英语长句的翻译方法

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中级口译考试英语长句翻译方法

中级口译考试英语长句翻译方法

中级口译考试英语长句翻译方法长句在中级口译考试中科技性的文体中的出现极为频繁,在翻译长句时,首先,不要因为句子太长而产生畏惧心理,因为,无论是多么复杂的句子,它都是由一些基本的成分组成的。

其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思,然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系,再按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文的意思,不必拘泥于原文的形式。

下面是yjbys 小编为大家带来的中级口译考试英语长句翻译方法的知识,欢迎阅读。

长句的翻译英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念,而汉语则不同,常常使用若干短句,作层次分明的叙述。

因此,在进行英译汉时,要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异,将英语的长句分解,翻译成汉语的短句。

在英语长句的翻译过程中,我们一般采取下列的方法。

(1) 顺序法。

当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。

例如:例1. Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep,electricity is working for us,driving our refrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. (84 年考题)分析:该句子由一个主句,三个作伴随状语的现在分词以及位于句首的时间状语从句组成,共有五层意思: A. 即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时; B.电仍在为我们工作; C. 帮我们开动电冰箱;D. 加热水;E. 或是室内空调机继续运转。

上述五层意思的逻辑关系以及表达的顺序与汉语完全一致,因此,我们可以通过顺序法,把该句翻译成:即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时,电仍在为我们工。

英语长句的翻译技巧

英语长句的翻译技巧

英语长句的翻译技巧英语长句是很复杂的句子,很多人觉得在翻译长句时很是吃力。

那么英语长句有哪些翻译方法媕娿?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语长句的翻译技,希望大家喜欢!英语长句的翻译技巧1.顺译法顺译法是指在处理一些叙述层次依次相连,跟汉语相近的长句时,按原句的自然顺序进行翻译,并根据具体情况,适当增加或省略有关的连接词。

例如:例一:Visual cues from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging, that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation.听众的眼神可以表明,演说过于拖沓,演说者在某一点上讲的太多,或者在某一点上还需要作进一步的解释。

例二:But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology.但是艺术历史注意的不仅仅是这些,因为艺术反映的不单是一个民族的政治价值观,而且还有他们的宗教信仰、情感和心理特点。

PART2.倒译法有时英语长句的结构层次与汉语相反,要从英语原文的后面译起,自下而上,颠倒次序进行翻译。

一般来说,英语长句不符合汉语习惯的情况比较多,所以在翻译实践中,倒译通常要多于顺译。

例一:It remains to be seen whether the reserves of raw materials would be sufficient to supply world economy which would have grown by 500 percent .如果世界经济真的以5倍于现有的速度增长,那么原材料的储备是否能充分满足其需求,尚不得而知。

汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英长句的翻译方法将汉语长句翻译成英语时,可以采用以下几种方法:1.分割句子:将长句分割成较短的句子,每个句子表达一个完整的思想,并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词或标点符号来连接这些句子。

例句:我昨天去了图书馆,借了一本关于历史的书,然后在图书馆里看了两个小时。

英文翻译:I went to the library yesterday and borrowed a book about history. Then, I spent two hours reading it in the library.2. 使用从句:将长句中的一部分转换为从句,并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词(如that, which, who, when, where等)引导从句。

例句:她告诉我她去年参加了一个很有意思的会议,这个会议是在纽约市举行的。

英文翻译:She told me that she attended an interesting conference last year, which was held in New York City.3. 使用定语从句:将长句中作为修饰的部分转换为定语从句,并在英语翻译中使用适当的关系代词(如that, which, who, whom等)引导定语从句。

例句:我喜欢那个戴眼镜的男孩,他总是很友好。

英文翻译:I like the boy who wears glasses; he is always friendly.4.利用省略:可以在英语翻译中省略一些不重要或重复的信息,使句子更清晰和简洁。

