2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案

2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ U wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the courage (22) _______ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______ _______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) _______ (crowed) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______ (rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. achievementB. capturedC. championedD. convenientlyE. distractF. executiveG. manageableH. memorableI. publicizing J. reluctantly K. revealMarketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing mightnot have been such a(n) __31__ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing __32__ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that __33__ the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over int o the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail”rule, only ___34___ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It ___35___its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that ___36___.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV b roadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo ___37___, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing tha t equipment would ___38___ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the ___39___ itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which ___40___ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the w orld together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top ___41___ are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it ___42___. “There’s the situation, how we ___43___ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. ____44____ experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those ___45___ skills and might let a situation get out of hand,” he adds.Most ___46___have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental ___47___. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.____48___, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n) ___49___ home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life ___50___ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble ___51___ when it really matters. It can be just as ___52___ as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misus e. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering ___53___ the body’s stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can ___54___ parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association ___55___. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responsesC. secretesD. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differentlyC. normallyD. mentally43. A. improve B. influenceC. describeD. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. ProfessionalC. PreviousD. Constant45. A. coping B. livingC. learningD. acting46. A. adults B. researchersC. studentsD. monitors47. A. functions B. disordersC. variationsD. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some casesC. On the contraryD. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguishedC. unstableD. extended50. A. education B. experienceC. involvementD. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing upC. taking upD. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificantC. positiveD. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. followsC. dullsD. destroys54. A. endure B. relieveC. increaseD. inherit55. A. between animals B. in humansC. with societyD. of importanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in mass（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pi ck them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this -- the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening -- a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree m akes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures -- that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56. The flat that author lives in is _________.A. built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57. In the author’s description, she implies that _________.A. birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59. Which of the following can be used to express the author’s feeling?A. Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)The Sleep of Your DreamsAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don’t get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more -- and higher - quality -- sleep. In my everlasting search for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here’s how they stacked up.Eight sleep tracker$299This mattress（床垫）topper fits und er a sheet and “turns any bed into a s mart bed,” according to Eight. While I slept, the sensor - decorated pad gath ered data like heart rate, periods of de epest sleep, and number of turns. It w as easy to use, and I liked the warmi ng feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a different temperature.REM Score :8 (out of 10)Dream-pad pillow$149 and upThe Dream-pad uses smooth sounds capes to help you power down. Conne ct the device to your phone via Blueto oth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you la y your head down. There are ten track s on offer. I didn’t drift off any faster with the Dream-pad, but it did help me fall back asleep when I woke up a t night.REM Score: 6Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution$299My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently interrupted by my husband’s snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When the be dside audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, it slowly blows up the off ender’s pillow, gently shifting them int o a freer - breathing position. My hus band sometimes woke up briefly but w as soon asleep again.REM Score: 8Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System$149The Nightingale is hi - tech. Two app - enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can als o program the system to provide weat her and traffic information when you wake up. The only downside: in stand by mode, it emits a faint noise.REM Score: 9* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they _________.”A. make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together.61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dream-pad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large numbe r of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder. Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _________.A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC. good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _________.A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchersB. why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutionsD. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about _________.A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB. missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ev er?D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to ha ppiness and success?E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.The Fullness of TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don’t we feel time - rich? ______67______One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. _____68______ This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one groupof friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart-phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. _____69_____You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier afte r a holiday than if they’d never taken one. _____70_____ The question still remains unsettled.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph（密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。

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2020-2021学年上海市上海中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2020-2021学年上海市上海中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenB“They’re harming your brain.” “They’re ruining your eyes.” “They’re turning you into a violent person.” The words said publicly against video games are so common, but are these worries founded on actual science? Countless studies have offered different opinions on whether video games are bad for you. We’ve rounded up the most notable reports and studies below, so you can weigh up the evidence for yourself.In 2013,psychologist(心理学家) Simone Kuhn studied the influences of spending long hours on video games on the brains of young adults and found that several areas became bigger than before. These areas are connected with highercognitive functions(认知功能), memory formation andfinemotor(精细运动) function.Last year, psychologists said that video game players who favour violent games are more likely to be violent when offline. Dr. Mark Appelbaum of the American Psychological Association said that there was a relation between violent video game use and increases in violent behaviour.Dr. Daphne Bavelier is an expert in the field of Brain & Cognitive Sciences. Bavelier presented the audience with a colour-word test, where non-gamers are easily puzzled by the test, and those who spend long periods playing on their computers are more likely to pass the test with flying colours.“Actually, those video game players have many other advantages in terms of attention,” said Bavelier, “and one part of attention which is also improved for the better is our ability to follow the movements of objects.”“So, in a sense, when we think about the influence of video games on the brain, it’s very similar to the influence of wine on the health. There are some very poor uses of wine. There are some very poor uses of video games. But when drunk in reasonable amounts, and at the right age, wine can be very good for health,” said Bavelier.4. What can be learned from Simone Kuhn’s study？A. Video games make you happier.B. Video games make your brain grow.C. Video games play a key role in memory.D. Video games teach you how to learn fast.5. What was Dr. Mark Appelbaum’s attitude towards video games？A. He was against them.B. He was hopeful of them.C.He was in favour of them.D. He was uncertain about them.6. Which of the following may Dr. Daphne Bavelier agree with？A. Video games fix attention problems.B. Video games make kids do well in exams.C. Video games encourage violent behaviour.D. Video games help increase colour knowledge.7. Why are the uses of wine mentioned in the last paragraph？A. To remind people to avoid video games.B. To show the disadvantages of video games.C. To help people learn more about video games.D.To ask people to make good use of video games.CItaly's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. ButMilannow wants to change it.The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a smallisland of greenery in the heart ofMilan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the greenMilanproject will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show thatMilanexperiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to theAlps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.TheVerticalForesthas attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. TheVerticalForest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.8. What change doesMilanplan to make?A. Planting more trees.B. Creating a new fashion style.C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.9. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan?A. It costs a lot.B. It is unpractical.C. It fails to attract people's attention.D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.10. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Disappointed.D. Unconcerned.11. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. Specifics of the city's plan.B. Challenges faced by the city.C. The aim of theVerticalForestproject.D. The positive effect of theVerticalForestproject.DThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to theworld. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.12. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.13. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.14. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.15. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

