自考英语本科05844国际商务英语课文必考词汇短语
自考05844-国际商务英语-词汇部分
Unit 1: P7Transaction 交易 customs area 关税区 in compliance with 遵从；遵照conversion 货币兑换 visible trade 有形贸易 resale 转售gross domestic product国内生产总值 invisible trade 无形贸易 for short 缩写为account for 占…比例 headquarters 总部 trap 陷阱，圈套portfolio investment 证券投资 stocks 股票 bonds 债券maturity （票据等）到期，到期日 certificate of deposit 大额存单 licensing许可经营franchising 特许经营 trademark 商标 advisable 可行的；适当的patent 专利 royalty 专利使用费；版税 copyright 版税licensor 给予许可的人 licensee 接受许可的人 franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人 logo 标志；标记 management contract 管理合同expertise 专门知识 bonus 红利；津贴；奖金 flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链 contract manufacturing 承包工程 turnkey project “交钥匙”工程BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设、经营、移交stand for 代表；表示variant 变形/体Unit 2: P23potential 潜力 clue 线索 national income 国民收入GNP 国民生产总值 per capita income 人均收入 bulk 大量的；大宗的PPP 购买力平价 consumerism 消费，消费主义 income distribution 收入分布Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织infra structure 基础设施 Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体staple goods 大路货 tap 开发 hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法 haven 避风港；安全之地 spur 促进；刺激creditor country 债权国 proximity 临近 ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟Unit 3：P40witness 亲历，见证 economic integration 经济一体化 liberalize 使自由put up barriers 设置障碍 fall under分成几部分 free trade area自由贸易区tariff rates 关税税率 NAFTA北美自由贸易协定 customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行 common market 共同市场 adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元 erode 侵蚀；损害 autonomy 自治；自主sovereign state 主权国家 political entity 政治实体 set the stage of 为、、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的 landmark 地标；里程碑 signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算 banknotes 纸币；钞票 circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构 European Commission欧盟委员会 veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员 council of ministers 部长理事会 empower 授予权力multi-polarization 多极化 tenet 原则；宗旨 Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议cartel 卡特尔，联盟 OPEC 石油输出国组织Unit4：P57globalization 全球化 frequency 频繁，频率 interactive 相互作用的element 要素；组成成分；元素 value 价值观 acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩adverse 不利的；反对的 controversial 引起争议的 instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化 facilities 设施；设备；工具 label 把称为；把归类employ 用；使用 assets 资产 incorporate 吸收；合并purport 声称；自称headquarters 总部international economic environment国际经济环境double digit 两位数字 survival 继续生存 embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的 intervene 干预；干涉 technical improvements 技术进步derivation 获得 day-to-day running 日常管理 decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield 操控；控制 jurisdiction 权利；管理范围 vehicle 工具；手段delegate power to…对、、、授权 affiliate 分支机构；附属机构 mover 原动力，推动力Unit5：P71define 下定义 services 劳务 distribution 分布natural resources 自然资源 abundant 丰富的 scarce缺少，缺乏primary commodities 初级产品 incentive 刺激 specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成 remainder 剩余的，余数 hold 认为in terms of 在…方面 illustrate 说明 table 表格，图表assume 假设 efficient 有效的，效率高的 occur 发生，产生law 规则，法则 even if 即使 disadvantage 不利with respect to 关于 exploit 利用，开发 static 静止的endowment of nature 自然的赋予 up-to-date 现代的，新式的 intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力 absolute advantage 绝对利益 comparative advantage 比较利益Unit6：P84strategic 战略的 reduce 减少 bulky 笨重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的 protectionist 保护主义的 barrier障碍typical 典型的 tariffs 关税 quota 配额levy 征收，收取 coincide 巧合；偶合 customs union 关税联盟import duties 进口关税 export duties 出口关税 ad valorem 按价；从价specific 从量的 compound duties 复税，混合关税 drawback 退税refund 偿还；退还 most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇signatory 签字国 concession让步 tariff schedule 税率表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒 impose 加强 unilaterally 单方面地label 标签，标记，标号 voluntary 自动的，主动的 forthcoming 即将到来的meaning of transport 运输工具 inland water vessels 内河船只 maritime 海洋的，与海有关的cargo compartment 货仓 charter租 fleet 舰队 insurance保险vulnerable 脆弱的 collision 碰撞 pilferage 偷窃 explosion 爆炸place of historical interest 古迹 accommodations 膳宿供应 immigrant 移民remittance 汇款 undertake 承担Unit7：P84climate 环境气氛；风气 degenerate 变坏；衰退 deal 交易draw up 制定；拟就 respective 各自的；分别的 subsequent 随后的，后来的interpretation 解释；说明 trade terms 贸易术语；交易条件 trading practices 贸易惯例litigation 诉讼，诉争 entail 使人承担；使成为必要 amendment 修正案；修正条款addition 增加部分 revise 修正；修改 unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的 consolidate 统一，合并 render使得；使成为negotiable 可转让的；可流通的 vital 极其重要的，必不可少的 whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产场所；经营场所 disposal 处理；解决 departure 离开，启程，出发quay 码头 substantive 实质性的Unit8：P116set forth 陈述；阐明 binding 有约束力的 enforceable可实施的sue起诉 trade fairs 商品交易会 trunk call 长途电话enquiry 询盘；询价 quotation 报价 voluntarily 主动地，自愿地indispensable 必不可少的 validity period 有效期 offer还盘unbinding 无约束力的 invalid 无效的 sales contract 销售合同sales （purchase） confirmation 售货（购货）确认书 setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售 contracting parties 缔约方 force majeure不可抗力arbitration 仲裁 cotton piece good 棉布 cotton yarns 棉纱hereby 于此 hereunder 于下 article number 货号yard 码 overleaf 反面 bleached 漂白的Unit9：P127counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易 allegedly被说成；据说 phenomenon 现象terminology 术语 generic 总称的 net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证 empirical 以经验为根据的 reciprocal 互惠的；互相的hyperinflation极度通货膨胀 literally 照字地，逐字地 disarray 混乱conceptually 概念上地 European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值 pre-specify 预先说明 in essence 实质上的intertemporal 不同时的 be tied to 固定于 photocopying machine 复印机intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的 concurrently 同时发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分verify 一部分 sophisticated 经验丰富的 bypass 避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识 leverage 杠杆作用 tap 开发；开辟conceal 掩盖；隐藏 perpetuate 使永久存在 processing trade 加工贸易consignment 寄售 leasing 租赁 agency 代理Unit10：P141domestic 国内的 status 状况 remittance 汇款debtor 债务人 debit 借方；记入借方的款 financial standing 财务状况default 违约；不履行职责 ban禁止 fluctuation波动hesitant 犹豫，不情愿 dubious 可疑 integrity 正直；诚实periodic payment 分期付款 cash in advance 预付现金 draft 汇票（bill of exchange）drawer 出票人 drawee 受票人 payee受款人usance draft（tenor draft，term draft）远期汇票 documentary draft 跟单汇票clean draft 光票 bill of lading 提单 title to the goods 货物所有权insurance policy 保险单 documentary collection 跟单托收documents against payment （D/P）付款交单 documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单sound 健全；良好 with discretion 慎重地；审慎地Unit11：P154release 放开 gain control over 得到对…的控制 objective 目的，目标impeccable 无缺点的 bilateral 双边的 credit-worthiness 资信unique 独特的 security 安全，保障 presentation 呈交；提示undertaking 承担 applicant 开证申请人 opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人 correspondent bank 往来行；关系行 advising bank 通知行amendment 修改 discrepancy 不符 confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款 nominate 指定 insufficient 不足的 submit提交stipulation 规定 expire 满期；到期 unit price 单价partial shipment 分批装运 transshipment 转船 seal 印章underlying作为基础的 obligation 责任，义务 ultimately 最终Unit12：P167category 种类 fall under 归为…类 mechanism 机制clean credit 光票信用证 non-trade settlement非贸易结算 revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证 certainty 确定程度，肯定程度 alter 改变commitment 承担的责任 cancel 取消，作废 consult with 与、、、协商revoke 撤销 consent 同意 extensively 广泛地indication 指明，表明 confirmed credit 保兑信用证 leading bank 主要银行double assurance 双重保障 involve 牵涉；涉及 sight credit 即期信用证usance credit 远期信用证 impeccable 正确无误的 capital turnover 资金周转maturity 到期 discount 贴现 face value 面值transferable credit 可转让信用证 non-transferable credit 不可转让信用证 middleman 中间人non-draft credit 无汇票信用证 deferred payment 推迟付款 revolving credit 循环信用证renew 恢复 reinstate 使复原 contracting parties 合同各方，缔约各方sustain 遭受，蒙受 insolvent 无支付能力的 bankrupt 破产的Unit13：P180documents 单据 take delivery of 提（货） delay 延误，迟延discrepancy 不符 conformity 一致，相符 description 描述commission 佣金 discount 折扣 shipping marks 唛头seal 印章；图章 signature 签字 comply with 符合in general terms 用概括性的词语，用一般性词语表达 exceed 超过 memos 备忘录，便笺bill of lading 提单 carrier 承运人 shipper 货主，托运人carriage 运输 consignee 收货人 notify party 被通知人payable 应支付的，可支付的 devoid of 没有，缺少 liability 责任；义务airway bill 空运提单 cargo receipt 铁路运单，货运收据 insurance policy 保险单function 功能；作用 the insured 被保险人 currency 货币 settle 清算；结算Unit14：P193fundamental 极其重要的 efficiency 效率 primitive 原始的in a broad sense 从广义上讲 grocery 食品；杂货 distinct 与其他明显不同的；独特的natural product provinces 产品自然领域 urgency 紧迫；急迫 perform 执行；完成carrier 承运人。
