中石化英语
中石化英语汉译英：
1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福 (1)
2 City Design城市设计 (1)
3 Population人口 (2)
4 Earthquake地震 (3)
5 The Aftermath of BP Gulf Oil Spill
英国石油公司墨西哥湾原油泄漏 (3)
6 Green Computers“绿色”电脑 (4)
7 Cell Phones 手机 (5)
8 Touch Tech触屏技术 (5)
9 Fossil Fuels and Our Life
化石燃料与我们的生活 (6)
10 Carbon Emissions碳排放 (7)
11 Marine Pollution海洋污染 (8)
12 China's Growth and the Clean Energy Tech
中国的经济增长与清洁能源技术 (8)
13 Market Economy市场经济 (9)
14 CPI消费者物价指数 (9)
15 The Internet 互联网…………………………………916 Apple Expands its Touchy-Feely Vision
苹果公司用iPad延续梦想 (10)
17 3G Technology 3G技术 (11)
18 Carbon Capture and Storage碳捕获和储存 (11)
19 GlobaIWarming 全球变暖 (12)
20 Alternate Energies替代能源 (12)
21 Biofuels生物燃料 (13)
22 Coal Chemicallndustry煤化学工业 (13)
23 Resource Curse资源诅咒 (14)
24 Company Management公司管理 (14)
25 Recruitment Drives Take Talent from Wide Pool
人才库 (15)
26 Tips for Job Seekers找工作的秘诀 (15)
27 Chinese Oil Market中国石油市场 (16)
28 0il Trade石油贸易 (16)
29 How I Lost My Head in the Volcanic Ash Cloud
令人发疯的火山灰 (17)
30 Project Management项目管理 (17)
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【练习参考答案】汉译英：
第一篇 How to be Happy如何获得幸福
1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。 Noisy neighbors are one ofthe major causes ofdomestic upset.
2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedneSS)o
A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness．
3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。
We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing.
4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。
If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression.
5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。
We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.
第二篇 City Design城市设计
1．随着大量市民被迫迁到遥远的郊外，汽车的需求量正在飞涨。
The demand for cars is soaring as growing numbers of citizens are pushed into distant suburbs．
2．生态城市(eco-city)将把传统设计要素同最先进的绿色技术相结合。
The eco-city will combine elements oftraditional design with the latest green technologies.
3．预计到2010年将有一千辆燃料电池车(fuel-cell vehicles)投入使用，而到2012年将增至一万辆。
One thousand fuel-cell vehicles will be estimated to put to use by 2010 and increase to 10,000 by 2012.
4．如今，各地方政府几乎无一不在探讨有关生态农村、生态城镇或生态城市计划的话题。
These days, there is hardly a local govemment that does not talk about plans for an eco-village, town or even city.
5．全世界大约一半的人口居住在城市，所以研究能缓解城市对环境影响的途径势在必行。
It is fairly necessary to search for ways to reduce the
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environmental impact of cities because around half of the world's population isnow city-dwellers (is now living in cities).
第三篇 Population人口
1．亚洲大陆面积占世界陆地面积的29%。Asia makes up twenty-nine per cent ofthe world's land area.
2．人口的增加使土地必须生产更多的粮食。
The increasing population makes it necessary for the earth to produce more grain.
3．我们应该先进行抽样调查再写报告。
We should conduct a sampling investigation before we write the report.
4．我承认我在工作中因缺乏经验犯过这样那样的错误。
I admit that due to lack of experience I have made mistakes of all kinds.
5．中国的现代化工业和商品经济的发展，促进了职业流动和人口流动。The development of modem industry and commodity economy in China has promoted occupational (mobility) and population mobility.
第四篇 Earthquake地震
1．会议的准备工作正在顺利地进行着。
Preparations for the meeting are proceeding smoothly.
2．科技发展在解决老问题的同时也带来了一些新问题。
As technological advancement solves old problems, it also creates new ones.
3. 1976年唐山大地震是历史上最严重的自然灾害之一。
The 1976 earthquake in Tangshan was one of the greatest natural disasters in history.
4．近几年来，中国、日本和美国对地震发生的时间、地点的预测取得了一定的进步。
In recent years, China, Japan and the have made certain progress in forecasting when and where earthquakes will occur.
5．地震能造成惨重的人员伤亡，毁坏建筑物，如大楼、桥梁、大坝等设施。
Earthquakes cause severe casualties and destroy constructions like buildings, dams and bridges.
第五篇 The Aftermath of BP Gulf Oil Spill英国石油公司墨
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西哥湾原油泄漏
1．如何尽快处理墨西哥湾的原油泄漏是BP公司最为关注的问题。 How to urgently deal with the oil spill at the Gulf of Mexico remains the biggest concem for BP.
2．这起事故使环保人士对生态环境有了不小的担忧。
This accident has many environmentalists concerned about the damage it does to the ecosystem.
3．原油泄漏不仅会污染海洋环境，更糟糕的是它还会给多种海洋生物带来很大的威胁。
Oil spills do not just pollute the ocean, to make things worse, they pose great threat to many species of aquatic life as well.
4．所有小动物都要依靠妈妈给它们提供食物和保护。
All baby animals are dependent on their mothers for food and protection.
5．南极洲是多种企鹅的家。 Antarctica is the natural habitat for many species ofpenguins.
第六篇 Green Computers绿色’’电脑
1．许多政府机构继续执行鼓励使用绿色电脑的标准和规定。
Many govemmental agencies have continued to implement standards and regulations that encourage green computing.
2．绿色设计是指设计节能和对环境无害的零件。
Green design means designing energy-efficient and environmentally sound components.
3．今年该公司将实行(carry out)公司范围内的成本削减计划。
The company will carry out (embark on) its company-wide cost-cutting plan this year.
4．环保、慈善(philanthropy)和良好的员工关系是该公司成长壮大的重要因素。
Environmentalism, philanthropy and good employee relations have been important factors (tenets) during the growth ofthe company.
5．绿色使用是指减少计算机和其它信息系统的能源消耗，并尽量以环保的(environmentally sound)方式来使用。
Green use means reducing the energy consumption of computers and other information systems as well as using them in an environmentally sound (harmless) manner.
第七篇 Cell Phones 手机
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1．如今不管男女老少几乎都拥有手机。
Today almost everyone, men and women, old and young has a cell phone.
2．这种新的网络连接形式能使大量的数据得以快速地传输。
The new type ofInternet connection could carry much data at a very high speed.
3．电子邮件正在取代(edge out)传真、电话、快速邮递。它缩短了科学合作者(scientific collaborators)之间的距离。
E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, express mail, which shrinks distance between scientific collaborators.
4．手机从发明到现在已有很长的历史，而且在技术方面有了长足的(by leaps and bounds)进步。
Mobile phones have come a long way since their invention and have advanced by leaps and bounds in regard to technology. 5．快速的数据传输速度可以帮助解决网络传输量巨大增长的问题。 The high speed of data transmission can help solve the problem of how to handle the enormous growth in the Intemet.第八篇 Touch Tech触屏技术
1．这项技术使移动通讯行业产生了突破性变革。
This technology revolutionized mobile communication.
2．多触摸功能是其最大的卖点之-(eye-catching feature)。
The multi-touch capability is among its most eye-catching features.
3．戴尔是一家跨国技术公司，总部设在德克萨斯州。
Dell Inc. based in Texas, is a multinational company.
4．制造商经常在用户购买新电脑的时候提供免费更换服务。
Manufactures often offer a free replacement service when users purchase a new PC．
5．很多多点触控界面(interfaces)的产品已经出现，而且正在广泛地应用。
Many products for multi-touch interfaces have already existed and are being widely applied.
第九篇 Fossil Fuels and Our Life化石燃料与我们的生活
1．大多数替代能源不仅可以给我们带来清洁空气，它们还是可再
生的。
Not only do the majority of the altemative energies give us clean air, they are renewable as well．
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2．许多生活日用品都是由石油制成的。
Many ofthe products we use daily are made from petroleum. 3．尽管许多国家在研发并开始使用不同的替代能源，在未来很长的一段时间化石燃料仍将是占据主导地位的能源。
Though many countries are researching and developing and are applying different altemative energy, fossil fuels will remain crucially important for a long time in the future．4．专家预计北京的汽车占有量将超过每千人200辆。
It is estimated (projected) that the car ownership in Beijing will exceed 200 per thousand people.
5．在未来几十年，世界人口仍将持续增长。这意味着能源需求将进一步增加。
World population will continue to grow in the next few decades. This will mean an increasing in the demand for energy.
第十篇 Carbon Emissions碳排放
1．在很多以煤为主要能源的发展中国家，减少碳排放是一件极具挑战的工作。
Reducing carbon emission is a great challenge to developing nations where coalis a major source of energy.
2. 20世纪末的世界人口是20世纪六十年代的两倍。
The world population by the end of the 20th century was twice as much as that of the 1960s．
3．如果没有先进的技术，环境污染无法得以改善。
Without advanced technology, environmental pollution could not be improved.
4．过量饮食对人体带来的危害与过量饮酒带给人体的伤害一样严重。
Excessive eating could be as harmful to health as excessive drinking.
5．该公司正在就如何有效减少二氧化碳排放做一项实验性研究。
The company has been working on a pilot study in an effort to cut carbon enussion efficiently.
第十一篇 Marine Pollution海洋污染
1．一些污染源已经通过立法得到控制。
Some sources ofpollution have been brought under control by legislation.
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2．用电动车来取代汽油和柴油车可减少城市污染。
Replacing petrol and diesel vehicles with electric cars can free our cities from pollution.
3．要从源头(at source)来规范危险化学品的生产和使用。
The production and use of dangerous chemicals should be regulated at source.
4．最近所发生的一切除了会造成明显可见的短期影响外，也会导致严重的长期问题。
In addition to the visible short-term impacts, what has happened recently can also cause／result in severe long-term problems.
5．污染的海岸水域引发的死亡和疾病每年要耗费全球经济128亿美元。
Death and disease caused by polluted coastal waters cost the global economy US$ billion a year.
第十二篇 China's Growth and the Clean Energy Tech 中国的经济增长与清洁能源技术
1．环境污染和自然灾害是经济发展应付出的代价。
Environmental pollution and natural disasters are the
price we have to pay. for developing the economy.
2．化石能源的紧缺促使很多能源公司去开发替代能源。
The shortage of fossil fuels has made many energy companies develop alternative energy sources.
3．丰田汽车公司已经开始大规模生产其混合动力车Prius，这在
很大程度上超过了其它汽车制造大企业。
Toyota Auto has begun mass-producing its hybrid model Prius, which has leapfrogged other auto giants.
4．政府通过政策激励来促使国有企业节能减排。
Govemments are boosting (promoting) energy conservation and emission reduction through policies and incentives.
