变压器-毕业论文外文翻译
英文资料及其翻译
Transformer
Types and Construction of Transformer
A transformer is a device that alternating current electric energy at one voltage
level into alternating current electric energy at another voltage level through the
action of a magnetic field.It consists of two or more coils wire wrapped around a
common ferromagnetic core.These coils are (usually)not directly connected. The only
connection between the coils is the common magnectic flux presen within the core.
One of the transformer windings is connected to a source of ac electric power,and
the second(and perhaps third) transformer winding supplies electric power to loads. the
transformer winding connected to the power souce is called the primary winding or
input winding.and the winding connected to the loads is called the secondary
winding or input winding.If there is a third winding on the transformer,it is called the
tertiary winding.
Power transformer are constructed on one of two types of cores.one type of
construction consists of a simple rectangular laminated piece of steel with the
transformer windings wrapped around two sides of the rectangle.This type of
construction is know as coreform .The other type consists of three-legged laminated
core with the windings wrapped around the center leg .This type of construction is
know as shell form.In either case,the core is constructed of thin laminations electrically
isolated form each other in order in order to reduce eddy currents to a minimum.
The primary and secondary windings in a physical transformer are wrapped one
on top of the other with the low-voltage winding innermost.Such an arrangement
severs two purposes: 1.It simplifies the problem of insulating the high- voltage
winding from the core.2.It results in much less leakage flux than would be the two
windings were separated by a distance on the core.
Power transformer are given a variety of different names, depending on their use
in power systems.A transformer connected to the output of a generator and used to step
its voltage up to transformer levels is sometimes called unit transformer. The
transformer ai the other end of the transformer line,which steps the voltage down from
transmission levels to distribution levels,is called a substation transformer.Finally,the
transformer that takes the distribution voltage and steps is down to the final voltage ai
which the power is actually used is called a distribution transformer.All these devices
are essentially the same-the only difference among them is their intended use.
In addition to the various power transformer, two special-purpose transformers are
used with electric machinery and power systems.The first of these special transformers
is a device specially designed to sample a high voltage and produce a low secondary
voltage directly proportional to it.Such a transformer is called a potential transformer.A
power transformer also produces a secondary voltage directly proportional to its
primary voltage;the difference between a potential transformer and a power
transformer is that the potential transformer is designed to handle only a very small
current.The second type of special transformer is a device designed to provide a
secondary current.much smaller than but directly proportional to its primary
current.This device is called a current transformer.
Cirtcuit Breakers
A circuit breaker is mechanical switching device capable of making,and breaking
currents under normal circuit conditions and also making.carring for a specified
time ,and mediujm in which circuit interruption is performed may be designated by a
suitable prefix, for example,air-blastcircuit breaker,oil circuit breaker.The circuit
breakers currently in use can be dlassified into the following categories according to
the arc-quenching principles:air swetches oel ciryit breakers,minmum-oil circuit
breakers,air-blast circuit breakers,the magenetic air circuit breakers,minimum-oilcircuit
breakers,aer-blast circuit breakers,the by voltage,insulation levelcurrent,interrupting
capabilities,transient recovery coltage,interrupting tiome,and trip delay.The nameplate
on a circuit breaker usually indicates:１.The maximum steady-state current it can carry,
2. The maximum interrupting current,3. The maximum line voltage,4.The interrupting
time in cycles, The interrupting time in may last form 3 to 8 cycles on a 60 Hz system.
To interrubt large currents quickly, we have to ensure rapid cooling. High-speed
interruption lunits the damage transmission lines and equipment and, equally
important,it helps to mainmain the stability of the system whenever a contingency
变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述(工程科技)
行业1材料 1 附录Ⅲ
英文翻译
A comprehensive overview of substations
Along with the economic development and the modern industry developments of
quick rising, the design of the power supply system become more and more completely
and system. Because the quickly increase electricity of factories, it also increases
seriously to the dependable index of the economic condition, power supply in quantity.