例句:我昨天和朋友一起去了看电影,然后吃了晚饭。

英文翻译:I went to watch a movie with my friends yesterday and had dinner afterwards.以上是一些常用的翻译方法,根据具体语境和句子结构的复杂程度,可以选择适合的方法进行翻译。

英语长句的翻译技巧

英语长句的翻译技巧
一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型, 再往下学似乎就越来越难了, 这其 中的原因, 也许教师比学生更容易理解。
It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.
行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些 因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发 展到较高的水平。
Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.
因此, 如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会, 就得为他们 提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。这个问 题显得越来越重要了。
Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; ① they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, ② if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. ③(全部倒置)
With the fear of, largely imaginary, plots against his leadership, his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him. 由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导地位,他似乎完全丧失了自 信,但是所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己凭空想象出来的。

英语长句的翻译技巧(部分)

英语长句的翻译技巧(部分)

Part of speech conversion method
要点一
总结词
要点二
详细描述
转换原句中某些词的词性来优化译文。
在翻译长句时,有时需要对原句中的某些词进行词性转换 ,以使译文更加符合目标语言的语法规则和表达习惯。例 如,在英语中常用名词表达抽象概念,而中文则更倾向于 使用动词。因此,在翻译过程中,可以根据需要将名词转 换为动词或其他词性,以使译文更加流畅自然。需要注意 的是,在进行词性转换时,要确保不改变原句的含义和逻 辑关系。
When translating English long sentences with flexible word order, it is essential to analyze the sentence structure carefully and determine the intended meaning of each word and phrase.
04
Translation Practice of English Long Sentences
Example 1: Application of Splitting Method
总结词
将长句分割成短句进行翻译
详细描述
对于结构复杂、信息量大的长句,可以采用 分割法,将长句分割成若干短句,分别进行 翻译,然后再将这些短句重新组合成完整的 译文。这种方法有助于降低翻译难度,提高
Example 3: Application of Reverse Order Method
总结词
调换原文句子成分的顺序进行翻译
详细描述
在处理长句时,有时需要调换原文句子成分的顺序进行 翻译,以适应目标语言的表达习惯和语法规则。这种方 法称为逆序法。逆序法常用于处理含有多个从句或复杂 修饰语的长句,通过调整语序使译文更加自然流畅。

英语长句翻译方法

英语长句翻译方法

英语翻译过程中,英语长句的译法大致可采取以下四种方法来进行。

一、顺序法有的英语句子虽长,但它所叙述的动作基本上是按时间顺序、地点顺序或逻辑关系安排的,这与我们中国人的思维方式相吻合,因此,翻译时可依从原文语序。

例: In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said,when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.分析:此句不算很长,但主句宾语a boy 细藤结大瓜似地带着一个非限制性定语从句直贯句尾,而从句中又有宾语从句that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days. 此宾语从句中的划线部分又是一个原因状语从句,整个句框形成三级从句;宾语从句中的谓语动词said 与它的宾语从句之间又为一时间状语when I spoke to him 所隔。

翻译时若要体现这纷繁复杂的语法关系简直难以行文,因而译文按照原文的顺序,将所发生的事情依序道来,虽未复现原文中诸从句与其被修饰语的关系,但原文的思想内容无一遗漏,叙述脉络清晰,符合逻辑关系和汉语行文习惯。

译文:在非洲,我遇到了一个男孩,他哭得伤心极了,我问他时,他说他饿了,两天没有吃饭了。

二、逆序法有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不尽相同甚至恰恰相反,这就要求我们在翻译时须逆着原文,从后面译起。

例: Is it our sound and considered judgment that the tougher subjects of the classics and mathematics should be thrown aside, as suggested by some educators, for doll- playing?分析:原文为了句子结构的平衡用形式主语“it”代替冗长的主语从句,而汉语中没有相同的句子结构,译文逆着原文的顺序先译主语从句的内容再译主句框架,将原文的意义表达得一清二楚,口气语势也与原文一般无二。

