.34.D 考查连词辨析.A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则；句意：在这种情况下，提前吃饭，否则，空腹会让阻止你睡.Or表示转折，故选D项.35.B 考查名词辨析.A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈； C research 研究；D trend趋势；句意：这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟.根据语境可知选B项.【考点定位】日常生活类短文【名师点睛】本篇完形从日常生活中的细节入手，根据常识能够得出答案如28，33空.29和31根据语境得出答案，做此类题目时，考生可以先根据选项来阅读文章，认真筛选甄别，这样有的放矢，大大提高阅读的效率，不可盲目地跟着感觉来进行解读，文中的每句话都有其出现的意义，上下文的联系是十分重要的.3.Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists.51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gatherin g wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationshipthey were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating【解析】试题分析：古代和现代的人追求不同，现代人追求的是爱，但是科学家依然对爱还不是很清楚.51. A 考查副词以及对语境的理解 Instead 意为相反，Therefore意为因此， Moreover 意为此外， Otherwise 意为否则.观察空格前后的句式结构，可以前面用的是you would not detect … ,后面用的是you would see ，使用的动词不同，结构相同.由于前面有not，后面没有，所以可知此处表达为意思相反，所以答案为A.52. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 romantic 意为浪漫的，stressful 意为压力的，central 意为中心的，artificial 意为人工的.根据上一句话“life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting”及本句的“In modern times, finding love is ”，分析语境，知道这两个句子是把古代和现代的情况进行对比.前一句用了center ,后一句用central, 两者的关系是同根重现.53. B 考查名词以及对语境的理解 priority 意为优先权，proof 意为证明，possibility 意为可能性，principle 意为原则.后两句的意思是：很容易准备一系列的有关爱的现代故事.在当前的流行文化中，无数的故事和电影归类为爱情故事.根据这两句，的意思，结合上下文语境可知道本句的意思就是有很多证明的例子，所以答案为proof. 54. D 考查动词以及对语境的理解 tested 意为测试，imposed意为强加，changed 意为改变，created 意为创造.根据本段的最后一句话“One thing is certain: The tru th about love is not yet set in stone.确定了一件事情是：爱的真理还不确定”可以知道科学家研究的是爱是否能够创造，而不应该是测试，改变或者是强加.其中set in stone 就像中文里说的“板上钉钉”，表示绝对不变.55. C 考查名词以及对语境的理解 appearances 意为外表，virtues 意为美德，similarities意为相似，passions 意为激情.根据划线部分前面的连词but 可以判断前后是转折的意思，而opposites意为相反的，所以答案为相似的.56. C 考查名词以及对语境的理解 illustrations 意为说明，implications 意为含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响，ingredients 意为成分，intentions 意为意图，目的.根据小标题First Impression （第一印象）以及后面所描述的实验方法、内容和结果，可以知道实验的目的是决定吸引力的成分.57. A 考查动词以及对语境的理解 predict 意为预测，investigate 意为调查，diagnose 意为诊断， recall 意为回忆.根据58题后面的judgment (判断)，可以知道此处的答案应该是和判断同义的词.又根据该句后面的句子“after nine weeks, they reported what happened.9周之后，报道发生了什么事情？”可以知道这一些是还没有发生的事情，也就是预测到的东西.58. B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 critical 意为批评的，initial 意为原始的，random 意为随意的，mature 意为成熟的.根据第57题预测的东西，那么预测的东西相对而言就是原始的，最初的判断.59. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解 memorize 意为记忆，distinguish 意为区别，negotiate 意为谈判， question意为疑问.根据前一句话的意思“结果证明他们最初的判断是正确的”，该句要表达的意思和前一句相同，也就是说“学生似乎能够在早期区别适合他们的生活人”.65. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 familiar 意为熟悉，plain 意为普通的，positive 意为积极的， irritating 意为无礼的.根据最后一句的表达“Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.看一些吸引力的事情似乎能够导致快乐的思考.”不能得出答案的表达应该是一种快乐思考，所以答案为positive积极的. 【考点定位】这是一篇说明文，阐述什么是爱？【名师点睛】这是一篇说明文，没有生词，主要是考查上下文理解和单词理解.需要正确理解4个单词的选项，尤其要注意一些一词多义的地方，如test, open, question.也要注意题目与题目直接的关系，如58题和59题；要关注小标题以及段落的开头和结尾.结合上下文，留意那些涉及到重现的题目.。
2018高考英语一轮完形填空复习15题有解析
2018高考英语一轮完形填空复习15题有解析2018高考英语一轮完形填空复习15题有解析1(2017届河南省郑州市第四中学高三上学期第三次调考)My name is Margaret. I have been a professional 16 for twenty years. I’m always 17 how sorrow and pain can bring such wonderful gifts as wisdom, patience and love. 18 , we often get so caught up in the daily necessities and routines that we 19 the very things that can bring us 20 and teach us many valuable lessons.I was hired to 21 a very special lady. I was to prepare meals for her, make sure she took her medicine22 , do light ho usekeeping, and provide transportation to and from the market and her doctor’s appointments. All of these 23 were important and necessary so that she could remain 24 . Our focus was just that - 25 her to remain living independently.It was on a cold rainy night. She turned her little head and smelt her pillow after she had 26 got into bed. I observed tears running from her eyes. She said, “It’s been such a long time since I’ve had 27 sheets; I love the 28 of fresh clean sheets. I c ouldn’t 29 the sheets myself anymore. Thank you so much for changing my sheets. ”Such a simple 30 as smelling clean sheets brought such great joy to her life. That was the day I 31 unconditional care. The next day we sat down and 32 what was important to her, what she liked, and how she had done things all these years. I never knew how much I would enjoy and learn from her 33 her life experiences with me. She was the sunshine in my life.I’m so 34 for the le ssons I have learned - the lessons I almost 35 because I forgot to slow down to look and see the beauty that was right in front of me.16．A. teacher B. doctorC. coachD. caregiver17．A. worried B. confusedC. amazedD. interested18．A. However B. ThereforeC. BesidesD. Though19．A. value B. admireC. acquireD. ignore20．A. wisdom B. joyC. knowledgeD. wealth 21．A. care for B. look forC. call upD. pick up 22．A. constantly B. happilyC. properlyD. immediately 23．A. lessons B. tasksC. mealsD. gifts24．A. calm B. confidentC. comfortableD. independent 25．A. helping B. forcingC. persuadingD. advising 26．A. also B. evenC. stillD. just 27．A. new B. cleanC. expensiveD. beautiful 28．A. style B. sizeC. smellD. color 29．A. make B. repairC. changeD. buy 30．A. pleasure B. successC. offerD. desire 31．A. needed B. learnedC. tookD. got32．A. dealt with B. took upC. carried outD. talked about 33．A. sharing B. comparingC. discussingD. recalling 34．A. famous B. sorryC. anxiousD. thankful35．A. accepted B. missedC. understoodD. gained【文章大意】本文讲述了我在照顾一位老人的时候，发现一份干净的床单就让这位老人非常开心。
2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)
2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course，called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars？ More than that， I’d always wanted to learn chess。
And， even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me。
He was an international grand master， which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he madeit 49 that our credits would be hard—earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria，we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 。
2018年英语一轮复习每日一题(第20周)完形填空夹议论文(含解析)
完形填空夹议论文高考频度：★★★☆☆难易程度：★★★★☆As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 9 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 10 but are soon looking forward to 11 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 12 , who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 13 drove for hours at a time when they first 14 their driver’s licenses(执照)? Before people retire, they usually 15 to do a lot of 16 things, which they never had 17 to do while working. But 18 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 19 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 20 .1. A. principle B. habit C. wayD. power2. A. parties B. races C. countriesD. ages3. A. working B. living C. playingD. going4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxietyD. sorrow5. A. same B. extra C. funnyD. expensive6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collectedD. half-filled7. A. broad B. passing C. differentD. main8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladlyD. worriedly9. A. promise B. burden C. rightD. game10. A. courage B. calmness C. confusionD. excitement11. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibilityD. success12. A. children B. students C. adultsD. retirees13. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervouslyD. bravely14. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered15. A. need B. learn C. startD. plan16. A. great B. strange C. difficultD. correct17. A. time B. money C. skillsD. knowledge18. A. only B. well C. even D. soon19. A. lost B. chose C. leftD. quit20. A. pets B. toys C. friendsD. colleagues【文章大意】本文通过举例说明这样一个道理：各种形式的活动，如果人们经常做，都会产生厌倦情绪。
2018年高考英语一轮复习每日一题第20周每周一测含解析
每周一测Ⅰ.完形填空阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A marine biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then released several small bait fish into the tank. The result met your 1 , the shark quickly swam across the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish.The biologist then 2 a strong piece of fiberglass into the tank, creating two 3 parts. She then put the shark on one side of the 4 fiberglass and a new set of bait fish on the other. 5 , the shark quickly attacked. But this time, the shark 6 because it knocked hard against the fiberglass 7 . Determined, the shark kept 8 this behavior every few minutes, but 9 . Meanwhile, the bait fish swam around 10 in the second part. Eventually, the shark 11 hope of hunting. This experiment was carried out several times. Each time, the shark got less 12 and made fewer attempts to attack the fish, until it 13 hitting the fiberglass and simply stopped attacking. The biologist then 34 the fiberglass, but the shark didn’t attack. The shark was t rained to believe a 15 existed between it and the bait fish, 16 the bait fish could swim wherever they wished, free from harm.Many of us, after experiencing setbacks and failures, 17 give up and stop trying. Like the shark in the story, we believe that 18 we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful. 19 , even when no ＂real＂ obstacle exists between where we are and where we want to go, we 20 see obstacles in our heads.1.A.demands B. expectations C. schedulesD. requirements2.A.changed B. added C. insertedD. crashed3.A.separate B. opposite C. connectedD. relevant4.A.delicate B. hidden C. transparentD. flexible5.A.Yet B. Meanwhile C. InsteadD. Again6.A.bounced B. paused C. withdrewD. leapt7.A.trapper B. catcher C. testerD. divider8.A.accomplishing B. repeating C. copyingD. strengthening9.A.in order B.in vain C.in secretD.in pain10.A.unaccustomed B. unchallenged C. unharmedD. unnoticed11.A.divorced B. declined C. raisedD. abandoned12.A.blind B. aggressive C. alert D. arbitrary13.A.got occupied with B. got involved in C. got tired ofD. got used to14.A.readjusted B. restored C. replaced D. removed15.A.barrier B. distance C. gap D. distinction16.A.so B. but C.as D. for17.A.readily B. intentionally C. emotionallyD. physically18.A.because B. though C. unlessD. while19.A.Above all B. In other words C.As a result D. In conclusion20.A.abruptly B. constantly C. eventuallyD. occasionallyII.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
