2019-2020年牛津版英语九年级下册Module 2 Environmental problemsUnit 4 Natural disasters练习题五十六
2019-2020年牛津版英语九年级下册Module 2 Environmental problemsUnit 4
Natural disasters练习题五十六
第1题【单选题】
Mary feels unhappy because nobody seems to her progress.
A、notice
B、look
C、watch
D、read
【答案】：
【解析】：
第2题【单选题】
Finish your homework first,and then you"ll watch TV for an hour.
A、can
B、be able to
C、able to
D、could
【答案】：
【解析】：
第3题【单选题】
The car was damaged in the accident, and it cannot be repaired.
A、lightly
B、badly
C、hardly
【解析】：
第4题【单选题】
Our boss will be on business next week, and he asked me to book a ticket for him.
A、leader of a family
B、leader of a company
C、leader of a country
【答案】：
【解析】：
第5题【单选题】
Our teacher often asks us questions in groups.
A、discuss
B、to discuss
C、discussing
D、discussed
【答案】：
【解析】：
第6题【单选题】
It is never too late to learn, ________?
A、is it
C、does it
D、doesn"t it
【答案】：
【解析】：
第7题【单选题】
-- ______ the population of China?
-- It"s about 1.4 billion.
A、What"s
B、How many is
C、How much is
D、How is
【答案】：
【解析】：
第8题【单选题】
-- You"d better _________ early. It is good for your health. -- Thanks. I"ll do as you say.
A、get up
B、to get up
C、getting up
D、got up
【答案】：
【解析】：。
2022九年级英语下册Module2EnvironmentalproblemsUnit4Natura
email.
A. check
B. checking
C. to check
D. checked
14. You must ___B__ your goal however difficult it is.
A. give up
B. stick with
C. turn off
D. put out
15. (易错题) The electrical appliances were __D___ for
very angry.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 6. Luckily, he wasn’t ___b_a_d_l_y___ (bad) hurt in the
accident last night.
7. It is still hard to explain the reasons behind some __n_a_t_u_r_a_l__ (nature) disasters.
20. 过去我们常常闲坐在一起畅谈我们的梦想。 We used to ____s_it__a_r_o_u_n_d____ together to discuss our dreams.
五、补全对话。 A: Hi, Timmy. I heard that there was an earthquake in your
____p_o_o_l___ (水塘) .
3. We don’t know whether he is ___a_l_i_v_e___ (活着) or dead. 4. I, together with my parents, went to see my grandparents
in the village by ___c_o_a_c_h___ (长途汽车) last weekend. 5. He made a big mistake and his ____b_o_s_s___ (老板) was
2019年沪教牛津版英语九年级下册Module 2 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 2
Period 2 Listening & GrammarI.用所给词的适当形式填空l.Mary suggested ____ (go) there by bus and I agreed.2.The elephant is seriously ill.It is ____ (die).3.(2018贵州安顺中考)The famous star ____ (die) for nearly 15 years.4.(2018广西北部湾经济区四市中考)Everyone was ____ (surprise) to see her at the party last night.5.(2017贵州黔南州中考)It takes her mum half an hour ____ (walk) to work every day.6.(2018湖南常德中考)It is very important for children ____ (learn)how to do chores at home.Ⅱ，单项选择1．（2018江苏连云港中考）-Have you heard about Zhangjiajie Glass Footbridge?-Of course, it's built over a ____ canyon in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.A.300-meter-deepB.300-meters-deepC.300 meter deepD.300-meters deep2.(2018山东莱芜中考)- ____ have you talked with your friends on WeChat?-Since I finished my homework.A.How farB.How oftenC.How soonD.How long3.He often takes time ____summer holiday with his grandparents.A.to spendB.spendC.spentD.spending4．（2017青海西宁中考）His grandmother ____ for 6 years. And he still misses her very much.A.diedB.has diedC.has been deadD.has been died5.(2018湖南岳阳中考)They asked their son ____ the bed last weekend.A.to makeB.makingC.made6.(2018湖北咸宁中考)-Could you give me a few on how to spend the coming summer holiday?-OK. Let me see.A.hobbiesB.knowledgeC.suggestionsrmationI．根据要求完成句子1.The bus stop is about 100 meters away from his house.（对画线部分提问）．____ ____ is the bus stop from his house?2.It took Tom half an hour to finish his homework.（对画线部分提问）____ ____ ____ it take Tom to finish his homework?3．（2018重庆中考A卷）I go to the movies once a week.（对画线部分提问）____ ____ do you go to the movies?4.It takes me 3 hours to do my homework.（改为同义句）I ____ 3 hours ____ my homework.5.I am a boy.I am eighteen years old.（合并为一句）I am ____ ____ boy.Ⅱ．完成句子1．（2018广东广州中考）参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。