05844国际商务英语国际商务英语商务术语总结
05844国际商务英语国际商务英语商务术语总结Lesson11.Customsarea关税区:2.Conversion货币兑换3.Visibletrade有形贸易: The form of modity trade,i.e.exportingand importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.(including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade) 4.Invisibletrade无形贸易: The form of transportation, munication, banking,insurance, consulting, information etc.is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FDI外国直接投资:Foreign direct investments.Returnsthrough controlling the enterprises or assetsinvested in a host country./P.256.Onecountry acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.6.Portfolioinvestment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.7.Stocks股票:Capital stocks or bonds.8.Bonds债券:The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.9.Maturity（票据等）到期10.Certificateof deposit大额存单11.Licensing许可经营:In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country.They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive ine in the form of royalty.12.Franchising特许经营:Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operatein the name of another, franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.13.TradeMark商标14.Patent专利15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税16.Copyright版权17.Licenser许可方18.Licensee被许可方19.Franchiser特许方:A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand ,names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.20.Franchisee被特许方:A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.21.Managementcontract管理合同: Under a management contract, one pany offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment ora percentage of the relevant business volume.22.Valuechain价值链23.Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: For aninternational turnkey project, a firm signs a contractwith a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon pletion.24.建设、经营和移交:Build,Operate, Transfer25.Expertise专门知识26.Bonus红利、奖金、津贴27.Royalty 许可使用费28.Internationalinvestment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.29.Contractmanufacturing承包生产 30.GATT关贸总协定:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade31.Internationalbusiness国际商务: Transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimesbusiness across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.32.Intellectual property知识产权 33.Oildeposit: 石油储备 =oil reserves 34.thereserves of natural resources 自然资源储备35.Personaladvancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。
自考“国际商务英语”重点词汇(14)
participate v. 参加，分享 (in)
partnership n. 合伙(关系)，合伙，合伙企业
patent n. 专利
pay n. 工资，酬金
v. 付钱，付报酬
take-home pay 实得工资
payroll n. 雇员名单，工资表
peak n. 峰值，顶点
penetrate v. 渗透，打入(市场)
penetration n. 目标市场的占有份额
pension n. 养老金，退休金
perform v. 表现，执行
performance n. 进行，表现工作情况
performance appraisal n. 工作情况评估
perk n. 额外待遇(交通、保健、保险等)
personnel n. 员工，人员
*petty cash n. 零用现金
phase out n.ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ分阶段停止使用
*pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货
* picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格
production cycle n. 生产周期
production schedule n. 生产计划
product life cycle n. 产品生命周期
product mix n. 产品组合(种类和数量的组合)
productive adj. 生产的，多产的
*profile n. 简介形象特征
profit n. 利润
operating profit n. 营业利润
profit and loss account n. 损益帐户
英语本科自考【复习资料】05844国际商务英语(复习要点)
International Business EnglishLesson 1International Business/国际商务Business Knowledge:The major differences between international business and domestic businessA.Differences in legal systems 法律体系B.Differences in currencies 货币C.Differences in cultural backgroundD.Different in natural and economic conditionsThe major types of international businessA. Trademodity trade 商品贸易b.Service tradeB. Investmenta.Foreign direct investmentb.Portfolio investment 证券投资C. Other typesa.Licensing and franchising 许可经营和特许经营b.Management contract and contract manufacturing 管理合同和承包生产c.Turnkey project and BOTTrade Terms:1.Customs area关税区:2.Conversion货币兑换3.Visible trade有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goodsproduced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)4.Invisible trade无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance,consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FDI外国直接投资: Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises orassets invested in a host country. / P.256. One country acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.6.Portfolio investment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other thancontrolling.7.Stocks股票: Capital stocks or bonds.8.Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the moneylent or invested together with interest.9.Maturity（票据等）到期10.Certificate of deposit大额存单11.Licensing许可经营: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm inanother country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty（许可费）.12.Franchising特许经营: Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another,franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.13.Trade Mark商标14.Patent专利15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税16.Copyright版权17.Licenser许可方18.Licensee被许可方19.Franchiser特许方: A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos andoperating techniques for royalty.20.Franchisee被特许方: A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.21.Management contract管理合同: Under a management contract, one company offers managerialor other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.22.Value chain价值链23.Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with aforeign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion.24.BOT建设、经营和移交: Build, Operate, Transfer25.Expertise专门知识26.Bonus红利、奖金、津贴27.Royalty 许可使用费28.International investment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.29.Contract manufacturing承包生产30.GATT关贸总协定: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade31.International business国际商务: Transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.32.Intellectual property知识产权33.Oil deposit: 石油储备= oil reserves34.the reserves of natural resources 自然资源储备35.Personal advancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。
自考05844国际商务英语(真题-翻译)
