2021年高考英语语法复习 数词和主谓一致考点总结及配套练习
2021年高考英语语法复习数词和主谓一致一、数词考点一基数词1.注意几个不规则的基数词的写法。
如:eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty 等。
2.英语中的数量以三位为一个单位,一般对应阿拉伯数字的写法每三位加一个逗号,分别是thousand,million和 billion。
如:ten thousand=10,000;one hundred million=100,000,000。
3.数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen,score 表示确切数目时不加-s,但若表示不确切数目时,要用复数形式,与of构成短语。
如:一万:ten thousand;成千上万的: tens of thousands of;两打鸡蛋:two dozen eggs;许多鸡蛋:dozens of eggs。
We got two hundred story-books.我们弄到了两百本故事书。
There are hundreds of people in the hall.大厅里有好几百人。
4.年代及年龄表达法表示“某人几十岁”时,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词复数”,而“十几岁”不可表示为tens,而要说成teens;表示“……世纪……年代”时,用“in the+逢十的年数后加s或’s”。
如: in his twenties 在他20多岁时in the 1990s∕1990’s 在20世纪90年代考点二序数词1.序数词前面一般加the,多数序数词由基数词加-th构成。
如:the fifteenth;以y结尾的基数词变化时,先把y改成i,再加-eth。
如:twentieth。
注意几个不规则的序数词的写法。
如:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth等。
2.序数词常可缩写,其形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如:1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,22nd,23rd,24th。
3.小数小数点用point表示,小数点后的数用个位基数词表示。
如:0.567—zero point five six seven。
4.分数分子用基数词,分母用序数词,如果分子大于1,分母需加-s。
如:1∕5—one fifth∕one-fifth;3∕4—three fourths∕three- fourths。
5.百分数百分号用percent (per cent)或 % 表示。
如:19.56 %—nineteen point five six percent。
二、主谓一致考点一谓语动词用单数的情况1.单数名词或代词、不可数名词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式或单个从句等作主语时。
Swimming is helpful in shaping your body.游泳有助于塑形。
To teach the three children is my job this afternoon.教这三个孩子是我今天下午的工作。
Whatever was left was taken away.任何剩下的东西都被拿走了。
what引导的名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;若表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。
2.由and连接的并列成分如果指同一概念作主语时,谓语动词用单数,此时,第二个名词前没有定冠词。
如果两个名词主语前面都有定冠词,则指两个不同的概念,谓语动词要用复数形式。
The singer and dancer is his friend.那个歌手兼舞蹈家是他的朋友。
The singer and the dancer are both from Shanghai.歌手和舞蹈家都来自上海。
3.由and连接的并列单数主语前有every,each,no,many a时。
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。
4.“More than one+单数名词”作主语,尽管从意义上是复数,但谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student was chosen to compete in the contest.不止一个学生被选中去参加竞赛。
5.each,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,a nything,no one,nobody,nothing等不定代词作主语时。
Everyone has his own interest.每个人都有自己的兴趣。
Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
6.“one∕each∕every one∕any one∕either∕each one∕the number+of+复数名词”作主语时。
Each of the students has a book.每个学生都有一本书。
7.“the+形容词”表示一类抽象的事物时。
The new is sure to replace the old.新事物总会取代旧事物。
考点二谓语动词用复数的情况1.由and,both...and连接的并列成分表示两个不同的概念作主语时。
What he says and what he does do not agree.他言行不一。
Both bread and butter are sold out.面包和黄油都卖完了。
2.people,police,cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语时。
People read for pleasure during their spare time.人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。
3.“the+形容词或分词”表示一类人或物时。
The old are living a happy life now.老年人现在过着幸福的生活。
4.“(large) quantities∕amounts of+名词”作主语时。
In the past,quantities of waste water were sent into this river.在过去,大量的废水被排放到这条河中。
5.clothes,trousers,shorts,jeans,glasses,scissors,compasses等只有复数形式的名词作主语时。
My trousers have been washed already.我的裤子已经洗了。
若这类名词前有pair of等修饰时,其谓语动词的单复数取决于pair等的单复数形式。
考点三其他情况1.集体名词class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,public,go vernment,majority,group等作主语,强调整体时用单数,强调个体成员时用复数。
The population in China is very large and about 50% of the population live in rural areas.中国人口很多,其中约50%的人住在农村。
The whole family are discussing how to spend this weekend.全家人在讨论如何度过这个周末。
2.单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语形式要根据其具体含义而定,这类词有:means,deer,fish,sheep等。
Every means has been tried to solve the problem,but none is effective.为解决这个问题,每种方法都试过了,但没有一个有效。
There are various means of communicating with a stranger.同陌生人交流有很多方法。