5．随着人口的成倍增长(multiply)，世界将会对能源有如饥似渴
般的需求。
As population multiplies, the world will become energy-hungry.
第十三篇 Market Economy市场经济
当今，经济学在商业方面起着越来越大的作用。Economics plays an increasingly important part in business today.商
人们清楚地认识到研究工作的重要性，Businessmen see clearly
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the necessity for research.他们需要通过研究来发现什么样的条件有助于出售他们的商品，They need research to discover what sort of conditions will help them sell their goods,对他们的商品有什么需求，what demand there will be for their goods,以及能够得到什么样的国际市场等等。what foreign markets will be available and so on.
第十四篇 CPI消费者物价指数
20世纪30年代的大萧条(Great Depression)对大部分的美国人产生了巨大的影响。he Great Depression of the 1930s had a profound (serious) effect on most of the population of the United States.工厂倒闭，工人失业，TFactories closed and workers were out of work;公司和银行破产，businesses and banks collapsed;农民不能偿付贷款并失去了他们的农场，farmers could not repay their loans and lost their farms.他们中的许多人只能离开家乡去寻找工作。Many of them had to leave their farms to search for jobs (look for jobs).20世纪30年代的大萧条不仅影响了美国，它把整个世界都搅乱了。The Great Depression of the 1930s didn't only affect the USA alone but tumed the whole world upside down.
第十五篇 The Internet 互联网
近几年来，计算机不仅被越来越多的人运用于生产和技术领域，In recent years more and more people have used computers not only in production and technology,而且也用于日常生活。but also in everyday life. 原因很简单，因为计算机比人的效率高的多。The simple reason is that they are far more efficient than man.它们比人有更好的记忆力，能储存大量的信息。They have much better memories and can store large amounts of information.计算机可以做许多我们做的事情，Computers can do many of the things we do,而且做的更快、更好。but faster and better. 它们可以在工厂里控制机器,计算出第二天的, They can control machines in factories, work out tomorrow's weather,甚至可以做翻译工作。and even do translation work.
十六篇 Apple Expands its Touchy-Feely Vision16苹果公司用iPad延续梦想
最初，iPad主要被当作一款媒体消费设备——用它来读书、看视频、或翻阅带有视频以及文字和图片的新型电子杂志，要比用iPhone的效果更理想。iPad used mainly as amedia consumption device -a better place than the iPhone to read books, watch
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video, or flick through new electromc versions of magazines that offer video as well as text and pictures.但是，与iPhone -样，关键之处将在于人们如何接受它、使用它，以及应用程序开发者多快能寻找到利用其特性打造新体验的办法。But, as with the iPhone, the real story will lie in how it is taken up and used - and how quickly other application developers find ways to exploit its unique characteristics to create new experiences.人们当然有理由对它持有疑虑。There are certainly reasons for doubt.它的屏幕更大，因此它可能不如智能手机那么便携；它缺少内置的键盘，因此作为一个输入设备，它可能不如PC或Mac那么有用。The larger screen may make it less portable than a smartphone, its lack of a built-in keyboard less useful as an input device than a PC or Mac. 但iPad的英寸高分辨率显示屏(high-resolution screen)，将成为计算机业播种梦想(dream to be sketched)的下一个处女地 (virginterritory)。But the iPad's inch, high-resolution screen is about to become the virgin territory on which the computer industry's next dreams will be sketched.
第十七篇 3G Technology 3G技术
3G的全称为第三代数字通信。3G is short for the Third Generation Digital Communication. 1995年问世的第一代数字
手机只能进行语音通话；The first generation of digital communication developed in 1995 0nly allowed voice transmission on the phone.而1996到1997年出现的第二代数字
手机便增加了接收数据的功能，如接收电子邮件或网页；By 1996 and 1997, the 2G digital cellphones had a new feature that is data transmlssion, such as emails and access to the Intemet.
第三代与前两代的主要区别是在传输声音和数据的速度上的提升，
它能够处理图像、音乐、视频等多种媒体形式，提供包括网页浏览、电话会议、电子商务等多种信息服务。The biggest difference between 3G and the first two generations lies in the features that voice and data can be transmitted at a much faster speed and that photos, music, and videos can be transmitted and that it provides services like access to the Intemet, teleconferencing, e-commerce and the like.
十八篇 Carbon Capture and Storage碳捕获和储存
1．目前，碳捕获和存储设施已经安装到其它应用程序设计的部件
上。以石油公司为例，几十年来，他们已经将二氧化碳注入衰退井
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(fading wells)中以提高采收率。
Current Carbon Capture Storage facilities have been patched together with components largely designed for other applications. Oil companies, for example, have been mjecting carbon dioxide into fading wells for decades in order to enhance recovery.
2．一个普遍存在的问题是关于海底或地下储存安全的长期预测是非常困难和不确定的。储存的二氧化碳可能会泄漏到大气中。
A general problem is that long term predictions about submarine or underground storage security are very difficult and uncertain and C02 might leak from the storage into the atmosphere.
十九篇 GlobaIWarming 全球变暖
全球气候变暖主要是由于人们焚烧化石矿物以生成能量时产生的二氧化碳等多种温室气体导致。全球平均气温总体看为上升趋势。Global warming is primarily caused by the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the buming of fossil fuels for energy by global average temperature is generally on a rise.
进入20世纪八十年代后，全球气温明显上升。We've seen a significant rise in global temperature since the 1980s.
