2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：47
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The theory that business could operate totally without the aid of government has proved to be a （）.问题1选项A.allusionB.seclusionC.illusionD.confusion【答案】C【解析】考察名词辨析。
allusion “暗示”；seclusion “与世隔绝”；illusion “幻想；错觉”；confusion“混乱；困惑”。
句意：认为商业运营能够完全脱离政府援助的这种观点是一种幻想。
选项C 符合句意。
2.单选题The closer one can get to reality, the easier the learning by the student,（） that the necessary knowledge has been given previously to facilitate comprehension.问题1选项A.soB.despiteC.suchD.provided【答案】D【解析】考察连词辨析。
so 因此，despite 尽管，such 如此；provided that “如果，假设”;句意：如果先前已经学习了能够帮助理解的必要知识，那么距离现实越近，学习就会越容易。
选项D符合句意。
3.单选题The Egyptians used to believe that literacy was divine. Scholars no longer ________ that theory, but why ancient civilizations developed writing was a mystery for a long time.问题1选项A.embraceB.involveC.formulateprehend【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. embrace 接受，采纳B. involve 包含，牵涉C. formulate 制订，规划D. comprehend 理解，领悟【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】空格处和下文的“theory（理论）”构成动宾逻辑，表示学者们不再怎么样这一理论，该理论指的是上一句的“埃及人过去一度认为读写能力是一种天赐技能（literacy was divine）”。
由but 可知，此处存在转折的逻辑关系，下文说到“古代文明为什么会发展书写能力（writing）一直是一个谜（mystery）”，说明虽然学者们不认同这一理论，但他们还不清楚为什么古代文明为什么会发展书写能力。
embrace指接受一个想法、建议、信念等，因此A选项embrace“接受，采纳”最符合题意。
【干扰项排除】B选项involve“包含，牵涉”指包括某人或某物作为某事物的一部分，不符合题干的语义逻辑；C选项formulate“制订，规划”指精心制作或准备，特别注意细节，不符合题干的语义逻辑；D选项comprehend“理解，领悟”指充分理解某事物，此处说的是学者不接受、认同这一理论，而不是不能理解理论的内涵。
【句意】埃及人过去一度认为读写能力是一种天赐技能。
虽然学者们不再接受这一理论，但古代文明为什么会发展书写能力一直是一个谜。
4.单选题Without ________ their differences, the couple fought about the housework again.问题1选项A.ruling outB.figuring outC.ironing outD.letting out【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. ruling out 不考虑，排除B. figuring out 想出，弄明白C. ironing out 解决，消除D. letting out 放出，发出【考查点】动词词组辨析。
【解题思路】空格处和下文的“their differences（他们之间的分歧）”构成动宾逻辑，without在句中作伴随状语，表示他们之间的分歧没有怎么样。
由后半句句意“又（again）为家务问题争吵起来（fought about）”可知，这对夫妇在为家务争吵之前本来就存在着分歧，而且原本的分歧并没有解决。
iron out 指解决问题或困难，因此C选项ironing out“解决，消除”最符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A选项ruling out“不考虑，排除”指在仔细考虑或研究后不再考虑某事物的可能性，不符合题干的语义逻辑；B选项figuring out“想出，弄明白”指通过思考理解某事物或找到解决办法，不符合题干的语义逻辑；D选项letting out“放出，发出”指发出声音等，不能和“differences（分歧）”进行搭配。
【句意】这对夫妇没有消除他们之间的分歧，又为家务问题争吵起来。
5.单选题Judges must be firm, fair and（）in their application of the law. 问题1选项A.normalB.virtualC.consistentD.incessant【答案】C【解析】考察形容词辨析。
normal “正常的”；virtual “虚拟的”；consistent “一致的”；incessant “持续不断的”。
句意：法官在实施法律时，必须做到坚定、公正、一致。
选项C符合句意。
6.单选题In the ________ of developments in science and technology, man has become more capable of conquering nature.问题1选项A.eventB.searchC.wakeD.future【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. event 事件，活动B. search 搜索，搜寻C. wake 尾流，航迹D. future 未来，将来【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】由“mor e capable of conquering nature（征服自然的能力越来越强）”可知，前半句是在介绍这种能力变强的原因。
通常来说，人类是通过科技来征服自然的，所以随着科技的发展，征服自然的能力会越来越强。
in the wake of是固定搭配，意为“随……之后而来，跟随在……后”，因此C选项wake“尾流，航迹”最符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A选项event“事件，活动”，in the event of指万一、如果发生了某事，由“has become（已经变得）”可知，科学技术的发展是已经发生的，而不是假设的情况，不符合题干的语义逻辑；B选项search“搜索，搜寻”，in the search of指寻找某事物，不能和“developments in science and technology（科技发展）”进行搭配；D选项future“未来，将来”，in the future of指对于某事物的未来，由“has become（已经变得）”可知，科学技术的发展是已经发生的，而不是未来的事，不符合题干的语义逻辑。
【句意】随着科学技术的发展，人类征服自然的能力也越来越强了。
7.单选题Their work will ________, but they ought to try to improve it.问题1选项A.get awayB.get aroundC.get byD.get on【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. get away 离开，逃跑B. get around 避开，说服C. get by 过得去，勉强过活D. get on 进展，做得好【考查点】固定搭配。
【解题思路】空格处和上文的“Their work（他们的工作）”构成主谓逻辑，表示他们的工作如何。
由but 可知前后两个分句之间存在转折的逻辑关系，由后半句句意“但他们应该努力加以改进（improve it）”可知，他们的工作情况不算糟糕，但是还有需要改进的地方。