3.当主语后面有as well as,along with,with,together with,no less than,except,but,rather than 等词(组)时,谓语动词与这些词(组)前的主语保持一致。
The teacher together with all the students is planting trees on the mountain.老师和学生们都在山上植树。
4.“kind,sort,type+of+名词”作主语,以kind,sort,type本身的单复数而定。
The kind of paper is made from straw.这种纸是由稻草制成的。
Some kinds of animals are dying out.一些种类的动物要灭绝了。
5.all,some,any,most等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的内容而定。
All is going on very well.一切进展顺利。
(指事用单数)All are present besides the professor.包括教授在内大家都在。
(指人用复数)6.half,part,the rest作主语时,谓语动词根据其所指意义决定单复数。
The rest of the story was dull and all the students were bored.故事的其余部分很枯燥,学生们都厌烦了。
“The (only) one of+复数名词+定语从句”中定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
He is the (only) one of the students who has passed the exam.他是学生们中唯一一个通过考试的。
“one of+复数名词+定语从句”中定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
He is one of the students who have passed the exam.他是通过了考试的学生之一。
7.or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,not...but...等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 你或者你的一名学生要出席定于明天的会议。
2021届高考英语一轮复习-高中英语语法专题之主谓一致(共40张ppt)
( a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and
some apples on the table.
•Not only you but also he __i_s_ wrong. (is/are) •Neither you nor he _i_s _ right. (is/are)
•There _a_r_e two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)
A and B A , B and C
4:指代一致
1family, class, group, team 作主语时，指 整体谓语用单数，指成员个体谓语用复数
a. My family has moved into the new house.
My family are all sports lovers. b. Our class is having a meeting. Our class were all present at the
问题： When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. was not decided B. are not decided
✓C. has not been decided D. have not decided
这个句子看上去是and连接的两个并列短语充当主 语，本应用复数形式的谓语，但这两个短语表达 的是同一事件的两个方面，可以看成是一个整体 ，因此使用单数的谓语动词；而从句意可判断此 句谓语动词需使用被动语态，
高考英语语法总复习：主谓一致(附练习及答案)
一、专题引入（4 mins）在正式上课之前，我们先来句子纠错，看看你是否细心，是否还记得我们之前学过的知识。
1. Both boys has their own hobbies.2. The class is busy writing English passages.3. Neither you nor I are wrong.每个句子都有一个错误，错误点在于句子谓语动词的使用上，你能找出来吗？(校对答案：1. has- have 2. is – are 3. are – am 并请同学说明原因，考查这位同学是否掌握到位) 二、专题知识梳理（20 mins）知识点1：主谓一致三大考点知识点2：语法一致主语单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即主语是单数，谓语用单数，主语是复数，谓语用复数。
例句：Tow students are waiting for you in your office. 两名学生在办公室等你。
Both girl are interested in listening to music. 两个女孩都对听音乐感兴趣。
1-5 A A B D D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致，意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容，需要熟记并运用。
五、学法提炼（2 mins）1、专题特点：主谓一致专题的知识点理解较易，但难点在于熟记表格中的每种情况，并能够熟练运用到做题当中去。
2、解题方法：分类熟记知识点表格。
3、分析事项：在考试中，主谓一致中的三个考点是混合出现的，同学必须熟练掌握三个考点各自的内容，以及熟记。
建议课后对知识点条目进行背诵。
一、专题引入（1 mins）上面我们复习了非谓语动词中语法一致的内容，接下来我们继续复习意义一致和就近原则的知识。
二、专题知识梳理（15 mins）知识点1：意义一致情况例句1. 有些集体名词既可以表示单数，又可以表示复数，这类集体名词作主语时，如果它们所表示的人或物是作为一个整体来理解，谓语动词用单数形式；如果作为若干个体来理解，则谓语动词用复数形式这些词有：family, class, crowd, team, group等【注意】people，police等名词一般做复数用1. Class 4 is on the third floor.2. Class 4 are studying in the classroom.3. The police are looking for the lost child.2. 主语是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式，谓语动词一般ongoing单数形式1. Gone with the wind is an interesting book.3. 表示“时间，重量，长度，价格”等的名词的复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式1. Thirty minutes is enough for the work.4. 一些学科名词以-ics 结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics等，都属于形式上是复数名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式1. Some teachers says that physics is difficult for students to study.5. “the+形容词”表类别、一类人或物，当它表示一类人 1. The rich are not always happy.1-5 A C D B D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致，意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容，需要熟记并运用。
2021年新课标新高考英语复习练习讲义：专题十四 主谓一致
