2020年Ket专题——形容词及副词(训练+专题)

第 1 页 共 5 页 形容词和副词 一． 形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的，在句中都作宾语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二． 副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 3) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 4) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 5) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 6) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三． 形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如：quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily 3.以不发音e 结尾的形容词，去e加ly, 如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过 第 2 页 共 5 页

具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。 四． 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成 1.比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better 2.最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 long-longest 3.比较级和最高级的变化规则： 规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）： A.在词尾直接加-er/est, 如：short-shorter-shortest B.词尾是e，只加-r/st, 如：nice-nicer-nicest C.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i 再加-er/est, 如：happy-happier-happiest D.读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est, 如：big-bigger-biggest E.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加more/most, 如：more/most delicious 不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）

五．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法： 1.原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”相当于the same as… 肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter. 否定句：A+动词.+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2.比较级的用法: 1）A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary

词义 原级 比较级 最高级 好 good/well better best 坏 bad/badly/ill worse worst 多 many/much more most 少 little less least 远 far farther/further farthest/furthest 老 older elder eldest 第 3 页 共 5 页

注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little，far, a lot, a bit来修饰。 2）数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+than I’m two years older than you. Our classroom is twice bigger than yours. 3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……” The earth is getting warmer and warmer. 4）the +比较级，the +比较级，表示“越……, 就越……” The more, the better. 越多越好。（多多益善） 3. 最高级用法： 用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。 1）one of the +最高级 Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 2）比较级句型表达最高级意义 A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B(单数) 如：The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B(复数) 如：The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.

以上两句意思相当于：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 练习题

一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级old________ young_______ tall______ long________ short________ strong_______ big________ small_______ fat________ thin__________ heavy______ light_____ nice______ good_____ beautiful______ low________ high______ slow_______ fast________ late_______ early_______ far_______ well_______ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式 1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is. 第 4 页 共 5 页

5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s. 7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____. 9.Lily is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).. 11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom? 13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______. 14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).15.The child doesn’t_____(write) as ____(fast) as the students. 三、单项选择题 1. Which subject do you like_______, maths or English? A.good B.better C.well D.best 2.This red rose is _______of all flowers. A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful 3.My book is newer than________. A.he B.his C.our D.we 4.He is________student in his class. A.good B.better C.the best D.best 5.Look! The bee________than the bird. A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher 6.His hens are ________and fat. A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 7.She knows________about history than most people. A.more B.much C.most D.many 8.It was really an________story. A.afraid B.excited C.exciting D.worried 9.Which city is __________from here, Beijing or Shanghai? A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest