国际音标教学_18. 音标讲解教程

音标英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/轻辅音/ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/j//w/边音/ǀ/*嘴巴的形状会直接影响到发音的效果，口型对了，不需要短促有力，发多久也是对的元音单元音1./i://i//e//æ/1)./i:/音高咧嘴舌尖抵下齿，像笑一样/i:/发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea eebee/bi:/meat/mi:t/team/ti:m/sheep/ʃiːp/piece/pi:s/keep/ki:p/sweet/swi:t/thief/θi:f/eg.Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field.Speeding on the freeway.He and she.2)./i/嘴唇微张，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微抬高，舌头略微向后缩/i/发这个音的字母和字母组合i e(begin)y(happy)ey(monkey)ay（sunday）big/big/dig/dig/kick/kik/tip/tip/zip/zip/quick/kwik/fish/fiʃ/nick/nik/Jim/dʒim/eg.Be quick!Be quick!We’ll go to the cinema.What is it?It is a ticket.*/i:/&/i/对比练习：sit/sit/ship/ʃip/seat/si:t/sheep/ʃiːp/hit/hit/hill/hil/heat/hi:t/heal/hi:l/sleep/sli:p/eat/i:t/slip/slip/it/it/reach//seek//rich//sick//eg.Been/bean I ate a bean./I have been there.Eat/it I eat it.Beat/bit The beat is a bit strong.Keys/kiss Give me a kiss for the keys.Feet/fit These shoes fit my feet.Peel/pill Don’t peel that pill.Sheep/ship There are sheep on the ship.These/this These are better than this one.Deed/did He did the deed.Cheek/chick The chick’s cheek is soft.3)./e/唇形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微隆起（下巴向下“点”）/e/发这个音的字母和字母组合e eaegg bell desk legpet bread head elephanteg.The vet is fed up with that wet,dead pet.Who lead Ted to the dead head in the bed?4)./æ/嘴张大且拉向两边，呈扁平型，舌尖抵下齿/æ/发这个音的字母和字母组合adad cap bad apple standeg.Cat!Cat!Catch that fat cat.I cannot imagine Sam wrote a bad exam.Dad patted the cat.[e]和[æ]对比：bed–bad met-mat Ken–can men-man sent–sankshed–shack let–lad set–sat peck–pack bet–batred–rat jet–Jack*四个音标对比：/i:/heat/i/hit/e/het/æ/hat例句：The beans have been cooking since six o’clock.Sit in that seat by the window.We ate our meal,by the mill.The seal will live in the ocean.Tim’s team grinned after seeing the green field.Pip and Pete shipped the sheep cheaply.Those bins are for Bill’s beans.Does Jim still steal Jill’s jeans?The girls put concrete on Jill’s sneakers.Pick cherries at their peak or you will eat the pits.2./u://ʊ//ɔ://ɒ/1)./u:/嘴型小而圆，嘴唇外凸，尽量向前，舌头向后缩，发此音喉咙和腮帮有略微紧张感发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo uiBlue Booth News Juice Loosen RulerFood Choose Mood Moving Loop Kneweg.The room in the school was very cool.Viewing the moon on June nights.Do you remember the woman who lived in a shoe?She hadn’t a clue whatto do when her family grew.Well,through your help,they are moving inJune into two big boots2)./ʊ/嘴唇张开，略向前突出，上嘴唇向上翘，嘴型收圆并放松，舌后部向上抬起，舌头后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u.Foot Took Cook womanGood Look Book Puteg.Where’s the cook book?Please take a look.*一般情况下，在字母”l,m,n”前面，”oo”发长音/u:/;而在字母“t,d,k”前面，”oo”发短音/u/*/u:/和/ʊ/对比a.同一单词中两种音都有WoodWould you help me?Hollywood,Californiab.food---footpool---pullfool---full例句He took a good look under the hood and found a fl u te.J u lie enjoys good books after sch oo l.He put his foot in the ne w b oo t.She took her st u dents to the brook to wash their sh oe s.We pulled him out of the swimming p oo l.The f oo l ate until he was full.3)./ɔ:/双唇收的小而圆，向前突出，舌身向后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合al au ou aw(or oor)Small draw talk tall strawberryAuthor caught autumn bought horse flooreg.Paul plays basketball.I am Paul.I am tall.Give me a call.I'm looking forward to meeting you.Force yourself to do more.It's important for us to practice more.4)./ɒ/（与/ɔ:/的口型几乎完全相反）口型完全张开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍微收圆,像“啊”发这个音的字母和字母组合o aHot Top Stop Probably FollowNot Sock Product Solve Problemeg.Bob opened the box and followed the instructions.Tom put some cotton,rocks and a doorknob in his locker.His mom made a concrete model of a hockey rink./ɔ:/和/ɒ/的对比Pot----port shot----short*四个音标对比/u:/---boot fool/u/---book full/ɔ:/---bought fall/ɒ/---bot3./ɜ://ə//ɑ://ʌ/1)./ɜ:/嘴型扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌头放平，舌中部微微抬起，有齿间距，肌肉略微紧张发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear orHer serve bird girl dirty nurseThursday turtle early learn word worldeg.The nurse saw a turtle on her purple curtain.He died of the burns he received in the fire.The girl is a nurse.2)./ə/嘴唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，舌中部微微隆起发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a ePicture teacher dinner sister sugarDoctor panda above about Chinaeg.What’s the matter with you?I’d like to have dinner with you tonight.The operation is a success and now the patient is out of danger.3)./ɑ:/口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴收低，放松发音(与读“啊”的区别就是下巴要往下)发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au earGrass class plant fast carMarch car dark laugh hearteg.It’s too far to see the shark;It’s too dark to see the shark.Oh!The shark’s teeth are sharp.If we interfere,it may do more harm than good.The farm is far from the park.4)./ʌ/嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍微抬起，齿间距为两指的高度发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ouSon come love supper usSun gun touch cousin countryeg.Hurry up!Hurry up!A duck cuts a bug in the mud.This cup is made of stainless steel.Under the bus./ɑ:/和/ʌ/的区别Cut----cart luck-----lark duck----darkTough---task far---fun bus-----bath*单元音绕口令1.Betty Bought a bit of better butter.“But,”she said,“this butter’s bitter.If I bake this bitter butter. It would make my batter bitter.But a bit of better butter.That would make my batter better.”So she bought a bit of butter.Better than her bitter butter.And she baked it in her batter;And the batter was not bitter.So it was better Betty Botter.Bought a bit of better butter.2.I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish,but if you wish the wish the witch wishes,I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.3.All I want is a proper cup of coffee made in a proper copper coffee pot,you can believe it or not, but I just want a cup of coffee in a proper coffee pot.Tin coffee pots or iron coffee pots are of no use to me.If I can't have a proper cup of coffee in a proper copper coffee pot,I'll have a cup of tea!4.I thought a thought.But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought.5.A big black bug bit a big black bear,made the big black bear bleed blood.A big black bug bit a big black bear.Where's the big black bear the big black bug bit?双元音发音要领：发音时，由第一个音向第二个音滑动，口型有个过程。