专题十四主谓一致【考点集训】一、单句填空1.All the preparations for the task(complete),and we are ready to start.答案have been completed2.A survey of the opinions of experts (show)already that three hours of outdoor exercise a week(be)good for ones health.答案has shown;is3.Students in Yucai Middle School each (be)going to do voluntary work during the coming summer holiday.答案are4.One third of the country(cover)with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people.答案is covered5.Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who (wear)evening dress.答案wears6.Listening to loud music at rock concerts(cause)hearing loss in some teenagers so far.答案has caused7.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities(rise) steadily since1990.答案has been rising/has rised8.The teacher together with the students(discuss)Reading Skills that(be)newly published in America.答案is discussing;was9.Either you or one of your students(be)to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.答案is10.Every possible means(use)to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.答案has been used二、写作微练(一)翻译或完成下面的句子,注意主谓一致的运用。
高考英语专题冲刺专题22单项填空之数词和主谓一致含解析20210413177
2021年高考英语专题冲刺专题22单项填空之数词和主谓一致含解析202104131771.The number of people who _____ exposed to second-hand smoking in public places_____ up to 740 million in China．A．is; is B．are; are C．are; is D．is;are【答案】C【题型】单项选择【难度】一样2.More than one the people heart and soul.A. official has servedB. officials have servedC. official has served forD. officials have served for【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。
more than one 后的动词用第三人称单数，排除B和D，serve 意为“为……服务”，可直截了当用作及物动词，serve people 为人民服务句意：许多人都在全心全意为人民服务。
选A。
【题型】单项选择【难度】一样3.—How long would you like me to heat the oil?—Heat it till it ________ to smoke.A. would startB. startsC. will startD. start【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句中的时态和主谓一致。
时刻状语从句中用一样现在时表示今后，it 为单数，would表过去今后，故只能选B。
【题型】单项选择【难度】一样4. Every means _________, but none proved __________.A. have tried; a successB. have been tried; successfulC. has tried; to be successfulD. has been tried; successful【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致；语态。
高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致(含练习题及答案)
高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致名师箴言：主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。
名师导航：第一关： 1. 语法一致原则的阐述语法一致原则 2. 语法一致原则的用法语法一致原则的阐述：主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就改用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。
语法一致原则的用法：1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般采用单数形式。
名词做主语：The student is clever.这个学生很聪明。
代词做主语：He is doing the experiment.他正在做实验。
动词不定式做主语：To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。
动名词做主语：Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他加入我们看起来确实困难。
主语从句做主语：Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下什么都被拿走了。
Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天去不去郊游取决于天气。
警示灯：一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What they need are books.他们需要的是书。
2.当主语是and, both…and 连接的并列结构时，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，谓语动词用复数。
Tom and Jack were close friends.汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。
Both rice and wheat are grown by farmers in China.中国的农民既种植大米也种植小麦。
高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致(含练习题及答案)
高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致名师箴言：主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。
名师导航：第一关： 1. 语法一致原则的阐述语法一致原则 2. 语法一致原则的用法语法一致原则的阐述：主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就改用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。
语法一致原则的用法：1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般采用单数形式。
名词做主语：The student is clever.这个学生很聪明。
代词做主语：He is doing the experiment.他正在做实验。
动词不定式做主语：To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。
