gre写作argument常用词汇
gre写作argument常用词汇
逻辑连接词：
因果(后接结果)：
=〉导致：result in; be responsible for; attributable to/ attribute to; contribute to~; lead to; cause; give birth to; give rise to; serve to;
=〉故此：hence; therefore; thereby+现在分词; thus; as a result; so that;
eventually; correspondingly; accordingly; consequently; resultingly; namely;
=〉为了：so as to; for the purpose of; for the sake of;
in an attempt to; in efforts to;
因果(后接原因)：
=〉因为：owing to; in respect that; on account of; due to; for the reason that; since; for; may account for;
=〉由……导致：as a consequence / result of; is the
result of; derive from; result from; be a response to;
弱因果(考虑到)：
=>for fear of; bearing in mind; be blamed on;
=>considering; in consideration of; knowing;
=>in face of (such limited evidence); in light of; in
view of; in favor of; concern with; in terms of;
=>object to;
关于：
in relation to; with respect to; with regard to; with/in reference to;
within the context of;
with the guise of(在伪装下);
常用点缀小副词：
=〉事实上：in itself; actually; in fact; in reality; realistically;as a matter of fact; more prosaically;
=〉水准：highly; greatly; inescapably; to some extent; somewhat; thoroughly; seriously; spectacularly; indeed; undoubtedly; certainly; completely; wholly; in many cases; it is save to say;
=〉其它：comparatively; relatively; relevantly; as to; ideally; presumably;
转折：nonetheless; nevertheless; in spite of; whereas; instead; conversely; however;
对比：in contrast; as compared to; in comparison with; at the same time;differentiate between ~ and ~; differentiate ~ from ~;
让步：take it for granted; grantedly; granted that ;Now that; as though; after all; even if; even assuming; despite; to the extent that this is the case; appear; seem; while this may be true in some cases, it is equally possible that~;
递进：furthermore; in addition/additionally; besides; moreover; what really matters/counts is; what is more; let alone; particularly; most importantly; _is even more_;
等同：equate ~with~; amount to; likewise; in like manner; similarly; in other words; that is to say; along with; in combination; in the same way;Coincide with;
其它常用词汇：
举例：for instance; for example; such as; consider the fact that;
立即：immediately; for the time being; in no time; on the spot;
鉴于此：for that matter; in that case; for that reason; as for;
可能不是这样：(unfortunately)
=>this is not necessarily the case;
this is often/certainly not the case;
this might not be the case;
this need not be the case;
common sense and experience tell us this is not the
case/this assumption is a poor one;
=>the argument fails to substantiate this assumption;
perhaps ~that have nothing to do with~;
this argument by analogy is wholly unpersuasive;。
GREArguement七种常见错误个人总结
一．经不起推敲的类推（f a l s e a n a l o g y）Thisargument relieson whatmightbea falseanalogy betweenAandBC.（开头）InorderforBCto serveasmodels thatAshould emulate,thearguermustassumethatall relevantcircumstances invol vedare essentiallythesame.(环境、背景不同)However,thisassumptionis unwarranted.（过渡）Forexample,theargument overlooks thepossibilitythat…..Perhaps…..（列举各种可能性）Thearguersimplyassumesthat…..buthedoes notprovideanyevidence that……areindeedcomparable. Asweknow,the…and…differconspicuously.Itistruethat both…...butevenhereexist fundamentaldifferences:….（两种东西本身不同）Therefore,eventhoughthe….provedeffectivein…..,thereisno guarantee thatitwill workjustaswellfor…..（结尾）二将因果关系与单纯的关联关系或时间关系混淆起来（confusecausalrelationshipwithcorrelation）Theargumentconcludedbasedona knowncorrelation betweenAandB.Yetthe correlationalone isonlya scantevidence oftheclaimed“cause-and–effect”relationship. Perhaps…..Moreover,theargument overlooks thefactthat….Thearguer hasnotaccountedfor thepossibilitythat….Ifthisisthecase,thantheconclusionwould lackanymeritwh atsoever.三．认为一个群体的特征适用于该群体的所有成员四．认为某条件是某结果的必要和/或充足条件1.要想取得理想的结果就必须按照这种（推荐的）行为去做2.按照这种（推荐的）行为去捉就足以去的理想的结果a)Therecommendationd ependsontheassumption thatno alternative meansof…areavailable.Yetnoevidenceisoffe redtosubstantiatethisassumption.Admitittedly,…..However,itis entirelypossible thatmeansotherthanthiswouldalso achievethedesiredresult.（指出替代选项的存在）Perhapsthedesiredimprovementcouldbe achieved if…..（列举替代选项）Without consideringandrulingout theseandotheralternativemeansof….,thearguer cannotconfidently concludet hat…..mustdo…inordertoachievethegoal.（收尾）b)Therecommendationdependsontheadditional unsubstantiated assumptionthat…..would byitself improve……(指出不一定能达到目标)Absentevidencethatthisisthecase,itis equallypossible that…..Thus,withoutbetterevidencethat……,theargumentremainsunconvincing.（列举可能性一）Evenassumingthat….,thearguerprovides noclearevidence that…..The merefact that….hardlysufficestoprove …….,atleastnotwithoutmoreinformationabout….（让步，列举可能性二）Evenif…..,perhaps additionalmeasures—suchas…..—wouldalsoberequiredinordertoachieve….objectives.(列举可能附加的条件)五．基于可能不具代表性的统计数据Oneproblemwiththeargumentinvolvesthesited statistics about….Itis unreasonable to drawanyconclusions about….basedonstatisticsabout….（指出数据不可依赖）Thearguerfailstomakeclearthe exactnumber of….Ifonly smallportions ofthewholepopulationare…..thenthecasemightbethat…（数据太小）Evenifthe samplesize chosenfrom….islargeenough,thestatisticsmightalsobe incredible. Dependingonthetotalnumberof…..,itis entirelypossible that…..arenotrepresentativeof….Forexample,perhaps…..areparticularly….Without consideringandrulingout theseandotheralternativemeansof….,thearguer cannotconfidently concludet hat…（数据没有代表性）六．基于不准确的调查或民意测验结果。
写作的GRE词汇整理
写作的GRE词汇整理GRE词汇是GRE考试的基础，只有你在保证基础的情况下，才会取得好成绩，下面就给大家具体介绍常用于写作的GRE词汇。
常用于写作的GRE词汇表整理如下，参加GRE考试的同学，可以来看看。
