最新东南大学研究生英语雅思写作下学期大作业

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雅思写作2024年3月小作文

雅思写作2024年3月小作文英文回答：The combination of AI and human capabilities has indeed revolutionized various aspects of our lives. It is an ongoing process that has the potential to further transform our world in numerous ways.Firstly, AI has the ability to enhance humancapabilities by automating routine tasks, freeing up individuals to focus on more complex and creative endeavors. For instance, in the field of medicine, AI-powereddiagnostic tools can assist doctors in analyzing medical images and identifying potential health issues, allowing them to provide more accurate and timely diagnoses. Thisnot only improves patient outcomes but also allows healthcare professionals to spend more time interactingwith patients and providing personalized care.Secondly, AI can augment human intelligence byproviding access to vast amounts of data and information. Through machine learning algorithms, AI systems can sift through large datasets to identify patterns andcorrelations that are often invisible to the human eye. This enhanced intelligence can be leveraged in fields such as finance, where AI-powered algorithms can analyze market data and make predictions, or in scientific research, where AI can assist in the discovery of new drugs and treatments.Thirdly, AI can lead to the development of new products and services that were previously impossible. For instance, in the field of transportation, self-driving cars are a result of the convergence of AI and robotics. These vehicles have the potential to reduce accidents, improve traffic flow, and provide new mobility options for individuals who are unable to drive themselves. Similarly, in the field of entertainment, AI-powered virtual assistants can generate personalized recommendations for movies, music, and other forms of media, enhancing the user experience.However, it is important to note that the integrationof AI and human capabilities is not without its challenges. One major concern is the potential for job displacement as AI systems become more sophisticated and capable of performing tasks that were previously carried out by humans. It is crucial that governments and businesses invest in retraining and upskilling programs to ensure that workers are equipped with the necessary skills to navigate the changing job market.Moreover, there are ethical considerations that need to be addressed as AI becomes more deeply embedded in our lives. For example, the use of AI-powered surveillance systems raises questions about privacy and civil liberties. It is essential that clear regulations and ethicalguidelines are established to ensure that AI is used responsibly and in a manner that respects human rights and values.In conclusion, the integration of AI and human capabilities is a transformative force that has thepotential to reshape our world in profound ways. By leveraging the unique abilities of both humans and machines,we can create a future that is more efficient, intelligent, and inclusive. However, it is important to approach this integration with careful consideration and ensure that we mitigate potential risks and harness the full benefits of this powerful technology.中文回答：人工智能和人类能力的结合确实彻底改变了我们生活的方方面面。

雅思Academic Task范文5篇(中英双语)

雅思Academic Task范文5篇（中英双语）第一篇：题目背景（Background）：假设任务一是关于描述柱状图，图表显示了不同国家的人口增长情况。

英文范文（English Version）：The given bar chart illustrates the population growth in various countries over a period of 50 years from 1970 to 2020. The countries included in the chart are China, India, the United States, Brazil, and Nigeria.From the chart, it is evident that China had the largest population in 1970, with approximately 800 million people. Over the next five decades, China's population steadily increased, reaching a peak of around 1.4 billion by 2020.India, on the other hand, had the second-largest population in 1970, with approximately 600 million people. Unlike China, India's population growth was more rapid, surpassing China's population in the early 2000s. By 2020, India had the highest population among the countries shown in the chart, with nearly 1.5 billion people.The United States, Brazil, and Nigeria had significantly smaller populations in 1970, ranging from 100 million to 150 million people. Over the years, all three countries experienced population growth, with the United States and Brazil showing relatively steady increases, whileNigeria's population surged rapidly. By 2020, the United States had a population of approximately 330 million, Brazil had around 220 million, and Nigeria had nearly 250 million.In conclusion, the bar chart highlights the population growth trends in China, India, the United States, Brazil, and Nigeria over a 50-year period. China and India, in particular, witnessed substantial increases in their populations, with India eventually surpassing China as the most populous country by 2020.中文范文（Chinese Version）：给定的柱状图展示了从1970年到2020年50年间各个国家的人口增长情况。

2024 3月9号雅思小作文

2024 3月9号雅思小作文英文回答：The letter inquires about the reasons for choosing a specific university course and the ways in which the course can help the writer achieve their future career goals. The writer should respond by providing detailed explanations and specific examples.中文回答：来信询问选择某一大学课程的原因，以及该课程如何帮助作者实现其未来的职业目标。