Therefore they need the higher and more perfect request to the power supply. Whether
Design reasonable, not only affect directly the base investment and circulate the
expenses with have the metal depletion in colour metal, but also will reflect the
dependable in power supply and the safe in many facts. In a word, it is close with the
economic performance and the safety of the people. The substation is an importance
part of the electric power system, it is consisted of the electric appliances equipments
电气专业毕业设计外文翻译
附录1：外文资料翻译
A1.1外文资料题目
26.22 接地故障电路开关
我们目前为止报道的接地方法通常是充分的, 但更加进一步的安全措施在某些情况下是必要的。假设例如, 有人将他的手指伸进灯口（如Fig.26.45示）。虽然金属封入物安全地接地, 但那人仍将受到痛苦的震动。或假设1个120V的电炉掉入游泳池。发热设备和联络装置将导致电流流入在水池中的危害，即使电路的外壳被安全地接地，现在已经发展为当这样的事件发生时，设备的电源将被切断。如果接地电流超过5mA，接地开关将在5 ms内跳掉，这些装置怎么运行的？
如Fig.26.46所示，一台小变流器缠绕上导线 ，第二步是要连接到可能触发开合120 V线的一台敏感电子探测器。 在正常情况下流过导体的电流WI与中性点上的电流NI准切的相等，因此流经核心的净潮流(NWII)是零。 结果，在核心没有产生电流，导致的电压FE为零，并且开关CB没有动作。
假设如果某人接触了一个终端(图Fig.26.45示)，故障电流FI将直接地从载电线漏到地面，这是可能发生的。如果绝缘材料在马达和它的地面封入物之间断开，故障电流也会被产生。在以下任何情况下，流经CT的孔的净潮流等于FI或LI，不再是零。电流被产生，并且产生了可以控制CB开关的电压FE。 由于5 mA不平衡状态只必须被检测出，变压器的核心一定是非常有渗透性的在低通量密度。 Supermalloy是最为常用的，因为它有相对渗透性典型地70000在通量密度仅4mT。
26.23 tI2是导体迅速发热的因素
它有时发生于导体短期内电流远大于正常值的情况下，RI2损失非常大并且导体的温度可以在数秒内上升几百度。例如，当发生严重短路时，在保险丝或开关作用之前，会有很大的电流流过导体和电缆。
此外，热量没有时间被消散到周围，因此导体的温度非常迅速地增加。 在这些情况下什么是温度上升？
逆变器中英文对照外文翻译文献
1
中英文对照外文翻译文献
(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)
逆变器
1引言
逆变器是一种电动装置，转换成直流电（DC），交流电流转换的AC（交流）可以在任何所需的电压和频率使用适当的变压器，开关，控制circuits.Solid状态逆变器有没有移动部件，用于广泛的应用范围从小型计算机开关电源，高压大型电力
2 公司电力，运输散装直接电流应用。逆变器通常用于提供交流电源，直流电源，如太阳能电池板或电池。
逆变器的主要有两种类型。修改后的正弦波逆变器的输出是类似方波输出，输出变为零伏前一段时间切换积极或消极的除外。它是简单，成本低，是大多数电子设备兼容，除敏感或专用设备，例如某些激光打印机。一个纯正弦波逆变器产生一个近乎完美的正弦波输出（<3％的总谐波失真），本质上是相同的公用事业提供电网。因此，它是与所有的交流电的电子设备兼容。这是在电网领带逆变器使用的类型。它的设计更复杂，成本5或10倍以上每单位功率电逆变器是一个高功率的电子振荡器。它这样命名，因为早期的机械AC到DC转换器工作在反向，因而被“倒”，将直流电转换AC.The变频器执行的整流器对面功能。
2应用
2.1直流电源利用率
逆变器从交流电力来源，如电池，太阳能电池板，燃料电池的直流电转换成。电力，可以在任何所需的电压，特别是它可以操作交流电源操作而设计的设备，或纠正，以产生任何所需的voltage Grid领带逆变器的直流送入分销网络的能量，因为它们产生电流交替使用相同的波形和频率分配制度提供。他们还可以关掉一个blackout.Micro逆变器的情况下自动转换成交流电电网的电流直接从当前个别太阳能电池板。默认情况下，他们是格领带设计。
2.2不间断电源
不间断电源（UPS），电池和逆变器，交流电源，主电源不可用时使用。当主电源恢复正常时，整流提供直流电源给电池充电。
2.3感应加热
逆变器的低频交流主电源转换到更高频率的感应加热使用。要做到这一点，首先纠正交流电源提供直流电源。逆变器，然后改变高频率的交流电源，直流电源。
电气毕业论文设计英语文献原文+翻译.doc
标准文档
外文翻译
院 （系）
专业班级
姓 名
学 号
指导教师
年 月 日
标准文档
Programmable designed for electro-pneumatic systems
controller
John F.Wakerly
This project deals with the study of electro-pneumatic systems and the
programmable controller that provides an effective and easy way to
control the sequence of the pneumatic actuators movement and the states
of pneumatic system. The project of a specific controller for pneumatic
applications join the study of automation design and the control
processing of pneumatic systems with the electronic design based on
microcontrollers to implement the resources of the controller.
