2019年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题01-冠词、名词和主谓一致(含答案解析)
专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致1.【2018·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place【答案】A【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。
四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。
考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。
2.【2018·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。
A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。
故选C项。
【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。
3.【2018·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。
A思考；B支持；C保护；D权威，当局。
这里指让对方再好好想想，故选A。
【考点定位】考查名词辨析【名师点睛】本题考查名词辨析。
该种题型要求学生积累一定的词汇量，四个词的意思分别是“思考”；“支持”；“保护”和“权威”；其次，做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑。
根据第一句和“and then let me know”可知，现在不急着告诉“我”答案，由此可知是让对方再想想。
4.【2018·江苏】35.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。
—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。
A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。
故选C项。
【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在情景交际中辨析名词词义的能力。
语境较为简单，考生只要抓住上文中的关键词“say sorry to”就可以锁定正确答案。
因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。
5.【2018·江苏】32.Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A. judgmentsB. adjustmentsC. commentsD. achievements【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。
A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。
故选B项。
【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。
四个选项都可以跟前面的动词make搭配。
因此，考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。
另外还可以利用固定搭配排除C项make本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。
comments on“对……做出评价/评论”，缩小正确答案的范围。
6.【2018·福建】24.The failure was a big__________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A. blowB. issueC. excuseD. Factor【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词辨析A.blow打击;B.issue问题;C.excuse借口;D.factor要素。
该句意思为：这个失败对他来说是一个打击，但是他没有泄气，很快振作恢复了原来的热情。
故选A【考点定位】考查名词辨析。
【名师点睛】名词也是高考英语复习的重点。
对名词的考点无处不在，尤其是在阅读写作的过程中，考生对于名词的熟悉程度对于成绩是有很大影响的，要加强词汇、短语的记忆，要避免单纯地死记硬背，应注意结合语境，在理解的基础上熟记典型例句和常用搭配，总结规律，并根据自己的记忆特点，选择科学的记忆方法。
记忆单词应和阅读结合起来，把单词融入句子中和语境中，利用上下文来帮助记忆。
7.【2018·湖南】27. It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve.A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take【答案】A【解析】试题分析：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…that success a sum of…day.的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：often years to achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。
句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要。
【考点定位】考查主谓一致原则【名师点睛】本题旨在考查主谓一致原则，要求学生掌握这一原则和用法，确定句子主语的单复数，不要受其他干扰项干扰而答错。
主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
4）就远原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于离它最远的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
8.【2018·陕西】14. more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.A. The ; theB. A; aC. The ; aD. A; the【答案】A【考点定位】考查冠词【名师点睛】冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。
另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。
这里用的是：the +比较级+主谓， the +比较级+主谓的句型，学生在平时应该多积累这些包含冠词的短语和句型。
9.【2018·四川】5.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。
本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像…那样的人。
故选择A，句意为：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。
【考点定位】考查冠词【名师点睛】考查冠词。
冠词是高考英语中的难点和重点，考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。
本题中首先根据Beethoven排除选项B，因为不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。
通常情况下人名前是不加冠词的，但是如果指一个像某个名人的人时，在这个人名前加不定冠词。
10.【2018·浙江】2. Jane’s grandmother had wante d to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. a;不填B. the;theC. 不填;theD. a;the【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。
第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。
定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。
选D。
【考点定位】考查冠词的使用【名师点睛】冠词的考查一直以来是一个易错点，虽然冠词只有3个(a , an, the) 但是麻雀虽小五脏俱全，考查起来往往会弄错。
名词第一次出现或泛指时，冠词用a/an，，但名词的首字母是（A、E、I、O、U）发音时，用an, 如：apple, English, important, operation, unusual, 特殊的有umbrella, hour, honest用an, university, unique, usual 用 a。
名词第二次出现用the；①强调特指时用the；②the + 最高级，③ the + 形容词（rich 【富人】, poor【穷人】, wounded【伤者】, dead【死者】, elderly【长者】）表某一类人④the+比较级（the more .. the better）⑤the +序数词（表顺序）序数词（表“又，再”），⑥固定搭配 (in the way 挡道)另外也需要注意零冠词的情况。
零冠词用法归纳：独一职位在某地，用作表/补/同位语；独立主格作状语，用by短语表方式；man字一词指人类，对比含义两名词；系词turn+名单数，街/路/期刊与杂志；具体意义变抽象，as/though之倒装句；人名/地名/国一词，抽象/物质不特指；桥名/单岛/单山峰，一专加一普专用词；月份/星期/节假日，/语言/称呼语；颜色/病名/五感觉，棋类/球类/三餐词；复数名词系泛指，固定词组惯用语；以上情况请记住，其前均用零冠词。
2019高考全国卷英语语法复习——名词、冠词和主谓一致
4) 用于发明物的单数名词前 Bell is said to have invented the telephone. 5) 表示两者中“较、更、最”的一个 Who is the elder of the twins？ 6) “越…越…”结构中 The more you learn, the more you know.