作者应在回答中提供详细的解释和具体示例。

英文回答：In response to your letter regarding my decision to pursue a university course, I would like to provide an in-depth explanation of my motivations and how this coursealigns with my future career aspirations.中文回答：针对来信中提出的关于我选择大学课程的决定，我想详细阐述我的动机，以及该课程如何与我的未来职业抱负相一致。

英文回答：I have always been fascinated by the intricate workings of the human body and the mysteries of disease. This fascination has fueled my desire to pursue a degree in medicine. The university course I have chosen offers a comprehensive curriculum that will provide me with a solid foundation in the biomedical sciences.中文回答：我一直对人体运作的复杂机制和疾病的奥秘着迷。

雅思写作大作文范文雅思写作讨论双方观点 university subjects大学科目.doc

雅思写作大作文范文雅思写作讨论双方观点 university subjects大学科目今天我们雅思写作大作文范文的文章来研究下大学科目。

随着最近几年经济形势的下滑，就业一再成为新闻媒体报道的焦点。

有些同学表示，自己在大学学的东西高大上是高大上，但一点用处都没有。

当初还不如学一些好就业的学科。

但也有同学表示自己在过去的四年里学到了自己喜欢的东西。

虽然有一定概率毕业的时候不那么吃香，但只要做自己喜欢的事情，总有一天会变好的。

那么大学究竟是应该让学生根据自己的兴趣爱好选择专业呢？还是只提供有用的课程呢？小编搜集了一篇相应的考官范文，以供大家参考。

雅思写作大作文题目Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.一些人认为所有的大学学生应该学习他们喜欢的东西。

其他人则认为他们应该只能学习未来有用的学科，比如与科学和技术相关的那些。

讨论双方观点，并给出你自己的意见。

雅思写作大作文范文People have different views about how much choice students should have with regard to what they can study at university. While some argue that it would be better for students to be forced into certain key subject areas, I believe that everyone should be able to study the course of their choice.人们对于学生在大学中拥有多大的自由去选择自己所学的东西有不同的意见。

雅思写作课程作业

题目二：Nowadays an increasing number of people frequently change their jobs and living places in their lives. Do you think this is a negative or positive development?
3Students at schools and universities learn for more from lessons with teachers than from other sources. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4Internationaltravelsometimes makes people more prejudiced rather than board-minded. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon?
需要论证的分论点：Community service like assisting your neighbor could help people who are in need of assistance.
2需要论证的分论点Sports course could relieve pressure of the students.
作业之举例子
1The unpaid community service should be a compensate part in high college programs (such as helping your neighbor or teaching the children sports or working for the charity). To what extent do you agree or disagree?