1. Introduction
The automation systems that use electro-pneumatic technology are
formed mainly by three kinds of elements: actuators or motors, sensors
or buttons and control elements like valves. Nowadays, most of the control
电气类毕业设计外文翻译---对四川电网输变电设施在汶川地震中受损调查
附录2：外文翻译
对四川电网输变电设施在汶川地震中受损调查
2008年5月12日，发生中国四川省汶川的里氏8.0级大地震是自中华人民共和国自1949年成立以来最大破坏的地震。这次地震不仅仅造成大量生命死亡和财产的损失，而且还影响到了输变电设施。
灾难发生后，来自中国电力研究院的一组专家到达现场做调查。本文就是对于这次调查的一个摘要，同时对于电力设备抵抗地震灾难的建议也起到有利作用。
2008年5月12日，下午二点二十八分发生在中国四川省汶川的里氏8.0级地震。在宁夏、青海、甘肃、河南、山西、山东、云南、湖北、上海、重庆、北京等地的人们都感觉到了。这次地震对当地人们的生命安全以及财产造成了巨大的威胁；它同时也对输变电设备造成了严重的损失。为了减少设备的损失，缩短维修时间以尽可能快地恢复电力供应，因而减少二次损失，在地震过后对它们做一个调查是非常有必要的。此外，根据己知的设备抗震性能的了解，采取有效的对策来提高设备的抵抗地震的能力。
为了知道四川电网的输变电设备的详细的地位以及增加未来对地震后的数学缓解，从五月十八号到二十一号，一组来自中国电力研究院的专家被组织起派往四川做一个现场调查。专家们检查220-kV和110-kV变电所的一些受灾情况。为了交流和取得一些现场信息，他们同当地的电力公司包括四川电力公司，四川电力测试和研究机构，四川德阳电力公司和四川绵阳电力公司，举办了一个座谈会。根据这些，他们做了一个初期的关于在地震中输变电设备损失的摘要。
根据本次调查，以及世界范围内曾经发生过类似地震，这次地震破坏了大部分的电力设备，尤其是带有瓷套管人高压设备，包括变压器，断路器，隔离开关，电流互感器，电压互感器等。变电所的建筑设备同样遭受了不同程度的破坏。输电线路和杆塔没有受到很大的损坏。
汶川地震的特点
汶川地震是自中华人民共和国自1949年成立到现在最大破坏力的地震。这次地震的强度和力度都超过1976年的唐山大地震。
变压器类电工名词英文术语
电工名词ABC
2002-3
变压器类电工名词英文术语
1.over-exciting curve 过励磁曲线
2. rated power 额定容量
3.normal insulation 正常绝缘
4. reduced insulation 降低绝缘
bination of various rated voltage 电压组合
6. rated voltage ratio 额定电压比
7.connection symbol 联结组标号
8.phase displacement 相位移
9.connection diagram of windings 绕组联结图
10.corresponding terminals 相应端子
电力系统继电保护毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献
电力系统继电保护论文中英文资料
Relay protection development present situation
[Abstract ] reviewed our country electrical power system relay protection technological devil
orpiment process， has outlined the microcomputer relay protection technology achievement, pro
posed the future relay protection technological development tendency will be: Computerizes, n
networked， protects, the control， the survey， the data communication integration and the
artificial I intellectualization.