1) 乐器的名词前
汉语拼音的乐器 名词前不用冠词
play the violin/ piano/ guitar
2) 在姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妻俩
The Turners are watching TV. 3) 表世纪或年代 in the 19th century，in the 1890’s
但表示某人多大年龄时用 in one's fifties
注意: 有些名词需要用其复数形式作定语
a clothes shop a sales manager three women teachers
congratulations (祝贺) Please give my _______________ when you see her.
4.一些固定结构中须用名词复数
1.有些名词既可数又不可数，但意义不同
1). a room make room for 2). a chicken have some chicken 3). an unforgettable experience a teacher full of experience
煮咖啡
make coffee
as follows make friends with make preparations for to make matters/things worse Please give/send my best wishes/regards/greetings to your parents. It is good/bad manners to do sth. I would like to express my thanks for your help. directions (instructions)
2019年高考英语全国卷1含答案解析
徐老师2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷1）英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum.2. What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave.4. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?第1页A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2019年高考语法填空零距离训练--名词、冠词、主谓一致（含详解）
2019年高考语法填空零距离训练--名词、冠词、主谓一致（含详解）2019年语法填空零距离训练--名词、冠词、主谓一致（含详解）1.I can't tell you the way to the Wilsons' because we don'thave __________Wilson here in the village.2.The film Harry Potter was quite__________hit across the world, bringing in__________income of box office of over millions of dollars within five months.3.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had__________bad fall.4.There are over 58,000 rocky__________(object) in space, about 900of which could fall down onto__________earth.5.The project will take us a whole day, so we'll have tohave_________working lunch in the office.6.I can’t tell you__________way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t hav e__________Wilson here in the village.7.The parents were shocked by__________news that their son needed an operation on his knee.8.You can read_________list and select an item from it just like you choose__________dish by reading the menu.9.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in__________way.10.It was_________cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across__________night sky.11.—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don’t have enough money for a new one?—That’s a good_________(suggest)12.Some__________(passer-by) informed him that the man and the child of whom he was in search had gone toward the forest in the direction of Gagny.13.But you have to keep in mind that understanding your weaknesses and __________(strong) is very important.14.One reason why the thought of testing tightenspeople's __________(stomach) is that tests are often hard.15.It is impolite to make bad __________(comment) on a person’s appearance.16.Women do the cooking in 80% of households, but 90% ofTV______(chef) are men.17.I have finished a large part of the novel written by Dickens, the rest of which__________(be) very difficult.18.Either you or I______(be) going to be in charge of this matter now.19.All the children are interested in the piano lessons. Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, __________(be).20.Fast food__________(be) full of fat and salt;by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 21.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2019年全国卷Ⅰ英语高考真题解析(精编版)(解析版)
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)英语注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation take place?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest. M: Oh, I’m sorry, doctor. I didn’t hear the bell, or I would’ve left earlier.2.What does Jack want to do?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.【答案】A。
2019年普通高等学校统一招生考试英语全国卷1及答案Word版word精品文档17页
绝密★启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。
第一卷1至l4页。
第二卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷注意事项：1. 答题前．考生在答题卡上务必用直径0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名租科目。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效．．．．．．．．．。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题l 5分，满分7．5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A￡19.15 8￡9.15 C￡9.18答案是B。
1 What will Dorothy do on the weekend?A Go out with her friendB Work on l her paperC Make some plans2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A.$15B.$30.C.$50.3 What has the woman decided to do On Sunday afternoon?A To attend a weddingB To visit an exhibitionC To meet a friend4 When does the bank close on Sa turday?A At l：00 pmB At 3：00 pmC At 4：00 pm5 Where are the speakers?A In a storeB In a classroomC At a hotel第二节(共15小题;每小题1 5分，满分22 .5分)听下面5段对话或独自。
专题01 冠词、名词：五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)
五年（2019-2023）年高考英语题组分项汇编专题01 冠词、名词（解析版）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
第一题组冠词〖2023年高考题组〗1.（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.答案：a。
解析：考查冠词。
句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。
a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。
故填a。
2.（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.答案：the。
解析：考查冠词。
句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。
故填the。
3.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me.答案：the改为a。
2019年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅰ)【高考真题 含详细答案和解释、可编辑】
2019年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1.Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programsto help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend onthe program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15—18 years old in select communities（社区）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands—on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year ina variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24or up to 29 for persons with a disability.（1）What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment．D.It offers more summer job opportunities.（2）What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program？________A.15﹣18．B.15﹣24．C.15﹣29．D.16﹣17．（3）Which program favors the disabled？________A. Jobs for Youth．B. Summer Company．C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program．D. Summer Employment Opportunities．2. For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue, N．Y．, today is speechday , and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn． The 8﹣year﹣old is the joker of the class． With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking．But he's nervous．"I'm here to tell you today why you should …should…"Chris trips on the"﹣ld, "a pronunciation difficulty for many non﹣native English speakers． His teacher , Thomas Whaley , is next to him, whispering support．"…Vote for …me …"Except for some ________, Chris is doing amazingly well． When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion , Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him．A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago． Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom．Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience． What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes． "It takes a lot for any student, " Whaley explains, "especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, 'I don't know, but I want to know．'"Whaley got the idea of this second﹣grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president． The answer broke his heart． Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public． He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves．"Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, " Whaley says, "is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident．"