琐碎的，不重要的，微不足道的--trivial frivolous superficial trifling worthless轻视，贬抑--disdain despise reject scorn contempt derogate disparage depreciate嘲笑，嘲讽--deride mock ridicule scorn sneer quip flout hack jape persiflage taunt容易冲动的--impetuous hasty headlong rash brash passionate precipitate reckless理论家，空谈家--doctrinaire pedant theorist残忍的，野蛮的--ferocious bloodthirsty brutal cruel fierce vicious wild atrocious邪恶的，有害的，致命的--sinister diabolic corrupt forbidding pernicious virulent秘密的，偷偷的--cryptic furtive covert covered hidden hideaway shelter veiled避难所--asylum haven home institution refuge shelter harbor节约的--frugal prudent saving economical sparing thrifty abstemious stint浪费的，挥霍的--prodigal extravagant lavish spendthrift wasteful squander浪费时间，逗弄，嬉戏--dally dawdle delay lag linger loiter祝福，感谢--benediction bless bliss blessing欺骗，诈骗--deceive beguile dupe hoax mislead trick bamboozle cheat delude hoodwink逃避工作--malinger goldbrick relinquish揭密，泄漏--uncover disclose expose open reveal unmask掠夺，抢劫--loot predate rob pillage plunder sack spoil despoil burglarize angle诽谤，中伤--aspersion slander derogate calumniate libel discredit denigrate赞扬--extol compliment glorify laud praise commend acclaim eulogize eucomium颂词，表扬--laud eulogy ode hymn有一些参加GRE考试的同学，在考场上会出现提笔忘字的情况，原因其实还是对于某一些词汇不太熟悉，以上就是小编给大家整理一些常用于写作的GRE词汇表，供大家参考记忆。
GRE写作题库所有242道Argument题目的分析
constrain242 道Argument 题目的分析1.N ature’s Way 论断：在Plainsville开店会赚钱。
·赚钱的前提是收益高出成本，论断没有提供关于在此地开店的成本计算问题·那些参加健身活动的人不一定关心饮食健康，所以不必然地成为他们的顾客。
·就算他们关心饮食健康，那么当地相同商家没有被考虑进去，竞争以及品牌忠实度的问题·他们在关心健康的地区赢利的原因没有说，健康也许不是他们的卖点，而是其它的东西结论：论断仅凭一个似是而非的经验和该地的一些表面现象就匆忙做出结论，缺乏说服力。
在投资前，该机构应该做充分的市场调查，准确找出自己的优势，并分析当地投资环境、竞争对手、消费习惯等问题。
2.D eerhaven Acres homeowners 论断：统一外观就能提高地价·这是他人经验，尽管离得近，但是否适用于该地很可疑。
论断没有就两地间在交通、功用以及住户特点等问题比较异同。
做出结论显得匆促。
·他地区地价提高并不一定是因为统一了外观。
七年可发生很多变化，交通，商业区，社区内部设施提高了。
论断显得片面(undue/one-handed)。
·地价要提高得有更多人愿意住进来。
统一外观抹杀个性，会引人反感。
且不论统一的外观能不能得到所有人满意，这种做法本身有强制性。
论断危险。
结论：论断没有提供两地的异同，以及他地区统一外观后的七年里的变化就匆忙做出决定，必招致起住户的反对。
他们应该做更多的调查研究，最主要的是听取住户的意见，以保证最起码不会有人因此而搬出去。
w firms in the city of Megalopolis 论断：大公司向毕业生提供更多福利、激励并减少工作时间，就能吸引毕业生前来工作。
该论断的前提是与小公司相比，大公司虽然有高工资但不能提供高的工作满意度，从而失去了毕业生。
·论断的前提可疑。
ARGUMENT写作经典句型总结
ARGUMENT写作经典句型总结[必读]ARGUMENT写作经典句型总结以下都是我24号，也就是考前2天，花了4个小时，熬夜到2点半总结出来的～来源包括：猴哥写作满分教程，寒假新东方GRE班笔记，新东方发的蓝皮的GRE写作教程后面的PETERSON的范文～我把所有句型按照自己的理解分成了13种，由于时间很紧，难免有不合理的地方，望大家谅解～～：）我写ARGUMENT所用的所有句型都是从这个东西里挑出来的～其实我觉得最好还是自己总结比较好，印象比较深一些～因为用别人的句子其实是————每个人都按自己的理性的行为结果是集体的非理性～呵呵～容易出现拼写错误的词:Assumption, available, guarantee, account, possibility, moreover,承接Therefore/thus/hence/so/consequently/clearly/moreover/besides引导结论conclude/claim/assert/propose显示,表明show/imply/prove/indicate/illustrate/demonstrate建议recommend/suggest/advise 倡议 advocate预言,预计predict/project/forecast/expect首段开头句型:1) In this editorial/argument, the author argues that __.The author also claim that __.To support these claims the author points out that __. The author also points out that __.2) This editorial/memo recommends that __.To support this recommendation, the author points out that __.the author also points out that __ ,and that __.Finally, the manager cites that __.首段结尾句型:3) I find the editorial/argument logically unconvincing in several respects. /I find this argument specious on several grounds.4) However, the argument relies on a series of unsubstantiated assumptions, which render it unconvincing as it stands. /However, the argument/editorial relies on a number of doubtful assumptions and is therefore unconvincing.5) This argument depends on several unsubstantiated assumptions and is therefore unpersuasive as it stands.6) This argument is problematic /flawed in several critical respects.7) A careful analysis of the study reveals several problems with the editorial’s argument.8) The study suffers from certain statistical and other problems, which render the conclusion based upon it unpersuasive.9) As discussed below, the argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unpersuasive as it stands.10) However, careful scrutiny of the evidence reveals that it accomplishes little toward supporting the director’s claim, as discuss ed below.11) However, close scrutiny of the manager’s argument reveals several unproven assumptions, which render it unconvincing.12) The argument suffers from several logical flaws and is therefore unconvincing as it stands.13) As discussed below, the argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unpersuasive.调查,统计的准确性:14) Many ___ were actually excluded from the survey.15) The result of the survey lacks validity/credibility/reliability and therefore could not lend strong support to the arguer’s claim/propose.16) The result of the survey lacks validity/credibility because/as the sample is too limited.17) The survey does not provide complete information concerning the effect ___18) The number reported ___ does not necessarily reflect the number actually ___19) The statistics comparing __ might be distorted in one or more respects20) These statistics were based only on data from __.21) The cited statistics about __ might be unreliable in other respects as well.22) It is unfair to conclude from one survey suggesting that __23) Moreover, a single survey taken just prior to __ is sustainable.24) Although the number of __ is relatively high, the per __(capita) number might be relatively low.A与B之间的关系(主要是因果关系):25) A bears some relation to B./(Establish) a casual relationship between A and B26) No evidence was given to substantiate the claim that A contribute to B27) The fact that A does not necessarily follow that B28) The mere fact that A proves nothing about B.29) The inference rests on the assumption (A) that B is unconvincing.A与B 的进行比较(类比,类推)的问题:30) Are the two towns/companies comparable at every aspect?31) The comparison between A and B is incomplete, hence/consequently we can hardly evaluate that ___32) The argument is unconvincing because it is based on a false analogy.33) Without showing that all other conditions in the two areas have been essentially the same, the author cannot convince me that __作者忽视其他原因的问题:34) The arguer ignores other possible factors that may also leads/contribute to_. Perhaps _ Or perhaps __ More over, perhaps __35) There is a good chance that ___/It is entirely/highly possible that___36) The arguer fails to take into account / rule out the possibilitythat ___, thus/hence/therefore we can not evaluate the overall effect of ___37) The author overlooks the possibility that (only a small portion of )__38) The author also ignores the possibility that __作者偷换概念,错误等同的问题:39) The arguer does not differentiate between ___ and ___作者提供信息不完全,或所给论据不支持论点的问题:40) The arguer does not provide/offer any information concerning the ___./No information concerning ___ is provided.41) However, this evidence provides little credible support for the argument’s/editorial’s conclusion/assertion.42) The evidence involving __ does not adequately show that __43) A reduction/increase in the A rate does not necessarily indicate a reduction/increase in overall A rate.44) For the majority of __ it is probably more important to __.Thus, I cannot accept the author’s sweeping recommendation for all __作者假设前提谬误问题:45) The assumption that ___ is unfounded/unwarranted/suspicious/unreliable/unconvincing/groundless/suspect able.46) No evidence could indicate that ___47) The author unfairly/fallaciously/falsely assumes that ___48) The number of ___(physicians) does not necessarily indicate the quality of ___(health care)/leads to the result that___.49) Credibility of the evidence and feasibility of the conclusion is open to doubt50) The author’s assumption that __ is unsupported.