2019-2020年广州深圳牛津版九年级下册 Unit 4 Natural disasters 课文
九年级下册 Unit 4 Natural disasters词汇和搭配一、首字母填空1. The f___________ washed out the road.2. The dog has got injured but it is still a___________.3. I want to go swimming. Is there a p___________ in the hotel?4. You study so hard, I believe you can p___________ the English test.5. Her husband has been d___________ for a year.6. He was so lazy that he was fired by his b___________.7. Someone who is d___________ is unable to hear anything or hear very well.8. The students s___________ at the teacher with amazement.9. Nothing can a___________ her interest in this trip.10. Boys and girls! Please look at the s___________ and read the sentences together.二、完成句子1. 饥饿不是自然灾害,而是一个政治问题。
Hunger is not a ___________ ___________, but a political problem.2. 所有的人都放下工作,站在马路的两旁看他经过。
All the people left their work and stood on both sides of the road to see him ___________ ___________.3. 目前我坚持我的意见。
2019-2020学年度初中九年级下册英语Unit 4 Natural disasters牛津版练习题第九十八篇
2019-2020学年度初中九年级下册英语Unit 4 Natural disasters牛津版练习题第九十八篇第1题【单选题】Each of us has to write a _____ report every two weeks.A、two-hundred-wordB、two-hundreds-wordC、two-hundreds-wordsD、two-hundred-words【答案】：【解析】：第2题【单选题】The line is . What should we do?A、deafB、aliveC、dead【答案】：【解析】：第3题【单选题】-- It"s kind ______ you to help me.-- Don"t mention it.A、forB、ofC、toD、in【答案】：【解析】：第4题【单选题】Mary feels unhappy because nobody seems to her progress.A、noticeB、lookC、watchD、read【答案】：【解析】：第5题【单选题】-- Xiao Wang, _____ will it take to fly to Guangzhou?-- Sorry, I do not know.A、how farB、how soonC、how manyD、how long【答案】：【解析】：第6题【单选题】_______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?A、Is trueB、Is it trueC、It’s trueD、It’s truly【答案】：【解析】：第7题【单选题】Our teacher often asks us questions in groups.A、discussB、to discussC、discussingD、discussed【答案】：【解析】：第8题【单选题】-- ______ is really hard ______ them to climb such a high mountain.A、This; toB、It; toC、This; forD、It; for【答案】：【解析】：第9题【单选题】The little boy is ______ lovely _____ everyone likes him.A、such; thatB、too; toC、so; thatD、enough; that【答案】：【解析】：第10题【单选题】-- What did he say?-- He told me ______.A、which floor did he liveB、where he lives onC、which floor he lived onD、which floor he lives【答案】：【解析】：第11题【填空题】Mary suggested ______ (go) there by bus and I agreed.【答案】：【解析】：第12题【完形填空】完形填空What can people do when natural disasters (灾难) happen? Can we stop them? No, we can"t. The only thing we can do is to 1 after the disasters.Last year I met Mr. Flood. It started raining and 2 raining almost a month: the water on the streets got higher and higher every day. We used 3 instead of cars. We lost lots of things, including our businesses, our jobs and our homes.Schools 4 and farms were destroyed. We ran out of food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a(n) 5 world.Because of the flood, lots of 6 broke out. Some people 7 . The soil and other things made the water become very, very 8 . That was in summer time, so though it was raining, the 9 was still high. The hot weather and dirty water 10 the air very bad. Hospitals didn"t have enough rooms for 11 .When the flood was over, I looked around my city. The word “ 12 ” can describe the situation. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were very13 , I think.We had to 14 our city, take care of the sick people, and start our schools again. I just15 that one day, people can stop the natural disasters whenever they happen. After all, people are very clever.A、wake up .B、make upC、clean upD、look upA、keptB、finishedC、stoppedD、hadA、bikesB、trainsC、boatsD、shipsB、closedC、openedD、startedA、waterB、fireC、iceD、appleA、happinessB、illnessesC、hardnessD、hardA、ranB、sleptC、diedD、deadA、dirtyB、cleanC、clearD、healthA、temperatureB、weatherC、waterD、foodA、hadB、madeC、changedD、haveA、nursesB、doctorsC、patientsD、doctorA、sadB、beautifulC、goodD、happyA、weakB、strongC、happyD、sadlyA、rebuildB、returnC、remainD、fetchB、hopeC、seeD、wish【答案】：【解析】：第13题【完形填空】根据短文理解，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
2019年沪教牛津版英语九年级下册Module 2 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 1
Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 1I．根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子1．（2018广东广州番禺区象达中学一模）The little boy was so scared that he just kept still and s_____ at his father.2．（2018广东广州番禺区象达中学一模）The old man is d_____ . He cannot hear anything.3.In those days they could hardly keep____（活着）．4．（2018广东华师附中番禺学校一模）There must be something wrong with this machine, because it's almost d_____ ．5.(2018广东广州越秀区育才中学一模)Lots of workers are afraid of the b____ of the big company.6．（2018广东广州越秀区知用中学期中）Since he was b hurt, please send him to hospital at once.Ⅱ．词语释义从下面每小题的A.B.C三个选项中选出可以替代画线部分的最佳选项。
1:The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.A.filled with carsB.filled with peopleC.filled with water2.Our boss will be on business next week, and he asked me to book a ticket for him.A.leader of a familyB.leader of a companyC.leader of a country3.(2018广东深圳福田区八校第一次联考)-I am given a difficult task.I really want to give it up.-Try to stick with it．A.work hard atB.continue with itC.forget it4.For now,I have to stay at home because of my illness.A.At presentB.For exampleC.As for me5.He looked up in surprise when I shouted.A.amazementB.happinessC.particular6.I'm too busy.I don't have time to go shopping with you.A.have much timeB.don't likeC.have no time7.(2018广东深圳福田区一模)-Mother often warned Peter not to play on his phone in the street, but her warning fell on deaf ears.-Unfortunately, Peter was hit by a car and sent to hospital yesterday.A.was not seenB.was not agreedC.was not noticed8.(2016广东深圳17所名校联考)-Don't always fix your eyes on your phone, Terry. You should work hard at your studies.-Sorry, Mum.I won't do that again.A.look afterB.stare atC.think about9.(2017广东深圳南山区三模)-Will you give me a hand because I am not able to complete the work alone?-With pleasure.A.shouldn'tB.can'tC.needn't10.（2017广东深圳光明新区模拟测试）-May I use the printer at your office?-I'm terribly sorry. The machine is dead now.A.not aliveB.brokenC.not workingⅢ．单项选择1.-I _____ being a policeman ____ .What is yours?-To be a teacher.A.dream;in the futureB.dream of;in the futureC.dream about;in futureD.dream as;in future2．（2017四川乐山中考）-Look in the mirror. What happened ____ your face?-Oh, there's some ink on my face.A.toB.onC.in3.(2018天津中考)I am afraid we cannot ____ to take a taxi. Let's go by underground instead.A.refuseB.affordC.forgetD.fall4．（2018湖南湘潭中考）Did you see the sign "No Swimming"? You ____ swim in the river.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.don't have to5．（2018贵州贵阳中考）The doctor advised Paul strongly that he should stop smoking, but ____ didn't help.A.itB.heC.one6．（2018内蒙古呼和浩特中考）-The price of vegetables ____ so quickly these days. -Oh, no, but I don't think so.A.affordB.risesC.improvesD.raise7.When l was walking past the window,I noticed Wang Fei ____ my homework.I really got ____ .A.copying; annoyedB.copying; annoyingC.copied; annoyingD.copied; annoyed8.I'm thinking about ____ my grandmother next Monday.A.to visitB.visitC.visitingD.visits9．