全球变暖的后果，会使全球降水量重新分配( reallocation)，冰川消融，海平面上升，既危害自然生态系统的平衡，更威胁人类
的食物供应和居住环境。Global warming will result in the
reallocation of global rainfall, the melting of glaciers, and
the rise of sea level. This will damage the balance of the
ecosystem and threaten food supply and the living condition
for human beings.
二十篇 Alternate Energies替代能源
清洁能源是不排放污染物的能源，它包括核能和“可再生能源” 。Clean energy refers to energy sources that release zero
pollutants. This includes nuclear energy and renewable
energies. 可再生能源是指可以通过自然现象补充(replenish)的
能源，如水力发电、风力发电、太阳能、生物能、海潮能这些能源。
Renewable energy comes from natural processes that are
replenished constantly, hydroelectric power, wind power,
solar power, biofuels, tidal power are all renewable energy
sources.可再生能源不存在能源耗竭的可能，因此日益受到许多国
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家的重视，尤其是能源短缺的国家。Renewable energy sources are inexhaustible and therefore have attracted the attention of many countnes, especially those with a great shortage of energy sources.
二十一篇 Biofuels生物燃料
生物燃料必须有四个特性。需要低成本——我们成功的基准是1美元1加仑，即每桶40-50美元。Biofuels have to have four qualities. They need to be low-cost - our benchmark for success is $1 a gallon, $40-50 a barrel.生物燃料还必须要低碳。They must be low-carbon.先进的生物燃料还需要有规模效应。如果只是生产出精品类型的生物燃料(boutique biofuels)，那是毫无意义的。只有大规模的生产和销售才能够改变局面。Advanced biofuels also need to be scalable. There is no point making boutique biofuels. Only mass production and mass distribution can tum the dial (change the situation).第四，先进的生物燃料从环境，社会和经济效益的角度讲，必须是可持续的。Fourth, advanced biofuels have to be sustainable - environmentally, socially and economically.
二十二篇 Coal Chemicallndustry煤化学工业
煤的气化在煤化工中占有重要地位，.用于生产各种气体燃料，是洁净的能源，有利于提高人民生活水平和环境保护；Coal
gasification plays an important role in the coal chemical
industryThe gasified products can be used as gaseous fuels
which are clean energy sources, and which can improve
people's living standards and benefit environmental
protection.煤气化生产的合成气是合成液体燃料等多种产品的原
料。煤直接液化，可以生产人造石油和化学产品。The synthesis gas
can be used as raw materials for many chemical products. Coal
can be directly liquefied and can be converted into
artificial petroleum and other chemical products. 在石油短
缺时，煤的液化产品将替代目前的天然石油。At such a
petroleum-short time, liquefied coal products can replace
the natural oil that we are dependent on today.
二十三篇 Resource Curse资源诅咒
资源诅咒是一个经济学理论，多指与矿业资源相关的经济社会问题。Resource curse is an economic theory, usually refers
to a social economic problem related to the resources of
minerals.丰富的自然资源可能是对经济发展的诅咒而不是祝福，
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大多数自然资源丰富的国家比那些资源稀缺的国家发展地更慢。Abundant natural resources may rather be a curse than a lot of the nations with rich resources have a much lower economic growth than countries without an abundance of resources. 经济学家将原因归结为贸易条件的恶化，荷兰病(the Dutch Disease)或人力资本投资不足等，主要由对某种相对丰富的资源的过分依赖导致。Economists blamed this on terrible trade conditions, the Dutch Disease or in other words a shortage ofinvestment in human capital and an overdependence on the abundance of certain resources．
二十四篇 Company Management公司管理
每个企业都倾尽其力来对付如何组织企业这一问题。组织结构经常需要反映出新的战略、变化的市场条件以及创新的生产技术等方面的影响。Every firm wrestles with the problem of how to organize. Reorganization often is necessary to reflect a new strategy, changing market conditions, or innovative production technology.全世界的公司都在重新构造自己，以便在当今高度竞争的全球环境中更精干、更有效、更灵活。Companies throughout the world are restructuring to become leaner, more
efficient and more flexible in today's highly competitive
global environment．
二十五篇 Recruitment Drives Take Talent from Wide Pool人
才库
1．企业像拧水龙头一样启动和停止项目，这种做法是错误的，因
为只有持久的投资，才能建立起多元化的人才库。
Businesses that turn programs on and off like a tap have
got it wrong because a diverse talent pool can only be built
through sustained investment.
2．她的公司最近就发起了一项开放周( access week)活动，让伦
敦一些贫困地区（deprived boroughs）的公立学校学生前来感受
办公室的生活。
Her firm recently launched an access week to bring state
school students from deprived London boroughs into its
offices.
3．-个23岁的学生16岁初到英国时，还是一个不懂英语的避难者
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(asylum seeker)。后来他成为了一名社区志愿者，学习会计和金融学，并荣获一等学位(first class degree)。
One 23-year-old student who arrived in Britain as a 16-year-old asylum seeker and was unable to speak English,went on to become a community volunteer, studied accounting and finance, and eamed himself a first class degree.
二十六篇 Tips for Job Seekers找工作的秘诀
要想在众多应聘者中取胜，要想让你中意的企业也中意你，事先做好准备功夫是非常重要的一个环节。To win over the other job applicants, and to impress the company that you are interested in, getting well-prepared is vital.首先要从正确给自己定位做起。那么不妨给自己提两个问题：First, you should well position yourself You may ask yourself these two questions:我的兴趣是什么我爱干什么What amI interested in And what do I love doing准备工作的第二步是做出好简历。好简历都具备一些共同的特点，简洁、真实、重点突出等。The second thing you need to do is to write a good resume. Good resumes constitute these characters: concise, truth-telling and
attention-grabbing.