（1）What made Chris nervous？________A. Telling a story．B. Making a speech．C. Taking a test．D. Answering a question．．（2）What does the underlined word "stumbles" in paragraph 2 refer to？________A. Improper pauses．B. Bad manners．C. Spelling mistakes．D. Silly jokes．．（3）We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to________．A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess students' public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students' love for politics．（4）Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher？________A. Humorous．B. Ambitious．C. Caring．D. Demanding．3.As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiarwith. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word "touch" four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.（1）Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A.To reduce pressure on keys.B.To improve accuracy in typing.C.To replace the password system.D.To cut the cost of e-space protection.（2）What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?puters are much easier to operate.B.Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C.Typing patterns vary from person to person.D.Data security measures are guaranteed.（3）What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A.It'll be environment-friendly.B.It'll reach consumers soon.C.It'll be made of plastics.D.It'll help speed up typing.（4）Where is this text most likely from?A.A diary.B.A guidebook.C.A novel.D.A magazine.4. During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status． I was the queen of the playground． Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids． They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself．Popularity is a well﹣explored subject in social psychology． Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers． The likables' plays﹣well﹣with﹣others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump﹣start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work． Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior．Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr． Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences． Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behavior．"In one study, Dr． Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）． "We found that the least well﹣liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates． But so had those who were high in status． It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us．"Dr． Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date﹣sharing, kindness, openness ﹣ carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others．In analyzing his and other research, Dr． Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too． "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, " he said．（1）What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school？________A. Unkind．B. Lonely．C. Generous．D. Cool．．（2）What is the second paragraph mainly about？________A. The classification of the popular．B. The characteristics of adolescents．C. The importance of interpersonal skills．D. The causes of dishonorable behavior．．（3）What did Dr． Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids？________A. They appeared to be aggressive．B. They tended to be more adaptable．C. They enjoyed the highest status．D. They performed well academically．．（4）What is the best title for the text？________A. Be Nice﹣You Won't Finish LastB. The Higher the Status， the BetterC. Be the Best﹣You Can Make ItD. More Self﹣Control， Less Aggressiveness．第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．5.Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air．" （1）_______ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good．（2）_______ If the air you're breathing is clean﹣which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities﹣then the air is filled with life﹣giving，energizing oxygen． If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain．Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）．（3）_______ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery． It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情绪）．Greenery is good for us． Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead．（4）_______ It gives us a great feeling of peace．（5）_______While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin， they also give is beneficial Vitamin D． To make sure you get enough Vitamin D﹣but still protect your skin﹣ put on sunscreen right as you head outside． It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working， and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D．A． Fresh air cleans our lungs．B． So what are you waiting for？C． Being in nature refreshes us．D． Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight．E． But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said？F． Just as importantly， we tend to associate air with health care．G． All across the country， recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．6. Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa． They（1）_______ with them lots of waste． The （2）_______ might damage the beauty of the place． The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the（3）_______of Kilimanjaro．Hearing these stories, I'm （4）_______ about the place ﹣ other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences．However, I soon （5）_______ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of（6）_______ among tons of rubbish． I find a（7）_______ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths． The environmental challenges are（8）_______but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be （9）_______．The best of a Kilimanjaro （10）_______, in my opinion, isn't reaching thetop． Mountains are（11）_______as spiritual places by many cultures． This（12）_______is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as（13）_______go through five ecosystems （生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers． At the base is a rainforest． It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, （14）_______lands of low growing plants． Further up, the weather（15）_______ ﹣ low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass． I（16）_______twelve shades of green from where I stand． Above 4, 000 meters is the highland（17）_______: gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks．（18）_______you climb into an arctic﹣like zone with（19）_______snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear．Does Kilimanjaro （20）_______ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true．（1）A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring（2）A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reporters（3）A.positionB.ageC.face（4）A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy（5）A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate（6）A.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stones（7）A.remoteB.quietC.allD.clean（8）A.newB.specialC.significantD.necessary（9）A.paying offB.spreading outC.blowing upD.fading away（10）A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight（11）A.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded（12）A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose（13）A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials（14）A.holding on toB.going back toC.living up toD.giving way to（15）A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits （16）A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add（17）A.villageB.desertC.roadke（18）A.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally（19）A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificial（20）A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2019年全国统一高考英语试卷和答案解析(Ⅰ卷)