1有形贸易 visible trade visible trade 2无形贸易 invisible tradeinvisible trade3证券投资 Portfolio Investment portfolio investment 4大额存单 Certificate of depositcertificate of deposit 5管理合同 management contract management contract 6价值链 value chainvalue chain7承包生产 contract manufacturing contract manufacturing 8交钥匙工程 turnkey project turnkey project 9国民收入 national income national income 10人均收入 per capita income per capita income 11基础设施 infra structureinfra structure1213收入分布 income distribution income distribution 14债权国 creditor countrycreditor country15经济一体化 economic integration economic integration 16自由贸易区 free trade area free trade area 17关税税率 tariff rates tariff rates 18关税同盟 custom union custom union 19关税联盟 customs union customs union 20共同市场 common market common market 21主权国家 sovereign state sovereign state 22政治实体 political entity political entity 23行政机构 executive bodyexecutive body24欧盟委员会 European commission European commission 25部长理事会 council of ministers council of ministers 26多极化 multi-polarization multi-polarization27双部长会议 dual-Ministerial meeting dual-Ministerial meeting 28分委员会 Sub-committeeSub-committee 2930技术进步 technical improvements technical improvements 31自然资源 natural resources natural resources 32初级产品 primary commodities primary commodities 33绝对利益 absolute advantage absolute advantage 34比较利益 comparative advantage comparative advantage 35进口关税 import duty import duty 36出口关税 export dutyexport duty 37混税,复合关税 compound dutycompound duty3839税率表,税则 tariff schedule tariff schedule 40关税壁垒 tariff barriertariff barrier41非关税壁垒 non-tariff barrier non-tariff barrier 42运输工具 means of transport means of transport43古迹 places of historical interest places of historical interest 44货仓 cargo compartment cargo compartment 45关税区 customs area customs area 46从价税 advalorem dutiesadvalorem duties独立国家联合体 commonwealth of independent 国际经济环境 international economic environment 最惠国待遇 most-favoured nation (MFN) treatment47贸易术语 trade terms trade terms48贸易惯例 trading practices trading practices49商品交易会 trade fairs trade fairs50长途电话 trunk call trunk call51有效期 validity period validity period52还盘 counter offer counter offer53销售合同 sales contract sales contract54销售确认书 sales (purchase) confirmation sales (purchase) confirmation55缔约方/合约各方 contracting parties contracting parties56不可抗力 force majeure force majeure57货号 article number article number58棉布 cotton piece goods cotton piece goods59棉纱 cotton yarns cotton yarns60对销贸易 counter trade counter trade61欧洲支付联盟 European payment union European payment union62竞争性贬值 competitive devaluation competitive devaluation63加工贸易 processing trade processing trade64清算系统 clearing system clearing system65实际头寸 net positions net positions66贸易信贷往来帐户 trade credit accounts trade credit accounts67反向购买 counter purchase counter purchase68回购交易 buyback buyback69租赁贸易 leasing trade leasing trade70财务状况 financial standing financial standing71资信可靠情况 credit worthiness credit worthiness72分阶段付款 periodic payments periodic payments73预付现金 cash in advance cash in advance74汇票 draft / bill of exchange draft/bill of exchange75远期汇票 usance draft usance draft76跟单汇票 documentary draft documentary draft77提单 bill of landing bill of landing78货物所有权 title to goods title to goods79保险单 insurance policy insurance policy80跟单托收 documentary collection documentary collection81付款交单 documents against payment (D/P)documents against payment (D/P) 82承兑交单 documents against acceptance (D/A)documents against acceptance (D/A) 83光票 clean draft clean draft84开证银行opening bank opening bank85往来行 correspondence bank correspondence bank86通知行 advising bank advising bank87保兑行 confirming bank confirming bank88分批装运 partial shipment partial shipment89保兑信用证 confirmed letter of credit confirmed letter of credit90价格条款 price term price term91光票信用证 clean credit clean credit92非贸易结算 non-trade settlement non-trade settlement93可撤销信用证 revocable credit revocable credit94不可撤销信用证 irrevocable credit irrevocable credit95双重保障 double assurance double assurance96即期信用证 sight credit sight credit97远期信用证 usance credit usance credit98面值 face value face value99可转让信用证 transferable credit transferable credit100不可转让信用证 non-transferable credit non-transferable credit101无汇票信用证 non-draft credit non-draft credit102推迟付款 deferred payment deferred payment103循环信用证 revolving credit revolving credit104唛头 shipping marks shipping marks105被通知人 notify party notify party106货运收据 cargo receipt cargo receipt107发运港 port of shipment port of shipment108海关发票 custom invoice custom invoice109领事发票 consular invoice consular invoice110装船通知 shipping advice shipping advice111产品自然领域 natural product provinces natural product provinces112公共承运人 common carrier common carrier113契约承运人 contract carrier contract carrier114自有承运人 private carrier private carrier115中间产品 intermediate product intermediate product116制成品 finished products finished products117最大诚信原则 utmost good faith utmost good faith118货物原产地港口 port of origin port of origin119交货费用 forwarding charges forwarding charges导致损失的直接原因 proximate cause of the loss120121汇率 exchange rate exchange rate122金本位制 gold standard gold standard123平价 par value par value124储备货币 reversed currency reversed currency125清洁浮动 clean float (free float-自由浮动)clean float 清洁浮动 (free float 自由浮动) 126肮脏浮动 dirt float (managed float-管理浮动)dirt float 肮脏浮动 (managed float 管理浮动) 127(汇率)直接标价 direct quote direct quote128(汇率)间接标价 indirect quote indirect quote129买入价 buying rate buying rate130卖出价 selling rate selling rate131中间价 medial rate medial rate132大萧条 Great Depression great depression133特别提款权 special drawing right special drawing right134国际收支赤字 BOP deficit BOP deficit135国际收支盈余 favorable balance of payment favorable balance of payment136贴现率 discount rate discount rate137外汇管制 foreign exchange control foreign exchange control138游资 idle funds (hot money)idle funds (hot money)139世界银行集团 word bank group word bank group140资本市场 capital market capital market141优惠期 grace period grace period142私营经济 private sector private sector143股权投资 equity investment equity investment144经济结构调整 economic restructuring economic restructuring145投票权 voting power voting power146黄金份额 gold tranche gold tranche147备用(信贷)安排 standby arrangement standby arrangement148客户流动 customer mobility customer mobility149免税期 tax holiday tax holiday150合资企业 joint venture joint venture151绿地战略 the greenfield strategy the greenfield strategy152战略联合 the strategic alliance the strategic alliance153知识产权 intellectual property intellectual property154常务委员会 standing committee standing committee155证券交易所 stock exchange stock exchange156长期资本 long-term capital long-term capital157二级资本市场 secondary capital market secondary capital market158交易场地 market floor (trading floor)market floor (trading floor)159挂牌证券交易市场 listed market listed market160所得税 income tax income tax161平衡帐目 balance the books balance the books 公共部门借贷需求 the public sector borrowing requirement162163金边证券 gilt-edged stocks / securities gilt-edged stocks/securities164事业机构投资商 institutional investors institutional investors165期权 options options166套期保值 hedge hedge167具体事场 particular market area particular market area168普惠制 generalized system of preferences generalized system of preferences 169关税减让 tariff concession tariff concession170制度力量 institutional strength institutional strength171反贴补措施 counter-veiling measures counter-veiling measures172反倾销 anti-dumping anti-dumping173国民待遇 national treatment national treatment174关税配额 tariff quota tariff quota175充分就业 full employment full employment176公平贸易 fair trade fair trade177贸易条款 term of trade term of trade178免责条款 escape clauses escape clauses179行动纲领 action programme action programme180联合国大会 united nations general assembly united nations general assembly 181较不发达国家 less-developed countries less-developed countries182无差别待遇 non-discrimination principle non-discrimination principle183差别待遇 differential treatment differential treatment184贸易条件 terms of trade terms of trade185186特惠税 preferential customs tariffs preferential