[Key word ］ relay protection present situation development， relay protections future
development
1 relay protection development present situation
The electrical power system rapid development to the relay protection proposed unceasingly t he
new request， the electronic technology， computer technology and the communication rapid
development unceasingly has poured into the new vigor for the relay protection technology de
电气工程及其自动化专业外文文献英文文献外文翻译方面
1、 外文原文（复印件）
A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer
The single-chip microcomputer is the culmination of both the development of the digital computer and the integrated circuit arguably
the tow most significant inventions of the 20th century [1]. These tow types of architecture are found in single-chip microcomputer. Some employ the split program/data memory of the
Harvard architecture, shown in -5A, others follow the philosophy, widely
adapted for general-purpose computers and microprocessors, of making no
logical distinction between program and data memory as in the Princeton architecture, shown in -5A.
In general terms a single-chip microcomputer is characterized by the incorporation of all the units of a computer into a single device, as
shown in Fig3-5A-3.
-5A-1 A Harvard type
-5A. A conventional Princeton computer
毕业设计(论文)外文原文及译文
1 毕业设计（论文）外文原文及译文
一、外文原文
MCU
A microcontroller (or MCU) is a computer-on-a-chip. It is a type of
microcontroller emphasizing self-sufficiency and cost-effectiveness, in
contrast to a general-purpose microprocessor (the kind used in a PC).
With the development of technology and control systems in a wide range
of applications, as well as equipment to small and intelligent development, as
one of the single-chip high-tech for its small size, powerful, low cost, and
other advantages of the use of flexible, show a strong vitality. It is generally
better compared to the integrated circuit of anti-interference ability, the
environmental temperature and humidity have better adaptability, can be
stable under the conditions in the industrial. And single-chip widely used in a
variety of instruments and meters, so that intelligent instrumentation and
变压器毕业设计论文
I0 = Im Ie
变压器
1） 介绍
要从远端发电厂送出电能，必须应用高压输电。因为最终的负荷，在一些点 高电压必须降低。变压器能使电力系统各个部分运行在电压不同的等级。 本文我 们讨论的原则和电力变压器的应用。
2） 双绕组变压器
变压器的最简单形式包括两个磁通相互耦合的固定线圈。两个线圈之所以相 互耦合，是因为它们连接着共同的磁通。
在电力应用中，使用层式铁芯变压器（本文中提到的）。变压器是高效率的， 因为它没有旋转损失，因此在电压等级转换的过程中，能量损失比较少。典型的 效率范围在92到99%,上限值适用于大功率变压器。
从交流电源流入电流的一侧被称为变压器的一次侧绕组或者是原边。 它在铁
圈中建立了磁通它的幅值和方向都会发生周期性的变化。磁通连接的第二个 绕组被称为变压器的二次侧绕组或者是副边。 磁通是变化的；因此依据楞次定律， 电磁感应在二次侧产生了电压。变压器在原边接收电能的同时也在向副边所带的 负荷输送电能。这就是变压器的作用。
3） 变压器的工作原理
当二次侧电路开路是，即使原边被施以正弦电压 Vp,也是没有能量转移的。 外加电压在一次侧绕组中产生一个小电流 I eo这个空载电流有两项功能为在铁芯 中产生电磁通，该磁通在零和 枷之间做正弦变化，枷是 枷铁芯磁通的最大值； 它的一个分量说明了铁芯中的涡流和磁滞损耗。这两种相关的损耗被称为铁芯损 耗。
变压器空载电流I e—般大约只有满载电流的2%—5%。因为在空载时，原边 绕组中的铁芯相当于一个很大的电抗，空载电流的相位大约将滞后于原边电压相 位90Q显然可见电流分量Im=Iosin出，被称做励磁电流，它在相位上滞后于原边 电压VP90Q就是这个分量在铁芯中建立了磁通；因此磁通 ©与Im同相。
第二个分量le=losin e与原边电压同相。这个电流分量向铁芯提供用于损 耗的电流。两个相量的分量和代表空载电流，即 Es Ns