作让步假设,推出谬误类句型:51) Granted that A /even is A is true, there is no guarantee that/it does not necessarily follow that ___. /Even though, it is true that __52) Eve n if A was responsible for B, the editorial’s claim that __ is unwarranted.53) Even assuming __, the author unfairly infers that __其他论述段结尾句:54) In short, without ruling out other possible explanations for the difference between __/(scenarios), the author cannot safely/reasonably conclude that/(reasonably rely on these statistics to support the claim that) __55) In short, without evidence that all other conditions that might affect __, the author’s claim that __ is dubious at best.总结,结论用语:56) In the absence of/Lacking data concerning that total amount of ___, the credibility of the result of the survey is skeptical /unfounded/groundless/open to doubt.57) Unless the arguer can provide substantial/valid/solid/concrete evidence concerning ___, the conclusion can not be properly/safely drawn,58) In sum, the author’s evidence accomplishes little toward supporting the author’s argument for __59) To evaluate the conclusion more efficiently/to make the conclusion more convincing/to justify this claim, the author must provide supporting evidence.60) In short, without evidence that all other conditions that might affect ___, the author’s claim that ___ is dubious at best.61) In sum, the editorial relies on a series of dubious assumptions, which render it wholly unpersuasive.62) To strengthen it(the argument) the author must show that __, and that __63) To (further) bolster the editorial’s claims the author must provide cle ar evidence that reason A , and not some other phenomenon, was in fact responsible for (a increase/decline in __)其他有用句型:64) Yet common sense informs me that ___65) The base amount of donations/the increase is not available.66) A is a good indication of B67) To support these claims the author points out that ___68) 1. The major/main flaw/problem with the argument is that ___. 2. Another flaw that weakens the logic of the argument is that ___. 3.Before I come to my conclusion, it is necessary to point out that ___69) 1. To begin with, the author has failed to convince me that __2. Moreover3. Even if4. Even assuming __。
新GRE-ARGUMENT 题库翻译
1.Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleanscould have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea 的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea 居所独有的。
然而最近，考古学家在一个与Palea 隔着一条叫做Brim 河的村庄Lithos 发现了一个这样的Palea 篮子。
Brim 河很深很宽，所以古代Palea 人只能坐船穿过它，但没有证据表明Palea 人拥有船只。
这表明那种所谓的Palea 篮子并不是那里所独有的。
2.The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal."A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individual's levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do theiryounger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring."最近一项对恒河猴的调查揭示了出生顺序对于个体刺激水平的影响。
gre考试中常出现的动词词汇大汇总
gre考试中常出现的动词词汇大汇总abase :: lower: humiliateabash :: embarrassabdicate :: renounce: give upabhor :: detestabjure :: renounce upon oathabominate :: loathe: hateabrade :: wear away by friction: erodeabrogate :: abolishabscond :: depart secretly and hideabsolve :: pardon an offenseabut :: border upon; adjoinaccede :: agreeaccelerate :: move fasteracclimate :: adjust to climateaccost :: approach and speak first to a personaccoutre :: equipaccrue :: come about by additionacknowledge :: recognize: admitactuate :: motivateadapt :: alter: modifyadduce :: present as evidenceadhere :: stick fast toadjure :: request solemnlyadmonish :: warn: reproveadulterate :: make impure by mixing with baser substances advert :: refer toadvocate :: urge: plead foraggrandize :: increase or intensifyagitate :: stir up: disturbalienate :: make hostile: separateallay :: calm: pacifyallege :: state without proofalleviate :: relieveallocate :: assignallude :: refer indirectlyamalgamate :: combine; unite in one bodyamass :: collectamble :: move at an easy paceameliorate :: improveamplify :: enlargeamputate :: cut off part of body; pruneanneal :: reduce brittleness and improve toughness by heating and coolingannihilate :: destroyannotate :: comment; make explanatory notesannul :: make voidappease :: pacify; sootheappend :: attachappraise :: estimate value ofapprehend :: arrest a criminal; dread; perceiveapprise :: informarraign :: charge in court; indictarrogate :: claim without reasonable groundsascertain :: find out for certainascribe :: refer; attribute; assignassail :: assaultassay :: analyze; evaluateasseverate :: make a positive statement or solemndeclarationassimilate :: absorb; cause to become homogeneous assuage :: ease; lessen painattenuate :: make thin; weakenattest :: testify; bear witnessaugment :: increaseauthenticate :: prove genuineaver :: state confidentlyavouch :: affirm; proclaimavow :: declare openlybabble :: chatter idlybadger :: pester; annoybaffle :: frustrate; perplexbalk :: foilbate :: let down; restrainbatten :: grow fat; thrive upon othersbedizen :: dress with vulgar finerybedraggle :: wet thoroughlybeguile :: delude; cheat; amusebehoove :: suited to; incumbent uponbelabor :: beat soundly; assail verballybeleaguer :: besiegebelittle :: disparage; depreciateberate :: scold stronglybesmirch :: soil; defilebestow :: conferbetroth :: become engaged to marryblanch :: bleach; whitenblazon :: decorate with an heraldic coat of armsbode :: foreshadow; portendbolster :: support; prop upbowdlerize :: expurgatebroach :: open upbungle :: spoil by clumsy behaviorburgeon :: grow forth; send out buds burlesque :: give an imitation that ridicules burnish :: make shiny by rubbing; polishcajole :: coax; wheedlecalumniate :: slandercanvass :: determine votes, etc.caparison :: put showy ornamentation on a horse capitulate :: surrendercastigate :: punishcauterize :: burn with hot iron or causticcavil :: make frivolous objectionscede :: transfer; yield title tocensure :: blame; criticizechafe :: warm by rubbing; make sore by rubbing champ :: chew noisilychastise :: punishchide :: scoldcircumscribe :: limit; confinecircumvent :: outwit; bafflecite :: quote; commendclamber :: climb by crawlingcleave :: split asundercoalesce :: combine; fusecoerce :: force; represscogitate :: think overcohere :: stick togethercollaborate :: work togethercollate :: examine in order to verify authenticity; arrange in ordercommandeer :: to draft for military purpose; to take for public usecommiserate :: feel or express pity or sympathy forcomport :: bear one's self; behavecompromise :: adjust; endanger the interests or reputation of compute :: reckon; calculateconcatenate :: link as in a chainconciliate :: pacify; win overconcoct :: prepare by combining; make up in concertcondescend :: bestow courtesies with a superior aircondole :: express sympathetic sorrowcondone :: overlook; forgiveconfiscate :: seize; commandeercongeal :: freeze; coagulateconsecrate :: dedicate; sanctifyconsort :: associate withconstrue :: explain; interpretcontaminate :: pollutecontemn :: regard with contempt; disregardcontravene :: contradict; infringe oncontrovert :: oppose with arguments; contradictconvene :: assembleconvoke :: call togethercorroborate :: confirmcoruscate :: glitter; scintillatecountermand :: cancel; revokecower :: shrink quivering, as from fearcozen :: cheat; hoodwink; swindlecull :: pick out; rejectcurry :: dress; treat leather; seek favorcurtail :: shorten; reducedally :: triffle with; procrastinatedaunt :: intimidatedawdle :: loiter; waste timedebase :: reduce to lower statedebauch :: corrupt; make intemperatedebilitate :: weaken; enfeebledecant :: pour off gentlydecimate :: kill, usually one out of tendecry :: disparagedefalcate :: misuse money held in trustdefile :: pollute; profanedeflect :: turn asidedeign :: condescenddelete :: erase; strike outdelude :: deceivedemean :: degrade; humiliatedemur :: delay; objectdenigrate :: blackendepict :: portraydepilate :: remove hairdeplete :: reduce; exhaustdeploy :: bring (forces, arguments, etc.) into effective action deprecate :: disapprove regretfullydepreciate :: lessen in valuederide :: scoff atdescant :: discuss fullydescry :: catch sight ofdesecrate :: profane; violate the sanctity ofdesiccate :: dry updespise :: scorndespoil :: plunderdeviate :: turn away fromdevolve :: deputize; pass to othersdilate :: expanddisabuse :: correct a false impression; undeceivedisclaim :: disown; renounce claim todiscomfit :: put to rout; defeat; disconcertdisconcert :: confuse; upset; embarrassdisdain :: treat with scorn or contemptdisgruntle :: make discontenteddismember :: cut into small partsdisparage :: belittledisport :: amusedissemble :: disguise; pretenddisseminate :: scatter like seedsdissimulate :: pretend; conceal by feigningdissipate :: squanderdissuade :: advise againstdistend :: expand; swell outdiverge :: vary; go in different directions from the same point divest :: strip; deprivedivulge :: revealdoff :: take offedify :: instruct; correct morallyeduce :: draw forth; elicitefface :: rub outeffervesce :: bubble over; show excitementelicit :: draw out by discussionelucidate :: explain; enlightenemanate :: issue forthemancipate :: set freeembellish :: adornemblazon :: deck in brilliant colorsembroil :: throw into confusion; involve in strife; entangle emend :: correct; correct by a criticemulate :: rival; imitateencompass :: surroundencumber :: burdenendue :: provide with some quality; endowenergize :: invigorate; make forceful and active enervate :: weakenengender :: cause; produceengross :: occupy fullyenhance :: advance; improveenjoin :: command; order; forbidenrapture :: please intenselyensconce :: settle comfortablyensue :: followenthrall :: capture; enslaveenviron :: enclose; surroundequivocate :: lie; mislead; attempt to conceal the truth erode :: eat awayeschew :: avoidevince :: show clearlyeviscerate :: disembowel; remove entrailsevoke :: call forthexacerbate :: worsen; embitterexasperate :: vexexcoriate :: flay; abradeexculpate :: clear from blameexecrate :: curse; express abhorrence forexhort :: urgeexhume :: dig out of the ground; remove from a grave exonerate :: acquit; exculpateexorcise :: drive out evil spiritsexpatiate :: talk at lengthexpiate :: make amends for a sinexpunge :: cancel; removeexpurgate :: clean; remove offensive parts of a book extenuate :: weaken mitigateextirpate :: root upextol :: praise; glorifyextort :: wring from; get money by threats, etc. extricate :: free; disentangleextrude :: force or push outexude :: discharge; give forthfabricate :: build; liefacilitate :: make less difficultfeign :: pretendferret :: drive or hunt out of hidingfester :: generate pusfete :: honor at a festivalfetter :: shacklefilch :: stealflagellate :: flog; whipflail :: thresh grain by hand; strike or slapflaunt :: display ostentatiouslyflay :: strip off skin; plunderfleck :: spotflinch :: hesitate; shrinkflout :: reject; mockfluster :: confusefoist :: insert improperly; palm offfoment :: stir up; instigatefoster :: rear; encouragefritter :: wastefructify :: bear fruitfrustrate :: thwart; defeatfulminate :: thunder; explodegainsay :: denygalvanize :: stimulate by shock; stir upgambol :: skip; leap playfullygape :: open widelygarner :: gather; store upgarnish :: decorategenuflect :: bend the knee as in worshipgerminate :: cause to sprout; sproutgerrymander :: change voting district lines in