河北省 2018届高考英语复习：说明类完形填空学案 Word版含答案
说明类完形填空说明文一般用言简意赅的文字，按照一定的方法介绍事物，解释事理。
其最显著的特点是:开头点题，结构条理清晰。
考生做题的关键在于理清文章结构，把握全文大意。
常见、常考的说明文集中在阐述事理、方法（步骤）介绍，产品说明、实验报告、科普小品等。
这类文章主要的特点：1. 开头点题2. 篇章的条理清晰、层次分明说明文层次分明，脉落清晰，有条有理。
大多数完形填空的说明文是按因果关系进行说明，有的按先主后次的顺序进行说明，有的先概述后举例，有的先举例后概述，也有的按事情的逻辑关系来展开。
题例( 2013广东卷）Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 ，experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 .However, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a bird's 6 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 .He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 .It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow.How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in thisworld, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crow's.1. A. rise B. pattern C. change D. trend2. A. Importantly B. Surprisingly C. Disappointedly D. Fortunately3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice4. A. generally B. sincerely C. casually D. deliberately 5．A. distance B. range C. different D. interval 6．A. amazing B. annoying C. satisfying D. disturbing7. A. relax B. recover C. react D. return8. A. appointment B. excuse C. idea D. explanation9. A. fool B. hurt C. catch D. kill10.A. report B. repeated C. designed D. approved11.A. confused B. gone C. tired D. drunk12.A. gradually B. luckily C. strangely D. finally13. A. single B. small C. local D. new14. A. seldom B. temporarily C. merely D. often15. A. sight B. nature C. ability D. belief实战演练一：Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 1 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 2 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 3 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 4 if you keep the following in mind.First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 5 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic（特征）6 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 7 hand and thicker fingers you may __8 fatter pen. The length of a pen can 9 influence comfort. A pen that is too 10 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.Then, the writing point of the pen should 11 the ink to flow evenly（均匀地）while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 12 will make it possible for you to create a 13 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 14 ink from running when the pen is lifted．A point that does not block the 15 may leave drops of ink, 16 you pick the pen upand put it down again.17 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may 18 bad handwriting ,but fine, delicate (微妙;脆弱的) lines do not command 19 next to printed text, as, 20 , a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, give an impression of confidence and authority（权威）。
山西(榆社县)2018高考英语完形和阅读一轮整合练及参考答案
山西（榆社县）2018高考英语完形和阅读一轮整合练及参考答案完形填空。
A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest like the forests we now find in Malaysia and Thailand。
As more andmore__1__came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt。
Now there is no forest left, __2__there are still some areas covered with trees. We call these__3__。
Elephants, tigers，monkeys and many other animals used to live in the__4__forests of Hong Kong, and there were even crocodiles inthe__5__and along the coast。
When people came to live in Hong Kong，the animals began to__6__out。
Early farmers drained（排干)the valleys to grow rice and to keep pigs and chickens。
They__7__the trees and burnt them。
They needed fires to keep themselves__8__in winter，to cook their food, and to keep away from dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough__9__for them. So did most of the wolves，leopards and tigers. Monkeys, squirrels and many other animals soon died out in the same__10__.You might think that there are__11__any animals in Hong Kong, except in the__12__. You might think that there cannot be any wildanimals in such a__13__place，with so many cars and buildings。
2018年高考英语一轮复习每日一题(第20周)完形填空夹叙夹议文(含解析)
完形填空夹叙夹议文高考频度：★★★★★难易程度：★★★★☆（2016﹒新课标全国卷II）Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually 41 you. Everything they know about you 42 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 43 they feel they can know you 44 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 45 is.Powerful, yes, but not always 46 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 47 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 48 me. I sometimes wished to 49 another agent.One morning, I had to 50 an immediate flight home for a family emergency.I ran into Ra ni’s office __51__. The woman sitting at the desk, 52 my madness sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 53 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 54 immediately. ＂What a wonderful lady!＂I thought.Rushing out 55 I called out over my shoulder, ＂By the way, what’s your name?