东南大学学位英语Unit 02 How to Write Style完整课文与答案

Section A Intensive Reading and WritingHow to Write with styleBy Kurt V onnegut[1] Newspaper reporters and technical writers are trained to reveal almost nothing about themselves in their writings. This makes them freaks in the world of writers, since almost all of the other ink-stained wretches in that world reveal a lot about themselves to readers. We call these revelations, accidental and intentional, elements of style.[2] These revelations tell us as readers what sort of person it is with whom we are spending time. Does the writer sound ignorant or informed, stupid or bright, crooked or honest, humorless or playful? And on and on.[3] Why should you examine your writing style with the idea of improving it? Do so as a mark of respect for your readers, whatever you’re writing. If you scribble your thoughts any which way, your readers will surely feel that you care nothing about them. They will mark you down as an egomaniac or a chowderhead -or, worse, they will stop reading you.[4] The most damning revelation you can make about yourself is that you do not know what is interesting and what is not. Don’t you yourself like or dislike writers mainly for what they choose to show you or make you think about? Did you ever admire an emptyheaded writer for his or her mastery of the language ? No.[5] So your own winning style must begin with ideas with ideas in your head.1. Find a subject you care about[6] Find a subject you care about and which you in your heart feel others shouldcare about. It is this genuine caring, and not your games with language , which will be the most compelling and seductive element in your style.[7] I am not urging you to write an novel, by the way – although I would not be sorry if you wrote one, provided you genuinely cared about something. A petition to the mayor about a pothole in front of your house or a love letter to the girl next door will do.2. Do not ramble, though[8] I won’t ramble on about that.3. Keep it simple[9] As for your use of language: Remember that two great masters of language, William Shakespeare and James Joyce, wrote sentences which were almost childlike when their subjects were most profound. “To be or not to be?” asks Shakespeare’s Hamlt. The longest word is three letters long. Joyce, when he was frisky, could put together a sentence as intricate and as glittering as a necklace for Cleopatra, but my favorite sentence in his short story , “Evelin”is this one: “She was tried.”At that point in the story, no other words could break the heart of a reader as those three words do.[10] Simplicity of language is not only reputable, but perhaps even sacred. The Bible opens with a sentence well within the writing skills of a lively fourteen-year-old: “In the beginning God created the neaven and the earth.”4. Have guts to cut[11] It may be that you, too, are capable of making necklaces for Cleopatra, so to speak. But your eloquence should be the servant of the ideas in your head. Your rulemight be this: If a sentence, no matter how excellent, does not illuminate your subject in some new and useful way, scratch it out.5. Sound like yourself[12] The writing style which is most natural for you is bound to echo the speech you heard when a child. English was Conrad’s third language , and much that seems piquant in his use of English was no doubt colored by his first language, which was Polish. And lucky indeed is the writer who has grown up in Ireland, for the English spoken there is so amusing and musical. I myself grew up in Indianapolis, where common speech sounds like a band saw cutting galvanized tin, and employs a vocabulary as unornamental as a monkey wrench.[13] In some of the more remote hollows of Appalachia, children still grow up hearing songs and locutions of Elizabethan times. Yes, and many Americans grow up hearing a language other than English, or an English dialect a majority of Americans cannot understand.[14] All these varieties of speech are beautiful , just as the varieties of butterflies are beautiful, No matter what your first language, you should treasure it all your life, If it happens to not be standard English, and if it shows itself when you write standard English, the result is usually delightful, like a very pretty girl with one eye that is green and one that is blue.[15] I myself find that I trust my own writing most, and others seem to trust it most , too, when I sound most like a person from Indianapolis, which is what I am. What alternatives do I have? The one most vehemently recommended by teachers has no doubt been pressed on you, as well: to write like cultivated Englishmen of acentury or more ago.6. Say what you mean[16] I used to be exasperated by exasperated by such teachers, but am no more, I understand now that all those antique essays and stories with which I was to compare my own work were not magnificent for their datedness or foreignness, but for saying precisely what their authors meant them to say. My teachers wished me to write accurately, always selecting the most effective words, and relating the words to one another unambiguously, rigidly, like parts of a machine. The teachers did not want to turn me into an Englishman after all. They hoped that I would become understandable—and therefore understood. And there went my dream of doing with words what words what Pablo Picasso did with paint or what any number of jazz idols did with music. If I broke all the rules of punctuation, has words mean whatever I wanted them to mean, and strung them together higgledy- piggledy, I would simply not be understood. So you , too, had better avoid Picasso-style writing, if you have something worth saying and wish to be understood.[17] Readers want our pages to look very muck like pages they have seen before. Why? This is because they themselves have a tough job to do, and they need all the help they can get from us.7. Pity the readers[18] They have to identify thousands of little marks on paper, and make sense of them immediately. They have to read, an art so difficult that most people don’t really master it even after having studied it all through grade school and high school–twelve long years.