customs tariffs 187技术转让 transfer of technology transfer of technology188金融市场 financial market financial market189中期贷款 extended fund facility extended fund facility190双边谈判 bilateral negotiation bilateral negotiation191特约条款 special clause special clause192董事会 board of directors board of directors193生产方式 production approach production approach194可保利益 insurable interest insurable interest195缓冲库存贷款 buffer stock financing facility buffer stock financing facility 196跨国公司母公司 parent MNC parent MNC197记帐交易 open credit open credit198滚装滚卸范畴运输 roll-on and roll-off traffic roll-on and roll-off traffic199规模经济 economies of scale economies of scale200有价保单 valued policy valued policy201从量税 specific duty specific duty202业务范围 business line business line203基础设施 capital infrastructure capital infrastructure204布雷顿森林会议 the Bretton woods convention the Bretton woods convention 205保证金 margin margin206统一关税制度 uniform tariff system uniform tariff system207208209210211212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224电子数据交换EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)购买力平价PPP (Purchasing Power Parity)增值税VAT (value added tax)国际经济新秩序 new international economic order石油输出国组织OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)东南亚国家联盟ASEAN (Association of SouthEast Asian Nations)北美自由贸易协定NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)多边投资担保机构MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency)经济及社会理事会ECOSOC (economic social council)国际开发协会IDA (International Development Association)国际货币基金组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)经济合作与发展组织OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development)零库存 just-in-time delivery (JIT)自动出口限制VER (Voluntary Export Restriction)投资交易所RIE (Recognized Investment Exchange)国际复兴开发银行IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)国际金融公司IFC (International Finance Corporation)。
国际商务英语常用词语汇总
Aabide by the contract 遵守合同absolute advantage 绝对利益，绝对优势absolute contract 不附加条件的合同absolute inflation 绝对通货膨胀absolute priority 绝对优先absolute profit 绝对利润absolute quota 绝对配额absorb foreign capital/funds 吸收外资absorb idle fund 吸收游资accelerate growth 加速增长acceleration in money-circulation 货币流通的加快acceptance 承兑acceptance credit 承兑信用证account analysis 账目分析account balance 账户结余account of assets 资产账account of business 营业账account of cash 现金账户account of countries 国别账户accumulate funds 积累资金acting manager 代理经理acts of God 自然力actual total loss 实际全险additional tax 附加税adjustment调整，矫正ad valorem tax 从价税advancement 预付，垫付advertising 广告，广告业，广告学，广告法advertising war广告战advertising-media 广告媒介advising bank，notifying bank 通知行advisory service 咨询服务affiliated company 附属公司，联营公司affirmation of contract批准合同affix one’s signature to an agreement 在协议上签字after-sales service 售后服务after-tax income 纳税后收入agency abroad 国外代办处，国外代理agency agreement 代理协定，代理合同agent 代理人aggregate consumption/demand/efficiency 总消费/总需求/总效率aggregate GNP 国民生产总值aging-industry 落后工业，过时工业agreement 协议agreement between labor and management 劳资协议agreement on economical aid 经济援助协定agreement on scientific and technical cooperation 科学技术合作协定aid to trade贸易的四大辅助部门（指运输，银行，报销，会计或广告）aid without conditions attached 无附加条件的援助Air transport航空运输airway bill 航空运单all risks 一切险，全险，综合险allocate quota分配配额，国别配额allocation of expenditures 费用的分摊，支出分摊allocation of resources 资源分配allowance 折扣，减价，津贴，补助费already-issued bond已发行债券amount of export/import 出口额，输出额/进口额，输入额annual budget年度预算annual report 年度报告anticipatory L/C预支信用证ante-dated B/L 倒签提单anti-dumping tariff 反倾销关税税则anti-boycott law 反经济抵制法anti-subsidy duties 反补贴税anti-trust law 反托拉斯法applicant 申请人application for export/import license 进出口许可证申请applied economics 应用经济学appreciated currency 增值货币approval of export/import 批准出口/批准进口arbitration clause 仲裁条款arbitral decision /arbitral award 仲裁裁决arbitration committee仲裁委员会arbitration law 仲裁立法arbitration organization仲裁机构article prohibited for export 禁止出口物品Asiadollar 亚洲美元Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assembling with imported components 来件装配assessment资产评估，税款评定，损失计算asset 资产asset liability ratio 资产负债比率associate company 联营公司，联号association of consumers 消费者协会attract funds 吸引资金auction 拍卖auctioneer 拍卖人auditing审计学，审核，查账Australian dollar 澳大利亚元average quality 平均质量Bback door dealing后门销售back to back credit 背对背信用证balance a budget 平衡预算balance amount 差额，余额balance between import and export 收支平衡balance of payment 国际收支平衡，国际收支差额表ban on export/import 禁止出口/禁止进口bank account 银行往来账户bank crisis 银行危机banker’s draft 银行汇票banking 银行业，金融，银行学barrier to trade 贸易壁垒barter 物物交换，以货易货basic commodities 基本商品basic industry基础工业basic law 基本法basic norms of the international order 国际秩序的基本准则be conducive to （peace）有益于（平和）bear expenses/risk 负担费用/承担风险bearer B/L不记名提单become debt-ridden 债台高筑Belgian Francs比利时法郎beneficiary受益人bid 递盘bidder 竞卖者bill of exchange（draft）汇单bill of lading提单bilateral trade/treaty 双边贸易/双边条约block and embargo 封销与禁运board of directors 董事会bond债券，公债，证券，契约，合约bonded warehouse 报税仓库bottleneck industry 薄弱环节产业brain drain 人才外流brand name 品牌breach of contract 违约Bretton Woods Agreement 布雷顿森林协定brokerage 经纪费business consolidated tax 工商统一税business correspondence 商业信函business law 商法business negotiation 洽谈业务business reputation 商业信誉business tax 商业税，营业税buyer’s credit 买方信贷CCanadian dollar 加拿大元capital 资本，股本，资方capital construction projects 基本建设项目cartel 卡特尔cease to be effective 停止生效census 人口普查，统计调查CIF(Cost，Insurance and Freight) 成本加保险费加运费CIF Ex Ship’s Hold 成本加保险费、运费、舱底交接CIF Landed 成本加保险费、运费、卸货费CIF Liner Terms成本加保险费、运费班轮条件CIP（Carriage Insurance Paid to）运费、保险费付至CFR(Cost and Freight) 成本加运费CFR landed 成本加运费、卸货费charter party B/L 租船提单CCPIT(China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)中国对外贸易促进委员会check（cheque）支票claim 索赔，债权，赔偿金额，要求权clean bill 光票clean B/L 清洁提单clean credit 光票信用证collecting bank 代收银行collective economy 集体经济collection 托收combat inflation 反通货膨胀combined transport 多式联运combined transport B/L 多式联运提单come into force/effect 生效commercial and industrial law and regulation 工商法规commercial counselor 商务参赞commercial credit 商业信用，商业信贷commercial invoice （commercial draft）商业发票commission 佣金Commodity Inspection Bureau 商检局common market 共同市场common progress and prosperity 共同进步，共同繁荣company credit 公司信贷company law 公司法comparative advantage 比价优势compatriot 同胞compensation agreement 补偿贸易协定compensation trade 补偿贸易comprehensive agreement全面协定concerted effort 共同努力conciliation commission 调解委员会，协调委员会conclude business 成交conditional acceptance 有条件的接受conditioned weight 公重confirmation 确认书confirming bank 保兑行confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证congestion of port 港口拥挤consignment 寄售consignment note 寄售单，托运通知书consolidated industrial and commercial taxes 工商统一税consignee 收货人consignor，shipper托运人constructive total loss 推定全损consular invoice 领事发票consumer goods 消费品，生活资料container B/L 集装箱提单contract 合同contract responsibility system 承包责任制contract terms 合同条件，合同条款contracting parties 契约当事人，立约双方，立约各方contractor承包商，承造商，认约人contribution from member states 会员国缴纳的会费contributor 资助国，捐助人，纳税人cooperation and collaboration 合作与协作cooperative venture 合作企业counter offer 还盘counter sample对等样品，回样counter purchase 互购counter trade 对销贸易credit first 信誉第一creditor country 债权国C.T.D.