＂＂I’m Rani,＂ she said. I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was __57__! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 58 .Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 59 —her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 60 —were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.41. A. accepted B. noticed C. heardD. met42. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed43. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed44. A. rather B. also C. justD. already45. A. telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression46. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate47. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose48. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouragedD. confused49. A. promote B. train C. findD. know50. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirmD. book51. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to timeD. in good time52. A. expecting B. seeing C. testingD. avoiding53. A. shy B. comforting C. familiarD. forced54. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list55. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefullyD. regretfully56. A. careful B. serious C. nervousD. pleasant57. A. amused B. worried C. helplessD. speechless58. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever59. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendlinessD. skillfulness60. A. explanation B. attitude C. conceptD. behavior【文章大意】本文属于夹叙夹议文，＂我＂通过电话与＂我＂的代理商Rani交流时发现，她比较＂冷漠＂，让我很生气，甚至有了换人的想法。
【英语】高一必备英语完形填空夹叙夹议技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析
【英语】高一必备英语完形填空夹叙夹议技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语完形填空夹叙夹议1．完形填空Jason, our son, was born with cerebral palsy(脑瘫). My wife and I often encouraged him as he 1 many challenges in his early years. It was 2 to see him regularly chosen last for baseball, but his most 3 time came when he began high school.One afternoon, Jason returned home in 4 and shouted: “I'm never going to school again!” He was 5 with food that other kids had 6 him on the school bus on the way home. Jason later told us what had 7 .A few days earlier, Jason had 8 up for the school running team. That day, a few older students made 9 of his performance on the track(跑道) and threw food at him. I called the headmaster about the 10 , and it never happened again. One day, as the other kids exercised in the gym, they 11 one lone runner－Jason jogging around the snow-covered track.A few days later, Jason had something to tell us, "Mom, Dad, sit down," he said. I was ready for the 12 ." He told us that each month, students 13 an "athlete(运动员) of the month". The coach(教练) would list the top athletes, and students voted(投票) for the 14 . Jason's name had never been 15 . But that day, one student said: "Sir, I would like to nominate(提名) Jason for the athlete of the month." The coach looked 16 . "He works harder than any of us, Sir," the student continued. Tears 17 in Jason's eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up. We, also in tears, looked on as he 18 showed his certificate(证书).Whenever I lose 19 , I think of this story. I remind myself that challenges are not overcome by force, but by patience, 20 , and faith.1. A. needed B. played C. faced D. spoke2. A. heartbreaking B. hopeful C. complex D. entertaining3. A. difficult B. comfortable C. different D. wonderful4. A. tears B. amazement C. laughter D. fear5. A. filled B. followed C. affected D. covered6. A. pushed against B. broken into C. thrown at D. went out7. A. recorded B. observed C. happened D. expressed8. A. stayed B. signed C. picked D. taken9. A. judges B. use C. mistakes D. fun10. A. plot B. scene C. crime D. situation11. A. knew B. watched C. noticed D. realized12. A. best B. least C. most D. worst13. A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. chose14. A. winner B. ruler C. adviser D. fighter15. A. adopted B. listed C. found D. organized16. A. surprised B. embarrassed C. moved D. impressed17. A. mixed B. rolled C. made D. drew18. A. warmly B. proudly C. kindly D. seriously19. A. interest B. happiness C. heart D. face20. A. respect B. will C. attitude D. interview【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）A；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）C；（8）B；（9）D；（10）D；（11）C；（12）D；（13）D；（14）A；（15）B；（16）A；（17）B；（18）B；（19）C；（20）B；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，Jason天生脑瘫，在现实生活中会遇见很多挑战和困难，但是他凭借耐心、决心和信念，在自己的努力下最终获得了大家的认可。
(精校版)2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)
(直打版)2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(直打版)2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess，for three credits。
I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess。
And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game's 46 I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach， and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction， he made it 49 that our credits would be hard—earned。