被动语态的翻译
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被动语态的翻译
被动语态广泛地出现在科技英语中，主要取 决于如下情况。 1)不必或无法说出主动者。 The book has already been translated into many languages. 该书已译成好几种语言。 For a long time aluminium has been thought as an effective material for preventing metal corrosion. 长期以来，铝被当作一种有效地防止金属腐 蚀的材料。
一、译为主动句
• The robot sifter has been put into use. • 自动筛机已投入使用。 • The seeds are sown on one side of panels, and the roots are sprayed with fertilizer solution. • 种子播撒在镶板的一个面上，根用肥料溶液进行喷洒。 • Defects in welds can be defected by nondestructive testing methods. • 无损检验法可探查焊缝内的缺陷。
• As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rocks structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides form falling in. If oil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.
三、译为无主句
动词前加“把”、“使”、“将”、“对” 等词。
If a 10-kilogram box is lifted one meter the work done is 10 kilogram-meter. 如果把已知10千克的箱子升高1米，则所做的功为 10克/千米。 When large motors are required or when power supply is limited, the wound-rotor motor is used. 当需要大功率电动机或电源受限制时，则使用线 绕式转子电动机。
2) 强调行为对象，而非行为者，将行为对象作 为句子的主语。 The work must be finished at once. 该项工作必须马上完成。 Three machines can be controlled by a single operation. 三台机器能由一个操作者操纵。
3)为了更好地连接上下文。 They are going to build a library here next year. It is going to be built beside the classroom building. 他们准备明年在这儿建一座图书馆，就 建在教学楼旁边。
四、译成判断句
来自百度文库
Currently most solar cells are made from crystals of high-purity silicon. 目前，绝大多数太阳能电池是用高纯度的 硅晶体制成的。
It is found that… 据发现 It is said that … 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is illustrated that… 据图示（据说明） It must be admitted that… 必须承认 It is must be pointed that… 必须指出 It is will be seen from this that… 由此可见 It was estimated that… 据估计 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is believed that … 人们相信 It is taken that… 人们认为 It is noted that… 人们注意到，有人指出 It is generally considered that… 人们普遍认为
二、译为被动句
• “被”、“受到”、“遭到”、“得到”、 “叫”、“称” 、“让”、“给”、“加 以”、“为……所” • This information will be encoded in a radio signal and beamed to the units buried in the road. • 这一信息被译成无线电信号，发射给埋在 道路下的电子装置。 • The leakage of steam should be paid attention to. • 蒸汽泄露的问题应予以重视。
• 石油埋藏于地层深处。因此，仅靠研究地层表面，无法确定 有无石油，必须勘探地下的岩层结构。如果确定某一区域的 岩石层藏有石油，就在该处安装钻机。它的主要部件是机架， 用以撑架一节一节的钢管，让其下到孔井。一边钻井，一边 下钢管，以防孔壁坍塌。一旦出油，就紧固管盖，让油从各 个阀门喷出。
• A long metal bar is fixed in a resort stand by one end. The other end is heated in a flame until it becomes red. The bar and the stand are then moved away from the heat. The temperature of the hot end of the bar is found to fall rapidly. • 一根长金属杆的一端被固定在铁架上，另 一端在火焰中加热到发红，然后从热源移 走金属杆和铁架，发现金属杆受热端的温 度迅速下降。
被动语态广泛地出现在科技英语中，主要取 决于如下情况。 1)不必或无法说出主动者。 The book has already been translated into many languages. 该书已译成好几种语言。 For a long time aluminium has been thought as an effective material for preventing metal corrosion. 长期以来，铝被当作一种有效地防止金属腐 蚀的材料。
一、译为主动句
• The robot sifter has been put into use. • 自动筛机已投入使用。 • The seeds are sown on one side of panels, and the roots are sprayed with fertilizer solution. • 种子播撒在镶板的一个面上，根用肥料溶液进行喷洒。 • Defects in welds can be defected by nondestructive testing methods. • 无损检验法可探查焊缝内的缺陷。
• As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rocks structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides form falling in. If oil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.
三、译为无主句
动词前加“把”、“使”、“将”、“对” 等词。
If a 10-kilogram box is lifted one meter the work done is 10 kilogram-meter. 如果把已知10千克的箱子升高1米，则所做的功为 10克/千米。 When large motors are required or when power supply is limited, the wound-rotor motor is used. 当需要大功率电动机或电源受限制时，则使用线 绕式转子电动机。
2) 强调行为对象，而非行为者，将行为对象作 为句子的主语。 The work must be finished at once. 该项工作必须马上完成。 Three machines can be controlled by a single operation. 三台机器能由一个操作者操纵。
3)为了更好地连接上下文。 They are going to build a library here next year. It is going to be built beside the classroom building. 他们准备明年在这儿建一座图书馆，就 建在教学楼旁边。
四、译成判断句
来自百度文库
Currently most solar cells are made from crystals of high-purity silicon. 目前，绝大多数太阳能电池是用高纯度的 硅晶体制成的。
It is found that… 据发现 It is said that … 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is illustrated that… 据图示（据说明） It must be admitted that… 必须承认 It is must be pointed that… 必须指出 It is will be seen from this that… 由此可见 It was estimated that… 据估计 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is believed that … 人们相信 It is taken that… 人们认为 It is noted that… 人们注意到，有人指出 It is generally considered that… 人们普遍认为
二、译为被动句
• “被”、“受到”、“遭到”、“得到”、 “叫”、“称” 、“让”、“给”、“加 以”、“为……所” • This information will be encoded in a radio signal and beamed to the units buried in the road. • 这一信息被译成无线电信号，发射给埋在 道路下的电子装置。 • The leakage of steam should be paid attention to. • 蒸汽泄露的问题应予以重视。
• 石油埋藏于地层深处。因此，仅靠研究地层表面，无法确定 有无石油，必须勘探地下的岩层结构。如果确定某一区域的 岩石层藏有石油，就在该处安装钻机。它的主要部件是机架， 用以撑架一节一节的钢管，让其下到孔井。一边钻井，一边 下钢管，以防孔壁坍塌。一旦出油，就紧固管盖，让油从各 个阀门喷出。
• A long metal bar is fixed in a resort stand by one end. The other end is heated in a flame until it becomes red. The bar and the stand are then moved away from the heat. The temperature of the hot end of the bar is found to fall rapidly. • 一根长金属杆的一端被固定在铁架上，另 一端在火焰中加热到发红，然后从热源移 走金属杆和铁架，发现金属杆受热端的温 度迅速下降。