嘉定区2020高三一模英语试卷

嘉定区2020学年高三第一次质量调研测试英语试卷(满分140分考试时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10分)Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Tuesday. D. Sunday.2. A. In a bank. B. At a library.C. At a car dealership.D. In an insurance company.3. A. Job details. B. A phone call. C. Career development. D. Student inquires.4. A. He comes to class despite the illness. B. He is not the man the woman is thinking of.C. He is feeling much better now.D. He is surprised that the woman is sick.5. A. He doesn’t want to watch the film. B. He doesn’t know the way to the cinema.C. He wants to avoid the traffic jam.D. He leaves the cinema during rush hours.6. A. To make full use of the oil. B. To replace oil with electricity.C. To find other forms of energy.D. To completely rely on clean energy.7. A. He is physically unhealthy. B. He doesn’t like places with loud sound.C. He is unable to fall asleep.D. He has some psychological problems.8. A. The man can phone the kitchen at midnight.B. 1 am is outside the working hours of kitchen staff.C. Milk and pizza are not available at midnight.D. The kitchen staff are too tired to make dinner.9. A. To get the lecture schedule for the woman.B. To find out where the lecture is to be held.C. To copy a new schedule for the woman.D. To pick up the woman from the library.10. A. Betty was going to have a baby.B. Janice was very rude to a friend.C. Betty was impolite towards a customer.D. Janice had a fight with one customer.Section B (15分)Directions:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To offer them more gift choices. B. To make herself popular among them.C. To help them build confidence.D. To advertise for American Girl dolls.12. A. She praised Alice’s effort. B. She wanted to work with Alice.C. She asked Alice to make more dolls.D. She advised Alice to be more creative.13. A. All children should receive free medical treatment.B. Children with differences deserve a doll just like them.C. Blind children need light to help them see more clearly.D. The doll’s hair must match that of the owner’s.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Guess people’s names based on their appearances.B. Remember people’s names when seeing their photos.C. Change their names in order not to be recognized.D. Associate people’s experiences with their names.15. A. Babies are named according to their appearances.B. People tend to develop as their names suggest.C. V olunteers get secret clues from researchers.D. Adults are expected to live a fulfilling life.16. A. There are several ways to guess a stranger’s name.B. Nickname has nothing to do with one’s appearance.C. Culture plays a significant role when a person is named.D. Face-name matching is affected by how often a name is used.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Sending out radio signals to other countries.B. Looking for life and intelligence in space.C. Studying planets that move around stars.D. Establishing scientific organizations.18. A. They may prove that life exists in space.B. They can help find out how the universe started.C. They convey messages about life on Earth.D. They are used frequently by other life forms.19. A. He makes up the stories himself. B. Real evidence is lacking.C. Gravity stops them from visiting.D. The distance is too long.20. A. The giants visiting from space. B. The planets in the universe.C. The work of an organization.D. The life in the solar system.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10分)Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Tasting a Biker’s LifeFor most of my life I knew nothing about motorcycles. I believed that motorcycle riders were tough and leather-wearing loners. They seemed (21) __________ (look) for trouble all the time, using the roar of a motorcycle engine to frighten others off.Then, on a warm May evening outside my house, my cousincame and showed me his new motorcycle. Never had a realmotorcycle (22) __________ (present) in front of me by a close familymember. “It’s beautiful, isn’t it?” he asked. But I didn’t reallyunderstand what I was looking at.It wasn’t until August (23) __________ I was able to actually ride on the motorcycle with him.I prepared (24) __________ oversized leather jacket for myself.(25) __________ (fill) withnervous energy, I held on tightly to my cousin. Soon the bike carried us onto the top of the hill, (26) __________ we stopped to watch the sun set over the city below. I realized that was the most relaxing moment for me in months.Since then, my prejudices about motorcycle bikers (27) __________ (start) to shift. On the back of a motorcycle, (28) __________ (place) all your trust in someone to get you safely home is a way to remind you of the love they have for you. Later, whenever my cousin was gone on a Saturday ride, I would try on his leathers and look in the mirror, wondering if I was (29) __________ a biker myself.Maybe the most important lesson, though, is that you really can’t judge a man by his appearance, (30) __________ __________ __________ much leather he wears. Motorcycle bikers are not scary, or mean, or unapproachable. They’re adults who remember the freedom of riding their first bicycle, and are continuously seeking to recreate the experience.Section B (10分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Noise Pollution Rules Should Be TightenedRoad traffic, aircraft, ships, factories and oil drilling are all human activities that produce noise. The noise should be better ___31___ to protect wildlife, say the authors of a study ___32___ how sound pollution affects creatures from fish to birds.Studies have found noise pollution to be linked to poorer human health. But experts say it can also affect wildlife, from preventing their communication to affecting the ___33___ with which they search for food. “For example, if bats ___34___ their prey through sound clues can’t hear clearly,” said Dr Hansjoerg Kunc, the co-author of the research, “they have to fly longer and invest more time and energy to find food.”The studies were based on experiments in which ___35___ aspects of the animals’ behaviour or other measures, such as changes in hormone (荷尔蒙) levels, were ___36___ before and after exposure to noise. The results reveal that human-produced noise affects a wide range of species. “Thus, the response to noise can be explained by most species responding to noise rather than a few species being ___37___ sensitive to noise,” the authors wrote.The team continued to ___38___ that their research did not examine whether the effects were beneficial or harmful to species. That was because such considerations were ___39___. For example, noise that affects hunting could benefit prey while creating difficulties for predators (食肉动物).“Even if some animals benefitted, it did not mean noise should not be dealt with, since the majority would still experience negative effects”, said Kunc. But there was ___40___ for optimism. “Unlike chemical pollution, if a noise source moves away, then nothing stays in the environment any more,” he said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In a recent meeting we attended, the word “culture” came up 27 times in 90 minutes. Business leaders all believe a strong organizational culture is ___41___ to success, yet culture tends to feel like some magic force that few know how to control. In our study, we find that answering the following three questions can help transform culture from a mystery to a(n) ___42___: ➢How does culture drive performance?After analyzing 50 major companies, we came to one conclusion: ___43___ we work determines how well we work. The companies most famous for their cultures maximize the positive motives (动机), while minimizing the negative ones.The six main reasons for which people work are “play, purpose, potential, emotional pressure, economic pressure, and inertia (惯性)”. T he latter three motives tend to ___44___ performance. That is because those people are no longer thinking about work. T hey’re thinking about the disappointment, or the ___45___, or why they’re bothering to do it at all. They don’t ___46___ the quality of the work itself. By contrast, a high-performing ___47___ always maximizes the play, purpose, and potential, which is known as creating total motivation.➢What is culture worth?While it is ___48___ to measure whether someone is being creative, it’s relatively easy to calculate total motivation of an organization. Take for example the airline industry. All airline companies share the same terminals and use the same planes, but customer satisfaction ___49___ widely across airlines. When we measured the total motivation of employees of four major airlines, and compared the result with customer satisfaction, we saw that an airlin e’s culture closely ___50___ customer satisfaction. ___51___, cultures that inspired more play, purpose, and potential produced better customer outcomes, and in turn generated more profits.➢What elements in an organization ___52___ motivation?By surveying thousands of workers, we found the most sensitive element is whether an organization can allow an employee to ___53___ with its mission and behavioral code. For example, Medtronic enables its engineers to see how the medical devices they’ve designed are used in hospitals, so that they can see the purpose of their work. An executive of Walmart, the well-known supermarket,told us that in monthly meetings he always emphasized how much Walmart had saved for the ___54___—rather than how much money Walmart had made.A great culture is not easy to build. Leaders have to treat culture building as an engineering project, not a ___55___ one.41. A. resistant B. critical C. inferior D. subject42. A. science B. restriction C. tradition D. instinct43. A. how B. when C. why D. whether44. A. encourage B. assess C. distinguish D. hurt45. A. display B. reward C. mystery D. wit46. A. care about B. make out C. set aside D. put up47. A. potential B. technique C. culture D. reform48. A. essential B. difficult C. bold D. valid49. A. functions B. differs C. revolves D. pioneers50. A. resembled B. justified C. predicted D. exploited51. A. By contrast B. In the end C. As usual D. In other words52. A. protest B. affect C. lose D. substitute53. A. identify B. coincide C. tremble D. interact54. A. customers B. employers C. engineers D. spectators55. A. mutual B. delicate C. magical D. preciseSection B (22分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If there is one thing we can conclusively say about Isaac Asimov, it’s that he could write. His body of work extends to over 500 books. To add to that, he was never bound to a specific field. Although most famous as a science fiction writer, he also published on many more topics.Part of this related to his gifted mind, but a bigger part was that he was well-educated. Many tend to think of being educated as the degrees we earn. Asimov did have a good degree, but his real education was broader than that. It was deeper than what he learned from instruction. It was his curiosity and his drive to push himself that took him from a young immigrant to maybe one of the most beloved US authors. As a young kid, he spent his days lost in his mind asking questions and creating imaginary worlds. He read books, and he loved knowledge.In his autobiography (自传) It’s Been a Good Life, Asimov tells a story about an encounter he had as a child when his father asked him a question: “How did you learn all this, Isaac?” “Fromyou, Pappa,” Asimov said. “From me? I don’t know any of this.” “You didn’t have to, Pappa,” He said. “You valued learning and you taught me to value it. Once I learned to value it, the rest came without trouble.” The mark of educated minds has nothing to do with how much they know. It has everything to do with the way they know and the way they go about knowing.Also, one thing that many people don’t know about Isaac Asimov is that he actually wasn’t a full-time writer for most of his life. By personal choice, his day-job was as a chemist. One of the things that many polymaths (博学者) naturally do is explore a broad range of non-fiction topics. But something they tend to overlook is the knowledge they can obtain from fiction. Before Asimov fell in love with science, he was already attracted by fiction. It was his love of Greek myth and his reading of 18th and 19th-century classics that led him to become a great writer.56. According to the passage, Isaac Asimov is a ____________.A. beloved US chemistB. full-time fiction authorC. productive sci-fi writerD. knowledgeable educator57. From the childhood encounter, we can learn that Asimov’ father ____________.A. loved teaching Asimov knowledgeB. explored unknown fields with AsimovC. rescued Asimov from troubleD. taught Asimov to value learning58. Which of the following might the author agree with?A. A good degree reflects one’s real education level.B. Polymaths tend to look down upon Greek myth.C. The way to learn is more important than knowledge itself.D. Non-fiction is not worth reading if one is to become a writer.59. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To analyze the reasons behind Asimov’s success as a writer.B. To introduce Asimov’s childhood and his achievements.C. To emphasize the contributions Asimov has made.D. To call on the readers to buy Asimov’s books.(B)Brought to you by the Audio Publishers Association (APA) and created by industry experts, this easy-to-use new website provides valuable and practical resources. They help teachers and parents discover the power of audiobooks for use in learning programs.See for yourself how sound learning can promote literacy for children of all ages.Visit to explore the lesson plans, watch the videos, and encourage sound learning today.60. Which of the following group might benefit most from sound learning?A. School childrenB. Industry expertsC. Parents of Grade 2D. Illiterate adults61. Which of the following is TRUE about sound learning?A. It can help children understand 76% of the text.B. It can increase both reading accuracy and speed.C. It can improve other types of learning by 85%.D. It can help increase test scores of all subjects.62. With the website, one will ______________.A. encounter some technical difficultiesB. have access to many practical resourcesC. watch the latest award-winning videosD. improve literacy in less than two years(C)The Australian environment department has not finalised a single recovery plan for threatened species in nearly 18 months. The last time the department completed a recovery plan was in June last year. And the department says it has no time frame for addressing the other requests for recovery plans, which include the critically endangered animal Leadbeater’s possum (澳洲负鼠).Recovery plans are documents that outline key facts about endangered animals and plants, threats to their survival, and what should be done to prevent their extinction. Under national laws, it is the environment minister who decides whether a species requires a recovery plan. Once a plan is adopted, the minister cannot make any changes that might harm the plan. It has been previously reported that less than 40% of the listed threatened species have a recovery plan. A further 10% have been identified as requiring a recovery plan but those plans haven’t been developed.The Australian Conservation Foundation said the exposure was “shocking” and accused the department of prioritizing the economic development over environmental protection. “The fact that iconic (最具代表性的) species like the possum still don’t have a recovery plan highlights how broken the system is,” James Trezise, a policy analyst at the Foundation, said. “It is a critical issue that the development and implementation of these plans seem to be optional. These plans should be developed, as required by law, and their implementation should be funded.”Trezise said the significant delay in developing the plans stood “in sharp contrast” to the government’s rush to carry out environmental assessments for major projects like the one for the mining company Rio Tinto. “The department’s priorities are all wrong,” he said. “They can bring bills before the congress for mining projects that harm the environment, but they can’t get just one recovery plan for a threatened species completed.”He said the delays would push more species closer to extinction. He called on the government to urgently address the issue and commit more resources to recovery planning. But for now, officials could not tell when the delays would be addressed, saying it would “take a very long time”. Emma Campbell, a senior official, said the department was working with an independent scientific committee to “reevaluate” which species should have a recovery plan.63. The underlined phrase “the exposure” (Line 1, Para 3) refers to ______________.A. the coming extinction of many endangered animalsB. the lack of funding for the implementation of the planC. the denial of the critical situtaion facing some speciesD. the government’s delay in developing recovery plans64. Which of the following is TRUE about recovery plans?A. They can be changed as the environment minister likes.B. They can help prevent endangered animals from going extinct.C. They document how endangered animals interact with humans.D. They cover more than half of the threatened species.65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The government has not done enough about the recovery plans.B. The endangered animal possum will be extinct in 18 months.C. The government prioritizes Rio Tinto over mining projects.D. The independent committee is vital to addressing the issue.66. What might be the best title of the passage?A. Environment department accepting bribesB. Endangered animal protection with no fundingC. Threatened species at risk with no recovery plansD. Government forming tense relationship with the publicSection C (8分)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Most Important Video Game Ever MadeTime Magazine recently tasked its editorial staff withranking the 50 greatest video games of all time. The numberone spot was taken not by Super Mario, Zelda, or any otherworthwhile competitors, but by the oldest and most basicgame, Tetris. _________67_________ It lives on in tablets,laptops, smartphones, and game consoles (操纵板).Why is Tetris the game we can’t stop playing? BeforeTetris, video games were distractions for teens, personified by Super Mario Bros. Tetris was different. It didn’t rely on the imitation of any cartoon characters. _________68_________ The game was purely abstract, geometry(几何图案) in real time. It wasn’t just a game. It was an uncrackable code puzzle that anyone could play. Your parents played Tetris, your friends played Tetris, and you’ll encounter the same story in nearly every country on Earth._________69_________ It has been included in the Applied Design collection at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. It has been adapted as interactive public art projected onto the sides of buildings. And it is the subject of an annual World Championship competition.There are plenty of fascinating classic games. Why do we keep coming back to Tetris year after year? Scientists have discovered that Tetris has a unique effect on the human brain, making it the perfect tool for scientific research. _________70_________ It is a term used in both medical and popular literature. It describes the result of repetitive, pattern-based activity that eventually shapes the thoughts and imagination of an individual. This unique effect has been used in studies at Oxford University to treat stress disorder.That’s pretty impressive for a few lines of code written by a lone computer scientist at the Russian Academy of Science in 1984. I have no doubt the first game many of us will download on the new phone will be the latest version of the most important game in history, Tetris.IV. Summary writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Tai Chi Can Reduce Falls in Old PeopleOld people who took part in a structured programme of Tai Chi found that their balance and physical strength improved, reducing the risk of falls, according to a paper in the latest Journal of Advanced Nursing.Researchers studied a group of fall-prone (易摔跤的) adults, with an average age of 78, living in residential care. 29 people undertook a 12-week Tai Chi programme and the other 30 formed the non-exercise control group. The exercise programme consisted of 10 minutes of warming-up exercises, 20 minutes of Sun-style Tai Chi movement and 5 minutes of cooling down exercises.During the exercise, traditional instrumental music was used. It helped the group maintain slow and continuous movements and provide a comforting effect.Both groups underwent a series of tests before and after the 12-week exercise programme. They measured their muscle strength, balance and confidence in avoiding falls. Researchers analyzed the data and compared them with those of the non-exercise control group. They found that the physical fitness of the exercise group showed significant improvement, with stronger knee and ankle muscles, improved flexibility and better balance.Tai Chi, an ancient Chinese martial art (武术), consists of a series of slow, gentle, continuous movements. It is particularly suitable for old people as it helps them to develop stronger muscles and better balance and concentration. “Our study shows that low-intensity exercise such as Tai Chi has great potential for health promotion. It can help old people to avoid falls by developing their balance, muscle strength and confidence,” says Professor Song. “We believe that regular exercise should be a fundamental part of caring for old people living both in the community and in residential care.”V. Translation (15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我认为他的行为不值得称赞。