（2016广东深圳龙华第二次调研）-If you ____ something for ten years, you will be successful in this aspect.-It's true. If you don't give up and work hard, I'm sure you can make it one day.A.stare atB.keep stillC.stick with10.(2016广东深大附中等五校第一次联考)The mother's advice fell ____ deaf ears again. It's no use ____ to her.A.on; talkingB.with; to talkC.to：talk11.（2018四川乐山中考）-The jeans are very nice. I'll take them.-You'd better ____ first. I'm afraid the size is a bit small for you.A.pay for themB.take them offC.try them on12.（2018甘肃兰州中考）- ____ fine weather it is! Let's go for a walk.-Sounds like a great idea.A.WhatB.HowC.What aD.How aI．用所给词的适当形式填空1.This was the worst ______ (nature) disaster in the history of the United States.2.Look! There are two ______ (coach) in front of our school.3.Some countries would be ______ (flood) if sea level around the world rose.4.I have no time ______ (think) about these questions.5.A11 of them are ______ (stare) at the computer screen.6．（2017江苏常州中考）To complete the work, he drank some coffee to keep himself ______ (wake).7.We can't afford ______ (pay) such a price.8.The shop remains ______ (close) this Sunday.Ⅱ，根据要求完成句子1．（2018四川达州中考）Zhang Yimou directed a wonderful show at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics.（改为感叹句）______ ______ wonderful show Zhang Yimou directed at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics !2.(2018贵州黔南州中考)This movie is very interesting(改为感叹句)______ ______ this movie is !3.What lovely flowers they are!（改为同义句）______ ______ the flowers are !4.How surprising the news is!（改为同义句）______ ______ ______ it is !5.It happened that I had to take part in a meeting that afternoon.（改为同义句） ______ ______ ______ ______ to take part in a meeting that afternoon. Ⅲ．任务型阅读（2017辽宁沈阳中考）California is one of the richest states in America. It has a large amount of land. And it also has more people than any other state. It has plenty of natural resources（资源）,too. But everything(A)______ not perfect there. California has two major problems:earthquakes and forest fires.The San Andreas Fault runs through California.(B) As a result of it, the state gets many earthquakes.(C)其中一些地震非常强烈．For example, there was a strong earthquake in San Francisco in 1906.It destroyed many buildings. And it started a large number of fires.( D) More than 3,000 people died after it.There have also been many other strong earthquakes. Some people fear that the“big( E) one" will hit some day. They think an earthquake will cause a huge amount of damage（破坏）． During summer and autumn, much of California is dry. So forest fires, or wildfires, often start. These fires can spread(F) rapidly. They burn many forests. But they can also burn people's homes and buildings. They often kill people(G)______ .firefighters can put them out.1．在文中(A)和(G)的空白处填入适当的单词：________；________2．写出文中画线部分(B)和(F)的同义词语或近义词语：________；________3．将文中画线部分(C)译成英语：4．将文中画线部分(D)改写为：____ 3,000 people ____ their lives after it.5．文中画线部分(E)指代的是：________IV．任务型阅读根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文。
2022九年级英语下册Module2EnvironmentalproblemsUnit4Natura
C. upstairs
D. downstairs
When there’s a 27 _____ , leave the classroom 【qu点ick拨ly.】It本’s b段et主ter要to内pu容t 2为8如__何__从_ o火ve灾r y中ou逃r 生mo，ut故h a空nd格
处应填入意为“火灾”的名词，故选B。 nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke.
A 22. A. accidents
B. stories
C. questions
D. reasons
A stampede always happens in 23 _____ places.
When students around you begin to push, just stand there
19. 我所有的同事都参加了关于在地震中如何保护自己 的讲座。 All my __f_e_l_lo_w__w_o_r_k_e_r_s__ attended the lecture on how to protect oneself during an earthquake.
