2019高考(押题)英语 词汇(12)练习(含解析)

词汇（12）

李仕才

复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）

【单句单词语法填空】

1． Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ______.

答案：another 句意：循环利用是保护环境的一种方法，再次使用是另一种。another“另一，又一”。

2． To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ______of her colleagues.

答案：that 根据“先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任”可知，此处用于替代不可数名词trust，应用that；如果替代可数名词复数用those或the ones。

3．(2013·天津，12改编)At our factory there are a few machines similar

to______described in this magazine.

答案：those 考查用于比较对象替代的代词。比较对象的替代通常可以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，故此处用those替代比较对象machines。

4．(2015·安徽黄山一模改编)Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of ________ own.

答案：their 句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数旅游者在外国会经历的感受，他们会发现当地文化与自己的文化大不相同。根据句意可知此处指旅行者自己的文化。of one's own 为固定搭配“某人自己的”，故填their。

5．(2015·威海市二模)I had to raise my voice to make ______ heard in the noisy crowd.

答案：myself 句意为：在嘈杂的人群里，我不得不提高声音使自己被听见。make myself heard意为“使我自己被听到”。

核心单词

1.essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的

2.estimate n.& vt. 估计，估量

3.evaluate vt. 评价；估计，求……的值

vi. 估价，评价

4.evaluation n. 估值，评价，评估

5.event n. 事件；大事

6.eventually adv. 最终

7.exchange n. 交换，互换；汇兑，兑换；交易所；交流

vt. 交换，兑换；交流

8.excuse n. 借口；辩解

vt. 原谅；宽恕

9.exhibition n. 展览；展览会

10.expand v. 扩大，扩充，扩张；膨胀

11.expectation n. 预料；期望；指望

12.expense n. 支出；消费；[U]费用，价钱；(pl.)开支；花费

13.experience n. [U]经验；[C]经历

vt. 经历；体验

14.experiment n. 实验

15.explanation n. 解释，说明

16.explorer n. 探险者

17.expose vt. 揭露，揭发；使暴露；(照片)使曝光

18.expression n. 表达；词句；表示；表情

19.extraordinary adj. 非凡的；不平常的；特别的

20.extreme adj. 极度的，极大的；在尽头的，末端的；偏激的，走极端的

21.failure n. 失败

22.familiar adj. 熟悉的

23.fantastic adj. 幻想的，异想天开的；奇异的，古怪的

24.fascinating adj. 魅力无穷的

25.fatal adj. 致命的，重大的

重点短语

1.for fear of 以免，害怕

for lack of 因缺少

for the sake of 为了……起见

2.free of charge 免费

in charge (of)

主管；负责(……) in the charge of

由……负责、主管 take charge (of) 负责；掌管(……)

?

????charge sb with （doing ） sth accuse sb of （doing ） sth 指控某人(做)某事 【阅读理解】

In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up.

Jean’s father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming community in Northern California where she was raised, and Jean was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps(跳伞), and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an "F" on it. The teacher told her it was a "fairy tale" and that none of the occupations she listed were women’s jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated.

One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. "If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest schools, and unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do?" Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, "You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you don’t go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough."

The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teacher’s desk. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of becoming a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. "Then do it!" she said.

So Jean did. It didn’t happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasn’t in Jean’s nature to stand up for herself when someone refused or humiliated her. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way.

She became a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot (副驾驶员). In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by United Airlines

and one of the only 50 women airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for United Airlines.

1.When Jean Harper was in the third grade, _________.

A.it was common for women to be airline pilots

B. her father advised her to be a pilot like him in the future

C. she was unsure about what she wanted to be when she grew up

D. she was deeply hurt by her teacher’s comment on her dreams

2.What was Mrs Slaton’s reaction when she learned about Jean Harper’s dream?

A. Encouraging Jean to do what she wanted to.

B. Offering Jean as much help as she could.

C. Persuading Jean to give up her dream.

D. Making Jean aware of all the possible difficulties.

3.What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. How Jean Harper achieved her flying dream.