（Combined Transport Documents）多式联运单据currency exchange 货币兑换currency regulation 外汇管理条例current market price 现时市价current price 现行价customary packing习惯包装customs barrier 关税壁垒customs duties关税customs invoice海关发票customs law 海关法，关税法律customs regulations 海关规章，海关条例customs seizures 海关扣押customs union 关税同盟cut throat competition你死我活的竞争，残酷竞争DDAF(Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货damage caused by heating and sweating 受热受潮险D/A（Documents against Acceptance）承兑交单D/D（Remittance by Banker’s Demand Draft）票汇D/P（Documents against Payment）付款交单D/P sight (Documents against Payment at Sight) 即期付款交单DDP(Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货DDU(Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货DES(Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港传上交货DEQ(Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货debt 欠款，债务debt service ratio 还本付息比，偿债比率declaration for import/export 进口申报/出口申报defendant 被诉方Deferred Payment Credit 延期付款信用证deferred payment 延期付款demand over supply 供不应求，求过于供destabilizing factor不稳定因素developed country 发达国家developing country 发展中国家development of manpower/resources 人力开发，资源开发diplomatic immunities 外交豁免权diplomatic mission abroad 驻外使团direct B/L 直达提单discount 折扣，减价，体贴，铁水，贴现率dishonor 拒付disparity between the price of primary product and those of manufacture 初级产品与制成品价格之间的剪刀差distributor 分销商Documentary credit 跟单信用证donation country 捐赠国，援助国Dow Jones Average 道琼斯平均指数draft contract 合同草案，草约drain of foreign exchange 外汇消耗drain on supplies 脱销drastic reduction 大幅度削减drawee 受票人drawer 出票人drawing rights of IMF （国际货币基金的）特别提款权dual exchange market 两种外汇市场dual tariff system 双重关税率制dumping policy 倾销政策dumping price 倾销价格durable consumer goods耐用消费品dutiable 应缴税的，应征税的duty free goods 免税货物Eearning in foreign trade 外汇收入ease of credit 放款信贷，放款信用economic aid 经济援助economic complementarity 经济上互补economic order 经济秩序economic performance 经济成效economic planning 经济计划embargo and blockade 封锁禁运embezzlement and theft 贪污盗窃emerging nation 新兴国家employment rate 就业率EMP(European Main Ports) 欧洲主要口岸encourage investment 鼓励投资endorsement 背书enter into a contract签订合同enter into force 生效enterprise企业enterprise group 企业集团entrepot trade 转口贸易entrepreneur 企业家equality and mutual benefit 平等互利established international practice 公认的国际惯例established principle of international law 公认的国际法准则European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟examination and approval 审批excessive growth 过度增长exclusive agent；sole agent 独家代理exclusive buyer 独家买主exclusive sales agreement 独家经销协定export permit 出口许可证export quota 出口配额export volume 出口量export-oriented 外向型，出口型EXW(Ex Works) 工厂交货Ffail to keep one’s promise 违约fair competition 公平竞争fake and inferior goods 伪劣产品F．A．Q.（Fair Average Quality）良好平均品质FAS(Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差favored treatment 优惠待遇FCA（Free Carrier）货交承运人final and binding on both parties 不可更改对双方均有约束力的finalize the business 成交financial center 金融中心Financial Times 英国《金融时报》firm offer 确盘，实盘FOB(Free On Board) 装运港船上交货FOB Liner Terms 装运港船上交货班轮条件FOB Under Tackle装运港吊钩下交货FOB Stowed 包括理仓费在内的装运港船上交货FOB Trimmed 包括平仓费在内的装运港船上交货FOBST(FOB Stowed and Trimmed)包括理仓费、平仓费在内的装运港船上交货First National City Bank 美国花旗银行first priority 第一优先项目Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 联合国粮农组织force majeure 不可抗力foreign currency外汇foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备foreign investment law 外资法，外国投资法foreign trade 对外贸易foreign trade law 外贸法formal agreement/clause正式协定/正式条款forward contract 远期交货合同Forty Eight Group 英国外贸48家集团framework 框架free trade zone 自由贸易区freight 运费freight prepaid 运费已付freight to collect；freight to be paid 运费待付French Francs 法国法郎futures commission merchant 期货佣金商futures exchanges 期货交易所futures trading；future transaction 期货交易Ggain and loss 损益gain profit 获利general agent 总代理general sanction 全面制裁Generalized System of Preference（GSP）普惠制generally accepted 公认的get into debt 负债give priority to 给……以优先government aid 政府援助government at all levels 各级政府government intervention 政府干预government loans政府贷款grade of goods 商品的等级grass-roots organization 基层组织gross domestic product（GDP）国内生产总值，国内总产值gross for net 以毛做净gross national product （GNP）国民生产总值gross weight 毛重HHague Rules 海牙规则half-finished goods 半成品handling capacity of ports 港口吞吐能力harbor facilities 港口设备hard currency 硬通货，硬货币hard times 萧条时期，不景气head office 总公司，总部hedging套期保值high commissioner 高级商务代表high-grade 品质优良的，第一流的high income country 高收入国家high standard of living 高生活水平hinterland 腹地，内地holdup in the sale of commodity 商品滞销home currency 本国货币home market 本国市场，国内市场Hong Kong dollar 港币，港元hook damage 钩损险host country 东道国human and non-human resources 人力物力资源Iill manage 管理不善illegal transaction 非法交易imbalance in the international economy 国际经济失调imbalance of trade 入超，贸易不平衡imitation brand 冒牌import license 进口许可improve the investment environment 改善投资环境in bulk 散装incorporated enterprise 法人企业indemnify 赔偿indent 订单independence and self-reliance 独立自主和自力更生indicative mark 指示性标志indirect trade 间接贸易individual enterprise 个人企业individual income tax 个人所得税individual international commodity agreement 单项商品协定industrial and commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税industrial property 工业产权industrialization 工业化industrialized country 工业化国家inflation通货膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率inflow of fund 资金流入infrastructure 基础设施infringement of trade mark 商标权的侵犯injured party 遭受损失方inland market 内地市场inland water transportation 内河航运inner packing 内包装inquiry 询价，询盘inquiry sheet 询价单input 投入insecure investment 不安全的投资inspection of import and export commodities 进出口商品检验installment 分期付款institutional reform 体质改革insurance 保险insurance broker 保险经纪人insurance policy 保险单insurance certificate 保险证书insurer 承保人integrated regional cooperation 一体化区域合作integration of industry and trade 工贸结合intellectual property 知识产权interest-free 无息的interest rate 利息率interested parties 当事人，有关方面International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD)国际复兴开发银行international banking 国际银行业务International Chamber of Commerce（ICC）国际商会International Standard Organization（ISO）国际标准局international convention 国际公约International Court of Justice 国际法庭International Customs Union 世界关税同盟International Development Association(IDA) 国际开发协会international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance 国际金融International Finance Corporation (IFC) 国际金融公司international investment 国际投资International Investment Bank 国际投资银行international market 国际市场International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际货币基金组织International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms（Incoterms）国际贸易术语解释通则International Trade Center国际贸易中心international trust and investment 国际信托投资introduce foreign investment 引进外国投资investment 投资investment environment 投资环境investment in fixed assets 固定资产投资investor 投资者invisible export 无形出口，劳务出口invisible hand 无形之手invitation to bid 招标invitation to offer邀请发盘invitation to tender 招标invoice 发票issue bonds 发行债券issued stocks 已发行的股票Italian Lira意大利里拉Jjob creation 创造就业joint communique，joint declaration 联合公报，联合申明joint enterprise 合资企业joint venture 合资企业jointly operated by government and private individual 合资合营Klabor intensive 劳动密集型land bridge ，continental bridge 大陆桥large and medium-sized state-owned enterprise 国营大中型企业laws and regulations 法规lay time 装卸时间leading industries领先行业leasing 租赁least developed world 最不发达国家legal advisor 法律顾问lending country 贷款国length，capacity and weight 度量衡letter of guarantee 保函level of consumption 消费水平level of income 收入水平limited liability company 有限公司lift the embargo on 解禁liner bill of lading 班轮提单line of business 经营范围liner transport 班轮运输liner’s freight tariff 班轮运输表loan 贷款Lodge a claim 提出索赔Lome Convention 洛美协定long form bill of loading 全式提单long ton 长吨lose and gain 损益low income level 低收入水平low interest 低息legal weight 法定重量Mmacroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策mail transfer （M/T）信汇main business line 主要经营项目main currency 主要货币main industrial sectors 主要工业部门maintain good growth momentum 保持良好增长势头major items 大宗商品major project 重点工程make a bid 投标，递价make up each other’s dificiencies 取长补短make use of foreign funds 