2020届上海市嘉定区高三英语一模试卷(含答案及听力)

2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷（满分140分考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. Terrific. B. Tough. C. Exciting.D. Well-paid.2. A. Have her parents live on campus.B. Call local hotels again in a few days.C. Phone the Cliffside Inn for a reservation.D. Ask her parents to come on another weekend.3. A. Put on a coat at once. B. Exchange the tickets.C. Take care of his cold.D. Watch the game at home.4. A. She has to post a letter instead. B. She can’t send the message right now.C. She’s not sure if the computer is fixed.D. She has to turn down the man’s request.5. A. The book is much too long. B. He hasn’t read the book yet.C. He seldom reads such a book.D. The book is very interesting.6. A. He has already seen the film. B. He is unlikely to go to the cinema.C. He has just recovered from the flu.D. He doesn’t think highly of the film.7. A. Think about getting a job at another place. B. Find a suitable job to work happily.C. Sign up for more than one journalism class.D. Call the news agency about the job.8. A. She wishes she had seen the play.B. The scenery could have been more realistic.C. The makeup wasn’t as good as the scenery.1D. The actors should have worn ancient makeup.9. A. She contacts her parents occasionally.B. She phones her parents regularly at weekends.C. She visits her parents when the fares are down.D. She often calls her parents regardless of the rate.10. A. They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.B. They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.C. The assignment looks easy but actually quite difficult.D. The assignment is difficult for them to complete on time.Section B （15分）Directions:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversationwill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. How to share responsibilities. B. How to motivate themselves.C. How to respond to challenges.D. How to code computer games.12. A. They don’t receive grades. B. They don’t have to take exams.C. They can do whatever they like.D. They must study math and English.13. A. More schools are trying the creative approach to teaching.B. More students are being sent to hike across the Alps.C. More teenagers are coming to study at the school.D. More teachers are designing “challenge” projects.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To take photos for an investigation.B. To pursue his hobby of photography.2C. To recover from an illness and gain health.D. To further his interest in the American West.15. A. Walter Smith began to study Blackfoot culture as a part-time job.B. The Blackfoot community was a great attraction to other Americans.C. Walter Smith was devoted to protecting and spreading Blackfoot culture.D. The Blackfoot officially received its name for the color of their footwear.-long dream to enter the Blackfoot world.16. A. Walter Smith’s lifeB. Walter Smith’s efforts to save an endangered culture.C. Walter Smith’s journey to Blackfoot’s community.D. The precious pictures of the Blackfoot Indians.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Talking about the latest movies freely online. B. Watching movies on the bigtheatre screens.C. Watching movies with her best friends.D. Seeing new movies onweekends.18. A. Because he wants to save money and snacks as well.B. Because he can avoid being influenced by spoilers (剧透).C. Because he wants to interact freely while watching movies.D. Because action movies shown at the theatre have the similar plot.19. A. They enjoy watching superhero movies.B. They like sharing the latest movies online.C. They appreciate interacting freely with friends.D. They are fond of guessing the plot of new movies.20. A. Watch the new movie with the woman on DVD.B. Wait to be informed about the contents of the movie.C. Watch the superhero movie when the DVD comes out.D. Rent the cheapest DVD to watch whatever movies available.II. Grammar and Vocabulary3Section A （10分）Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This is where my kids grew upFor years now, I’ve beenwanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raisedour kids. But to me, this house is more than just a building. In the front room, there’s a has hundreds of pencil lines.Every growth stage (21)__________(mark) in pencils, with eachchild’s name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in ahome that’s(22)__________(hard) to leave behind. Our kids grow in so manyways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends Iknow have visited their previous home only (23)__________(discover)their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years,I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behindwhen I moved, (24)______ ______ the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stoppedgrowing. So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do (25)__________ about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer (26)__________ work is aboutcapturing the beautiful things in life. She came to our house while I was at work, and over severalhours, (27)__________(take) photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints,and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph (28)__________ we had experienced in allthose years. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, (29)__________(transform)them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me —(30)__________ life-sizephoto of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.Section B （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. emphasizesB. principleC. enormousD. helpingE. energizedF. activeG. increased H. absorbing I. benefits J. analyzed K. temperateEmphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academicoutcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published inthe journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also ____31____children’sjoy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment of teaching.4“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods ____32____information, they need tobe allowed to be ____33____and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, thepeople of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”study’s lead author. “Indeed,Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues ____34____the effectiveness ofa curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergartenteachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic ____35____is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills andcontent. The Tools ____36____ the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control,self-control and selective attention are necessary forselective attention and planning. “Skills likelearning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness (入学准备) thanintelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show ____37____ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more ____38____ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in theschool year, Tools teachers reported they still felt ____39____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in thecontrol group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the ____40____ progress my students have made in writing said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited aboutand reading.”　school,coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t w even if they were sick.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In product design, imagining users’ feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users’ heart, rather than th head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.-term success. Thus, Developing original and 41 products is critical to a company’s longunderstanding what influences originality can have important and potentially 42 consequencesfor businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) 43that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greaterempathy（同感）, which 44 creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can 45 the consumer’s product usage. Onefocuses on objective use of the product—how consumers might use the product, that is, anfeelings—how the product makes the“objective –imagination” approach. The other focuses on-imagination” approach.consumer feel, a “feelingsConsumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at aless cost. So product designers 46 this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a5product. That’s important, but the47 of usage can only attract consumers in some ways. 48 ,the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makesThis leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said,them more 49 to the consumers’ ideas.“when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead toshowssomething much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research that a feelings-based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective-based approach, theresearchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps themcreate more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping51 consumers for new product ideas.”companies’ design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly52 , there was a very successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers tocreate a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a 53 effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach.That suggests that these designers may 54 imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products that could 55 to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process andpromote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. naturalD. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefiniteD. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approachD. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustratesD. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploitD. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall intoD. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativityD. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a resultD. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistantD. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevantD. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D.taking in52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D.For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative6D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adaptD. commitSection B （22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. Ifthat job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a littlediscouraging.But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough toearn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence thathelped her treat troubles as fuel—something to elevate the fire that isalready burning inside of her.It’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatrecompany, she found herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way ofoperating—all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan wasvery direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had adifferent vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This,naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances becameless frequent. Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern atowing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style tolife.In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of herexpressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhoo d where she wasn’t constantly watched. Theexpectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestylethat drove her to see what she could do.Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was eithercompletely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she startedworking, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn’t on Duncan doubted her own genius.7There is an old quo tation “if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its wholelife believing that it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance.56. What doe s the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean?A. Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream.B. Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles.C. Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl.D. Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan.57. Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan?A. Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career.B. Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence.C. Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning.D. Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear.58. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph?A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish.B. Everybody is a genius in his own way.C. Miseries come from human stupidity.D. Teachers can impact students greatly.59. What is this passage mainly about?A. Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today.B. Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her.C. Isadora Duncan’s early experiences and the reasons for her success.D. Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style.(B)Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising.You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.89Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:? If you are doing moderate exercise ,your heart rate should be closer to the 50%range. ? If you are doing vigorous exercise , your heart rate should be closer to the 85% range. ? Try to stay in the 50–85% range when exercising by increasing or decreasing exercise intensity.Measure your exercise heart rate inbeats per minute (BPM).Look at the chart.- Find your age. If your age falls betweenthe ages listed, round up to the next olderage listed.- Compare your heart rate to the targetexercise range. ? Use your index finger (食指) and middle finger. Don ’t use your thumb (拇指) —it has a pulseof its own. ? Place these two fingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb.? Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds.60. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person’s heart rate.B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people’s safety.D. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.1061. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 secondsis 40.His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.A. “You are doing fine.”B. “You can run faster.”C. “You should slow down a bit.”D. “You should drink somewater.”62. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.(C)A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenlandpast and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland IceSheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age.The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods（间冰期）in northwest Greenland.Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holoceneand Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly speciesshows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. “As far as we know,it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone hasreported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there,” Axford said. “We were re surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙).”This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland’s sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheetbehaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland’s ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sealevel. “Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that icesheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,” saidYarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. “One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives usan opportunity to see what happened when t he Earth was warmer than today,” saidAxford.People might be surprised to see how today’s Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Gre enland and Antarctica’s ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland’s ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is moreresponsible for that sea-level rise.Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has beenhistorically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures,researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake depositsform by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores containhistory of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climateclues from centuries ago.63.Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A. They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.B. They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.C. They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.D. They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.64.The new information about Greenland is important because______________.A. researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland’s warming speedB. it can help researchers better predict Greenland’s response to warmingC. people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in GreenlandD. it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming65.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. It is easier for today’s scientists to find ancient lake deposits.B. People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.C. Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.D. Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.66.Which do you think is the best title of the passage?A. Greenland Used to Be Much GreenerB. Earth Once Experienced Warm PeriodsC. Coastal Cities Warned of Coming DisastersD. Northwest Greenland, A Perfect DestinationSection C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are twomore sentences than you need.South Africa still has a long way to go on the right to foodA. As a result, questions of hunger are largely absent in South African politics.B. Handling food injustice requires a transformation of the undesirable structure ofthe food system.C. Therefore, the government has put forward numerous food and nutrition securityprograms to fight against hunger.D. This means that smaller scale producers, processors and retailers are squeezedout.E. Hunger, lack of nutrition and related illnesses are not equally spread.F. There are international examples of governments taking their obligationsseriously with regard to the right to food.Fifty-four percent of South Africans are hungry or at risk of hunger. Hungerability to live full and productive lives because affects people’s health, as well as theirthe rights to dignity, health and education are affected by hunger.______67_____ There are significant race, class and gender differences. For example, black South Africans are 22 times more likely to be food insecure compared with white South Africans. Food insecurity is defined as not having physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe,and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.This unequal distribution indicates a situation of severe food injustice in South Africa. Yetfrom the research with urban farmers it’s clear that people do not know of the right to food, and don’t see unequal access to nutritious food as an injustice. ______68_____While there are frequent protests around access to jobs, education, housing, water and electricity, we rarely, if ever, see protests about access to food.One of the drivers of unequal access to food is the way in which the industrial food system works. For example, a few large companies dominate each aspect of the food value chain. ______69_____Because the large companies dominate the supply chain, they are able to maximize profits at the expense of small-scale producers, to whom they pay very low prices.______70_____It needs to ensure that marginalized producers, processors and retailers have an opportunity to earn a decent living. At the same time corporate dominance needs to be addressed.Anyway, at the most basic level, it requires that South Africans know they have a right tofood in the first place.IV. Summary writing （10分）71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us — even those at the top — struggle with public-speaking anxiety.When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with thesame answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” o like being in the spotlight”.To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humansregarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators(肉食动物) and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that ourbrains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. Inother words, public-speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming ourpanic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping theaudience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to adecrease in amygdala (扁桃腺) activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling inthe brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attackand start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake youoften make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience.Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to thoseneeds. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the momentwhen your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly themoment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to getit, and you will become less nervous.V. Translation （15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.72. 有些地方因污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病。

