小学英语基础知识

right—write aren’t—aunt for—four know—no hear—here by—buy—bye
2020/9/17
• long—short tall—short large—small
• new—old
young—old thick—thin
• fat—thin afraid—brave hungry—full happy—sad wet—dry hot—cold
小学英语基础知识
字母
1、26个字母（听、说、读、写过关）（所有的大 写字母占上两格）:
•A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
•R S T U V W X Y Z
•a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p
2020/9/17
•q r s t u v w x y z
2020/9/17
• f、fe结尾，去f、fe，变为ies
• shelf—shelves leaf—leaves
• wolf—wolves
knife—knives
• scarf---scarves 特殊情况 child—children mouse—mice
foot—feet tooth—teeth sheep—sheep people—people fish—fish(表示数量)
• warm—cool rough—smooth soft—hard
• white—black fast—slow good—bad
• beautiful—ugly cheap—dear right—wrong
2020/9/17
• clean—dirty early—late noise—quiet • easy—difficult in—out up—down • left—right east—west south—north • on—under in front of—behind • come—go sit—stand here—there • put on—take off get on—get off • turn on—turn off
• 词尾s, x, sh, ch,o直接加上-es。 • f, fe为结尾，加-s之前要变ve。 • "辅音字母＋y"来结尾，y变i再加-es没问题。 • 部分词尾字母若是o，加-es有tomato和potato。
– 不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记，oo常常变ee, foot -feet;男人、女人a改e, man→men; 特殊 child→children等。
They’re=they are they’re not=they are not
He’s=he is
he isn’t=he is not
n’t=she is not
It’s=it is
it isn’t=it is not
2020/9/17
名词单数变复数
– 规则变化：名词单数变复数，一般加-s没有错。
2020/9/17
• many—much • some—any • how many—how much • nice—beautiful
2020/9/17
• pear—pair • see—sea • who’s—whose • to—two—too • where—wear • there—their • flour--flower
2020/9/17
动词的现在分词
• 1、一般情况加ing • cross--crossing
Be动词用法口诀：我用am，你用are，
Is连着他，她，它；
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are， 变否定，更容易，（be）后加not就可以， 变问句，往前提，句末问号莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，举手大卸磨迟疑。
I’m=I am
I’m not=I am not
you’re=you are you’re not=you are not
sunglass—sunglasses dress—dresses
• box—boxes
fox—foxes
• dish—dishes
• bench—benches branch—branches sandwich--sandwiches brush—brushes watch--- watches
2020/9/17
• 辅音字母+y结尾，变为ies
• family—families baby—babies
• body—bodies
aviary—aviaries
• fly—flies
library--libraries
butterfly--butterflies country—countries
• Birthday--birthdays
人称
形容词性物主代词
单数
复数
形容词性 名词性物 形容词性 名词性物 物主代词 主代词 物主代词 主代词
第一人称 my
mine our ours
第二人称 your
第三人称
2020/9/17
his her its
yours
his hers its
your yours their theirs
Be动词的用法
man—men pliceman—policemen
2020/9/17
• 不可数名词无复数形式 • milk tea water juice coffee • soup rice bread jam honey • butter flour glue paper sugar • salt hair ice tape money corn • hay grass rain typhoon thunder • homework time rubbish ink snow • wind chicken cabbage fish
– 不可数名词的复数使用原型。如：water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep…
2020/9/17
• o、s、x、ch、sh结尾的加es
• potato--photoes bus—buses
class—classes
glass—glasses