2019年全国统一高考英语试卷（Ⅰ卷）ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3, 000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.1. What is special about Summer Company？A. It requires no training before employment．B. It provides awards for running new businesses．C. It allows one to work in the natural environment．D. It offers more summer job opportunities．2. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program？A. 15-18．B. 15-24．C. 15-29．D. 16-17．3. Which program favors the disabled？A. Jobs for Youth．B. Summer Company．C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program．D. Summer Employment Opportunities．BFor Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue, N. Y., today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he's nervous. "I'm here to tell you today why you should...should..." Chris trips on the "-ld," a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. "... Votefor...me..." Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. "It takes a lot for any student," Whaley explains, "especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, 'I don't know, but I want to know.' "Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves."Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities," Whaley says, "is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident. "4. What made Chris nervous?A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.5. What does the underlined word "stumbles" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.6. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess students' public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students' love for politics7. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious.C. Caring.D. Demanding.CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word "touch"four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.8. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard？A. To reduce pressure on keys．B. To improve accuracy in typing．C. To replace the password system．D. To cut the cost of e-space protection．9. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A. Computers are much easier to operate．B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast．C. Typing patterns vary from person to person．D. Data security measures are guaranteed．10. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？A. It'll be environment-friendly．B. It'll reach consumers soon．C. It'll be made of plastics．D. It'll help speed up typing．11. Where is this text most likely from？A. A diary．B. A guidebook．C. A novel．D. A magazine．DDuring the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior. "In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究). "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. "Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage," he said.12. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school？A. Unkind．B. Lonely．C. Generous．D. Cool．13. What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The classification of the popular．B. The characteristics of adolescents．C. The importance of interpersonal skills．D. The causes of dishonorable behavior．14. What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice—You Won't Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the Best—You Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, Less AggressivenessIs Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to"go out and get some freshair." (1) According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.(2) If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). (3) In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. (4) It gives us a great feeling of peace.(5) While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. GEvery year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They (21) with them lots of waste. The (22) might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changingthe (23) of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I'm (24) about the place—other destinationsare described as "purer" natural experiences.However, I soon (25) that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of (26) among tons of rubbish. I find a (27) mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are (28) but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem tobe (29) .The best of a Kilimanjaro (30) , in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are (31) as spiritual places by many cultures.This (32) is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as (33) go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, (34) lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather (35) —low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I (36) twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland (37) : gravel (砾石), stones androcks. (38) you climb into an arctic-like zone with (39) snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro (40) its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.21. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring22. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters23. A. position B. age C. face D. name24. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy25. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate26. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones27. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean28. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary29. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fadingaway30. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight31. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded32. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose33. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials34. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D.giving way to35. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits36. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add37. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake38. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally39. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D.artificial40. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire41. The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence (1) they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (2) (poor) studied;however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods (3) tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive (4) (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people inNunayut (5) (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a (6) (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by (7) (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are (8) (high) than they actuallyare. Of (9) nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (10) (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1.语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed（.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点：1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
2019年高考英语真题专题01 冠词、名词
三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题01 冠词、名词一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension 【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority 优先；优先权；B. potential 潜在的，可能的；C. proportion 比例，占比；D. pension 退休金，抚恤金。
故选A 。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment 【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”； impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”； impression“印象，感想”； judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B 。
3.【2019·新课标I 卷·语法填空】Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。