【高三一模】2020届上海嘉定区高三英语一模含答案及听力

2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷（满分140分考试时间120分钟）1.Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question -will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1 A Terrific B C. Exciting. D. Well-paid.2. A. Have her parents live on campus.B.Call local hotels again in a few days.C.Phone the Cliffside Inn for a reservation.D.Ask her parents to come on another weekend.B. Exchange the tickets.3. A. Put on a coat at once.D. Watch the game at home.C. Take care of his cold.B. She can't send the message right now.4. A. She has to post a letter instead.D. She has to turn down the man's request.C. She's not sure if the computer is fixed.B. He hasn't read the book yet.5. A.The book is much too long.D. The book is very interesting.C. He seldom reads such a book.B. He is unlikely to go to the cinema.6. A. He has already seen the film.D. He doesn't think highly of the film.C. He has just recovered from the flu.B. Find a suitable job to work happily.7. A. Think about getting a job at another place.D. Call the news agency about the job.C. Sign up for more than one journalism class.8. A. She wishes she had seen the play.B.The scenery could have been more realistic.C.The makeup wasn't as good as the scenery.D.The actors should have worn ancient makeup.9. A. She contacts her parents occasionally.B.She phones her parents regularly at weekends.C.She visits her parents when the fares are down.D.She often calls her parents regardless of the rate.10.A. They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.B.They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.C.The assignment looks easy but actually quite difficult.D.The assignment is difficult for them to complete on time.第1页共15页Section B （15 分）Directions：In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation yvill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. How to share responsibilities. B. How to motivate themselves.C. How to respond to challenges.D. How to code computer games.12.A. They don't receive grades. B. They don't have to take exams.C. They can do whatever they like.D. They must study math and English.13.A. More schools are trying the creative approach to teaching.B.More students are being sent to hike across the Alps.C.More teenagers are coming to study at the school.D.More teachers are designing "challenge" projects.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. To take photos for an investigation.B.To pursue his hobby of photography.C.To recover from an illness and gain health.D.To further his interest in the American West.15.A. Walter Smith began to study Blackfoot culture as a part-time job.B.The Blackfoot community was a great attraction to other Americans.C.Walter Smith was devoted to protecting and spreading Blackfoot culture.D.The Blackfoot officially received its name for the color of their footwear.16.A. Walter Smith's life-long dream to enter the Blackfoot world.B.Walter Smith's efforts to save an endangered culture.C.Walter Smith's journey to Blackfbofs community.D.The precious pictures of the Blackfoot Indians.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Talking about the latest movies finely online. B. Watchingmovies on the big theatre screens.C. Watching movies with her best friends.D. Seeing new movies on weekends.18.A. Because he wants to save money and snacks as well.B.Because he can avoid being influenced by spoilers （居U 透）.C.Because he wants to interact freely while watching movies.D.Because action movies shown at the theatre have the similar plot.19.A. They enjoy watching superhero movies.B.They like sharing the latest movies online.C.They appreciate interacting freely with friends.D.They are fond of guessing the plot of new movies. 20. A. Watch the new movie with the woman on DVD.E.Wait to be informed about the contents of the movie.F.Watch the superhero movie when the DVD comes out.G.Rent the cheapest DVD to watch whatever movies available.第2页共15页IL Grammar and VocabularySection A (10 分)Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank -with the proper form of the given Word; for the other blanks, use one -word that best fits each blank.This is where my kids grew upFor years now, I've been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and T=_ raisedour kids. But to me, this house is more than just a building. Tn the from room, there's a wall that hashundreds of pencil lines. Every growth stage (21)(mark) in pencils, with each child's name and thedate.Of all the objects and all the memories, ifs this one thing in a home thafs (22) 一(hard)to leave behind. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends I know have visited their previous home only (23)(discover) their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years, I've talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when 1 moved, (24) —the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing. So one day, while T was at work, my children decided to do (25) _about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer (26)work is about capturing the beautiful things in life. She came to our house while 1 was at work, and over several hours, (27)(take) photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints, and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph (28) we had experienced in all those years. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image,(29) (transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children's wonderful gift made its way to me 一(30) _________ life-size photo of the pencil linesand fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.第3页共15页Section B （10 分）Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Emphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also 31 children's joy in learning and teachers' enjoyment of teaching."Before children have the ability to sit for long periods 32 information, they need to be allowed to be _33and be encouraged to learn by doing," said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study's lead author. "Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.,,Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues 34 the effectiveness of a curriculum calledTools of the Mind （Tools）. The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic 35 is that social-emotionaldevelopment and improving selScontrol is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools 36the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. '"Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness（入学准备）than intelligence quotient （IQ）," said Diamond. "This experiment is the first to show 37 of a curriculumemphasizing social play.,,Teachers reported more 38 _________ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt 39 and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted.t6l have enjoyed seeing the ______ 40 ____ progress my students have made in writing and reading." said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn't want to miss school, even if they were sick.,, III. Reading Comprehension Section A （15 分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.第4页共15页In product design, imagining users, feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users' heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and 41 products is critical to a company's long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially^? consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a (n) 43 that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy (同感)，which 44 creativity and, in turn, outcome originality fbr new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can 45_the consumer's product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product-how consumers might use the product, that is, an '"objective -imagination,, approach. The other focuses on feelings 一how the product makes the consumer feel, a "fbelings imagination" approach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers 46 this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. Thafs important, but the 47_of usage can only attract consumers in some wavs. 48 the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more 49 to the consumers' ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, thafs powerful and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product 9s usage." The research shows that a feelings-based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective-based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies' design. Mehta said, "Marketers are increasingly 51 consumers for new product ideas." 52 , there was a very successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a 53_effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach. That suggests that these designers may 54 imagining users9 feelings. In this way, designers can develop products that could 55to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking in52. A. In reality B. In other words C. Whafs more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B.refer C. adapt D. commit第5页共15页Section B (22 分)Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is fallowed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging.But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel - something to elevate the fire that is alreadyburning inside of her.Ifs no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found herselfrestricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating ------- all of this seemed to her the work of amisguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had adifferent vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule andlaughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she isremembered as "The Mother of Dance," with much of the modem an owing its expressive style to herinfluence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style tc life.In her autobiography (自传)，one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of herexpressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood where she wasn't constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do.Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn't one moment Duncan doubted her own genius.There is an old quotation "if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid. And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance.56.What does the underlined phrase "treat troubles as fueF, mean?A.Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream.B.Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles.C.Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girLD.Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan.57.Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan?A.Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career.B.Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence.C.Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning.D.Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear.58.What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph?A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish.B. Everybody is a genius in his own way.C. Miseries come from human stupidity.D. Teachers can impact students greatly.59.What is this passage mainly about?A.Isadora Duncan's childhood and her achievements today.B.Duncan's career development and other dancers' opinions of her.C.Isadora Duncan's early experiences and the reasons for her success.D.Duncan's high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style.第6页共15页(B)Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.I , Use your index finger (食才旨)and middle finger. Don't use your thumb (拇寸旨)—it has a pulse of its own.ace these two fingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb.Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds.Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute. For example, if you count 25 -beats, 25 x 4 = 100 beats per minute.Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages.Here are the steps for usine the chart:> Measure your exercise heart rate in beats per • If you are doing moderate exercise, your heart minute (BPM). rate should be closer to the 50% range.> Look at the chart. • If you are doing vigorous exercise, your heart rate-Find your age. If your age falls between the ages listed, round up should be closer to the 85% range.to the next older age listed. • Try to stay in the 50-85% range when exercising-Compare your heart rate to the target exercise range. by increasing or decreasing exercise intensity.TARGET HEART RATE RANGES BASED ON AGETarget Heart Rate Zone50%-85% of Maximum Heart Rate70% 85% Maximum HeartAge (years) 50% (BPM) (BPM) (BPM) Rate (BPM)20 100140170 20025 98 137 166 19530 95 133162 19035 93 130157 1854090 126 153 18045 88 123 149 17550 85119 145 17055 83 116 140 16560 80 112 13616060.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person's heart rate.B.The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C.Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people's safety.D.The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90-149 BPM.61. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell himA. “You are doing fine."B. ”You can run faster.第7页共15页C. "You should slow down a bit.,,D. "You should drinl< some water."62.What is the purpose of this passage?A.To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B.To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.C.To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D.To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.（C）A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland's past and fbture climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods（间冰期）in northwest Greenland.Although researchers have long known these two periods -the early Holocene and Last Interglacial-experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. 6'As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there," Axford said. "We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated（迁徙）This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland's ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. "Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world," said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. "One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today," said Axford.People might be surprised to see how today's Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica's ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland's ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores（冰核）and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.63.Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A.They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.B.They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.C.They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.D.They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.64.The new information about Greenland is important becauseA.researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland's warming speedB.it can help researchers better predict Greenland,s response to warmingC.people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in GreenlandD.it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming 65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.Tt is easier for today's scientists to find ancient lake deposits.B.People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.C.Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.D.Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities. 66. Which do you think is the best title of the passage?A.Greenland Used to Be Much GreenerB.Earth Once Experienced Warm Periods第8页共15页C.Coastal Cities Warned of Coming DisastersD.Northwest Greenland, A Perfect DestinationSection C （8 分）Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank -with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can he used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.South Africa still has a long way to go on the right to foodE.Hunger, lack of nutrition and related illnesses are not equally spread.There areFifty-four percent of South Africans are hungry or at risk of hunger. Hunger affects people's health, as well as their ability to live full and productive lives because the rights to dignity, health and education are affected by hunger.67 There are significant race, class and gender differences. For example, black South Africans are 22 timesmore lil<ely to be food insecure compared with white South Africans. Food insecurity is defined as not having physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.This unequal distribution indicates a situation of severe food injustice in South Africa. Yet from the research with urban farmers it's clear that people do not know of the right to food, and don't see unequal access to nutritious food as an injustice. _68 ______________ While there are frequent protests around access to jobs, education, housing, water and electricity, we rarely, if ever, see protests about access to food.One of the drivers of unequal access to food is the way in which the industrial food system works. For example, a few large companies dominate each aspect of the food value chain.69 Because the large companiesdominate the supply chain, they are able to maximize profits at the expense of small-scale producers, to whom they pay very low prices.______70 _____ It needs to ensure that marginalized producers, processors and retailers have an opportunity to earn a decent living. At the same time corporate dominance needs to be addressed.Anyway, at the most basic level, it requires that South Africans know they have a right to food in the first place.IV.Summary writing （10 分）71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than第9页共15页60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us ------ even those at the top ------- s truggle with public-speaking anxiety. When 1 ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: "I don't like being watched", “I don't like the eyes on me” or "I don't like being in the spotlight,人.To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential tlireat. Those eyes were likely predators（肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words, public-speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁齐U k 腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it's absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience's needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, "Everyone is judging me." But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.第10页共15页V.Translation （15 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.有些地方因污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病。