order to favor a political partygestate :: evolve, as in prenatal growthgibber :: speak foolishlygibe :: mockglaze :: cover with a thin and shiny surfaceglean :: gather leavingsgloat :: express evil satisfaction; view malevolentlyglut :: overstock; fill to excessgoad :: urge ongorge :: stuff oneselfgouge :: tear outgrovel :: crawl or creep on ground; remain prostrate harrow :: break up ground after plowing; torture harry :: raidhew :: cut to pieces with ax or swordhibernate :: sleep throughout the winterhoodwink :: deceive; deludehypothecate :: mortgage; pledge as securityimbibe :: drink inimbrue :: drench, stain, especially with bloodimbue :: saturate; fillimmolate :: offer as a sacrificeimmure :: imprison; shut up in confinementimpair :: worsen; diminish in valueimpale :: pierceimpeach :: charge with crime in office; indict implement :: supply what is needed; furnish with tools imply :: suggest a meaning not expressed; signify importune :: beg earnestlyimprecate :: curse; pray that evil will befall improvise :: compose on the spur of the moment impugn :: doubt; challenge; gainsayimpute :: attribute; ascribeincapacitate :: disableincarcerate :: imprisonincarnadine :: stain crimson or blood-colorincite :: arouse to actionincriminate :: accuseincubate :: hatch; schemeinculcate :: teachindemnify :: make secure against loss; compensate for loss indenture :: bind as servant or apprentice to master indict :: chargeindite :: write; composeinfer :: deduce; concludeinfringe :: violate; encroachingratiate :: become popular withinhibit :: prohibit; restraininsinuate :: hint; implyinstigate :: urge; start; provokeintegrate :: make whole; combine; make into one unit inter :: buryinterdict :: prohibit; forbidintimate :: hintintrude :: trespass; enter as an uninvited person inundate :: overflow; floodinvalidate :: weaken; destroyinveigh :: denounce; utter censure or invectiveinveigle :: lead astray; wheedleiterate :: utter a second time; repeatjettison :: throw overboardlacerate :: mangle; tearlampoon :: ridiculelanguish :: lose animation; lose strengthlave :: washlimn :: portray; describe vividlyliquidate :: settle accounts; clear uploathe :: detestlope :: gallop slowlymacerate :: waste awaymaim :: mutilate; injuremalign :: speak evil of; defamemanipulate :: operate with the handsmanumit :: emancipate; free from bondagemasticate :: chewmaunder :: talk incoherently; utter drivelmeander :: to wind or turn in its coursemediate :: settle a dispute through the services of an outsider memorialize :: commemoratemesmerize :: hypnotizemete :: measure; distributemilitate :: work againstmitigate :: appeasemollify :: soothemolt :: shed or cast off hair or feathersmortify :: humiliate; punish the fleshmuddle :: confuse; mix upmulct :: defraud a person of somethingmuse :: pondermutilate :: maimnauseate :: cause to become sick; fill with disgustnettle :: annoy; vexnonplus :: bring to a halt by confusionnurture :: bring up; feed; educateobfuscate :: confuse; muddleobjurgate :: scold; rebuke severelyobliterate :: destroy completelyobtrude :: push into prominenceobviate :: make unnecessary; get rid ofogle :: glance coquettishly at; make eyes atoscillate :: vibrate pendulumlike; waverossify :: change or harden into boneostracize :: exclude from public favor; banpalliate :: ease pain; make less guilty of offensivepalpitate :: throb; flutterpander :: cater to the low desires of othersparaphrase :: restate a passage in one's own words while retaining thought of authorparry :: ward off a blowpeculate :: steal; embezzlepermeate :: pass through; spreadperpetrate :: commit an offenseperturb :: disturb greatlypetrify :: turn to stonephilander :: make love lightly; flirtpillage :: plunderpillory :: punish by placing in a wooden frame and subjecting to ridiculepinion :: restrainplacate :: pacify; conciliatepommel :: beatportend :: foretell; presageprate :: speak foolishly; boast idlyprattle :: babbleprecipitate :: throw headlong; hastenpreclude :: make impossible; eliminatepreempt :: appropriate beforehandpreponderate :: be superior in power; outweighpresage :: foretellprevaricate :: lieprobe :: explore with toolsprocrastinate :: postpone; delayprofane :: violate; desecrateprognosticate :: predictpromulgate :: make known by official proclamation or publicationpropagate :: multiply; spreadpropitiate :: appeasepropound :: put forth for analysisprorogue :: dismiss parliament; end officiallyproscribe :: ostracize; banish; outlawproselytize :: convert to a religion or beliefprostrate :: stretch out full on groundprotract :: prolongprotrude :: stick outpulsate :: throbpurge :: clean by removing impurities; to clear of chargespurloin :: stealquaff :: drink with relishquail :: cower; lose heartquell :: put down; quietquibble :: equivocate; play on wordsramify :: divide into branches or subdivisionsrant :: rave; speak bombasticallyrationalize :: reason; justify an improper actravage :: plunder; despoilraze :: destroy completelyrecant :: repudiate; withdraw previous statementrecapitulate :: summarizereciprocate :: repay in kindreconcile :: make friendly after quarrel; correct inconsistenciesrectify :: correctrecuperate :: recoverreek :: emit odorrefurbish :: renovate; make bright by polishingregale :: entertainrehabilitate :: restore to proper conditionreimburse :: repayreiterate :: repeatrejuvenate :: make young againrelegate :: banish; consign to inferior positionrelinquish :: abandonrelish :: savor; enjoyremonstrate :: protestrend :: split; tear apartrender :: deliver; provide; representrenounce :: abandon; discontinue; disown; repudiaterenovate :: restore to good condition; renewreplenish :: fill up againreprimand :: reprove severelyreprove :: censure; rebukerepudiate :: disown; disavowrequite :: repay; revengerescind :: cancelresuscitate :: reviveretaliate :: repay in kind usually for bad treatmentretrieve :: recover; find and bring inreverberate :: echo; resoundrevile :: slander; vilifyruminate :: chew the cud; ponderrummage :: ransack; thoroughly searchrusticate :: banish to the country; dwell in the country salvage :: rescue from losssate :: satisfy to the full; cloysatiate :: surfeit; satisfy fullysaturate :: soaksaunter :: stroll slowlysavor :: have a distinctive flavor, smell, or quality scarify :: make slight incisions in; scratchscintillate :: sparkle; flashscuttle :: sinkseethe :: be disturbed; boilsequester :: retire from public life; segregate; seclude shackle :: chain; fettersheathe :: place into a caseshimmer :: glimmer intermittentlysimulate :: feignskimp :: provide scantily; live very economically skulk :: move furtively and secretlyslake :: quench; sateslither :: slip or slideslough :: cast offspawn :: lay eggssquander :: wastestanch :: check flow of bloodstigmatize :: brand; mark as wickedstultify :: cause to appear foolish or inconsistentstymie :: present an obstacle; stumpsubjugate :: conquer; bring under control sublimate :: refine; purifysubstantiate :: verify; supportsuffuse :: spread oversully :: tarnish; soilsunder :: separate; partsuperimpose :: place over something else supersede :: cause to be set aside; replace supplicate :: petition humbly; pray to grant a favor suppurate :: create pussurfeit :: cloy; overfeedsurmise :: guessswathe :: wrap around; bandageswelter :: be oppressed by heattantalize :: tease; torture with disappointment temporize :: avoid committing oneself; gain time tether :: tie with a ropethrottle :: stranglethwart :: baffle; frustratetipple :: drink alcoholic beverages frequently titillate :: tickletoady :: flatter for favorstraduce :: expose to slandertranscend :: exceed; surpasstranscribe :: copytransmute :: change; convert to something different transpire :: exhale; become known; happen traverse :: go through or acrosstrek :: travel; migratetruckle :: curry favor; act in an obsequious way truncate :: cut the top offundulate :: move with a wavelike motion unearth :: dig upupbraid :: scold; reproachvalidate :: confirm; ratifyveer :: change in directionvegetate :: live in a monotonous way venerate :: reverevent :: express; uttervie :: contend; competevilify :: slandervindicate :: clear of chargesvitiate :: spoil the effect of; make inoperative vouchsafe :: grant condescendingly; guarantee waive :: give up temporarily; yieldwane :: grow gradually smallerwelter :: wallowwheedle :: cajole; coax; deceive by flattery whet :: sharpen; stimulatewreak :: inflictwrest :: pull away; take by violence。
新GRE作文ARGUMENT官方题库+翻译
This page contains the Argument topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE®revised General Test. When you take the test, you will be presented with one Argument topic from this pool.Each Argument topic consists of a passage that presents an argument followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to analyze the argument. The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1)Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a"Palean"basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居所独有的。
GRE考试常用词汇总结
GRE考试常用词汇总结第1篇：GRE考试常用词汇总结词汇量的积累是同学们拿到高分的基础。
下面是小编为大家搜集的gre考试常用词汇总结，欢迎大家参考借鉴。
abstractn.摘要;a.抽象的abstrusea.难懂的，深奥的absurda.荒谬的，可笑的abundancen.充裕，多量abundanta.丰富的，盛产的abusev./n.辱骂;滥用abusivea.漫骂的;毁谤的;虐待的abutv.接界，毗连abysmala.极深的;糟透的academica.学院的，学术的;理论的academiciann.院士;学会会员accedev.同意acceleratev.加速;促进accentuatev.重读;强调accessn.通路;途径accessiblea.易达到的;易受影响的accessorya.附属的，次要的acclaimv.欢呼，称赞acclimatev.使服水土;使适应accoladen.推崇;赞扬acmodatev.与…一致;提供食宿acmodatinga.乐于助人的acpanyv.伴随，陪未完，继续阅读 >第2篇：gre考试常用词汇1、thefitfulbreezedidntmakeforgoodsailing.方向不定的威力强大的微弱无力的断断续续的2、thelakeshimmeredinthetropicalheat.上涨发热干涸闪光3、spoiledfrombirth,thetouchymonarchwasntlikedbythemasses.易怒的残暴的风流的挥霍的4、thecandlebegantowanebutthegirlcontinuedtoreadherbible.掉落燃烧减弱倾倒5、hisdarkvisagehadbeencarvedonhistomb.座右铭容貌遗言生平6、somesaytheuniverseischaotic,otherssaythatitiswell-ordered.混乱的地狱般的无意义的无望的7、fatalismwillgetyounowhere,soitisbettertotryandbeanoptimist.有神论宿命论无神论怀疑论8、hiswitlessremarksdisappointedallofus.无*据的无情的空洞的愚蠢的9、theairinthegardenwasrefreshingandaromatic.浓郁的清新的芳香的扑鼻的10、profes未完，继续阅读 >第3篇：gre常考的词汇汇总总结1、thehunterstriedtocleaveapaththroughthejungle.绕道筑路打通钻过2、theworkersintheconstructionsitewereswelteringintheheat.昏倒汗流浃背脱水呕吐3、hispoliticalcareerwasblightedbythescandal.毁灭展开结束影响4、heraffectedmannerismsmadeusallsick.无理取闹的轻佻的粗俗的造作的5、thebleakcountrysideattractedonlythehardiestofsettlers.辽阔的荒凉的壮观的淳朴的6、psychologistsstudytheplexitiesofthehumanpsyche.直觉脑神经生理精神7、hermaternallovehelpedhimthroughthatdifficulttime.姊妹的朋友的母亲的父亲的8、smallmischancesoftenruingreatplans.错误粗心漏洞不幸9、thechildrensfaceswereveryanimatedwhentheycamehomefromth ecircus.非常失望的闷闷不乐的惊魂未定的朝气蓬勃的10、he未完，继续阅读 >第4篇：GRE阅读考试常考词汇总结gre阅读考试高频核心词汇reservation(印第安人的)保留地sodium纳sovereign有*的statistics统计数据thoroughly彻底地tomographyx线断层摄影术advertise登广告auditory听觉的christianity基督教circulation循环circumstellar环绕行星的client客户mitment投入，献身，;承诺configuration结构consensus一致，共识constituent成分，构成物corona冕，光环correlate使…相互关联differentiation变异disagreement不一致disapprove反驳dominant占主导地位的emancipation解放envision设想equator赤道facilitate促进feminine女*的flipper鳍heighten加强hive蜂巢immunological免疫学的inequality不平等infrared红外线的inhibit抑制innovation创新interface界面ionic离子的irrelevant不相关的kidney肾magnitude数量级;程度;重要*modernist现代版，现代主义者monogamy一未完，继续阅读 >第5篇：GRE考试常考词汇解析1.carp/kɑrp/vi.挑剔;吹毛求疵;找茬儿adj.挑剔的源自拉丁语，作为名词，表示“鲤鱼”。
GRE作文词汇
GRE作文词汇GRE 作文不需要红宝书上的词，你没有必要用到那么高级的词汇，GRE 作文的话题是适合所有专业学生的，你只要用你熟悉的表达方式把你要说的表达清楚就行了，而不必要搞出太晦涩的东西来。
如果你的六级词汇掌握很好，那么，GRE 写作在词汇上绝对没有问题;如果你四级词汇应用自如，那么，同样，在对付GRE 作文方面，你已经没有词汇障碍。
个人认为，四级词汇足矣。
而GRE 作文之所以为GRE 作文，关键在于他强调逻辑，和你对于复杂句式的把握。
你要用你有限的词汇把你要表达的逻辑关系剖析清楚，这就OK 了!下面摘录了一些很常用的词汇，不记得从哪里摘的了，的确很有用，有助于给文章增色!1. 情态动词：could, should, would, might, may,will, can，2. 程度副词：肯定：certainlysurelynaturallyobviouslyunderstandablyunboubtedlyplainly=surely可能：probablypossiblypotentiallylikelypresumably perhaps3. 分析性词：in the caseIn this sense,...So is ...However, ...True, ...Following this trend, ... Ironically, ...No wonder that ... Given that, ... Granted that 姑且承认almostactuallyliterally=almost+actuallyas a matter of factadmittedlyEven if/thoughNo matter ...to some extentIn the last analysis, ...on balanceIn light of this, ...二、句式变化a. 使用不同的句子结构;b. 变换相邻句子的开头、结尾结构;三、复杂句式/长句1.倒装;2.设问;3.反问;4.一般疑问句;5.插入语;6.同位语(及同位语从句) ;7.定语从句;8.现在分词的各种用法;9.连接相邻的短句。
GRE写作必背单词和短语,写作哦!