动名词做主语：Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他加入我们看起来确实困难。
主语从句做主语：Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下什么都被拿走了。
Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天去不去郊游取决于天气。
警示灯：一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What they need are books.他们需要的是书。
2.当主语是and, both…and 连接的并列结构时，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，谓语动词用复数。
Tom and Jack were close friends.汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。
Both rice and wheat are grown by farmers in China.中国的农民既种植大米也种植小麦。
专题14-主谓一致-备战2021年高考高中语法专项练习(解析版)
14 主谓一致（一轮复习）1. A number of my classmates_______ playing games at present, but I have no idea what the precise number_______.A．is; isB．are; areC．is; areD．are; is【答案】： D解析： a number of一些，许多；the number of……的数目。
句意：许多同学正在玩游戏，但是我不知道确切的数目是多少。
结合语境可知前文主语为复数形式，故系动词用复数。
下文主语number表示抽象含义，故谓语动词用单数，选D。
2. Only ten students attended the class because all the rest off ill.A．isB．areC．wasD．were【答案】： D【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。
句意:只有十个学生来上课,因为其他学生都因病休假。
the rest表示不定数量的名词作主语时,如果所指为复数意义,谓语动词要用复数形式;又因叙述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。
故选D。
3. More than one doctor _____ involved in the rescue which took place after the earthquake．A．wasB．isC．wereD．are【答案】： A【解析】more than one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
句意：不止一个医生参加震后救援。
4. During the quality time at night, the father enjoys watching TV, while the mother together with her three children fond of listening to popular songs.A．isB．areC．wasD．were【答案】： A【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。
专题19-主谓一致-备战2021年高考高中语法专项练习(解析版)
19 主谓一致（一轮复习）1. The computer,as well as telephone,_______a so vital role in our daily life.A.is playingB.have playedC.are playingD.play【答案】：A as well as连接并列主语时，谓语的形式应同as well as之前的主语保持一致，所以该句谓语应同The computer一致，用单数形式。
2. Most of his savings________in the Bank of China.A.has been keptB.is being keptC.have keptD.have been kept【答案】：D该句主语为most，指的是复数名词savings，所以谓语应用复数形式，并且saving和keep之间为被动关系，所以答案为D项。
3. ________twenty dollars a big sum to her?I suppose so.A.Will beB.IsC.AreD.Were【答案】：B表示时间、距离、金钱等的名词或名词短语作主语时，应看作整体，谓语用单数形式。
4. ________was wrong.A.Not the teacher but the studentsB.Both the students and the teacherC.Neither the teacher not the studentsD.Not the students but the teacher【答案】：D not...but.../neither...nor...连接两个并列主语时，谓语应同靠近的主语保持一致，both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语应用复数。
根据空后的was判断，D项正确。
5. Three hours________enough for us to finish the task.A.areB.hasC.isD.were【答案】：C 三个小时对于我们来说足够去完成这项任务了。
2021-2022年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-主谓一致
2021年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-主谓一致1. Onethird of the country ______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people. (xx·湖南卷26)A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is 【解析】选A。
分数及百分比后接名词的谓语动词由名词的单复数来决定。
名词为单数谓语动词就用单数；名词为复数，谓语动词则用复数。
a/the majority of(大多数)后接复数谓语动词用复数。
2. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ______ saved for other purposes. (xx·安徽卷27)A. isB. areC. wasD. were【解析】选D。
the rest of ＋n.后的谓语动词单复数由名词单复数而定。
此句中which指代raw materials(原材料)。
根据前后句的时态一致性可知要用一般过去时。
进行含义。
考点1.代词作主语Nothing but stamps and envelopes ______ for sale.A. areB. isC. are leftD. remain【解析】选B。
nothing作主语表单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
but后的名词不影响谓语动词的单复数。
主谓一致的原则：形式一致；内容一致；就近一致。
1. 由each, either, neither, one, the other, another, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing等指代单数名词的不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2021届高考英语二轮专题复习之语法十一特殊句式与主谓一致.docx