使用外资malignant inflation 恶性通货膨胀manufacturer’s invoice 厂商发票manufactured goods制成品market analysis 市场分析market control 市场管理marketing 销售学，营销学measurement ton 尺码吨measures of expediency 权益之计meet demand 满足需求member nation 成员国memorandum 备忘录，纪要，通知单merchandise trade 商品贸易metric ton 公吨Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation对外贸易经济合作部momentum of development 发展势头monetary and financial crisis 货币金融危机monopolize the market 垄断市场most favored nation （MFN）最惠国motive of international short-term capital国际短期资本流动multi-facet ，multi-channel cooperation 多层次，多渠道的合作multilateral agreement 多边协定multilateral trade 多边贸易multinational 多国的，跨国的，多国公司（的）mutually beneficial cooperation 互惠互利的合作mutually complementary 互补的mutual exchange of needed goods 互通有无municipalities with independent economic planning 计划单列市Nnational assets 国家资产national budget 国家预算national economy 国民经济national income 国民收入nationalization 国有化negotiating bank 议付银行net weight 净重neutral packing 中性包装new international economic order 国际经济新秩序newly added production capacity新增生产能力non-government trade agreement 民间贸易协定non-tariff measure/barrier 非关税措施/壁垒non-transferable L/C 不可转让信用证North America Free Trade Area （NAFTA）北美自由贸易区North-south trade 南北贸易nude packing 裸装Oobserve contractual obligation 遵守契约义务ocean and rail 海陆联运，海轮铁路联运ocean transport；marine transport 海洋运输offer 发盘office of commercial attache 商务专员处office of commercial counselor 商务参赞处office of commercial representative商务代表处official aid program 官方援助方案offshore trade transaction 境外贸易往来oil dollar 石油美元oil producing country 产油国old and unequal international economic order 旧的，不平等的国际经济秩序on board B/L；shipped B/L 已装船提单on deck B/L 舱面提单open a business 开业，开始营业open bidding 公开招标open coastal cities 沿海开放城市open negotiation credit 公开议付信用证opening bank，issuing bank 开证行opening wider to the outside world 进一步开放operate under capacity 开工不足operation and management 经营管理optional port 选择港order B/L 提示提单original B/L 正本提单original data原始数据overcapacity 开工不足overseas business 海外业务overseas investment 海外投资ownership system 所有权，所有制Ppackage deal 一揽子交易packing list 装箱单parcel post receipt 邮包收据parcel post transportation 邮包运输parent company 母公司，总公司，上级公司Paris House 巴黎证券交易所partial shipment 分批装运participating country参加国patent 专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利权，专利许可证pattern of trade 贸易格局，贸易方式payee 受款人payer 付款人paying bank 付款银行payment by installments 分期付款payment in advance 预付货款penalty 罚金People’s Bank of China 中国人民银行People’s Insurance Company of China（PICC）中国人民保险公司per capita income 人均收入permanent member of the Security Council 安理会常任理事国peso 比索（拉美一些国家主币）physical assets 有形资产physical delivery实际交货planned economy 计划经济political economics 政治经济学population explosion人口爆炸port of destination 目的港port of shipment 装运港potentialities in foreign trade 外贸潜力poverty-stricken area 贫困地区preferential system 特惠制度preferential treatment 优惠待遇premium 保险费presentation 提示primary，secondary and tertiary sectors in the economy 经济中初级、第二和第三产业部门primary exporting country 初级产品出口国principle of equal pay for equal work 同工同酬原则private business（enterprise）私营企业private sector of the economy 私有经济部门privatization私有化processing industry 加工工业processing trade 加工贸易product buyback产品回购prohibited goods禁运品prohibition and restricton禁运和限制promissory note本票protectionism保护主义protectionist measures 保护主义措施protective duty 保护性关税provisional treaty 临时条款public welfare 公共福利purchase contract（confirmation）购货合同（确认书）Qquality as per buyer’s sample 质量以买方样品为准quality as per seller’s sample 质量以卖方样品为准quality control 质量管理quality of labor force 劳动力素质quota 配额quotation 报价Rrail transport 铁路运输railway bill 铁路运单raise an embargo 解除禁运range of commodities 商品范围ratification of the budget 预算批准raw material 原料reach a compromise 达成妥协ready market 畅销real estate 房地产rebate 回扣received for shipment bill of lading 备运提单recipient country 受援国reciprocal agreement 互惠协定reciprocal credit 对开信用证rectification 调整，整顿rectify the economic order 治理经济秩序red figure 赤字reduction and exemption of taxes 税收减免reform of economic system 经济体制改革regional cooperation 区域合作regional development 区域发展regionalization 区域化registered trade mark 注册商标regulate the market 维持市场，整顿市场rely on one’s own efforts 自力更生remain in force 继续生效remittance 汇付remitting bank 汇出行renew a contract 续订合同research on markets 市场调查研究resort to arbitration 诉诸仲裁responsible for one’s own profits and losses 自负盈亏responsibility system 责任制restructure foreign trade 改革外贸体制retail price 零售价retaliatory tariff 报复性关税return of investment 投资收益率revise a contract 修改合同revocable letter of credit 可撤销信用证right of enterprise to independent action 企业独立自主权right of management 管理权right of recourse 追索权risk of clash & breakage 破损破碎险risk of leakage 渗漏险risk of odor 串味险risk of rust 锈损险risk of shortage 短量险road transport 公路运输round of negotiation 谈判回合Ssale by descriptions and illustrations 凭说明书和图样买卖sale by grade 凭等级买卖sale by specification 凭规格销售sale by sample 凭样销售sale by standard 凭标准买卖sales confirmation 销售确认书sales contract 销售合同sales volume 销售量sanction 制裁，批准，许可scissors difference 剪刀差scope of business 经营范围SDR（Special Drawing Right）特别提款权seaworthy packing 适合海运的包装seek a fair and reasonable solution 求得公平合理的解决seek common ground while reserving differences 求同存异self-employed person 个体经营者service business 服务性行业settlement of claim 理赔share-holder 股东，股票持有人shipping advice 装运通知shipping by chartering租船运输shipping mark 运输标志，唛头short from B/L 简式提单，略式提单short ton 短吨side-line business 副业Sight Credit 即期信用证sight draft 即期汇票signatory country 签约国Sino-foreign joint venture ，enterprises with Sino-foreign cooperation，and foreign enterprises中外合资企业，中外合营企业，外资企业（合称三资企业）small and medium-sized enterprises 中小型企业S/O（shipping order）装货单solely-owned enterprises 独资企业special economic zones 经济特区specification of goods 商品规格spot exchanges balance 现汇结存Standard International Trade Classification （联合国）标准国际贸易分类stale B/L 过期提单state treasury 国库券Standby Letter of Credit 备用信用证stock exchange 股票交易所storage and transportation 储运straight B/L记名提单strikes risk 罢工险submission to tender 投标supply over demand 供过于求surplus country 顺差国家sustained growth 持续增长symbolic delivery 象征性交货Swiss France 瑞士法郎Ttariff and non-tariff barrier 关税和非关税壁垒tariff custom union 关税同盟tax exemption 免费technological transfer 技术转让terms and conditions条款the metric system 公制theoretical weight 理论重量through B/L 联运提单time charter 期租船time draft（usance bill）远期汇票T. T.(telegraphic transfer) 电汇toll processing business with materials，sample or technical drawings supplied by buyers，and compensation trade 三来一补（来料、来样、来图加工和补偿贸易）total industrial output value 工业总产值total loss 全部损失，全损trade act 贸易法trade agreement 贸易协定trade embargo 禁止通商trade liberalization 贸易自由化trade mark 商标，商标专用权trade pattern 贸易格局trade protection 贸易保护trade terms 贸易术语，贸易条款trade volume 贸易额tramp 不定期租船transferable credit 可转让信用证transshipment 转船transshipment B/L 转船提单transit trade 过境贸易，转口贸易turnover 营业额two-way trade 双向贸易U unfavorable balance of trade 国际贸易逆差US dollar 美元unclean B/L; Foul B/L 不清洁提单unconfirmed letter of credit 不保兑信用证underwriter 保险公司usance letter of credit 远期信用证Vvalue-added tax 增值税volume of trade 贸易额，营业额voluntary offer 主动发盘voyage charter 程租船Wwar risk 战争险warning mark 警告性标志weak currency 弱币，软币weather working days 晴天工作日weight memo 重量单weight ton 重量吨wholesale price 批发价without recourse 无追索权World Bank 世界银行world monetary system世界货币制度world of industry and commerce工商界WPA(with particular average) 水渍险WTO(World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织W/W(warehouse to warehouse) 仓至仓条款Yyen 日元yield returns 利润收益yuan 元（中国货币）。
自考05844国际商务英语课文必考词汇短语