[19] So this discussion must finally acknowledge that out stylistic options as writers are neither numerous nor glamorous, since out readers are bound to be such imperfect artists. Our audience requires us to be sympathetic and patient readers, ever willing to simplify and clarify- whereas we would rater soar high above the crowd, singing like nightingales.[20] That is the bad news. The good news is that we Americans are governed under a unique Constitution, which allows us to write whatever we please without fear of punishment. So the most meaningful aspect of out styles, which is what we choose to write about, is utterly unlimited.8. For really detailed advice[21] For a discussion of literary style in a narrower sense, in a more technical sense, I recommend to your attention The Elements of style, by William Strunk, Jr. and E. B. White. E. B. White is, of course, one of the most admirable literary stylists this county has so far produced. You should realize, too, that no one would care how well or badly Mr. White expressed himself, if he did not have perfectly enchanting things to say.Part I Comprehension of the Text1. What is Kurt V onnegut arguing in his writing? What’s his understanding of writing style?2. What kind of language style does he use in this essay?3. What does the author mean by mentioning “Picasso style and jazz style”?4. Does the author practice what he preaches in his writing?5. What does the author suggest at the end of this essay?Part II VocabularyA. Choose the one from the four choices that best explains the underlined word or phrase.1. He finds himself involved with a crooked businessman and a group of thugs who attempt to sabotage his invention.A. distortedB. twistedC. dishonestD. deceptive2. He remembered how proud and haughty her face was and scratched out the word he had written.A. polishedB. perishedC. deletedD. depleted3. If you choose credit counseling as a strategy for your debt, you must make sure you’re choosing a reputable company and not a scammer.A. well-knownB. professionalC. reliableD. respectable4. He added that nature gave him everything he need as a champion-unusual strength, stamina, a terrific punch, and plenty of guts.A. wisdomB. courageC. wealthD. charm5. Qualitative research strategies of interview, participant observation, and field notes were used to illuminate the topic.A. reinforceB. decorateC. paraphraseD. interpret6. He suddenly found himself exasperated by slow moving pedestrians, and, like a true New Yorker, began darting around them instead.A. provokedB. offendedC. annoyedD. disappointed7. As one moves through this colourful world of Indian handicrafts, many intricate paintings and sculptures catch the eye.A. charmingB. elegantC. delicateD. complicated8. Many judges will acknowledge that one of the most difficult aspects of a criminal case is sentencing.A. admitB. assertC. proveD. agree9. Its charming towns and picturesque landscapes provide the enchantingsurroundings for your sparkling romantic holiday treat.A. magnificentB. compellingC. genuineD. glamorous10. Circumstances beyond my control have left me with no alternative but to returnmy vehicle to lender.A. meansB. optionC. fashionD. mannerB. Choose the one from the four choices that best completes the sentence.1. The infinite beauty of a reverse navel ring ___________with dual colors in the trio of stones that fill the center of the continuous infinity design.A. twinklesB. simmersC. flashesD. glitters2. He was early _____________as a man of ability and maturity of character, a promise fully realized in his many great achievements.A. marked downB. turned downC. looked upD. agreed upon3. When he was not quite able to follow, Newton just took the pad from his friend’s hands and _____________his own remarks into the notebook.A. stumbledB. scrabbledC. scribbledD. scrupled4. There are many reports of the Prophet’s mastery of the Arabic tongue together with his _________ and fluency of speech.A. eloquenceB. sequenceC. frequencyD. delinquency5. These stories and the principles principles drawn from them are ___________toyou for your benefit and learning and enjoyment.A. commentedB. commendedC. commandedD. commenced6. Some applicants may _________ on about themselves in a manner that may appear self-indulgent and not very appealing to the committee.A. rambleB. tumbleC. complainD. chatter7. Cherry tomatoes have a strong taste and are very juicy-this makes them ideal for creating this ___________sauce.A. vehementB. friskyC. disgustingD. piquant8. To help soldiers _________ data from drones, satellites and ground sensors, the U.S. military now issues the iPod Touch.A. take advantage ofB. make sense ofC. take notice ofD. make use of9. As the same way, we need to listen to some fascinating English materials as many as possible, so that we can ___________ our interest to learn it.A. motivateB. cultivateC. advocateD. retaliate10. Her 8-year-old daughter was adorable as she got to meet her __________, Simon, whom she praises for his negativity.A. imageB. idiotC. idolD. tokenC. Complete each sentence with the proper form of the word given in theparenthesis.1. Many philosophers hold ________ about mental properties, and manyphilosophers hold humility about fundamental physical properties. ( reveal )2. By the mid 20th century, humans had achieved a ________ of technology sufficient to leave the atmosphere of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ( master )3. Despite the apparent ______ of the water molecule, liquid water is one of the mostmysterious substances in out world. ( simple )4. On this level, a common protocol to structure the data is used; the format of the information exchange is ________ defined. ( ambiguity)5. It was expected that these images will look charming and __________, but thefinal result was a bit different. ( glamour)6. I find it hard to be _________ about a man who used his wealth and power tomolest children and to then evade justice. ( sympathy)7. The question is whether or not it is possible to bottle these pheromones and use them for our own _________ advantage. ( seduce)8. Despite the gruesome images on cigarette packs, a survey shows Australiansmoker are surprisingly ________ of the dangers of the habit. ( ignore)9. In several poems the reader will encounter the plain, ________ language really used by common man, and this goes straight to the heart. ( ornament)10. Many new illustrations help to _______the text and make the book moreinstructive to students and practitioners. ( clear)Part III ClozeDirections: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one suitable word or phrase for each blank in the passage.It is very difficult to arriver at a full description of style that is acceptable to all scholars. As such there are many definitions of the word style __1_________ there are scholars yet no __2_________is reached among them on what style is. Chapman is of the view that style is the product of a common relationship between language users. He _3______ said that style is not an ornament or virtue and is not __4______ to written language, or to literature or to any single aspect of language.Language is human __5_______ and used in society. No human language is fixed, uniform, or varying; all languages show internal variation. This variation sows the _6_______ feature of individuals or a group of people which is usually referred to as style. Style is popularly _7_________ to as “dress”of thought, as a person’s method of _8_______ his thought, feelings and emotions, as the manner of speech or writing. From the definition above, one can __9_______ that style is the particular way in which an individual communicates his thought which _10______ him from others.Style can _11_______ be defined as the variation in an individual’s speech which is _12________ by the situation of use. From the definition above, style is described as the variations in language usage. In _13________, style is conditioned by the manner in which an individual makes use of language.Middleton is of the view that style refers to personal idiosyncrasy, the technique of __14______ and Chatman says that style means manner-the manner in which the from executed or the content expressed. From the definitions above, it can be deduced that style is__15______ to every individual or person and it is a product of the function of language as a means of communication.1. A. as B. because C. when D. since2. A. conscience B. consistence C. conclusion D. consensus3. A. otherwise B. further C. moreover D. besides4. A. confined B. confirmed C. confronted D. confided5. A. friendly B. concerned C. specific D. related6. A. instinct B. extinct C. district D. distinct7. A. looked B. referred C. viewed D. defined8. A. expressing B. explaining C. exploring D. exploiting9. A. seduce B. induce C. deduce D. reduce10. A. extinguishes B. separates C. distributes D. distinguishes11. A. yet B. also C. either D. only12. A. occasioned B. influenced C. determined D. demonstrated13. A. contrast B. return C. addition D. essence14. A. exposure B. exposition C. disposition D. expression15. A. subject B. accessible C. unique D. essentialPart IV WritingDirections: Develop each of he following topics into an essay of about 200 words.1. The Importance of Punctuation2. The Standards of an Essay3. Essay Writing and English LearningSection B Extensive Reading and TranslationVariety and Style in Language[1] All of us change out behaviour to fit different situations. We are festive, often noisy at weddings and birthday celebrations, sympathetic at funerals, attentive at lectures, serious and respectful at religious services. Even the clothes we wear on these different occasions may vary. Our table manners are not the same at a picnic as in a restaurant or at a formal dinner party. When we speak with close friends, we are free to interrupt them and we will not be offended if they interrupt us; when we speak to employers, however, we are inclined to hear them out before saying anything ourselves. If we don’t make such adjustments, we are likely to get into trouble, We may fail to accomplish our purpose and we are almost sure to considered ill-mannered or worse. From one point of view, language is behaviour; it is part of the we act. It builds a bridge of communication without which society could not even exist. And like every other kind of behaviour, it must be adjusted to fit different contexts or situations where it is used. When we think of all the adjustments regularly made in any on e language, we speak of language variety. When we think of the adjustments any one person makes in different situations, we use the term style. [2] Among people who are used to a writing system, there is one adjustment everyone makes, They speak one way and write another way. Most speech is in the form of ordinary conversation, where speakers can stop and repeat themselves if they sense that they are being misunderstood. They are constantly monitoring themselves as their message comes across to the listeners. But writers cannot do this. (1) They often monitor what they write, of course, going back over their writing to see that it isclear and unambiguous; but this is before the communication occurs, not while it is happening. Once writers have passed their writing on to someone else, they cannot change it.[3] Speakers can use intonation, stress, and pauses to help make their meaning clear. A simple sentence like “John kept my pencil” may, by a shift in the stress and intonation patterns, single out through contrast whether John rather than someone else kept the pencil, whether John kept rather that just borrowed the pencil, or whether it was a pencil or a pen or something else that he kept.[4] (2) It is true that writers have the special tools of various punctuation marks and sometimes typographical helps like capitals, italic letters, heavy type and the like; but these do not quite take the place of the full resources of the spoken language. The sentence “Cindy only had five dollars” is not likely to be misinterpreted when spoken with light stress and no more than level pitch on “only”, but in writing it could easily be taken to mean something else. To prevent ambiguity, skillful writers could change the word order to “Cindy had only five dollars”if they wanted “only”to modify “five”. They would shift “only” to the beginning 0f the sentence if they wanted it to modify “Cindy”.