2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--中英翻译--学生版(已校对)

V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。

(convince)73.如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。

(sort)74.这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。

(feature)75.正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。

(It)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 选举的结果很快便在全世界传播开了。

(spread)73. 警察告知了他们那场导致他们儿子受伤的交通事故。

(which)74. 太多的数据会使我们很难判断错误是由哪个数据引起的。

(difficult)75. 任何处理复杂问题的人都可能因为没有全面了解挑战而受到指责，虽然事先了解一切是不可能的。

(blame)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。

(remain)73. 完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性。

(incapable)74. 由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。

(shortage)75. 如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力。

2020届上海长宁国际学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案

2020届上海长宁国际学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheOxford English Dictionaryis available by subscription（订阅）to institutions and individuals. We are pleased to offer annual individualOEDsubscriptions at a reduced rate of $90 inthe US（usually $295）or $122 for the Rest of the World（usually $294）until May 31,2021.IndividualsAn individual subscription to theOEDOnline offers unlimited access to more than 1,000 years of the English language. To subscribe online and take advantage of our offer, please visit our personal subscription shop and use the promotional code OED90.Details about individualOEDsubscriptions:•Available for personal use only.•A single user name and password that must not be shared.•Users must sign in each time they wish to access the service.•Users can access the service from any computer.Love theOEDbut can't commit to a full year subscription? You can also enjoy access to theOEDonline on a monthly basis at a low rate of $29.* Monthly and annual subscriptions are available to individuals by prepaid subscription for personal use only.InstitutionsLibrarians can contact local Sales Rep for sales and pricing queries（询问）and to discuss their content development needs, or register for a free institutional trial.For more information, please contact our service team Monday-Friday, 9a.m.-5p.m..Tel: 1 800 334 4249 ext 6484Fax: 1 212 726 6476Email:********************1.How much can an annual subscriber in the U.S. save now?A.$J22.B.$172.C.$205.D.$ 295.2.Which is required for an individual subscriber?A.Paying in advance for a year."ing a fixed computer to log on.C.Changing the passwords regularly.D.Signing in each time to access the service.3.What is available only to institutional subscribers?A.A free trial.B.A low price.CA promotional code.D.7/24 customer service.BWhen I was 13, I lost my sight. Since then, I had learned to get about with a walking stick, but had to stay at home because my parents thought I would get lost or robbed, even get hit by a car.I, however, believed I could regain my way if I lost it. A neighbor told me that a public library was offering a free course designed for the blind. That's an important opportunity for me to kill two birds with one stone: I could practice my getting — about skills on my way to learning practical technology. My parentssettled forit.But how would I plan my course? I knew that the blind singer Ray Charles, get around without a walking stick by counting steps. But I couldn't seem to do that the way he had. I developed the power of my imagination, catching the layout（布局）of places I visited and taking note of landmarks in my mind. Every time I visited a place, the mental map I'd drawn would turn up and helped me with the direction. But that doesn't mean I didn't lose my way in the process of acquiring this skill. I'd have to swallow（吞下）my pride to ask kind strangersfor help.On those days I lost my way, I'd go to bed feeling down. But my desires to beat blindness and further my education were usually enough to get me out of bed the next day and try again. Today, I'm a published reporter and audio producer.Yes, I've lost my way at times and found it again. And when people ask me,"Aren't you afraid to be out on your own?” the answer to me is clear：I'd rather risk and find happiness than stick to safety and be painful.Now, impressed by my progress, my father told my mother, "Our boy can see!".4. What does the underlined phrases “settled for" in the second paragraph mean?A. Talked about.B. Stuckto.C. Agreed to.D. Cared about.5. How did the author go around on his own after losing his sight?A.He created pictures of places in his mind.B. He drew a map on the paper to help him.C. He was always asking strangers for directions.D.He threw away the walking stick and counted steps.6. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Determined and adventurous.B. Patient and intelligent.C. Warm-hearted and positive.D. Adventurous and outgoing.7. How did the author's parents feel about his progress?A.Concerned.B. Surprised.C. Confident.D. Proud.CCycling has long been a sport where a competitive edge is pursued, often at any cost. Cycling shorts, however, were an area that technology had yet to enter. Little was added to them apart from, perhaps, some padding to protect a rider.Now, however, new cycling shorts are being equipped with sensors to help riders defeat opponents easily. A British start-up has created a pair of shorts that uses electric sensors and artificial intelligence to shape and strengthen cyclists' muscles while they are moving. It plans to also adapt this product next year for joggers and people at the gym.The shorts, created by Devon Lewis, a PhD student at theUniversityofSouthampton, are able to send out tiny electric currents into a user's muscles to improve their cycling technique. Mr Lewis, 27, came up with the idea after studying a connection between the brain and muscles that sends chemical signals from motor neurons to muscle fibres to make the muscle contract and strengthen.The shorts, created by Mr Lewis's start-up bypass this connection using electric cur rents to build muscle strength directly, without relying on the brain to send out signals. “We have a limited ability to control our muscles naturally,” Mr Lewis said. “You can control them more exactly, get more from your muscles and contract them more strongly, if you stimulate them directly with electricity.” Electric wires in the shorts send out currents that activate the muscle. “For those worried about getting a shock while cycling,” Mr Lewis said, “It's sort of the same thing as when you have spicy food and you get that little rush. It feels strange when you first start using it but then you adapt to it quite quickly.”His idea has received support from Future Worlds, a start-up accelerator atSouthamptonUniversity. The product is being shown next week at the technology conference CES, held digitally this year.8. What's the strength of the newly invented cycling shorts ?A. They help cyclists perform better.B. They last longer than normal ones.C. They can keep a balanced comfort.D. They have tools to make good figures.9. Why can the cycling shorts help the runners and joggers?A. They are made of quality cotton materials.B. They are created by world-top designers.C. They can make running or jogging less boring.D. They are made intelligently with electric sensors.10. What may be some people's worry about the shorts?A. They may spend more than they can afford.B. They get little help from the new shorts.C. They may get shocked by the electricity.D. The new shorts can't function well enough.11.What's the best title of the text?A. The Special CyclingShortsB. Waysto Be a Good RunnerC. How Shorts Benefit YouD. Some Tips about Running FastDMany teens may feel anxious sometimes. It’s the kind of nervousness that makes you bite your nails before a big test. We spend more time online than we should. We feel good about ourselves or bad based on how many Likes and Followers we get on social media. Young people are developing a false view of life.On the screen, we see what people want to show us. People usually only post photos where they are looking their best. They are surrounded by friends and seem that they are having a great time. No one seems sad or lonely. In short, life isfabulous. But sooner or later, our young people compare their real life to it. They find that theirs doesn’t seem as fun or exciting and grow worried that they may be missing out.No wonder teachers are reporting more anxious students. It’s reported that a lot more college students feel ―overwhelming anxiety. The percentage jumped from 50% in 2011 to 62% in 2016. Anxiety is now the most common mental-health problem in my country. It affects nearly one-third of teens and adults.Certainly, we can’t blame it on social media alone. We expect toomuch from our children and a lot of these expectations aren’t reasonable. Their schedules are packed with sports, clubs and homework. They don’t have enough free time. We want our children to succeed, and we don’t care how much it costs.As parents, we must have more balance. On one hand, we push too hard, and on the other hand, we make life too easy for children. We shouldn’t and can’t promise our children that they will always be happy. We shouldn’t try to protect them from the problems of everyday life. Let them solve the problems in person.12. What is the text mainly about?A. What causes teens’ nervousness.B. How to deal with teens’ anxiety.C. What a view of life means to people.D. How to treat social media appropriately.13. What does the underlined word “fabulous” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Wonderful.B. Encouraging.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.14. Why does the author mention the numbers in paragraph 3?A. To draw teachers’ attention.B. To show teachers’ mental problems.C. To present the seriousness of teens’ anxiety.D. To show adults have more problems than teens.15. What should parents do to help their children out?A. Try to meet their expectations.B. Help them with their homework.C. Give them more free time to play sports.D. Allow them to solve their own problems in life.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