写作必背单词和短语1.counterproductive adj.产生相反效果（结果）的e.g. It is counterproductive to be too tough: it just makes the staffresentful.e.g. Although the speaker overlooks certain circumstances in which undueskepticism might be counterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree that we should not passively accept whatever is passed off as fact;otherwise, human knowledge would never advance.2.seminal adj.萌芽的，潜在的；开创性的；有重大影响的e.g. in the seminal state （在萌芽状态）|| seminal thoughts || seminalprinciple（基本原则）e.g. a seminal book/poet || This experiment was to have a seminalinfluence on his own political development.3.forgo v.放弃e.g.The choice to forgo his security is always available, although it mightcarry unpleasant consequence.4.intuition n.直觉e.g.I will trust my strong intuition that free will is an essential part of ourbeing as humans.5.satisfy v.证明是正当的，公证的；为…寻找正当理由e.g. Such action can be satisfied on the grounds of greater efficiency.e.g. In the final analysis, government cannot philosophically satisfyassisting large cities for the purpose of either promoting or preserving the nation's cultural traditions; nor is government assistance necessary toward these ends.6.resort to …诉诸…e.g.there is no necessity to resort to violent actions such as demonstration,riot or rebel.7.hinge on … 以…为转移，靠…转动e.g. The claim that society’s destiny hinges on how children are socialized,while appealing in some respects, is an over-statement at best.8.at best 最多，充其量；以最乐观的观点来看9.collaborate to …e.g. For example, scientists, researchers, and even computer programmersmust collaborate to establish common goals, coordinate efforts, and meet time lines.10.lend some credence to … 提供支持e.g. While our everyday experience might lend credence to this assertion.e.g. Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics lend somecredence to this position, by suggesting that these determining physical forces include our own individual genetic makeup.11.dimension n.大小；体积；程度；范围e.g. a creature of huge dimensions. || I did not realize the dimensions ofthe problem.e.g. There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discussed. ||various dimensions of human experience.12.detractor n.损毁者；贬低者13.amount to … 相当于；等于e.g. What you say amounts to a direct accusation.e.g. Even where a fiction work amounts to pure fantasy, with no historicalcontext, it can still hold more lasting significance than a factual account.14.fruition n.享用, 结果实, 成就, 实现e.g. It is the famous few that provide vision of the future, visions whichgroups then bring to fruition.e.g. bring one's plans to fruition || After years of hard work, his hopes cameto fruition.reap v.收获；收割e.g.The consumer reaps rich rewards from this competitive spirit.15.inspire v.激励或鼓舞e.g. To begin with, learning about key historical figures inspires us toachieve great things ourselves --- far more so than learning about the conditions of groups of people.16.provide necessary impetus for … 给与…动力e.g. It is almost always a key individual who provide the necessaryimputes for what otherwise might be a group effort, as discussed below.17.favor v.赐予；给与e.g. He was favored with great intelligence. || adduce facts to favor one’scontention.18.paradigm n.样式；典范；范例e.g. educational paradigms19.obscure v.使阴暗；使朦胧e.g. Generally speaking, then, undue attention to the efforts andcontributions of various groups tends to obscure the cause and effect relationship with which the study of history is chiefly concerned.20.take steps to …采取措施…e.g.take step to help alleviate social problems21.serve useful purposes for …有益于…e.g. I agree insofar as some common core curriculum would serve usefulpurposes for any natione.g. immediate disclosure would have served no useful purpose andmight even have resulted in mass hysteria.22.nascent adj.初生的e.g.in a nascent condition/stage/state || a nascent industry/ literature/art23.reach a （fully informed）consensus as to …对于…达成共识24.unfettered adj.除去脚镣的；自由而不受约束的25.irrespective of whether … 无论如何e.g. While we must invest in research irrespective of whether theresults might be controversial.26.draw a di stinction between …区分…e.g.One useful approach is to draw a distinction between personalmorality and public morality.27.catalyst n.催化剂；刺激因素e.g. circumstance often serves as a catalyst for heroism.28.account for …解释原因e.g. This combination of very high density of population, goods andservices, and machines, all increasing with almost brutal speed, does account for some really antisocial tendencies in modern urban growth.29.proviso n.限制性条款；（附带）条件e.g. The carpenter agreed to do the work, with the proviso that he waspaid in advance.e.g. Aside from the two forgoing provisos, however, I fundamentallydisagree with the speaker’s claim.30.conversely adv.相反的e.g. hold converse opinions. || Without knowledge, we can hardly survivethrough abominable conditions, depending solely on the admiration of the beings derived from imagination.Conversely, without imagination, we can as well not possible to get through due to the impediment of knowledge and the depletion of spiritual asylums.31.core values upon which any ( democratic ) society depends tothrive. 一个社会赖以繁荣的价值核心32.be superior (in …) to … 比更好，更优秀e.g. this engine is superior in every respect to that. || whenever movingimages are central to an event the video camera is superior to a written word.33.proceeding n.行动, 进行,会议录, 学报e.g. legal proceeding || governmental proceedings34.thwart v.反对；妨碍；挫败e.g. the government’s strategies for thwarting specific plans of aninternational terrorist or a drug trafficker.35.public panic 公众恐慌36.unprecedented adj.空前的，史无前例的e.g.the society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented.37.inexorable adj. 不可阻挡的；坚持不懈的；无情的e.g.Facts are inexorable || the inexorable march of science38.Science is on the march. || the march of science/events/time39.make great effort 努力；make every effort 尽一切努力；overcome a myriad of political impediments克服政治障碍40.a myriad of 无数，数不清e.g.Each galaxy contains a myriad of stars.41.take precedence over …居先于…;优先于…e.g. This interest might take precedence over the historic value of an oldstructure that stands in the way of a parking structure.42.strike a balance among competing interest43.serve as a substitute for …取代…be superceded by 代替；取代e.g. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tendto be superceded by simpler, more immediate options.44.源自于：emerge from …（in every age and culture some worthwhile art and literature emerges from the mediocrity.）stem from …（prevailing attitudes about sexual morality stem from the ideas of key religious leaders）spring from…(this desire to identify oneself with an exclusive social group seems to spring from some innate psychological need to define one's self through one's personal associations.)45.