Transaction 交易customs area 关税区in compliance with 遵从conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade无形贸易for short 缩写为account for 占…比例headquarters 总部trap 陷阱，圈套portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票bonds 债券maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营franchising 特许经营trademark 商标advisable 可行的patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；copyright 版税licensor 给予许可的人licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津贴；奖金flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链contract manufacturing 承包工程turnkey project “交钥匙”工程clue 线索BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设经营移交stand for 代表variant 变形/体potential 潜力national income 国民收入bulk 大量的；大宗的GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义income distribution 收入分布Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven 避风港；安全之地spur 促进creditor country 债权国proximity 临近ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟witness 亲历economic integration 经济一体化liberalize 使自由put up barriers 设置障碍fall under分成几部分free trade area自由贸易区tariff rates 关税税率NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行common market 共同市场adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元erode 侵蚀autonomy 自治sovereign state 主权国家political entity 政治实体set the stage of 为、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的landmark 地标；里程碑signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算banknotes 纸币；钞票circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构European Commission欧盟委员会veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员council of ministers 部长理事会empower 授予权力globalization 全球化frequency 频繁，频率interactive 相互作用的element 要素；组成成分；元素value 价值观acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩adverse 不利的；反对的controversial 引起争议的instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化facilities 设施；设备；工具label 把称为；把归类employ 用；使用assets 资产incorporate 吸收；合并purpot 声称；自称headquarters 总部international economic environment国际经济环境double digit 两位数字survival 继续生存embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的intervene 干预；干涉technical improvements 技术进步derivation 获得day-to-day running 日常管理decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield 操控；控制jurisdiction 权利；管理范围vehicle 工具；手段delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate 分支机构；附属机构mover 原动力，推动力define 下定义services 劳务distri natural resources 自然资源abundant 丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏primarycommodities 初级产品incentive 刺激specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成remainder剩余的，余数hold 认为in terms of 在…方面illustrate 说明table 表格，图表assume 假设efficient 有效的，效率高的occur 发生，产生law 规则，法则even if 即使disadvantage 不利withrespect to 关exploit 利用，开发static 静止的endowment of nature 自然的赋予up-to-date 现代的，新式的intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力absolute adantage 绝对利益comparative advantage比较利益strategic 战略的reduce 减少bulky 笨重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的protectionist 保护主义的barrier障碍typical 典型的tariffs 关税quota 配额levy 征收，收取coincide 巧合；偶合customs union 关税联盟import duties 进口关税export duties 出口关税ad valorem 按价；从价specific 从量的compound duties 复税，混合关税drawback 退税refund 偿还；退还most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇signatory 签字国concession让步tariff schedule 税率表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒impose 加强unilaterally 单方面地label 标签，标记，标号voluntary 自动的，主动的forthcoming 即将到来的meaning of transport 运输工具inland water vessels 内河船只maritime 海洋的cargo compartment 货仓charter租fleet 舰队insurance保险vulnerable 脆弱的collision 碰撞pilferage 偷窃explosion 爆炸place of historical interest 古迹deal 交易draw up 制定；拟就respective 各自的；分别的subsequent 随后的，后来的interpretation 解释；说明trade terms 贸易术语；交易条件trading practices 贸易惯例litigation 诉讼，诉争entail 使人承担；使成为必要amendment 修正案；修正条款addition 增加部分revise 修正；修改unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的consolidate 统一，合并render使得；使成为negotiable 可转让的；可流通的vital 极其重要的，必不可少的whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产场所；经营场所disposal 处理departure 离开，启程，出发quay 码头substantive 实质性的set forth 陈述；阐明binding 有约束力的enforceable可实施的sue起诉trade fairs 商品交易会trunk call 长途电话enquiry 询盘；询价quotation 报价voluntarily 主动地，自愿地indispensable 必不可少的validity period 有效期offer还盘unbinding 无约束力的invalid 无效的sales contract 销售合同sales （purchase）confirmation 售货（购货）确认书setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售contracting parties 缔约方force majeure不可抗力arbitration 仲裁cotton piece good 棉布cotton yarns 棉纱hereby 于此hereunder 于下article number 货号yard 码overleaf 反面bleached 漂白的counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon 现象terminology 术语generic 总称的net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证empirical 以经验为根据的reciprocal 互惠的；互相hyperinflation极度通货膨胀literally 照字地disarray 混乱conceptually 概念上地EuropeanPayment Union 欧洲支付联盟pre-specify 预先说明competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值in essence实质上的intertemporal 不同时的be tied to 固定于photocopying machine 复印机intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的concurrently 同时发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分verify 一部分sophisticated 经验丰富的bypass避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识leverage 杠杆作用tap 开发；开辟conceal 掩盖；隐藏perpetuate 使永久存在processing trade 加工贸易consignment 寄售赁agency 代理domestic 国内的status 状况remittance 汇款debtor 债务人debit 借方；记入借方的款financial standing 财务状况default 违约；不履行职责ban禁止documentary draft 跟单汇票clean draft 光票bill of lading 提单title to the goods 货物所有权insurance policy 保险单documentary collection 跟单托收documents against payment （D/P）付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单sound 健全；良好with discretion 慎重地；审慎地release 放开gain control over 得到对…的控制objective 目的，目标impeccable 无缺点的bilateral 双边的credit-worthiness 资信unique 独特的security 安全，保障presentation 呈交；提示undertaking 承担applicant 开证申请人opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人correspondent bank 往来行；关系行advising bank 通知行amendment 修改discrepancy 不符confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款nominate 指定insufficient 不足的submit提交stipulation 规定expire 满期；到期unit price 单价partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转船seal 印章underlying作为基础的obligation 责任，义务ultimately 最终category 种类fall under 归为…类mechanism 机制clean credit 光票信用证non-trade settlement非贸易结算revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证certainty 确定程度，肯定程度alter 改变commitment 承担的责任cancel 取消，作废consult with 与、、、协商revoke 撤销consent 同意extensively 广泛地indication 指明，表明confirmed credit 保兑信用证leading bank 主要银行double assurance 双重保障involve 牵涉；涉及sight credit 即期信用证付款revolving credit 循环信用证renew 恢复reinstate 使复原contracting parties 合同各方，缔约各方sustain 遭受，蒙受insolvent 无支付能力的bankrupt 破产的documents 单据take delivery of 提（货）delay 延误，迟延discrepancy 不符conformity 一致，相符description 描述commission 佣金discount 折扣shipping marks 唛头seal 印章；图章signature 签字comply with 符合in general terms 用概括性的词语，用一般性词语表达exceed 超过memos 备忘录，便笺bill of lading 提单carrier 承运人shipper 货主，托运人carriage 运输consignee 收货人notify party 被通知人payable 应支付的，可支付的devoid of 没有，缺少liability 责任；义务airway bill 空运提单cargo receipt 铁路运单，货运收据insurance policy 保险单function 功能；作用the insured 被保险人currency 货币settle 清算；结算fundamental 极其重要的efficiency 效率primitive 原始的in a broad sense 从广义上讲grocery 食品；杂货distinct 与其他明显不同的；独特的natural product provinces 产品自然领域urgency 紧迫；急迫perform 执行；完成carrier 承运人。
自考国际商务英语05844重点7-22
E: EXW F: FCA, FAS, FOB C: CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP D: DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU, DDP
What are the four different categories of terms in Incoterms 2000? In Incoterms 2000, the terms have been grouped in four basically different categories: Group E (departure), Group F (Main carriage unpaid), Group C (Main carriage paid) and Group D (Arrival).