[5] This simple example shows that good writers do try to avoid ambiguity. (3) As writers, they like a structure that is compact; as speakers, thinking aloud, they produce sentences that are looser, less complex, perhaps even rather jumbled. Notice, for instance, that the first sentence in the first letter to Ann Landers reads, “You have made plenty of trouble for me and I want you to know it.” Like most letters to Ann Landers, this is really talk written down. The sentence contains two ideas and treatsthem as equals. If one is really dependent upon the other, a good writer would have written “I want you to know that you have made plenty of trouble for me.”This is not to deny the effectiveness of the original sentence in this very informal letter. [6] Speech makes more use of contracted forms. “He is” (she is) and “he has” (she has ) become “he’s”(she’s); “cannot” becomes “can’t”; “they are ” become “they’re”; “it is”becomes “’tis”or “it’s”; and with a more noticeable change, “will not”becomes “won’t”. So in the conversational letters to Ann Landers, contractions abound, but in the carefully prepared manuscript speeches of the Reverend Martin Luther King and President Kennedy, there are no contracted forms.[7] Besides the difference between speech and writing there is a difference between formality and informality. A formal message is organized and well-rounded; it usually deals with a serious and important topic. Most formal language is intended to be read. Since there is no opportunity to challenge or question the writer when it is being read, the message has to be self-contained and logically ordered.[8] At the opposite pole is the language of casual and familiar speech among friends and relatives, between people who have some kind of fellow feeling for one another. The speaker or writer is simply being him-or herself. This person knows that the others involved – rarely more than five-see and accept the speaker for what he or she is. (4) The speaker also assumes that the others know him or her well enough to make unnecessary any background information for everything that is used. The writer who signed herself “Weepers Finders”assumed that whoever read the letter would recognize the saying, “Finders keepers, losers weepers.”In contrast to the formal style, this style may be called the casual style.[9] There is also a recognizable midpoint between the formal and the casual. There are situations less rigid than the ceremonial address or the formal written message but also more structured than intimate conversation. These permit some response; there is a certain amount of give and take. Yet each speaker will feel the need to be quite clear, sometimes to explain background for the other person’s benefit or in order to prevent misunderstanding or embarrassment. This middle style is known as the consultative style. It should be noted that the consultative style can allow contractions, but rarely would use slang or the incomplete expressions of the casual style.[10] It should not be thought that speech is always informal and writing always formal. (5) The casual style is spoken more often than it is written, but it is found also in letters between friends or family members, possibly in diaries and journals, and sometimes in newspaper columns. Formal English is typically written but may also be spoken after having first been written down. Much consultative speech is spoken, but a fair amount of writing also has the same need for full explanation even if it is otherwise quite informal.[11] Of course, none of there styles or modes of communication is better than any other. The spoken word and the printed page are simply two different ways to communicate. Some people have thought that formal English is “the best”of the stylistic variants, but it is not. Of course, President Kennedy could not have substituted the quite casual “Nobody’s here today to whoop it up for the Democrats”for “We observe today not a victory of party”; but if he had ever used the formal public speaking style at a dinner table, he would have bored everyone there. Intelligent adjustment to the situation is the real key to the effective use of language.[12] In some respects the English language raises certain problems. In conversation some languages allow an easy distinction between the formal and the informal through their dual system of pronouns. In French, for example, intimacy on the one hand or social distance on the other are overtly marked by a choice between “tu” and “vous”. English lacks such a system, but it does have a complex code of choices of title, title and surname, surname alone, given name alone and nickname, as “Doctor”, “Doctor Stevens”, “Stevens ” , “Charles”, “Charley”, and “Chuck”.[13] Another problem arises because of the two-layered nature of the English vocabulary. One layer consists of short, familiar words largely of native English origin ( house, fire, red, green , make, talk); the other of much longer words, chiefly taken from Latin and French ( residence, domicile, conflagration, scarlet, verdant, manufacture, conversation). But it is an oversimplification to equate the popular words with the casual style and the learned words with the formal style. We must admit that many Americans, especially in bureaucratic contests, are fond of big, windy words-words that are often awkward and sometimes inexact.[14] Although adjustment is the key to good use of the various styles, it poses problems for the student coming to English from another language, It is hard enough to become proficient in just one of the styles without having to switch from one style to another. The causal style, in particular, is not easily acquired by the nonnative speaker. Happily, this problem is not too serious. Native speakers of English are much readier to accept the features of the consultative style in a causal situation than to accept casual features in a noncasual situation. Indeed, many Americans are likely to credit a consultative speaker with greater correctness in using English than theyhave themselves. But even if only this one style is acquired, it is important for learners to recognize the other styles when they meet them in speech or writing and to have some sense of the situations that call for their use.Part A Translate English into ChineseI.Translate the underlined sentences in the above text into Chinese.II.Translate the first and the last paragraph in the above text into Chinese.Part B Translate Chinese into EnglishI. Translate the following sentences into English with the words or phrases inthe passage in Section B.1. 在当代英语中有许多新的语言现象，这些现象并不总是符合公认的语法规则的。

