语法专题(冠词)

语法专题（冠词）冠词冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，常用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。

英语中的冠词有三种，一种是不定冠词a/an,另一种是定冠词the ，还有一种是零冠词（名词前不用冠词）一．考查热点1.考察冠词的基本用法2.考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法，如：比较级前冠词的使用，抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用，一日三餐名词前冠词的使用等3.固定搭配二．老师寄语冠词填空抢分绝招：如果“形容词+名词”前无其他限定词，一般填冠词。

那么填那种冠词呢？1.看语意，如果翻译为“一个，一种，一本……”一般用不定冠词a/an; 翻译为“这…..那……”表示特指就用the 。

2.看结构，如果名词后有of短语，不定式或定语从句等这样的限定成份时，一般用the.3.固定搭配，习惯用语要记牢知识清单一．不定冠词常用的几种情况1．不定冠词的用法（a 用于辅音因素前，an用于元音音素前）表示“一个”，相当于one或everyThis is an interesting book and it is also a useful one2 .表一类人或物A horse is a useful animal.3．“某一个”，相当于a certainA Mr.Li is waiting for you .4. 抽象名词具体化时，可以表示“一场，一次，一件”，a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，an honour一个（件）以某一为荣的人（事）等前加不定冠词5. 数词前加不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意He has failed twice in P.E test ,and he is wondering whether he have a chance tohave a third try .6. 用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐，季节，日期前a big supper a light breakfast a very hot summer a wonderful Sunday7.与形容词比较级连用表示一个更。

的In recent years ,the small town has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.8. 固定搭配have a cold have a good/great timeAfter a while have a tryIn a hurry （be）at a lossall of a sudden a great manygo on a diet have a gift foras a result as a ruleas a matter of fact in a short while/periodhave a chance keep an eye onTake an interest in take/have a walkmake a living live a happy lifea most + adj +n a picture of sb doing sth 一张某人做….的照片that/so +adj + a/an + n（可数名词单数）such a/an +adj + n（可数名词单数）what a/an +adj+ n（可数名词单数）+主语+be二．定冠词的使用1.使用定冠词的一般情况。

1).特指或第二次提到2).序数词前，最高级前，独一无二的事物前3).用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前Invent the computer4)用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词（动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位）His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.2.定冠词使用的特殊场合1).He hit him in the facebeat sb on the nose take sb by the arm pat sb on the head /shoulder2).the poor the rich the wounded the disabled3).the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two两者中较年长的一位/中较漂亮的一个4.)the soon, the better5).he got paid by the hour 他是按小时付工钱的By the month /year/day/dozen注意by weight按重量6）in the 50s /in the7) the Smiths /the Whites 表示一家人或夫妻俩8）tell the truth /on the other hand /on the way home3固定搭配at the momenton the right/leftin the west/east/distancethe morning/afternoon/eveningon the contraryin the endby the waythe day before yesterdayon the spoton the wholein the habit of doing sthfor the time beingin the daytimemake the most/best ofthe other dayon the radio/ phoneon the one hand…….on the other hand…..三.零冠词的情况1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等名词前一般不加冠词。

China ,America Smith2可数名词前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词This dictionary is mine3季节，月份，日期，节日，假日，一日三餐名词前一般不加冠词。

March , May Day, National Day, Children’sDay, Women’s dayHave you had supper?Spring is the best season of the year.4 学科名称，球类，棋类名称前不加冠词Do you study physics?He likes playing footdall/chess.5复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。

They are peasants/workers.6 在于by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词By car/bus/bike/train/air/water/land注意take a bus come in a boat on the train/bus7 某些固定词组中不用冠词名词词组中Husband and wife , brother and sister , body and soul ,day and night , knife and fork介词词组at noon/night/midnight/dawn/dusk At bottomlast at present at war In order in peacein trouble in sight in advance in danger in fashion in factin case in favor of without result without doubtwithout hesitation take part in form beginning to end注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同1）in hospital/ prison in the hospital/prison2)in front of in the front of3)in charge/control in the charge/control （of）4)out of question out of the question8.as 引导的让步状语从句中，做表语的名词不带冠词Child as she is ,she knows a lot of French9.系动词turn （变成），后坐表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词The young girl has turn writer.The young girl has become a writer四、语法填空1. (2019.天津卷) Life is like _____ ocean ,only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.2.（2019.重庆卷I can’t tell you ___way to the Wilson’s because we don’t have ___Wilson here in the village .3.（2019.浙江卷The paper is due next month and I am working seven days____ week, often long into ____night4.（2019.陕西卷_______village where I was born has grown into _____town.5.（2019.江西卷）They chose tom to be _____captain of the team because they knew he was ______smart leader6.（2019.新课标全国卷I）India attained Independence in 1974,after ______long struggle7.（2019.重庆卷）The parents were shocked by ____news that their son needed_____ operation on his knee8.（2019.山东卷）It was _____cold winter night and the moon was shinning brightly across______ _night sky.9. （2019.浙江卷）People develop_____ preference for a particular style of learning at ______early age and these preference affect learning.10.（2019.福建卷）The “Chinese dream” is _______ dream to improve people‘s well-being and ______dream of harmony ,peace and development.11. （2019江西卷）Animals are obviously _____lower form of life than man .12. （2019.新课标全国卷II）Four and ____half hours discussion took us up ti midnight ,and _____break for cheese ,chocolate and tea with sugar.13. （2019.陕西卷）Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _____pacific ocean on his way to java in ______thirteenth century14. （2019.全国卷I）Sara looked at _________finished painting with satisfaction.15.（2019.全国卷II）He missed _______gold in the high jump ,but will get ______second chance in the long jump.16. （2019.浙江）Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write _____children’s book for many years ,but one thing or another always got in ____way.17. （2019.四川）2019 Brian is gifted in writing music ;he is very likely to be _____Beethoven.18. （2019.陕西）_____more learned a man is ,_____more modest he usually become.19.（2019.浙江）_____prize for the winner of the competition is ________two-week holiday in Paris.20.（2019 重庆）I’d just heard _____bank where Dora works was robbed by _____gunman wearing a mask.五、实战演练。