get by指勉强过得去，因此C选项“过得去，勉强过活”最符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A选项get away“离开，逃跑”指离开一个地方或为了避免被抓而逃跑，不能和“work（工作）”进行搭配；B选项get around“避开，说服”指避开规章法律或通过取悦谄媚来说服，不符合题干的语义逻辑；D选项get on“进展，做得好”指在特定情况下取得成功，与题干的语义相矛盾，应该是“工作勉强过得去”而不是“工作做得好”。
【句意】虽然他们的工作还过得去，但他们应该努力加以改进。
8.单选题We need someone who has an ________ view as the nation’s chief law enforcement officer.问题1选项A.imaginativeB.impartialC.inquisitiveD.instinctive【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. imaginative 富于想象力的，创新的B. impartial 公平的，公正的C. inquisitive 好奇的，爱打听的D. instinctive 本能的，直觉的【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】空格处做定语修饰下文的“view（观点）”，表示我们需要一个有着什么样观点态度的人。
由“as the nation’s chief law enforcement officer（担任国家首席执法官）”可知，空格处应该说的是首席执法官的特点，既然是执法官，就需要是公平、公正的。
impartial指平等对待所有人和群体，没有偏见，因此B选项“公平的，公正的”最符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A选项imaginative“富于想象力的，创新的”指拥有新想法和有趣想法的能力；C选项inquisitive“好奇的，爱打听的”指喜欢问问题，有想知道更多的欲望；D选项instinctive“本能的，直觉的”指与本能有关的或基于本能的，而不是基于思考或训练的；均不能和“law enforcement officer（执法官）”相对应。
【句意】我们需要一个有公正态度的人来担任国家首席执法官。
9.单选题Medical statistics have shown that the widespread use of cigarettes （） to the increase of cancers.问题1选项A.refersB.confinesC.owesD.contributes【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Youngsters who drink and smoke, and are often absent from school are far more likely to be （） from school.问题1选项A.inducedB.disobeyedC.expelledD.forbidden【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。
选项A, B, D都不能与介词from搭配应用。
be expelled from school意为被学校开除, 符合句意。
句意：酗酒、吸烟、经常旷课的青少年更有可能被学校开除。
2.单选题At the press conference, the Prime Minister（）the government’s refusal to compromise with terrorists.问题1选项A.rectifiedB.recitedC.rekindledD.reiterated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
rectify“调整，矫正”；recite “背诵，叙述”；rekindle “复燃”；reiterate “重申，重复”。
句意：在记者招待会上，首相重申了政府拒绝向恐怖分子妥协这一申明。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题Why be（）about that old coat? There’s no point in keeping it just because you were wearing it when you first met me.问题1选项A.sensitiveB.sensibleC.sentimentalD.sensational【答案】C【解析】be sentimental about sth.为固定搭配，意为“对....很伤感”。
4.单选题The aim of the president’s speech was to convince still reluctant countries of the great necessity of imposing sanctions against the countries that（）terrorists.问题1选项A.kidnappedB.harassedC.heckledD.harbored【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I am afraid we have to（）a set of rules called etiquette and politeness to make our frequent meetings tolerable.问题1选项A.confide toB.dedicate toC.concur onD.dispense with【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
confide to“信赖，透露”；dedicate to“献身，把（时间、精力）用于……”；concur on“同意，一致”；dispense with“免除，省掉”。
句意：恐怕必须要省掉一些所谓的礼仪和规矩才能使我们忍受得住源源不断的会议。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.B.Its health benefits have been overestimated.C.Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.D.It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.问题2选项A.It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.B.It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.C.It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.D.It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.15.问题3选项A.Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.B.Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.C.Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.D.Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:D【解析】Passage TwoMost Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. [13] Researcher n ow says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King, a diet s pecialist at Texas Children’s Hospital, finds it hard to get teenage patients’ attention about healthy eating. But telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That’s a powerful message.The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, [14] and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.[15] The finding points to longstanding evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That’s why women are told to eat 25 grams of fiber a day—men even more.13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问关于在青少年饮食中添加纤维，这项新研究告诉了我们什么？录音开头提及，研究人员表示在青少年的膳食中添加纤维食物可能有助于降低患乳腺癌的风险。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：8
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题By the time you arrive in London, we ______ in Europe for two weeks.问题1选项A.shall stayB.have stayedC.will have stayedD.have been staying【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
句意：等你到达伦敦的时候，我们已经在欧洲待两个星期了。
将来完成时是用在表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作；其结构为主语+shall/will have been+表语。
根据语境，动作在将来某一时间前已经完成，C选项will have stayed符合题意。
因此C选项正确。
2.翻译题46. 当有人对我说，他们喜爱动物是因为动物有感情，然后又虐待动物，我就对他们说，幸亏他们不喜欢我。
(4 points)47. 贫困国家转变富裕国家靠的是投资开发自然资源，并借助教育和技术的转移项目提高人力资源和技术资源。
(5 points)48. 有一些人，他们之所以关心经济发展，或是因为他们认为发展经济是发展中国家人民需要实现的目标，或是因为他们认为只有经济增长率达到令人满意的程度才能保证政治稳定。
(5 points)49. 失去理想是人们可能会犯的一个重大错误，这就是为什么我们应该奋力向前并且相信我们自己，无论选定的目标看起来多么遥不可及，我们都应争取实现。
(6 points) 【答案】46. When people tell me that they love animals because animals have feelings, but torture them, I tell them it’s a good thing they don’t like me.47. The transition from poor to rich countries is achieved by investment in the development of natural resources and the promotion human and technological resources through education and technology transfer projects.48. There are those who are concerned about economic development, either because they believe that economic development is a goal that people in developing countries need to achieve, or because they believe that political stability can be ensured only if the economic growth rate reaches a satisfactory level.49. Losing our ideals is a big mistake people can make, which is why we should push forward and believe in ourselves. No matter how reachless the chosen goal may seem, we should strive to achieve it.3.翻译题Section B: Chinese to English (20 points)Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on your ANSWER SHEET. 41. 最近，国际货币基金组织的负责人申明，面对各国政府保护主义上升势头，各国领导人之间的全球合作和互相理解，对提升目前的经济复苏是必须的。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第69期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The chief drawback of the adeno-associated virus is that it is small, carrying only two genes in its natural state.问题1选项A.featureB.concernC.defectD.barrier【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. feature 特色，特征B. concern （尤指许多人共同的）担心，忧虑C. defect 缺点，缺陷，毛病（某事物或其制造方式上的错误，意味着不完美）D. barrier 屏障，障碍物【答案】C【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】drawback的意思为“缺点，不利条件（使某事物失去吸引力的缺点或问题）”，这里指的是腺病毒群的缺点，defect与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】腺病毒群的主要缺点是体积小，在自然状态下只携带两个基因。
2.填空题When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Men are very clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of clothes reflect basic qualities ofAB CDstability and reliability?【答案】C very clever改为too clever【解析】【考查点】固定句型。
【解题思路】too...to是固定句型，意思为“太……而不能”，指的是男性非常聪明，不会让自己被服装设计师欺骗，因此C部分应为too clever。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：60
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The Romans were hardworking and frugal, self-reliant, serious about their responsibilities and steadfast in the face of adversity.问题1选项A.economicalB.cautiousC.courageousD.righteous【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. economical 节俭的，节约的B. cautious 小心的，谨慎的C. courageous 勇敢的，无畏的D. righteous 公正的，正直的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】frugal的意思为“（对金钱、食物等）节约的，节俭的”，用来形容the Romans，指的是罗马人很勤俭节约，economical与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】罗马人勤劳节俭，自力更生，认真履行他们的责任，面对逆境也坚定不移。