坏影响；负面影响：detrimental effects of …（In politics, the detrimental effects of competition are blatant.）negative/adverse effects on/to …46.名人notable figurescelebrityelitepersonality（television personalities）47.普遍；普及prevailing adj.普遍的；流行的；占优势的（the prevailing view in Western corporate culture || prevailing principle）popular adj.prevalent adj.（The habit of traveling by aircraft is becoming more prevalent each year.）48.灌输；教育instill v.（Courtesy must be instilled in childhood || Morality may be instilled into their minds）inculcate v.（inculcate the young with a sense of duty.）impart v.（A good teacher imparts wisdom to his pupils.）foster v.养育, 抚育, 培养, 鼓励（Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. || detect and foster artistic talent. || to foster an interest in music）nurture v.养育, 给与营养物, 教养（While the speaker might overlook the benefits of nurturing certain emotions and feels, on balance I agree that …）49.充满；装满be laden with …（History is laden with unusual claims || be laden with responsibility）be replete with …（Modern politics is replete with examples of what most people would consider personal ethical fallings）be fraught with …(a complex issue that is fraught with the problems of defining ethics, morality, and successful leadership）50.癖性；偏好idiosyncratic adj.特性的；癖性的（Given a choice they will pursue their own idiosyncratic area of interest.）inclination n.（follow one's own inclination || I have no inclination to be a doctor.）51.若干重；若干刃a double-edged sword 双刃剑e.g. This type of advertisement can be a doubt-edged sword, when theproduct does not make the person “be like” the person in the advertisement, there can be disappointment and disillusionment with the product.a two-edged weapon 双重武器e.g. As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon whichcan be used equally for good or evil.twofold/threefold/manifold adj.双重/三重/多种e.g. We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen is thistwofold use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing power, continues.e.g. The City Council has a manifold plan to beautify the city.52.have little bearing on …与…无关e.g. Moreover, assisting large cities would have little bearing on ourdistinct cultural traditions, which abide elsewhere.with respect to… 关于e.g. Personal economic success might be due either to one's investmentstrategy or to one's work or career. With respect to the former, non-conformists with enough risk tolerance and patience invariably achieve more success than conformists. With respect to the latter, while non-conformists are more likely to succeed in newer industries where markets and technology are in constant flux, conformists are more likely to succeed in traditional service industries ensconced in systems and regulations.53.先天的，天生的innate adj.先天的, 天生的（Correct ideas are not innate in the mind, but come from social practice.）[O]acquired adj.后天习得的inborn adj.天生的（an inborn sense of the appropriate || inborn intelligence）54.利用；有益于conduce to 有助于e.g. encouraging students to question and criticize is conducing to thedevelopment of democratic spirits.be beneficial to …e.g. A national core curriculum would be beneficial to a nation in anumber of respects.harness v.利用e.g. The dilemma facing leaders in all areas of life is how to best assessthese individuals to determine how to best harness their capabilities to reach their ultimate productive capabilities.take advantag e of …make its contribution to …55.消除；减轻eliminate v. 排除，消除（eliminate the false and retain the true || eliminate the possibility of= preclude the possibility of）diminish v. 使减小，使变少（diminish one’s reputation || diminish the cost of production）undermine v.破坏，削弱（formal study of the present culture at the expanse of studying past cultures can undermine the function of higher education, and ultimately provide a disservice to students and to society.）56.恶化；加剧exacerbate v. 恶化, 增剧, 激怒, 使加剧, 使烦恼e.g. The problems would only be exacerbated were these decisions leftexclusively to federal regulators.e.g. a speech that exacerbated racial tensions || a heavy rainfall thatexacerbated the flood problems.aggravate v.57.过度；过分exorbitant adj.过度的；过高的（exorbitant rents || exorbitantly expensive || exorbitant amount of money）undue adj.过度的；过分的（apply undue pressure to make s.b. change his mind）overemphasize v.58.导致、造成pose 引起某事物，造成，提出e.g. Winter poses particular difficulties for the elderly.e.g. However, a common curriculum that is also an exclusive one wouldpose certain problems.render v.致使，造成e.g. Your action has rendered our contract invalid.e.g. This trend renders a society’s members more vulnerable todemagoguery.breed v.导致；造成e.g. The speaker unfairly suggests that large cities serve as the primarybreeding ground and sanctuaries for a nation’s cultural traditions.e.g. Dirt breeds disease. || Unemployment breeds social unrest. ( 社会不安定) .burgeon v.迅速发展；发芽（burgeoning cities || burgeoning Internet commerce）outgrowth n.长出, 派出, 结果, 副产物e.g. A third uniquely contemporary problem is an outgrowth of theinexorable advancement of scientific knowledge.e.g. Inflation is an outgrowth of war.59.探求、努力：seek to …探求，寻求e.g. One compelling argument in favor of a global university has to do withthe fact that its faculty and students would bring diverse cultural and educational perspectives to the problems they seek to solve.strive to …努力e.g. students should strive to excel in the specific requirements of theirmajor course of studyprobe v./n.探求，探查e.g. probe a matter to the bottom 寻根究底e.g. Does his/her cultural background allows him/her to freely probe theintricacy of the work?60.资助、赞助：subsidize v.资助, 津贴（Subsidizing cultural traditions is not a proper role of government.）patron n.资助人；赞助人（cultural patron）on the patronage of …e.g. culture has always depended primarily on the patronage of privateindividuals and businesses.under the auspices of …e.g. During this period, significant scientific advances occurred under theauspices of the government.61.增强、提高escalate v.增强,提高,升级（the escalating cost of addressing these problems）enhance/promote/augment/elevate v.(elevate notion about …）62.方法、途径：avenue n.大街, 方法, 途径, 路（an avenue to success）approach n.63.ostensible adj.表面上的e.g. His ostensible frankness covered a devious scheme.64.获得；达到acquire/gain/attain/achieve角度；方面angles/aspect/facet/side/respect短暂/长远transient, ephemeral/enduring, permanent危险；危害menace, jeopardize, imperil, endanger分配allocate/distribute/assign最后地；最终地eventually/ultimately。