英语(二)优化标准预测试卷(二)

英语(二) 优化标准预测试卷(二)第一部分:阅读判断(第1 ~ 10 题，每题 1 分，共10 分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

The First Settlement in North AmericaIt is very difficult to say just when colonization began. The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south, a great interest in gold and adventure, and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was established as a trader in Bristol, England, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, with its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a “legal” title to North America. But for a long time afterwards the Europeans’ interest in America was mainly confined to the Spanish activities further south.The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus’s first voyage. The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England, calling it Virginia. In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island, but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake, in 1587. A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1670. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies, a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol. It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area. The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves to the company. Allwere men and the experiment was not very successful. Many died. Those who survived lived in miserable conditions. By 1619 the colony had only a thousand people.1.We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century.( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. With John Cabot’s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497, theBritish Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America.( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America Occurred in the 1580s. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. Sir Walter Raleigh sent some people to Virginia for a year in 1585. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned8. The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1670. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned9. The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned10. The first settlers in Virginia were all slaves mixed with men and women. ( )A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第二部分：阅读选择（第11 ~ 15题，每题 2 分，共10 分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项。

The Operation of International AirlinesInternational airlines have rediscovered the business traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead, companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality.Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. The net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure.Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch—the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperette seats, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep. Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft.The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. Luggage handing is being improved. Regrettably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and Customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent.Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler—the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. The practice id particularly widespread in Europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.11. According to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to _____.A. keep in mind the need of the executives onlyB. satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense of the executivesC. try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing faresD. cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of the jets12. The following are all mentioned as reasons why the airlines are having a hard timeEXCEPT that __________.A. the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time lowB. there is no increase in the number of passengersC. there are more seats on the planes than neededD. the competition between airlines is strong13. The improvements the airlines attempt at include all the following EXCEPT___________.A. making their seats more comfortableB. providing better food during flightsC. showing more movies during the long flightsD. offering sleeperettes to first-class passengers14. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to _________.A. making sure the departures are not delayedB. the efficient handing procedureC. speeding up customs procedureD. the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges15. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustratesthe airlines?A. They do not book their seats in advance.B. They do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take.C. They do not travel on the flight they have booked.D. They do not pay in advance for the seats they book.第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16 ~ 25题，每题 1 分，共10 分）阅读下面短文。