【高三一模】2020届上海长宁、金山区高三英语一模（含答案及听力完整版）

2019学年第一学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷（满分140分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questio you have heard.1. A. In a garage.2. A. Confident.3. A. Pay the fee. B. Fill in the form.4. A. Nobody thinks Jack disappointing.C. Fewer people enjoy this basketball season.5. A. He does not like Chicago.C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.6. A. House agent and renter.C. Shop assistant and customer.7. A. She has cancelled the meeting.C. She will call a meeting today.8. A. Tt is ridiculous for children to study abroad.C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.9. A. She is mad at the man's ignorance.C. She didn't notice the man's appearance.10. A. He is in urgent need of a talk.C. He runs a lab in the middle of the city. B.She holds different opinions with Jack.D. She cares about other people's comments.B. He wishes to visit Chicago.D. He thinks Chicago not worth seeing.B. Policeman and driver.D. Housewife and cleaner.B. The meeting has been announced today.D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.B. Tt is up to Frank to decide his schooling. D. It is well worth sending Frank abroad.B. She is happy with the man's concentration.D. She didn't want to answer the man's question.B. He is fully occupied right now.D. He considers the experiment needless.B. In the clinic.B. Confused.C. At the airport.D. At a restaurant.C. Worried.D. Funny.C. Find a photograph.D. Prove citizenship.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is th best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk,11. A. To state the difficulties the team members may face with.B.To find support from parents for scholarship contributions.C.To attract potential players from some other sports.D.To raise funds for a swimming competition.12.A. The committee of a swim club. B. Reporters for a swimming competition.C. The board of swim coaches.D. Candidates for a swimming team.13.A. Tt is less financially rewarding. B. Tt offers a more promising academic future.C. It is less physically demanding.D. It provides a more flexible training schedule.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14. A. By mending photographic tools. B. By monitoring rare animals.C. By comparing available images.D. By drawing accurate tracks.15. A. The comments. B. The phone numbers. C. The foil names. D. The instructions.16. A. Don't leave any footprints. B. Go with some local guides.C. Don't disturb the animals in cage.D. Relax in the natural environment.17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animals. B. Techniques of wild animal tracking.C. A program of protecting endangered animals.D. A wild animal protection organization.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. About twenty pages. B. Within two pages.C. As long as five pages.D. No shorter than ten pages.19. A. They don't tell the truth. B. They make spelling mistakes.C. They don't know the job well.D. They send many resumes at a time.20. A. Practicing computer skills first. B. Reading as many advertisements as possible.C. Trying to be more specific.D. Knowing the expectations of the position.TT. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one -word that b fits each blank.A Grateful Patient1 took a job as a receptionist fbr a vet ( (兽医兽医兽医))almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the positionon the condition (21)I wouldn't have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn't have the courage (22) (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) a young man ran up to us holding aseverely injured D oberman Doberman puppy ( (杜宾幼犬杜宾幼犬杜宾幼犬))in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and 1 ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) the skin was still attached to his poorlittle body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25)(sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26)he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. 1 became the vefs assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give tha Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast-forward about a year. I walked into the clinic's (27) (crowd) waiting room and called the name of the nextclient. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) pinned pinned against against the wall with this magnificent dogstanding on his back legs, his front paws ( (爪子爪子爪子))on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. 1 went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, 1 have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time th has passed and all the experiences T have had, T 5ve never met a dog who didn't know that it (30)(rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is onword more than you need. A. achievementB. capturedC. championedD. convenientlyE. distractF. executiveG. manageableH. memorableI. publicizingJ. reluctantlyK. revealMarketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong's first lunar ( (月球的月球的月球的))footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of allhumankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren't for NASA's clever PR (PublicRelations) team.Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the bookHe says NASA's move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing "the first positive viral event that 33 the world's attention."Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military's territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency's early days. At first, NASA followed a "fire in the tail" rule, only 34 a rockefs launch when it was successfully in the a But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It _35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “Tf it had been run like it was under the36 Instead, military,Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, thatall the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people's living roomsand imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA's PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moonNot everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo37 … didn't exist at that point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would _38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA's communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people一and international viewers一along fbr the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios fbrthe historic moment. "We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the worldMarketing the Moon."I don't know that we've done together," says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author ofanything like that since."TTT. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top 41 are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it 42 . "There's the situation, how we 43 the situation, and then our skills a handling the situation," says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. __44 experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. "A high school student or a college student might not have those 45 skills and might let a situation get out of hand," he adds.hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a Most 46 have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst ofparticular stressor. But others always over-or underreact, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental 47 . To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.48 the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships 一including physical punishment and a （n ） 49 home 一are more likely to havequiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life 50 actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals' underreactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble 51 when it really matters. Tt can be just as 52 as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it's suggested that early-life neglect or suffering 53 the body's stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can 54 parental stress. The phenomenon is well-demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association 55. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had low cortisol levels.41. A. stressorsB. responsesC. secretsD. concerns 42. A. appropriatelyB. differentlyC. normallyD. mentally 43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate 44. A. ValuableB. ProfessionalC. PreviousD. Constant 45. A. copingB. livingC. learningD. acting 46. A. adultsB. researchersC. studentsD. monitors 47. A. functionsB. disordersC. variationsD. abilities 48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result 49. A. independentB. distinguishedC. unstableD. extended 50. A. educationB. experienceC. involvementD. difficulty 51. A. racing upB. showing upC. taking upD. keeping up 52. A. impressiveB. insignificantC. positiveD. unhealthy 53. A. smoothsB. followsC. dullsD. destroys 54. A. endureB. relieveC. increaseD. inherit 55. A. between animalsB. in humansC. with societyD. of importanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thpassage you have just read. (A) I live in a second-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by sidfor well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. Tt bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solistrong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It's covered in moss ( (苔薛苔薛苔薛), ), which is, in turn, crawling withall sorts of insects. 1 have never seen the insects, by the way, 1 just know that they're there because of all the birds trying to p them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I'm eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look ouand see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When Fm sitting in the living room, readinother and, after some time,or drinlcing tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We'll be staring at eachdecide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as T write thisthe large windows open to a lovely, so evening一a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As 1 don't have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that —that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever itself home to many other creaturesasking for something in return. But if needs be, T know that it can count on me and T will protect it with all my strength.56. The flat the author lives in is .A. built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57. Tn the author's description, she implies that _____A. birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close-to-nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59.Which of the following can be used to express the author's feeling?A.Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)The Sleep of Your DreamsAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don't get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more 一and higher-quality 一sleep. In my everlasting search fbr downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here's how they stacked up.* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements) 60. By "how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means "how they _______A. make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together 61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dreampad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System 62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideasoriginating at famous institutions caused bigger "epidemics" than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. "This implies that where anEight sleep tracker? $299This mattress (床垫床垫))topper fits under a sheet and > “turns any bed into a smart bed,,, according to Eight" While T slept, the sensor-decorated pad gathered data < like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of: turns. It was easy to use, and I liked the warming / feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a : different temperature.REM Score: 8 8 (out of 10) Dreampad pillow $149 and up The Dreampad uses smooth soundscapes to help< you power down. Connect the device to your phone 、, viaBluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, / audible onlyto you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. 1 didn't drift off any faster with > the Dreampad, but it did help me fall back asleep [when T woke up at night. < REM Score: 6 6 Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution$299 . My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently > interrupted by my husband's snoring. The Smart Nora' .5 relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside ? audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, it slowly ) blows up the offender's pillow, gently shifting them 「/ into a freer-breathingposition. My husband sometimes ： woke up briefly but was soon asleep again. REM Score:8 Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System $149The Nightingale is hi-tech. Two app-enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traflfic information when you wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noise.REM Score:9idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant." says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder Not only is this unfair~~''it reveals a big weakness in how we're doing science," says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. "They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost," DeDeo says. "Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because ofthis.,,The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time一and in 81 percent ofthose cases, transfers took place from higher-to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea "epidemic" (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in E PEP J Data Science.The researchers9model suggests that there "may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: "You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don't know because they're not even paying attention.,, 63.The word "this""this" in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that .A.the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB.the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC.good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD.scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64.The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate .A.the statistics the epidemiological model provides for the researchersB.why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC.how they carry the ideas from lower- to higher-status institutionsD.the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65.Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about .A.losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB.missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC.misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD.having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi-tasking.B.No wonder people say they're too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C.Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?D.How can we learn to spend time in a way thafs more likely to lead to happiness and success?E.Ifs something that economists have been puzzling over and they've identified several reasons.F.Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far more that are worthy of your precious time.The Fullness of TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot一on average, five hours 49 minutes eachday, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don't we feel time-rich? 67One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there's the way we've come to see busyness as a status symbo important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endle ocean of possibilities, and it's easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious.68 This fools us into thinking we're being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. Wh we're playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we're hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call "polluted time'.our devices. In In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smartphones could be We're also addicted to devices.measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 69—after all you know the sort of things you You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free timeult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption enjoy, so what could be so difficis that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is mor difficult to enjoy than work." Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they'd never taken one. 70 The question still remains unsettled.TV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that uses a payment network. Sendin money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, ther is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.cryptograph（密码学）to create a secure In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would useelectronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person-to-person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized bankingsystem would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual "wallets" or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. However, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims ,money. Tn response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。