二十七篇 Chinese Oil Market中国石油市场
埃克森美孚、壳牌和英国石油等石油巨头在中国大规模建设加油站，其目的就是要最大限度分享中国巨大的成品油零售市场。据
资料统计表明，中国大陆成品油消费量已经居世界第二位，在未来
10年内还将以每年%的速度增长。
Oil giants like ExxonMobil, Shell and BP have been building up joint-venture gas stations in China, aiming at
owning a great share of the huge Chinese retail market of
refined oil. Statistics show that China now ranks the second
in refined oil consumption and will increase by an annual %
in the next decade.
二十八篇 0il Trade石油贸易
经济复苏将大幅刺激中国这个第二大能源消耗国的燃料需求。
2010年的中国原油进口纪录将再次被刷新。根据数据预测显示，
2010年原油进口将增长%，达到亿吨，平均每天达到430万桶。与
2009年的亿吨相比，上涨了4%。2010年中国国内石油需求增速将
恢复到金融危机之前的水平。全年石油消费量将增长5%以上，达
到亿吨。
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Economic recovery will greatly boost the demand tor fuels in China, the second largest energy consuming country in the oil import will breaka record high in 2010. As statistics indicate, crude oil import in 2010 will increase by %, reaching 212 million tons, and a daily million barrels. Compared with 203 million tons in 2009, there will be an increase of 4%. And the demand for petroleum in China in 2010 will soon resume to the pre-financial-crisis level. And the total petroleum consumption will see a 5% rise, reaching up t0 427 million tons.
二十九篇 How I Lost My Head in the Volcanic Ash Cloud令人发疯的火山灰
我开始给我在伦敦的同事撰写电子邮件，指出欧洲航空旅行在多年内变得完全不可靠的微小可能性，如果是这样，那么全球经济也有微小的可能会遭遇严重打击。这可能是最近10年内最重要的事件，并非是本周第三大事件。
I started writing e-mails to my colleagues in London pomtmg out that there was a small chance that European air travel could be rendered completely unreliable for years, and if so there was a small chance of the world's economy being dealt a shattering blow. This was potentially the biggest story of the decade rather than the third-biggest story ofthe week.
三十篇 Project Management项目管理
随着项目的进展，预料不到的问题一定会出现。这些偶然事件会威胁到目的进度、预算或要求。在这种情况下，项目经理必须决定怎样将项目的一个目标与另一个目标进行权衡。As the project progresses, uncertainties will emerge. These uncertainties will affect the proceeding, budget and requirement of the project. Project managers must decide, under this circumstance, how to balance one objective with another objective of the project.
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中石化职称英语考试试卷(中级)
试卷一 I. Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. It is possible to predict how much energy and water a building will consume, how much _______ will be needed. A. matter B. things C. material D. substance 2. They found that the positive thinkers sold 37 percent more insurance than did the_______ thinkers. A. negative B. positive C. active D. passive 3. In labs around the world, bad bugs are undergoing the ultimate rehabilitation, being _______ from life-threatening viruses and bacteria into lifesaving therapeutic agents. A. translated B. transported C. transformed D. transmitted 4. The fresh air is sometimes humid from the _______rainfall of this area. A. numerous B. abundant C. plenty D. substantive 5. We know that many animals _______ the deep seas at pressures of 15,000 pounds per square inch. A. live on B. live in C. live through D. live up to 6. Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages _______for a great deal of the world's output in everything from economics to literature to military to science and technology. A. account B. allow C. apply D. arrange 7. _______of the great state of Illinois, let me express my deepest gratitude for the privilege of addressing this convention. A. On account B. In honor C. In place D. On behalf 8. The companies that are finding ways to hang on to their older workers _______ from an intangible commodity: wisdom. A. obtain B. earn C. develop D. benefit 9. I raced to_______ Jill. A. keep on B. keep up with C. come up with D. come up to 10. Managers need to monitor inflation trends so they can make good _______. A. decisive B. decisions C. decide D. decided 11. Fluency can be _______ defined as "being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying." A. simple B. simply C. similar D. simplify 12. The number of vehicles has been steadily increasing. _______, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits. A. Continuously B. Consequently C. Constantly D. Consistently 13. A(An) _______ is better than the text and may make the point clear. A. interpretation B. representation C. illustration D. draw 14. Some of the world's best mountain _______ is available within the 500-kilometer long chain of the Southern Alps. A. scene B. scenery C. scarce D. scare 15. After a through research, the police __ most of the missing jewels. A. retreated B. refreshed C. recovered D. reminded 16. A gold-rated building is estimated to have reduced its environmental impact by 50% compared with a(an) __ conventional building. A. equivalent B. alike C. uniform D. likely 17. When pessimists __ in their first attempt, they usually say, "I can't do this." A. feel B. fail C. defeat D. lost 18. Six years __ before she got another note from Teddy. A. went into B. went around C. went by D. went on 19. The company owns a large number of _______ stores. A. export B. bargain C. retail D. trade 20. The cost of self-education has fallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information _______ on CD-ROMs and the Internet. A. preferable B. ready C. available D. considerable II. Grammatical Structure Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 21. Put things back _______ you found them.