英语:长句的翻译

英语:长句的翻译

2.逆译法



英语长句的特点是重点内容在前,次要内容在后,而汉语 表达恰恰相反。因此,可先译出全句的后一部分,然后再 依次向前译,即逆译法。 Various machine parts can be washed very clean and will be as clean as new ones when they are treated by ultrasonics, no matter how dirty and irregularly shaped they may be. 各种机器零件无论搞得多么脏,形状弄得多么不规则,一 旦用超声波处理后,都可以被洗得干干净净,甚至干净得 像新机器零件一样。 (这是一个包含有时间状语从句,让步状语从句的复杂句。 按照汉语表达习惯,说明情况在先,处理方式在后,出现 的结果则置于最后,故用逆序法翻译)
3.分译法



有些长句结构复杂,包含多层意思,翻译时可以 在理解基础上大胆拆分原文的结构。 Manufacturing process may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced. 制造过程可分为单件生产和批量生产。单件生产 就是生产少量的零件,批量生产就是生产大批相 同的零件。 (该句包含两个动名词复合结构。汉译时拆分成 三个短句,意思清楚,difficulty of introducing radically new computer architectures which requires customers to rewrite most of their software excluded the possibility that these techniques find their way to the commercial marketplace.

英汉长句的翻译

英汉长句的翻译

2.3.4 时间状语从句提前 It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood. 一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型,再往下学似乎 就越来越难了,这其中的原因,也许教师比学生 更容易理解。
English-Chinese Trans Nhomakorabeaation
英译汉的长句翻译
1. Knowing about Translation
原序和换序译法 拆分译法 重组法
2. Translation Practice
英语重形合,句子结构可以借助各种 连接手段加以扩展和组合构成复杂的长句。 这类长句可由若干分句、子句、多种短语 及词组构成。而汉语多意合,连词运用得 较少,结构较为自由,以短句居多。因此 正确处理长句的翻译是确保译文忠实、通 顺的重要环节。
2.3.2 目的状语从句提前
A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind firmly, and be well versed in the definitions, formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study .
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长句的翻译方法1.顺序翻译法(1)The problem is that the last gerention or so we’re come to assume that women should be able, andshould want, to do everything that by traditionmen have done at the same time as prettywelleverything that by tradition women have done.问题是,在过去二十年时间里,我们已经认定,妇女们应该能够且应该想做男人们想做男人们传统上所做的一切,而同时也能够做得跟妇女们传统上所做的一切同样好。

2. 逆序翻译法(1)It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waster their opportunities,there will have to be much detailed informationabout courses and advice.因此,如果要使学生充分利用(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。

这个问题显得越来越重要了。

3. 分译法翻译英语句子时,有时我们可以把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只作稍改变即可,但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构作较大的改变。

把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子,这叫分译法。

使用分译法,可以把原句中的一个词,一个短语或一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。

一、把原文中单词译成句子(一)副词1.They tried vainly to blame us for the breakdown in the truce talk.他们试图把和谈的罪名加在我们头上,但没得逞。

2.The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements.中国人似乎为他们在经济上取得的成就而自豪,这是合乎情理的。

(副词分译)3.Not surprisingly, he was constantly receiving complaints from all of them about his not givingvalue for money.毫不奇怪,他经常受到来自他们之中的种种埋怨,说他光拿钱不干活。

4.Characteristically, Mr. Smith concealed his feelings and watched and learned.怀特先生没有表露自己的感情,只是察言观色,心领神会,他的特点就是这样。

(二)形容词1.That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.那地区是个麻烦的地方,这是大家最容易看得出来的。

(形容词分译)2.She is grateful for his defense.他为她挺身而出,她很感激。

3.The guest was pleased by the distinction but not overwhelmed.来宾对这种破格礼遇感到高兴,但没有受宠若惊。

4.Suddenly the door bursts and Gorge appears, dirty, disheveled, and bed ragged, with a nasty cut onhis chin.突然,门开了,乔治出现了。