【第44期】雅思大作文8分范文中英对照及关键句型

【第44期】雅思大作文8分范文中英对照及关键语句汇总本期Topic1.城市交通问题与解决方案Urban transportation poses significant challenges in many cities. To what extent do you believe traffic congestion and pollution are problems, and what measures can be taken to address these issues and promote sustainable urban mobility?城市交通在许多城市面临重大挑战。

你认为交通拥堵和污染在多大程度上是问题，可以采取哪些措施来解决这些问题，推动可持续的城市交通？2.全球气候变化与个人责任Global climate change is a pressing issue. To what extent do you think individuals should take personal responsibility for reducing their carbon footprint, and what role can governments play in encouraging and enforcing sustainable practices at both individual and industrial levels?全球气候变化是一个紧迫的问题。

你认为个人在多大程度上应该对减少碳足迹负有个人责任，政府在鼓励和执行个人和工业层面的可持续实践中可以发挥怎样的作用？3.家庭与社会支持Family and social support are crucial for individual well-being. To what extent do you think strong family ties contribute to a person's success and happiness, and what measures can be taken to enhance social support systems for individuals who may lack familial assistance?家庭和社会支持对个体幸福至关重要。

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On the Delay of Geographical Caching Methods in Two-Tiered Heterogeneous Networks
Abstract
We consider a hierarchical network that consists of mobile users, a
two-tiered cellular network (namely small cellsand macro cells) and central routers, each of which follows a Poisson point process (PPP). In
this scenario, small cells with limited-capacity backhaul are able to cache content under a given set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints. Moreover, we consider three different content popularity models, namely fixed content popularity, distance-dependent and load-dependent,in order to model the spatio-temporal behavior of users’　content request patterns. We derive expressions for the average delay of users assuming perfect knowledge of content popularity distributions and randomized caching policies. Although the trend of the average delay for
all three content popularity models is essentially identical, our results show that the overall performance of cached-enabled heterogeneous networks can be substantially improved, especially under the load dependentcontent popularity model.
Besides, Because of the limitation of research conditions, the total network delay, network cost and optimization of network parameters are
not analyzed.
Keywords: edge caching, Poisson point process, stochastic geometry, mobile wireless networks, 5G
Introduction
It is known that content caching in 5G heterogeneous wireless networks improves the system performance, and is of high importance in limited-backhaul scenarios. Most existing literature focuses on the characterization of key performance metrics neglecting the backhaul limitations and the spatio-temporal content popularity profiles. In this work, we analyze the gains of caching in heterogeneous network deployment, and consider the average delay as a performance metric.
Firstly we use passion point process (PPP) method to build the model. This heterogeneous network consists of mobile terminals (users), cache-enabled s mall base stations (SBSs), macro base stations (MBSs)。