2.单选题He has admitted to making a blunder by loading up on this stock during the 2008 oil boom, and just before the stock-market crash.问题1选项A.errorB.riskC.fortuneD.deal【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. error 错误，差错B. risk 危险，风险C. fortune 机会，运气D. deal 协议，（尤指）交易【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】blunder的意思为“愚蠢（或粗心）的错误”，指的是在不恰当的时间囤积了股票，这是一个错误，error与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：43
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Mary finally decided（） all the junk she had kept in the garage.问题1选项A.get ridB.gotten rid ofC.getting rid ofD.to get rid of【答案】D【解析】固定介词搭配。
decide to do sth.决定做某事。
所以，选项D正确。
2.单选题“Two hundred eight million, two hundred nine million, two hundred ten million...” That is the sound of solid waste hitting the bottom of garbage cans all over United States in 1996. Solid wastes are materials that are discarded or thrown away after use by consumers and businesses. This does not include fluid materials. During that year, Americans threw away 210 million tons (about 43 pounds/20 kilograms per person daily) of garbage. We throw away 12. 4 million tons of glass and about 80 million tons of paper products. America also throws away large amounts (in tons) of food scraps, yard wastes, plastics, sludge from sewage treatment plants, and other materials. That is almost a mountain of garbage.Even though we make an effort to recycle and compost our solid waste, the amount of waste keeps increasing each year. Our biggest problem is where to put the solid waste and how to keep it from polluting our environment. If solid waste is disposed of incorrectly, it can contaminate our surface and underground water supplies. Currently, our municipal waste or waste collected by our cities and towns, goes to landfills. Today, about 85% our garbage goes to landfills or garbage dumps. This waste must be treated to keep rats, flies and other animals from building their home in the landfills. The treat also prevents the growth of bacteria and other organism that carry diseases. So, how do we handle this mountain of garbage? Scientists have come up with different methods for handling our waste problem.One type of waste disposal called sanitary landfill was first used in Fresno California, in 1937. In sanitary landfill, the solid waste is spread in thin layers that compacted and covered with a layer of earth. This is a more expensive method, but it takes away the hazards that are caused by landfills. It also allowed the land to be used for building or recreation. The negative of the landfills is that it’s tough to find open land and this process is very expensive. The land also needs its water sources protected so that the water will not pollute the water supply. Landfill (water dumps) and sanitary landfills rely on the natural biodegradability of the solid wastes. Solid waste are biodegradable if they can decay or break down through the action of living organisms and return to the earth. However certain materials take longer to decay than others, and some materials do not decay or decompose at all. Scientists need to find other methods of waste disposal. Incineration and recycling are methods that are currently in use today.1.This passage is about disposal problem of solid waste（）.2.From the article we can infer that（）.3.According to the article, about（）is dumped to landfills.4.The word “recycle”( Line 1, Paragraph 2) means（）.5.According to the article, which one of the following is NOT true?问题1选项A.by consumersB.in CaliforniaC.by municipal governmentD.in America问题2选项A.treatment of the solid is a hard nut to crackB.solution for proper disposal will be found soonC.California set a good example in solid waste in 1930sD.the government remains confident about the solid waste问题3选项A.12. 4 million tons of garbageB.80 million tons of garbageC.85% of the garbageD.92. 4 tons of garbage问题4选项A.to send something far awayB.to throw something away to the right placeC.to convert waste into reusable materialD.to turn into fertilizers问题5选项A.Solid waste does not include fluid materials.B.Sanitary landfill is a type of waste disposal method once used in California.C.Burning is not a method that is used today.posting is still one of the ways to handle the mountain of garbage【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：86