他十分肮脏,衣冠不整,浑身是泥,下巴严重划伤。

5.The elements are less reserved and distinct.宇宙各种元素并不像以前那么含蓄,也不像以前那么截然不同。

(三)名词1.He shook his head and his eyes were wide , then narrowed in indignation .他摇了摇头,两目睁得圆圆的,接着又眯成一条线,脸上露出了愤怒的神色。

(名词分译)2.It was our mistake to have kept nagging you.我们老是唠叨着催你,是我们不对。

3.The truth is I have someone in my mind some time but I’ve been postponing telling my parents.实际情况是,一段时间以来我已经有了心上人,不过我一直拖着,没有告诉父母。

4.I wanted to laugh at their harmlessness.它们无法作恶了,我真想放声大笑。

二、把原文中的短语译成句子1.I wrote four books in the first three years , a record never touched before .我头三年写了四本书,打破了以往的记录。

(名词短语分译)2.She had such a kindly , smiling , tender , gentle , generous heart of her own.她心地厚道,性格温柔可疼,器量又大,为人又乐观。

(单词搭配分译)3.And in their further disputes she always returned to his point ,”Get me a situation –we hate eachother , and I am ready to go .”从此以后他们每拌一次嘴,她就回到老题目,说道:“给我找个事情,反正咱们你恨我,我嫌你,我愿意走。

”(修辞需要词语分译)4.Because of their origions in the public school system , these institutions do respond to the needsand desires of the community .由于社会学院源自公立教育体系,它们必须按照社区的需求去做。

(介词短语分译)5.To compare the weight of different types of objects , we should have to weigh equal volumes of each .要比较两种不同物体的重量,就必须取同样的体积进行称量。

(不定式短语分译)6.Handsome young men must have something to live on, as well as the plain.美男子和凡夫俗子一样,也要有饭吃,有衣穿。

7.Please reply at your earliest convenience.您要是方便,请尽早回信。

8.My parents started at each other in silence for a while.一时间,父母面面相觑,沉默不语。

9.With his failures in life came the fears for the future.他因生活屡遭失败,所以对前途忧心忡忡。

三、把单句译成两个以上的句子1.Then a large group of boys and girls , friends of Tom and Joe , came to the school andstood looking over the fence into the yardwhere they had played together .随后,一大群男孩子和女孩子来到了学校,他们都是汤姆和乔的朋友。

他们站在那里,注视着栅栏外曾经一起玩耍的地方。

(句子并列谓语的后一部分分译)2.Weeks became months .几个星期过去了,几个月过去了。

(简单句分译成并列句)3.And the stranger understood and appreciated.这位生客会意,心里充满感激。

4.He tried to clear his mind and concentrate fully on the film.他竭力摆脱杂念,集中注意力看电影。

四、复合句分译1.In dispute between two states with which one is friendly , try not to get involved .当两国发生争端时,如与两国都友好,第二国则力避卷入。

(定语从句分译成状语)2.At daybreak Tom was awakened by a sound that made him know that he had new thingsto learn about fear.黎明时刻,汤姆被一种声音惊醒了,这声音使他意识到自己面临着新的可怕的事情(定语从句分译成独立句)3.这些国家的共产党和进步党派,正促使它们的政府和我们做生意,以至建立外交关系。

The Communist Party and progressive groupsin those countries are urging theirgovernments to establish trade and evendiplomatic relations with us. This is goodwill.This is help. (汉语长句以一表示判断或小结的从句结尾进行分译)4.这一点现在就必须向党内讲明白,务必使同志们继续地保持谦虚、谨慎、不骄、不躁的作风,务必使同志们继续地保持艰苦朴素的作风。

This must be made clear now in the Party. Thecomrades must be taught to remain modest,prodent and free from arrogance and rashnessin their style of work. The comrades must betaught to preserve the style of plain living andhard struggle. (汉语句中含有从一般或从具体到一般的过度进行分译)5.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow thelatest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programs whichare both instructive and entertaining.,人们常说,通过电视可以了解时事,掌握科学和政治的最新动态。

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