The settling of a contract合同的构成 The title The contract proper
The name and address of the buyer and the seller The details of the commodity transaction The terms and conditions mutually agreed
The reasons for the 2000 revision of Incoterms
Spread of customs-free zones无关税区的发
展 Changes in transportation practices运输方式 的变化 Increased use of electronic communication 电子通讯使用的增加
Lesson 9 modes of trade
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expertise专门知识bonus红利；津贴；奖金flat一律的，无变动的value chain价值链contract manufacturing承包工程clue线索
specific从量的compound duties复税，混合关税drawback退税refund偿还；退还most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment最惠国待遇
signatory签字国unilaterally单方面地
concession让步tariff schedule税率表；税则
concurrently同时发生的expertise专门知识
a fraction of一点儿；一部分tap开发；开辟
sophisticated经验丰富的leverage杠杆作用
bypass避开；置、、、于不顾conceal掩盖；隐藏perpetuate使永久存在processing trade加工贸易
technical improvements技术进步define下定义
day-to-day running日常管理hold认为
decentralize分散；放下（权利）wield操控；控制jurisdiction权利；管理范围vehicle工具；手段delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate分支机构；附属机构mover原动力，推动力services劳务distrinatural resources自然资源abundant丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏primary commodities初级产品incentive刺激specialization专业化constitute构成，形成remainder剩余的，余数in terms of在…方面illustrate说明table表格，图表assume假设efficient有效的，效率高的occur发生，产生law规则，法则even if即使disadvantage不利with respect to关exploit利用，开发endowment of nature自然的赋予static静止的up-to-date现代的，新式的intuitive直觉的，直观的appeal吸引力absolute adantage绝对利益comparative advantage比较利益strategic战略的reduce减少bulky笨重的，庞大的perishable易碎的protectionist保护主义的barrier障碍typical典型的tariffs关税quota配额levy征收，收取coincide巧合；偶合customs union关税联盟import duties进口关税export duties出口关税ad valorem按价；从价
remittance汇款undertake承担
climate环境气氛；风气pilferage偷窃
degenerate变坏；衰退trading practices贸易惯例
draw up制定；拟就respective各自的；分别的collision碰撞subsequent随后的，后来的
interpretation解释；说明itigation诉讼，
European Payment Union欧洲支付联盟
competitive devaluation竞争性贬值be tied to固定于
in essence实质上的intertemporal不同时的photocopying machine复印机verify一部分
intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的
documents against payment（D/P）付款交单
documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单
sound健全；良好with discretion慎重地；审慎地
release放开gain control over得到对…的控制objective目的，目标impeccable无缺点的bilateral双边的credit-worthiness资信
council of ministers部长理事会empower授予权力multi-polarization多极化globalization全球化
Dual-Ministerial Meeting双部长会议assets资产
OPEC石油输出国组织frequency频繁，频率interactive相互作用element要素；组成成分；元素value价值观acclaim欢呼；欢迎；喝彩
consignment寄售赁agency代理domestic国内的status状况remittance汇款financial standing财务状况
debtor债务人debit借方；记入借方的款default违约；不履行职责ban禁止fluctuation波动hesitant犹豫，不情愿dubious可疑integrity正直；诚实periodic payment分期付款cash in advance预付现金draft汇票（bill of excee受款人
monumental重要的，有纪念意义的
landmark地标；里程碑signatory签字国；签字人settlement结算banknotes纸币；钞票circulation货币流通tenet原则；宗旨
executive body行政机构，执行机构veto否决
European Commission欧盟委员会cartel卡特尔，联盟commissioner委员，特派员，专员
non-tariff barrier非关税壁垒impose加强label标签，标记，标号voluntary自动的，主动的forthcoming即将到来的maritime海洋的cargo
meaning of transport运输工具charter租
inland water vessels内河船只compartment货仓fleet舰队insurance保险vulnerable脆弱的explosion爆炸place of historical interest古迹accommodations膳宿供应immigrant移民
headquarters总部portfolio investment证券投资stocks股票maturity（票据等）到期，到期日
certificate of deposit大额存单licensing许可经营
franchising特许经营trademark商标advisable可行的patent专利
contracting parties缔约方force majeure不可抗力cotton piece good棉布cotton yarns棉纱counter trade对销贸易；反对贸易hereby于此hereunder于下article number货号overleaf反面bleached漂白的
turnkey project “交钥匙”工程stand for代表
BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设经营移交
variant变形/体potential潜力
national income国民收入bulk大量的；大宗的
GNP国民生产总值per capita income人均收入PPP购买力平价consumerism消费，消费主义income distribution收入分布infra structure基础设施
trade terms贸易术语；交易条件deal交易
entail使人承担；使成为必要addition增加部分
amendment修正案；修正条款revise修正；修改unitization使成为一个单位maritime海的；海上的consolidate统一，合并render使得；使成为negotiable可转让的；可流通的disposal处理
allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon现象
terminology术语generic总称的net positions实际寸头adduce引证empirical以经验为根据的yard码
reciprocal互惠的；互相literally照字地
hyperinflation极度通货膨disarray混乱conceptually概念上地pre-specify预先说明
adverse不利的；反对的controversial引起争议的instrumental有作用的internationalization国际化facilities设施；设备；工具label把称为；把归类employ用；使用incorporate吸收；purpot声称；自称headquarters总部international economic environment国际经济环境double digit两位数字survival继续生存embark（on）开始；从事gigantic庞大的；巨大的intervene干预；干涉derivation获得
vital极其重要的，必不可少的quay码头
whereby凭借那个，借以substantive实质性的
premises生产场所；经营场所binding有约束力的
departure离开，启程，出发set forth陈述；阐明enforceable可实施的sue起诉trade fairs商品交易会trunk call长途电话enquiry询盘；询价quotation报价voluntarily主动地，自愿地
Transaction交易customs area关税区
in compliance with遵从conversion货币兑换
visible trade有形贸易resale转售
grossdomestic product国内生产总值bonds债券
invisible trade无形贸易trap陷阱，圈套