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Competition protects the freedom of the individual from ensuring that there is no monopoly of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits.A BCD【答案】B from改为by【解析】【考查点】介词。
【解题思路】protect为这里的谓语动词，指的是维护个体自由，B部分到句尾指的是维护个体自由的方式，介词by“（表示方式）”符合语境。
【句意】竞争可以权力垄断，维护个体自由。
与全能的政府相比，许多企业为了利润而相互竞争。
2.单选题If we all end up trying to be savers, the global economy will tilt more heavily towards protectionism and recession.问题1选项A.favorB.proceedC.leanD.extend 【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. favor 优惠，特别照顾，偏袒B. proceed 继续做（或从事、进行）C. lean 倾斜D. extend 使伸长；扩大【答案】C【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】tilt的意思为“使向……倾斜，偏向”，指的是保护主义和经济衰退会变得更加严重的倾向，lean与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】如果我们最终都试图成为储蓄者，全球经济将更严重地偏向保护主义和衰退。
3.单选题This time he could afford to make no mistake: his teacher was there _______, watching every move.问题1选项A.at his elbowB.off his handC.on his feetD.in his eyes【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. at his elbow 近在手边，在身边B. off his hand（get sth. o ff of one’s hand 把某物从某人手上甩掉）C. on his feet 站立着D. in his eyes 在他眼里【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题21-25问题1选项A.The cause of COPD.B.Harmful effects of smoking.C.D.B.Harmful effects of smoking.C.D.B.Harmful effects of smoking.C.Men more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.D.Women more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.问题2选项A.954B.955C.1909D.1955问题3选项A.On May 18 in San Diego.B.On May 25 in San Diego.C.On May 18 in San Francisco.D.On May 25 in San Francisco.问题4选项A.When smoking exposure is high.B.When smoking exposure is low.C.When the subjects received medication.D.When the subjects stopped smoking.25.问题5选项A.Hormone differences in men and women.B.Genetic differences between men and women.C.Women’s active metabolic rate.D.Women’s smaller airways.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】(21) Woman may be more susceptible to the lung-damaging effect to smoking than men, according to new research by Inga-Cecilie Soerheim, M.D., and her colleagues from Chiming Laboratory, Brigham and Women Hospital and University of Bergen Norway. (22) They analyzed the data from the Norwegian case control study, including 954 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD慢性阻塞性肺疾病)and 955 controls, all the current or ex-smokers. And COPD subject had moderate or severe COPD. Overall analysis indicated the women may be more vulnerable to the effect to smoking, which is something previously suspected but not proven, said Dr.Soerheim. (23) The study results would be presented on May 18, at the 105th international conference of American society in San Diego. Examining the total study sample, there were no gender differences with respect to lung function (FEVI) and COPD severity, but the women were on average younger and had smoked significantly less than men. To explore these differences further; they also analyzed two subgroups of the study sample: COPD subjects under the age of 60 (early onset group) and COPD subjects with less than 20pack year of smoking (low exposure group). In both subgroups, women had more severe disease and greater impairment of lung function than men.