中石化英语分级测试机职称英语考试资料(阅读理解)
英语分级测试 第一篇How to be Happy 如何获得幸福 (2) 第二篇City Design 城市设计 (4) 第三篇Population 人口 (6) 第四篇Earthquake 地震 (7) 第五篇The Aftermath of BP Fulf Oil Spill----英国石油公司墨西哥湾原油泄漏 (9) 第六篇Green Computers“绿色’’电脑 (11) 第七篇Cell Phones手机 (12) 第八篇Touch Tech触屏技术 (13) 第九篇Fossil Fuels and Our Life化石燃料与我们的生活 (15) 第十篇Carbon Emissions碳排放 (16) 第十一篇Marine Pollution海洋污染 (17) 第十二篇China's Growth and the Clean Energy Tech中国的经济增长与清洁能源技术 (18) 第十三篇Market Economy市场经济 (19) 第十四篇CPI消费者物价指数 (20) 第十五篇The Internet互联网 (21) 十六篇Apple Expands its Touchy-Feely Vision苹果公司用iPad延续梦想 (22) 十七篇3G Technology技术 (23) 十八篇Carbon Capture and Storage碳捕获和储存 (24) 十九篇GlobaIWarming全球变暖 (25) 二十篇Alternate Energies替代能源 (26) 二十一篇Biofuels生物燃料 (27) 二十二篇Coal Chemicallndustry煤化学工业 (28) 二十三篇Resource Curse资源诅咒 (30) 二十四篇Company Management公司管理 (31) 二十五篇Recruitment Drives Take Talent from Wide Pool人才库 (32) 二十六篇Tips for Job Seekers找工作的秘诀 (33) 二十七篇Chinese Oil Market中国石油市场 (34) 二十八篇0il Trade石油贸易 (35) 二十九篇How I Lost My Head in the Volcanic Ash Cloud令人发疯的火山灰 (36) 三十篇Project Management项目管理 (37)
中石化国企央企入职考试英语试题A
英语试题A 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing's on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his "tag" , TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, " says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. " We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. " The first site to be chosen was a subway. " Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. " By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of
中石化职称英语高级
UNIT 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福 In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). This week we look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient. 过去两周我们研究了一项幸福公式，这是由乐观心理学家马丁·塞利格曼定义的。在这个公式中，H（幸福）=S（个人生理幸福感受的固定指数）+C（个人生活状态）+V（个人主观选择）。本周我们将着眼于能提升幸福指数的生活状态。 Step 1: Peace and quiet Jonathon Haidt in his excellent book, The Happiness Hypothesis, notes that research shows that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. It is essential to have some peace and quiet every day. If you are unfortunate enough to live somewhere noisy, persist with complaining to your local council. Additionally, try wearing wax earplugs to have some respite. If you need your TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates altruism to your neighbours, which will make you and them feel good. 第一步：平和宁静乔纳森·海迪在他的优秀著作《幸福假说》当中提到，研究调查显示，我们不可能完全适应噪音污染，无论是新近的还是长期的。巨大噪声会引发我们面对恐惧的某种本能反应（另一种是对于坠落的恐惧），如果周遭噪音喧闹，我们不可能完全放松。每日保持平和与宁静事关重要。如果你不幸生活在比较嘈杂的环境中，请一定要坚持去居委会投诉。另外，尝试使用耳塞，可能会缓解噪声。如果你需要用大音量看电视、听收音机或放音乐的话，记得戴上耳机，别影响邻里，这样可以使双方都感到舒适。 Step 2: Relationships This is the most important of all the external conditions that can improve your happiness quotient. Often our deepest sources of unhappiness are found in poor relationships with others. A cruelly conflictual relationship with a partner or lover leaves us feeling betrayed and abandoned. A relationship with our parents or children which is not based on compassionate, unconditional regard creates isolation and misery. When faced with such relationships, the most positive thing we can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on. 第二步：人际关系这是增加幸福指数的一条至关重要的外部条件。我们感到不快乐的最深层原因，往往就是人际关系欠佳。与搭档或者爱人的关系陷入激烈的冲突中，会让我们产生遭到背叛和遗弃的感觉。父母和孩子之间如果缺乏同情心和无私关怀，会产生隔阂与痛苦。当我们面临这类问题时，最好的办法就是直面难题，修复关系，或者学着继续前行。 Step 3: Share If you have discovered conditions or choices in life that have significantly improved your wellbeing, remember to share them with friends. Passing on what works is essential to improve the wellbeing of our own and others. 第三步：分享如果你发觉生活状态或者做的某项决定对幸福生活有重大帮助的话，记得与你的朋友们分享。将有用的发现与更多人分享，这对增进自己的幸福和他人的幸福都有积极作用。 1.What's the happiness formula according to the passage?(The formula refers to H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make).) 2. Why can we never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution?(Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise.) 3. How could we make both ourselves and the neighbors feel good?(If we need our TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates our kindness and can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on.) 1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset. 2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedness)。A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness. 3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing. 4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression. 5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。We should not avoid these problems but face them instead. There are many benefits to being happy. Happier people tend to be healthier, live longer and eam more. They also tend to volunteer more, be better at relationships and smile more of w hat psychologists call “Duchenne" or genuine smiles. What is less well understood is why happiness is contagious. 幸福有许多好处。