B. Jean Harper’s great achievements in flying.

C. The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying to be a pilot.

D. Jean Harper’s determination to pursue her dream.

4.What gave Jean Harper enough strength and faith to pursue her dream?

A. Her father’s influence on her.

B. Mrs Slaton’s support.

C. Her decision to stand up for herself.

D.A teacher’s humiliation when she was in the third grade.

【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了Jean Harper如何在英语老师的鼓励下，实现了当一名飞行员的梦想。

1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的"Jean was devastated and humiliated"和第四段中

的"The hurt and fear of years of discouragement"可知答案为D。

3.B 【解析】段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了Jean Harper在飞行方面的成就，所以答案为

B。

4.B 【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的Jean Harper的两位老师，一位打击她的梦想，让她几

乎对此丧失信心；另一位老师给她无限的信心，让她相信自己，坚持追寻梦想，所以答案为B。

写作句式

主语从句

1.(2016·北京高考书面表达)What made Yue Fei most respectable was that he didn’t give up fighting for his nation even when he was wronged by some.

即使被一些人冤枉，岳飞仍然为自己的国家而战，这是他最值得人们敬佩的地方。

2.(2016·天津高考书面表达)What impresses us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.

给我们印象最深的是你的艺术技巧，显示出了不同凡响的才能。

3.(2013·四川高考书面表达)It is widely believed that through constant efforts, good learning habits will lead to greater success.

人们普遍相信，通过不断的努力，好的学习习惯会使得人们取得更大的成功。

我读我练

Ⅰ.词汇应用

1.I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar(熟悉的) faces among the audience.

2.The scientific research institute has conducted an experiment (实验) on nuclear reactions today.

3.It was a long journey, but we eventually (eventual)arrived.

4.Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.

5.More and more high－rise buildings have been built in big cities

for__lack__of__space(由于缺少空间).

6.He sold his farm, left his family in__the__charge__of (由……负责) a neighbor,

and away he went in search of diamonds.

Ⅱ.句式仿写

1.最令我感到失望的是，只有百分之十的学生为了获取知识和提高写作能力而在空闲时间选择阅读。 What__disappoints__me__most__is__that only 10% of the students choose to read in their spare time in order to acquire knowledge and improve writing ability.

2.人们普遍认为我们压力很大，(而且)看起来似乎压力在增加。 It__is__widely__acknowledged__that we are under great pressure, which seems to be on the increase.

3.你们都通过了这次艰难的测试，这真是太棒了。 It__is__wonderful__that all of you have passed the difficult exam.

【练习】

My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be ，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around ，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home ，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold ，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father!

【答案】

My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be ，﹨

however he never fails to show her his care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor neighbor's

window.Seeing nobody around ，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home ，he noticed my uneasiness and asked

me what has had happened.I could only tell him a the truth.Instead of scold scolding

，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize ∧to our neighbor.I learned from this

incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and but he also teaches me what how

to be a good citizen.How luckily lucky

I am to have such a good father! 第一处：删除however 。考查连词。在as 引导的让步状语从句中，表语放句首时，从句倒装，分析句子结构可知，however 多余。

第二处：her→his。考查代词。与上文人称代词he保持一致，可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his。

第三处：neighbor→neighbor's。考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。

第四处：has→had。考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。

第五处：a→the。考查冠词。tell the truth为固定词组搭配，符合语境，故用定冠词the。第六处：scold→scolding。考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语。

第七处：our前加to。考查介词。apologize to sb.意为“向某人道歉”，为固定词组搭配，故用介词to。

第八处：and→but。考查连词，not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，为固定结构，故用连词but。

第九处：what→how。考查疑问词。与teaches呼应可知，此处表示方式，故用how。

第十处：luckily→lucky。考查形容词。与I am呼应可知，此处应用形容词lucky作表语。