20. 让我们筹钱帮助贫穷地区的孩子们。 Let’s ___r_a_i_s_e_m__o_n_e_y___ to help the children in poor areas.
A. background
【点B拨. d】ev第elo一pm段en主t 要介绍了故事发生的背景情况，故 答C案. 为cliAm。ax (most exciting part) D. ending
B 32. Which of the following is the right order according to the
2019年沪教牛津版英语九年级下册Module 2 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 4
Period 4 More practice,Culture corner & Self-assessmentI．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Please wake _______ (he) up at six o'clock tomorrow morning.2.(2017甘肃白银中考)The girl expected all her classmates _______ (come) to her party.3.I didn't expect _______ (find) you here.4.(2018江苏盐城中考)All of us should look straight ahead and keep____(run).5.Each of them _______ (have) his own way of doing things.6.Please call me first _______ (when) you leave.Ⅱ，单项选择1．（2018四川内江中考）Mr. Black, you are becoming healthier and healthier. Please keep on _______ .A.ranB.to runC.runsD.running2.(2016广东中考)Leonardo DiCaprio,a famous American actor, was always expecting _______ an Oscar and finally he made it．A.to winB.winningC.not to winD.not winning3.(2016四川巴中中考) _______ ，Bill! It's time to go to school.A.Wake upB.Look upC.Make up4．（2017广东深圳盐田区第一次调研）-Can we leave halfway during the lecture?-Yes. You can leave _______ you want if you're not interested in it．A.howeverB.whateverC.whenever5.There are a lot of new buildings on _______ side of the street.A.eachB.everyC.bothD.allI．任务型阅读（2018湖北咸宁中考）Fire is useful and important to us. You use it to cook meals every day. But if you are not careful, the fire may take place anytime. Many people get hurt or die in fires. So knowing how to①/prə′tekt/_______ yourself in the fire is very important.When the fire happens, the first thing you must do is to find safe routes（路线）to get away quickly.②If you are on the taller floors of the building, you can'tuse the lift. You should run out along the stairs. From the lower floors of the building, you can jump out through the window if it is③／′nesəsəri/______．If you can't get out of the room, you must be careful of the smoke.④事实上，大部分人在火灾中都死于浓烟。
精选2019-2020年牛津版英语九年级下册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后练习四十九
精选2019-2020年牛津版英语九年级下册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后练习四十九第1题【单选题】_______ is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in east China"s Jiangxi Province killed 13 people.A、ItB、AsC、ThatD、What【答案】：【解析】：第2题【单选题】The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.A、filled with carsB、filled with peopleC、filled with water【答案】：【解析】：第3题【单选题】Our teacher often asks us _________ questions in groups.A、discussB、to discussC、discussingD、discussed【答案】：【解析】：第4题【单选题】-- Would you please show me the way ______ the bank? -- Yes, go straight ahead. It"s in front of a school.A、inB、forC、withD、to【答案】：【解析】：第5题【单选题】His friends asked him ________ up smoking.A、giveB、to giveC、gaveD、giving【答案】：【解析】：第6题【单选题】The line is _______. What should we do?A、deafB、aliveC、deadD、missing【答案】：【解析】：第7题【单选题】-- You"d better _________ early. It is good for your health.-- Thanks. I"ll do as you say.A、get upB、to get upC、getting upD、got up【答案】：【解析】：第8题【单选题】-- ______ is really hard ______ them to climb such a high mountain.A、This; toB、It; toC、This; forD、It; for【答案】：【解析】：第9题【单选题】_______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?A、Is trueB、Is it trueC、It’s trueD、It’s truly【答案】：【解析】：第10题【单选题】I"m too busy. I don"t have time to go shopping with you.A、have much timeB、don"t likeC、have no time【答案】：【解析】：第11题【单选题】-- Xiao Wang, _____ will it take to fly to Guangzhou?-- Sorry, I do not know.A、how farB、how soonC、how manyD、how long【答案】：【解析】：第12题【单选题】-- ______ is the weight of a giant panda?-- Sorry, I don"t know.A、How manyB、How muchC、WhatD、Which【答案】：【解析】：第13题【阅读理解】根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