越幸福的人往往越健康、越长寿、挣的钱越多。他们通常也会从事更多的志愿工作、更善于处理人际关系、发出更多心理学家所说的“杜兴微笑”，即真诚的微笑。我们了解不深的是，为什么幸福可以传染。 According to James Fowler and Nicholas Christakis, authors of the international bestseller Connected, people surrounded by many happy friends, family members and neighbours who are central to their social network become significantly happier in the future. More specificallyi they say we will become 25 per cent happier with our life if a friend who lives within a mile of us becomes significantly happier with his or her life. 全球畅销书《关联》的作者詹姆斯·福勒和尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯发现，如果你身边那些重要的人际网络中有许多幸福的朋友、家人与邻居，那么你将也会很幸福。他们表示，更准确地说，如果居住在离你1英里内的一个朋友生活幸福感得到显著提升，你的生活幸福感就会增加25%。 Similar effects are seen in co-resident spouses (8 per cent happier); siblings who live within a mile of each other (14 per cent); and next-door neighbours (34 per cent). What this implies is that the magnitude of happiness spread seems to depend more on frequent social contact (due to physical proximity) than on deep social connections. Alas, for some reason this doesn't translate to the workplace. 具有同样效果的还有同居配偶（幸福感提升8%）、居住在1英里之内的兄弟姐妹(14%)和邻居(34%)。这意味着，幸福传播的强度似乎更取决于交往的频繁度（与地域邻近相关），1而不是社会关系的深度。可惜由于某种原因，这并不适用于工作场合。 So, why is happiness contagious? One reason may be that happy people share their good fortune with their friends and family (for example, by being pragmatically helpful or financially generous). Another reason could be that happy people tend to change their behaviour for the better by being nicer or less hostile to those close to them. Or it could just be that positive emotions are highly contagious. 那么，为什么幸福能够传染？一个原因或许是，幸福的人会与亲朋好友分享好运气（例如，提供实际的帮助，或在经济上慷慨解囊）。另一个原因可能是，幸福的人往往会改善自己的行为，会对周围的人更加友好，或减少敌意。又或许只是因为正面情绪具有高度传染性。
(已打)中石化英语(汉译英定稿)
中石化英语汉译英： 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福 (1) 2 City Design城市设计 (1) 3 Population人口 (2) 4 Earthquake地震 (3) 5 The Aftermath of BP Gulf Oil Spill 英国石油公司墨西哥湾原油泄漏 (3) 6 Green Computers“绿色”电脑 (4) 7 Cell Phones 手机 (5) 8 Touch Tech触屏技术 (5) 9 Fossil Fuels and Our Life 化石燃料与我们的生活 (6) 10 Carbon Emissions碳排放 (7) 11 Marine Pollution海洋污染 (8) 12 China's Growth and the Clean Energy Tech 中国的经济增长与清洁能源技术 (8) 13 Market Economy市场经济 (9) 14 CPI消费者物价指数 (9) 15 The Internet 互联网 (9) 16 Apple Expands its Touchy-Feely Vision 苹果公司用iPad延续梦想 (10) 17 3G Technology 3G技术 (11) 18 Carbon Capture and Storage碳捕获和储存 (11) 19 GlobaIWarming 全球变暖 (12) 20 Alternate Energies替代能源 (12) 21 Biofuels生物燃料.............................................13 22 Coal Chemicallndustry煤化学工业 (13) 23 Resource Curse资源诅咒 (14) 24 Company Management公司管理 (14) 25 Recruitment Drives Take Talent from Wide Pool 人才库 (15) 26 Tips for Job Seekers找工作的秘诀 (15) 27 Chinese Oil Market中国石油市场 (16) 28 0il Trade石油贸易 (16) 29 How I Lost My Head in the Volcanic Ash Cloud 令人发疯的火山灰 (17) 30 Project Management项目管理 (17) 1
中石化英语面试口语大全
中石化英语面试口语大全 Q：What contribution did you make to your current(previous)organization？ (你对目前/从前的工作单位有何贡献？) A：I have finished three new projects，and I am sure I can apply my experience to this position.(我已经完成个新项目，我相信我能将我的经验用在这份工作上。) Q：What do you think you are worth to us？ (你怎么认为你对我们有价值呢？) A：I feel I can make some positive contributions to your company in the future.(我觉得我对 贵公司能做些积极性的贡献。) Q：What make you think you would be a success in this position？(你如何知道你能胜任这 份工作？） A：My graduate school training combined with my internship should qualify me for this particular job.I am sure I will be successful.(我在研究所的训练，加上实习工作，使我适合 这份工作。我相信我能成功。) Q：Are you a multitasked individual？(你是一位可以同时承担数项工作的人吗？) Q：Do you work well under stress or pressure？(你能承受工作上的压力吗?) A：Yes,I think so. A：The trait is needed in my current（or previous)position and I know I can handle it well.(这种特点就是我目前（先前）工作所需要的，我知道我能应付自如。) Q：What is your strongest trait(s)？(你个性上最大的特点是什么？) A：Helpfulness and caring.（乐于助人和关心他人。） A：Adaptability and sense of humor.（适应能力和幽默感。） A：Cheerfulness and friendliness.（乐观和友爱。） Q：How would your friends or colleagues describe you？（你的朋友或同事怎样形容你？）A：(pause a few seconds)(稍等几秒钟再答，表示慎重考虑。) They say Mr.Chen is an honest,hardworking and responsible man who deeply cares for his family and friends.(他们说陈先生是位诚实、工作努力、负责任的人，他对家庭和朋友都很 关心。) A：They say Mr.Chen is a friendly,sensitive,caring and determined person.(他们说陈先生 是位很友好、敏感、关心他人和有决心的人。) 常用句子 1.Enclosed herewith are two copies of my diplomas and a copy of my resume for your reference.兹随函附寄毕业证书两份及简历表一份，仅供参考。 2.Enclosed you will find a copy of my resume and my photo.I believe that they may be found satisfactory.附上我历表和照片，希望您满意。 3.You will find enclosed an outline of my education and copies of three letters of recommendation.随函寄上本人学历的简要概况及三封推荐信。 4.Enclosed you will find a letter of recommendation from Mr.Wang,Head Professor of English Department and a copy of my transcript. 随函附上英文系系主任王先生的推荐函一封及本人成绩单一份。 5.You can see from the data sheet that is enclosed that I now have an interest in securing a satisfying position.