“This means that female smokers in our study experienced reduced lung function at a l ower level of smoking exposure and at an earlier age than men," said Dr. Soerheim.It has long been suspected that the effect of smoking on lung function may be modified by gender. Interaction analysis confirmed that being female represents a higher risk of reduced lung function and severe COPD, (24) but this gender effect of was most pronounced when the level of smoking exposure was low.The gender difference in COPD susceptibility seems to be most important when smoking exposure is low. Women may tolerate small amounts of tobacco worse than men,” Dr. Soerheim explained.According to Dr. Soerheim, the reason why women may be more susceptible to the effects of cigarette smoke is still unknown, but there are several possible explanations: (25) “Women have small airways, therefore each cigarettes may be more harm. Also there are gender differences in the metabolism of cigarette smoke, genes and hormones could also be important.”21. What’s the most likely the topic of this talk?【解析】从短文录音的第一句便可知道答案：Woman may be more susceptible to the lung damaging effect to smoking than men。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：40
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I remembered that the real world was wide, and that a varied field of hopes and fears, of （）, awaited those who had the courage to go forth into its expanse, to seek real knowledge of life amidst its perils.问题1选项A.senses and excitementsB.sentiment and excitementC.sensibility and excitementD.sensations and excitements【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。
senses and excitements “感觉与兴奋”；sentiment and excitement “情绪与兴奋”；sensibility and excitement “感觉与兴奋”；sensations and excitements “感动与兴奋”。
根据空格前hopes and fears都是用的复数形式，可知空格中也要用名词复数。
句意：我记得真实的世界是广阔的，充满希望和恐惧，充满感动与兴奋，等待着那些有勇气的人走入其中，在生活的冒险中寻求真正的知识。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题He was the king of farce and the most influential neoclassical playwright. His characters were used to （） real people, and he was interested in showing the reality of human weakness as much as possible.问题1选项A.depictB.ridiculeC.amuseD.imitate【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：51
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Men often wait longer to get help for medical problems than women, and （）, women live about six years longer than men on an average.问题1选项A.instead ofB.constantlyC.consequentlyD.because【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知，前后构成因果关系，前面是因，后面是由此产生的结果，所以选项C符合语境。
2.单选题The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national（）.问题1选项A.personalityB.temperamentC.interestD.destiny【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。
句意：中日两国文化有许多共同的特点，但两国都根据各自的国情发挥了这些特点。
National temperament指“国情”，为常用搭配。
选项B正确。
3.翻译题It goes without saying, then, that language is also a political instrument, means, and proof of power. It is the most vivid and crucial key to identity: it reveals the private identity, and connects one with, or divorces one from, the larger public, or communal identity. There have been, and are, times, and places, when to speak a certain language could be dangerous, even fatal. Or, one may speak the s ame language, but in such a way that one’s antecedents are revealed, or (one hopes) hidden. This is true in France, and is absolutely true in England: The range (and reign) of accents on that damp little island make England coherent for the English and totally incomprehensible for everyone else. To open your mouth in England is (if I may use black English) to “put your business in the street”: You have confessed your parents, your youth, your school, your salary, your self-esteem, and, alas, your future.【答案】不言而喻，语言也是一种政治工具、手段和力量的象征。