上海市长宁区2020-2021学年第一学期高三年级一模英语试卷(12月)

II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.For perhaps the first time in the history of modern education,millions of primary and secondary students may begin the new school year from home.Pupils in England should return to schools in September,but Covid-19cases21(rise),so this may not be possible.Scientists also warn that there will be many more cases when pupils return to schools.Some parents may choose not to send their children back22their family's safety.Teachers are worried about children who23(fall)behind in their school work.Parents and carers are feeling anxious about the need to balance work and home schooling.But an experiment by an18th-century French schoolmaster,Jackboot,may help them to worry less about home schooling.Jackboot had to teach in Belgium.His pupils spoke only Flemish,and he spoke only French. He gave his students a novel24(write)in his mother tongue and a French dictionary.He encouraged them to teach themselves.It worked.Learning does not only happen when someone older puts information into the learner's mind. Think about how often children and even adults learn from trial and error,from learning to ride a bike to25(use)a new technology.Learning happens when you ask children difficult questions at the dinner table,encourage them to build a tree-house or find things for themselves on Wikipedia.In the18th century,when only the sons of rich men got a school education.Jackboot wanted to show26poor children could learn.Parents could teach them by encouraging and asking questions.It's the same today.27students have the right resources28(explore)ideas for themselves,many people can"teach"-including carers and parents during a pandemic（流行病）.However,some poorer students will do worse29they do not have access to the Internet.Jackboot showed that learning does not only happen in a classroom and that human beings are learning beings:they know hardly anything at birth30seek out and develop incredible capacities.That should make us less worried about children during this difficult time and more hopeful about ourselves.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.curiosityB.inspiredC.visionmunicationE.possibilitiesmittedG.hookedH.investigateI.challengingJ.recognizeK.attentionI've always been an optimist and I suppose that is rooted in my belief that the power ofcreativity and intelligence can make the world a better place.For as long as I can remember,I've loved learning new things and solving problems in seventh grade.So when I sat down at a computer for the first time.I was31.It was an old Teletype machine.But it changed my life. When my friend and I started Microsoft,we had a32of"a computer on every desk and in every home,"which probably sounded too optimistic,but we believed personal computers would change the world.And they have.After30years,I'm still as33by computers as I was back in seventh grade.I believe computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed our34and inventiveness to help us solve puters have transformed how we learn,giving kids everywhere a window into all of the world's knowledge.They're helping us build35around the things we care about and stay close to the people who are important to us,no matter where they are.Like my friend Buffett,I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it"tap-dancing to work."My job at Microsoft is as36as ever,but what makes me"tap-dance to work"is when we show people something new,like a computer that can37your handwriting or your speech,and they say,"I didn't know you could do that with a PC!"I believe that my own fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world.My wife and I have38to improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible.I'm still optimistic,and I believe that progress on even the world's toughest problems is possible.We're seeing new drugs for deadly diseases,and new39paid to the health problems in the world.I'm excited by the40I see for medicine,for education and of course for technology. And I believe that through our natural inventiveness,creativity and willingness to solve tough problems,we're going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas in my lifetime.III.Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since Peter Singer published Animal Liberation in1975,animal rights activists thought animals should be granted the same rights as humans.Referring to scientific studies showing animals41"human characteristics",they argue animals should be protected with the same rights.So why don't animals have the same legal status（身份）as humans?The line of reasoning in favor of granting animals equal rights to humans42the fact the scientists have found characteristics in animals we normally43with humans.Agroup of scientists showed monkeys demonstrate self-consciousness at the same level as humans.This has usually served as a justification for human rights,so why don't we grantequal rights tomonkeys?The truth is,44convincing scientific evidence,the argument for granting at least some animals the same rights as humans can't be justified philosophically.An adequate argument foranimal rights would require further philosophical inquiry and not just descriptive45.We can feel pity for animals being treated badly and strive to protect them from such treatment.This,-46,doesn't mean animals should enjoy the same legal status as humans.There is a strong reason for47that rights only apply to humans.While fundamental rights surely are valuable in their nature,they would be worthless without a system to48 them.That is why we expect other people to respect our rights.The system that defends our rights is the fact that other people are obliged by49in their behaviors towards us.In our daily life,we experience numerous situations in which bad guys could50from violating（侵犯）our rights.Nevertheless,we see,of course,with some exceptions,that individuals cooperate and respect other people's rights.Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin,and one cannot51to have certain rights withouthaving to observe the duties.If it is my claim to live freely on my property without being bothered,my neighbor's duty prevents him from violating my right to property and life.Suppose,however,he breaks in and damages my property.He will then be held responsible in a court of law,for he has52his duty to respect my rights.This is completely reasonable,but we will certainly face53if my property was violated by an elephant.If we assume that animals are granted the same legal status as humans,54requires that we now drag the elephant into court.Remember,if an animal were to have such rights,it would logically also have social duties.Therefore,it is now55to the same legal procedures as humans.This raises practical questions:Who will defend the animal in court?And will the animal be able to comprehend what is going on?41.A.acquiring B.desiring C.displaying D.respecting42.A.explores B.challenges C.overlooks D.emphasizes43.A.treat B.associate C.deal D.bear44.A.considering B.despite C.instead of D.according in45.A.conclusions B.performances C.experiments D.messages46.A.in return B.for instance C.therefore D.however47.A.denying B.maintaining C.recognizing D.suggesting48.A.approve B.demand C.ensure D.reserve49.A.contracts B.possession C.faith D.duties50.A.profit B.keep C.learn D.result51.A.afford B.claim C.pretend D.determine52.A.assigned B.declared C.failed D.fulfilled53.A.dangers B.questions C.charges D.obstacles54.A.agreement B.justice C.criticism D.frustration55.A.open B.addicted C.subject D.relevantSection BDirections:Read the following two passage.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The first thing we notice about new people are their faces.The next time we see these people,we remember them because we remember their faces.This seems like a simple process.However, scientists found that it is not such a simple process.The section of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work differently for different people.Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces,while others almost never forget a face.Normal babies are born with a natural ability to recognize faces.In fact,their face recognition abilities are much better than their parents.Babies are highly skilled at face recognition at six months.But by nine months,they lose this skill.By nine months,a baby's face-recognition skills are about the same as an adult's.Unfortunately,some people are not born with this ability to recognize faces.The part of the brain that is responsible for face recognition doesn't work for them.This condition is called face blindness.People with very severe face blindness cannot even recognize their own faces.In fact, people with this condition can sometimes be frightened when they look in the mirror.They don't recognize their own face,so for a second they are startled when see this unfamiliar face.Face blindness is not always severe.Scientists believe up to10percent of the population may be affected by face blindness to some degree,yet many people with mild face blindness might not even know they have it.They have no reason to know they are different from anyone else until someone points it out.This is similar to people with color blindness.Colorblind people can't see the difference between certain colors such as red and green,until someone tells them that green and red are two different colors.There is no cure of face blindness.So for the time being,people with face blindness need to find simple techniques to compensate for their problem.They can try to recognize people by their hairstyle,their voice,or their glasses.Hopefully,in the future as scientists learn more about this condition,they will find a cure.56.The first paragraph is mainly about.A.the way to improve one's face-recognition skillsB.the fact that some people have face-recognition problemsC.the simple process of the brain to recognize others'facesD.the importance of face recognition in human communication57.When do people have the keen skills of face-recognition?At birth. B.In adolescence. C.Half a year old. D.Nine months old.58.The bold word"startled"in the3rd paragraph is closes in meaning to.A.confusedB.surprisedC.excitedD.depressed59.What does the author think of the problem of face blindness?A.People need to take it seriously.B.It affects a great number of people.C.It can be cured in the near future.D.Certain techniques can make up for it.(B)CAREERS&MANAGEMENTMany large companies now use applicant-tracking systems(ATSs).As the name suggests, such systems help recruiters track and manage applicants.They also select the best candidates and filter out the rest.How can you make sure that your application gets past the robots and reaches a human recruiter?Here's what the expert,DEBORAH CAPRAS,says.●Use the right format（格式）Most applications are removed because they are not formatted in way these systems can read and interpret:Amanda Augustine,career expert at Presumption,explains to CNBC Make It.Check which format is specified in the job ad before you upload your application.It's usually Microsoft Word format.●Keep it simpleAvoid columns and tables,as many systems have problems recognizing where these start and end.According to Alludes,a specialist recruitment company,you should keep the structure and format simple."Don't get fancy,"advises Alludes on its e standard fonts(Arial or Caliban).Excessive formatting or decorative elements might present an unreadable mess to the ATSs.