中石化英语分级测试笔试样题
附件1 英语分级测试笔试试题（样题） SECTION ONE LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) Part A -In part A, you will hear 30 short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. -After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your testbook and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and write the letter of the answer you have chosen. -Now you have 90 seconds to read through the questions. 1. (A) Each person will be allowed to buy only one ticket. (B) The tickets will sell out quickly. (C) The rock concert will probably be rescheduled. (D) There will be extra tickets at the rock concert. 2. … Part B -In Part B, you will hear long conversations. After each conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. -After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your testbook and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and write the letter of the answer you have chosen. -Now you have 90 seconds to read through the questions.
中石化石油化工统计指标解释培训测试
石油化工统计指标解释培训测试 单位姓名总分 一、单选题（40题，每题1分） 1、工业总产值的计算基础是（）。 ①产品销售总量；②产品商品总量； ③产品库存总量；④产品消耗总量。 2、原材料、能源消费总值的计算方法是（）。 ①实际消费量?计划价格；②实际消费量?实际购进价格； ③计划消费量?计划和实际差价；④实际消费量?计划和实际差价。 3、统计分类标准化实际上就是国家最主要、最重要的（） ①统计分组和分组体系；②统计分组；③分组体系。 4、统计调查单位的正式开业时间是指（） ①向工商行政管理部门进行注册登记、领取营业执照的时间； ②企业开工剪彩时间；③筹建班子建立时间。 5、原材料能源消费的核算原则为（）。 ①谁购买谁统计；②谁支配谁统计； ③谁消费谁统计；④谁管理谁统计。 6、不属于相对指标计量单位的是（）。 ①百分数；②实物单位；③系数；⑤复名数。 7、分配法增加值由（）构成。 ①固定资产折旧、劳动者报酬；②固定资产折旧、劳动者报酬、营业盈余； ③生产税净额、劳动者报酬； ④固定资产折旧、劳动者报酬、营业盈余、生产税净额。 8、常用的从业人员统计指标有（）。 ①期末人数和平均人数；②月末人数和平均人数；③期末人数和增减人数。 9、劳动生产率是劳动者在（）内生产的产品数量。 ①生产时间；②劳动时间；③规定时间；④单位时间。 10、原材料能源库存（）。 ①可以为正数或负数；②可以为负数； ③只可以为零；④只能大于等于零。 11、增加值是所有（）在生产过程中创造的新增价值和固定资产转移价值之和。 ①常住单位；②基本统计单位；③经济单位；④经济部门 12、生产法增加值计算公式为（）。 ①增加值=总产出-中间投入；②增加值=销售收入-销售成本； ③增加值=不变价总产值-中间投入；④增加值=总产出-产品成本。13、在计算月平均人数时，公休日和节假日时的人数应按（）计算。 ①后一天人数；②实有人数； ③前一天人数；④全体职工人数。 14、库存是反映（）的原材料能源的数量指标。 ①一个时期；②一个时点； ③加工使用；④购入； 15、假定某产生产量1995年比1985年增加了235%，则1985-1995年平均发展速度为总速度的（）方根。 ①9次；②10次；③11次。 16、在财务统计报表中还设置与增加值有关指标（）。 ①应付工资总额、应付福利费总额、应交增值税与中间投入合计； ②生产费用、销售费用、管理费用； ③销售收入、销售利润、利润总额。 17、生产活动统计的内容按统计的形态可分为（）。 ①产量统计、产值统计；②实物量统计、价值量统计； ③企业统计、汇总统计。 18、可用于计算工业全员劳动生产率的指标是( )。 ①中间消耗②工业现价产值 ③工业增加值④固定资产折旧 19、现行价成品价值计算公式（） ①∑(产品报告期商品产量×该产品报告期销售价格) ②∑(产品报告期商品产量×该产品报告期平均销售价格) ③∑(产品报告期商品产量×报告期平均销售价格) ④∑(产品报告期商品产量×该产品报告期平均销售价格)＋工业性作业价值 20、计算工业总产值的次品的价格计算原则是（） ①不高于合格品价格为原则，可按次品的销售价格计算。 ②高于合格品价格为原则，可按次品的销售价格计算。 ③可按次品的销售价格计算。 21、中国石化股份公司所属企业的盘点时间是（） ①月末一天提前二个班为盘点结算时点；②月末一天提前一个班为盘点结算时点； ③由企业可自定时间为盘点结算时点；④每月28日早8点为盘点结算时点。 22、按填报单位不同，统计报表可分为（） ①基层报表和综合报表；②月报、季报和年报； ③国家报表、部门报表和地方报表；④全面调查表和非全面调查表。 23、国民经济行业分组是指（） ①行业分类；B行政区域分类；C隶属关系分类。 24、某企业1995年总生产费用比1994年上升了50%，产量增加了25%,则单位成本提高了（）。 ①25%；②2%；③75%；④20%。