2021高考英语二轮专题复习之语法（十一）特殊句式与主谓一致一、在空格处填入正确的词或所给单词的正确形式1.It was my confidence and determination led to my success.2.The new airport complex,consisting of a main terminal,a supporting service building and a parking lot, (cover) an area of about 1.4 million square meters.3.In front of our home (stand) a tree whose leaves turn red now.4.Not until he failed in the last examination he (realize) he should have spent more time on study.5.I don’t think the price of gas will go down this week, ?6.Generally speaking,when (operate) according to the instructions,the machine will be in good condition.7.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and (remain)around that level ever since.8.Hardly had the old man crossed the street a car raced by behind him.9.different the buildings today are from what they were 100 years ago!10.Only when your identity has been checked you (allow) to come in.11.Producing meat and dairy products (be)stressful for the environment.二、按要求完成句子1.Although he was invited to the party,he didn’t want to attend it.(改为省略句)→Although ,he didn’t want to attend it.2.The moment she arrived at the hospital,she was surrounded by many doctors.(改为含有no sooner...than结构的句子)→3.He picked up a lot of experience in the factory where his friend worked.(改为强调地点状语的句子)→4.He was unsatisfied with the payment,but he still took the job just to get some work experience.(改为含有as 的让步状语从句)→5.It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.(改为去掉强调句型结构的倒装句)→6.The scenery here is so beautiful that it attracts millions of tourists every year.(改为含有so...that结构的倒装句)→7.Suddenly a dog rushed out of the store I was stepping into.(改为完全倒装句)→8.If you stop smoking,your health will pick up.(改为祈使句)→三、语篇填空About 1.4 billion people around the world don’t get enough physical exercise.This number comes 1.the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise 2. (great) increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first 3.(estimate) physical activity trends around the world over time.The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in 4. (wealth) countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time 5. (sit) in offices.How much activity should we get?To stay healthy,the report 6. (suggest) that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的) physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more 7.(break) during the work day,and move around.If your workplace offers 8. gym,make sure to use it.It also urges government to provide and care for infrastructure,such as better and 9.(safe) roads.This would help support increased walking 10. cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation.四、短文改错Patience is of great importance in our daily life.Once I waited a bus to come at a stop.Thirty minutes past,but no bus came.Both upset and annoyed,I decided to walk on feet.But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.I thought if I had waited for one more minute,I would have caught it.If I chose to take a next bus,I would have to wait for other 30 minutes.Only then do I realize my problem.Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in.Now whenever I am close to lose my patience,I’ll think of this experience.答案：一、1.that 2.covers 3.stands 4.did;realize 5.will it6.operated7.has remained8.when9.How10.will;be allowed 11.is二、1.invited to the party2.No sooner had she arrived at the hospital than she was surrounded by many doctors.3.It was in the factory where his friend worked that he picked up a lot of experience.4.Unsatisfied as he was with the payment,he still took the job just to get some work experience.5.Not until I came here did I realize this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.6.So beautiful is the scenery here that it attracts millions of tourists every year.7.Out of the store I was stepping into suddenly rushed a dog.8.Stop smoking,and your health will pick up.三、【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了世界上大部分的人缺乏锻炼以及建议人们应该怎样坚持锻炼。