2019-2020学年度初中九年级下册英语Unit 4 Natural disasters牛津版习题精选二十一
2019-2020学年度初中九年级下册英语Unit 4 Natural disasters牛津版习题精选二十一第1题【单选题】The price of wheat is higher than ____ of rice.A、itB、thatC、oneD、this【答案】：【解析】：第2题【单选题】His friends asked him ________ up smoking.A、giveB、to giveC、gaveD、giving【答案】：【解析】：第3题【单选题】-- Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games?-- For your health, my boy.A、playB、to playC、to playingD、playing【答案】：【解析】：第4题【单选题】My daughter wants a rabbit for long, but I have no time to buy _________for her.A、itB、oneC、the oneD、that【答案】：【解析】：第5题【单选题】-- ______ do you love pandas?-- Because they are very cute.A、WhatB、HowC、WhyD、Where【答案】：第6题【单选题】Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A、everyoneB、thisC、herD、it【答案】：【解析】：第7题【单选题】Mary feels unhappy because nobody seems to _______ her progress.A、noticeB、lookC、watchD、read【答案】：【解析】：第8题【单选题】Finish your homework first,and then you"ll watch TV for an hour.A、canC、able toD、could【答案】：【解析】：第9题【单选题】--______ is it from here to the railway station? -- About ten kilometres.A、How farB、How fastC、How soonD、How often【答案】：【解析】：第10题【单选题】-- My grandparents are too old ______.-- Yes, but they should often have a walk.A、to workB、worksC、workD、working【答案】：【解析】：第11题【单选题】In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A、thisB、thatC、thereD、it【答案】：【解析】：第12题【填空题】Look! There are two ______ (coach) in front of our school.【答案】：【解析】：第13题【完形填空】完形填空What can people do when natural disasters (灾难) happen? Can we stop them? No, we can"t. The only thing we can do is to 1 after the disasters.Last year I met Mr. Flood. It started raining and 2 raining almost a month: the water on the streets got higher and higher every day. We used 3 instead of cars. We lost lots of things, including our businesses, our jobs and our homes.Schools 4 and farms were destroyed. We ran out of food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a(n) 5 world.Because of the flood, lots of 6 broke out. Some people 7 . The soil and other things made the water become very, very 8 . That was in summer time, so though it was raining, the 9 was still high. The hot weather and dirty water 10 the air very bad. Hospitals didn"t have enough rooms for 11 .When the flood was over, I looked around my city. The word “ 12 ” can describe the situation. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were very13 , I think.We had to 14 our city, take care of the sick people, and start our schools again. I just15 that one day, people can stop the natural disasters whenever they happen. After all, people are very clever.A、wake up .B、make upC、clean upD、look upA、keptB、finishedC、stoppedD、hadA、bikesB、trainsC、boatsD、shipsA、startedB、closedC、openedD、startedA、waterB、fireC、iceD、appleA、happinessB、illnessesC、hardnessD、hardA、ranB、sleptC、diedD、deadA、dirtyB、cleanC、clearD、healthA、temperatureB、weatherC、waterD、foodA、hadB、madeC、changedD、haveA、nursesB、doctorsC、patientsD、doctorA、sadB、beautifulC、goodD、happyA、weakB、strongC、happyD、sadlyA、rebuildB、returnC、remainD、fetchA、wantB、hopeC、seeD、wish 【答案】：【解析】：第14题【阅读理解】根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
牛津深圳版英语九年级下册课件：Unit 4
并概括大意。 4. 完成《练习册》第57页Reading A的练习。
感谢பைடு நூலகம்听
I shouted, “The WATER! Look at the WATER!” But my cries fell on deaf ears. In offices and homes, people just sat and stared at their computer screens. It seemed that they did not want to leave. Computers were more important than the flood.
It was nine o’clock in the morning. My bedroom floor was a pool of water. I looked out of the window. Water was everywhere. It covered roads, parks and small houses. Large objects, such as coaches and boats, passed by my window. They were floating in the water. I could not just stand there! I had to do something!
A1 Write the name of the natural disaster under each picture.
A2 In pairs, discuss the following questions.
Before you read