●Stick to traditionsUse traditional categories,such as"Achievements","Education","Professional qualifications","Skills"and"Work experience."These systems are programmed to sort the information into such categories."There is no standard you have to follow,"says Nick Francis of Silencer,"but you should stick to the most popular or most frequently used ones to be safe,"hetells CNBC Make it.●Understand the algorithms（算法）"ATS algorithms aren't that different from the human algorithms,"Jon Shields,marketing manager at Jacobson,tells The Muse."We're all kind of skimming for the same things,"he says. The system first skims your application for specific key words,then it ranks candidates who match the job description well.This doesn't mean you should copy and paste directly from thejob description into your application.You should reuse expressions that are recognized industry terms.This is important when listing job titles,qualifications or achievements.If you're not sure which ones to include,use an online tool to find the right words.Basically,even if you arehighly qualified,unless you include the right search terms in your applications,a human recruiter will never meet you.60.Applicant-tracking systems(ATSs)are used forA.formatting the uploaded applicationsB.collecting applicants'data from their applicationsC.helping companies find qualified candidatesD.promoting applicants'career development61.Which of the following is NOT DEBORAH CAPRAS'advice?A.Check the format used in your application before uploading it.B.Keep the structure and format of your application simple.C.Stick to the most popular or frequently used categories.D.Avoid using expressions that are recognized industry terms.62.This brochure mainly talks about.A.where applicants should send their applicationsB.how applicant could get their applications past ATSs.C.what applicants must do in preparing for an interviewD.why ATS algorithms work in the same way as human's(C)In2020,we can expect new developments is voice technology.These include technology that can understand regional accents and gender-neutral（中性的）voice assistants.People have criticized products such as Alexa and Siri because they often misunderstand women and people with regional accents.In response to this criticism,the voice tech industry is trying to become more inclusive by introducing a range of new projects.One study asked people to read out different news headlines and then looked at what Alexa thought people had said.The difference between what the people said and what Alexa understood was30%bigger for people withnon-native accents.Recent research also shows that Google's speech recognition is13%more accurate for men than it is for women.A project that wants to make voice tech more inclusive is Project Q.It is a gender-neutral voice assistant expected to be launched in2020."Current voice technology is gendered,"says Ryan Sherman,of Project Q."Siri or Google Assistant mainly start out as female by default（默认）,so we asked a question:why do we gender AI?Research shows that female voices are more compliant. Male voice indicate superiority are intelligence.All voice tech only offers two options."Project Q launched in2019with a prototype voice developed by non-binary（非二元性别的）linguists.They asked a sample of4,500people from across Europe whether it sounded male orfemale.The answers were split50/50."We want this voice to be used in voice assistants but also in metro stations,games,etc.There is huge potential,"says Sherman.Other companies are also trying to diversify voice tech.Mozilla launched the Common Voice project in2019to find global voices to help diversify AI speech."Companies that started years ago with voice recognition often got their data from public radio,"said Katharina Borchert,from Mozilla."Those were mostly male,native speakers with really trained voices.There are not a lot of female understanding women.So the larger the diversity of speakers,the greater the quality in the end."The BBC is developing a voice assistant called Beeb to be launched in2020,designed to respond to users'requests.Mukul Devichand,executive editor of voice and AI,says it is also looking at how to respond better to regional accents."We've been involving people from all corners of the country to make sure that our conversation assistant represents regional accents,"he says.Dr Saul Albert,of Loughborough University,is not sure that there projects give full assistance and highlights one area that needs attention."Amazon,Google and other technology companies are going to have to involve disabled people in design,"he says."There are standard features in products like the Google Home and the Amazon Echo,as well as Google's Euphonia project,which learns the voice patterns of users with speech impairments（障碍）."Dr Leigh Clark,of Swansea University,is more optimistic,but he says there are still important things to remember when developing some of these projects:"If we have gender-neutral voices,do these become the norm or do these become another option for the user to choose?"63.The products like Alexa and Siri were criticized,because.A.their voices got from Europeans were split into half male and half femaleB.they had difficulty recognizing women and those with regional accentsC.regional accents and gender-neutral voice assistants were includedD.they boasted about the great efficiency of their voice assistants64.How did the companies solve the problems of understanding women?A.By launching Project Q and developing Beeb.B.By collecting voice data from public radios.C.By adding regional accents to the data base.D.By diversifying voice tech with global voices.65.What's the principle of designing voice assistants?A.Voice assistants mainly started out as female by default.B.Standard features must be included in voice assistants.C.The more diverse the speakers,the greater the quality in the end.ers with speech impairments can't have the priority in design.66.What's the best title of this passage?A.Expecting new developments in voice tech.B.Responding to users with speech impairments.C.Solving the problem of understanding women.D.Developing voice assistants for metro stations.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The arguments among her New Zealand-based suppliers about the use of live animals became heated.B.They can respond to questions,swim happily in tanks and are not harmed by close contact with visitors.C.He added that the robots did not cost anything to keep and didn't needtemperature-controlled water.D.A robotic bottle-nose dolphin cost four times more than normal dolphins but would last much longer.E.In nature,dolphins live in close family groups,but in captivity,they're forced to interact with strangers..He believed it's time to change marine parks to be more humane and to make more money at Entrepreneurs in New Zealand are working with America designers to develop roboticdolphins that look almost exactly the same as real dolphins.67A robotic dolphin that can nod an answer to a child.It might not sound attractive or may even sound worrying,but as marine parks around the world are under pressure to stop using real whales and dolphins,the creatures are an attractive alternative,their creators say."Marine parks have been making less money for more ten years because many people think the parks are cruel and because of the cost of live animals,but people still really to learn about and experience these animals,"said Roger Holzberg,a California designer of the life-size robot bottle-nose dolphins.68."We have to persuade marine park owners that these dolphins can make them money,even more money than live animals,"Holzberg said.69On average,bottle-nose dolphins live for less than20years in captivity but30to50years in the wild.Melanie Langlotz,one of the entrepreneurs behind the project,has a background in reality games."It became clear that any large aquarium,in order to compete with any other aquarium, would need to have all the big animals on display,such as dolphins and sharks,"she said."The bigger,the better."70Finally,the group decided to use robotic animals instead of live ones.The sample robotic dolphin,Langlotz said,weights more than270kg.A test audience was unable to guess the dolphin was not real,she added.Animal rights supportersalso welcomed the change,hoping robotic dolphins would replace real ones in marine parks worldwide.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following three passages.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.If you're like most of the world,you make time for following friends on social media.That is not a bad thing at all.Positive posting and communication can help improve your confidence and sense of connection to others.It can be surprisingly easy,though,to unconsciously slip into less healthful behavior on social media,and that can lead to anxiety and depression.New research has identified which habits can lead to troubles.Do you feel jealous every time you read on social media about your cousin's beautiful new home or your boss'exciting European vacation?"Surveillance"（监视）of those you know in orderto get an inside look of their material success is a potentially destructive behavior,according to researchers at the University of Missouri.Measuring material or lifestyle achievements of someone you know can lead to negative feelings,and can easily lead you to create tension in a relationship where there was none.A second study by the University of Missouri found that people who post often-about anything and everything they are doing-experience more troubles in their marriages and romantic relationships than those who don't post about their lives in detail.Another study by researchers at Boston University also found that heavy social media users are32%more likely to think about leaving their husbands or wives.This is most likely because over-sharing your life with others by direct messaging and posting images can create relationship conflict.Not only are you potentially developing bondswith new people,but also that bonding may deepen and affect your own relationship,according to the study of a doctoral student,Russell Clayton.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.我在玩纵横字谜时拼错了一个词，卡住了。

2020届上海市嘉定区高三一模考试英语试题(解析版) 听力

- 3 - 2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A （10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Terrific. B. Tough. C. Exciting. D. Well-paid. 2. A. Have her parents live on campus. B. Call local hotels again in a few days. C. Phone the Cliffside Inn for a reservation. D. Ask her parents to come on another weekend. 3. A. Put on a coat at once. B. Exchange the tickets. C. Take care of his cold. D. Watch the game at home. 4. A. She has to post a letter instead. B. She can’t send the message right now. C. She’s not sure if the computer is fixed. D. She has to turn down the man’s request. 5. A. The book is much too long. B. He hasn’t read the book yet. C. He seldom reads such a book. D. The book is very interesting. 6. A. He has already seen the film. B. He is unlikely to go to the cinema. C. He has just recovered from the flu. D. He doesn’t think highly of the film. 7. A. Think about getting a job at another place. B. Find a suitable job to work happily. C. Sign up for more than one journalism class. D. Call the news agency about the job. 8. A. She wishes she had seen the play. B. The scenery could have been more realistic. C. The makeup wasn’t as good as the scenery. D. The actors should have worn ancient makeup. 9. A. She contacts her parents occasionally. B. She phones her parents regularly at weekends. C. She visits her parents when the fares are down. - 3 -

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