小型自走式大豆播种机的设计计算_毕业设计

河南农业大学 本科生毕业论文（设计）

题目 小型自走式大豆播种机的设计计算 学 院 机电工程学院 专业班级 农业机械化及其自动化08级2班

摘 要 在农业机械中，大豆播种机是对大豆进行播种作业的农业机械。目前，大豆与我们的生活息息相关，所以大豆的播种和收获十分重要。为了降低农民在大豆播种时的劳动强度，满足播种均匀、播深一致的农艺要求；降低大豆播种的种子损伤率，本文设计了小型自走式大豆播种机。 本文首先概述了播种机械的现状分析、分类，以及播种技术的要求，并详细叙述了大豆播种机的总体设计和一些零部件的设计，包括播种机的动力选择、机械传动的选择及尺寸、轴的设计、链轮的设计、以及其他的零部件设计等。该播种机以汽油机为动力源，由汽油机的输出轴输出动力，通过传动部分带动排种器转动播种，大豆从开沟器落入地表。在设计中考虑播种深度连续可调、种子破碎率和播种均匀度，使其符合国家标准。设计中在考虑实用的同时，兼顾经济节约，从而达到结构合理、生产成本低、能耗小、效率高，而且操作方便的目的。

关键词：自走式；穴播；链传动；大豆播种机 Design and Calculation of Small Self-propelled Soybean Seeder Abstract In the agricultural machinery, soybean machine of soybean planting operation is on the agricultural machinery. At present, soybean and our lives, so the soybean sowing and reaping is very important. In order to reduce the farmers in the soybean planting time labor intensity, and meet the sow uniform and broadcast deep consistent agricultural demands set and reduce the damage rate of soybean planting seeds, this paper introduces the design of small self-contained soybean machine. This paper firstly summarizes the present condition analysis of the mechanical seeding, classification, and planting technology requirements[1], and detailed narration of soybean general design of the machine and some parts of the design, including mechanical transmission and the selection of size, the design of the shaft, wheel design, and other parts design. This machine used the gasoline engine as a power source, by gasoline engine output shaft power output , through the transmission part drive the device to turn the seeds, beans from the open ditch fall into the surface. In the design of planting depth considered continuous adjustable rate and sowing seeds, broken uniformity to meet the national standards[2]. In consideration of the practical design, at the same time, take account of economic economy, so as to achieve the rational structure, low cost, low energy consumption, high efficiency and convenient operation purpose.

Key Words：Self-propelled；Bunch planting；Chain drive；Soybean seeder 目 录 1 引言............................................................................................................................ 1 2 播种机的概述............................................................................................................ 2 2.1 大豆播种机的现状分析......................................................................................... 2 2.2 播种机的分类......................................................................................................... 2 2.3 大豆播种技术要求................................................................................................. 4 2.3.1播前准备............................................................................................................... 4 2.3.2播种期的确定....................................................................................................... 4 2.3.3播种方法............................................................................................................... 4 3 大豆播种机的设计计算............................................................................................ 4 3.1 设计总体方案的确定............................................................................................. 4 3.2 工作阻力的确定..................................................................................................... 5 3.3 工作速度的确定..................................................................................................... 5 3.4 驱动功率的确定..................................................................................................... 6 3.5 地轮的转速............................................................................................................. 6 3.6 传动比的确定......................................................................................................... 7 4 链传动的设计............................................................................................................ 7 4.1 地轮与排种器之间的链传动................................................................................. 7 4.2 地轮与减速器之间的链传动............................................................................... 12 5 带传动的设计.......................................................................................................... 17 6 地轮与减速器之间链轮的设计.............................................................................. 20 6.1 链轮的材料选择................................................................................................... 20 6.2 主动链轮的设计................................................................................................... 20 6.3 从动链轮的设计................................................................................................... 21 7 带轮的设计.............................................................................................................. 21 7.1 带轮的材料选择................................................................................................... 21 7.2 主动带轮的设计................................................................................................... 21 7.3 从动带轮的设计................................................................................................... 22 8 轴的设计及校核...................................................................................................... 22