2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析
青年人网考研频道：/stu/tuofu/
法律类
GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT
By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspect Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult for the Santana High School shootings. Even
before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. in the U.S. to launch his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories--this time playing for the other team. "I think people misunderstand being conservative for being biased," says Pfingst. "I consider myself a pragmatic guy, and I
have no interest in putting innocent people in jail."
Around the U.S., flabbergasted defense attorneys and their jailed clients cheered his move. Among prosecutors, however, there was an awkward pause. After all,
each DNA test costs as much as $5,000. Then there's the unspoken risk: if dozens of innocents turn up, the D.A. will have indicted his shop.
But nine months later, no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted. Only the rare case merits review. Pfingst's team considers convictions before 1993,
when the city started routine DNA testing. They discard cases if the defendant has been released. Of the 560 remaining files, they have re-examined 200, looking for cases with biological evidence and defendants who still claim innocence.
They have identified three so far. The most compelling involves a man serving 12 years for molesting a girl who was playing in his apartment. But others were there at the time. Police found a small drop of saliva on the victim's shirt--too small a sample to test in 1991. Today that spot could free a man. Test results are due any day. Inspired by San Diego, 10 other counties in the U.S. are starting DNA audits. 青年人网考研频道：/stu/tuofu/
By Amanda Ripley ez ncisco sijevic rtwell; Lisa McLaughlin; Joseph Pierro; Josh Tyrangiel and Sora Song
注 (1)本文选自Time; 03/19/2001, Vol. 157 Issue 11, p62, 1p, 2c, 3bw
注 (2)本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 1.
1.How did Pfingst carry out his own Innocence Project?
[A]By getting rid of his bias against the suspects.
[B]By revisiting the past victories.
[C]By using the newly developed DNA-testing tools.
[D]By his cooperation with his attorneys.
2.Which of the following can be an advantage of Innocence Project?
[A]To help correct the wrong judgments.
[B]To oust the unqualified prosecutors.
[C]To make the prosecutors in an awkward situation.
[D]To cheer up the defense attorneys and their jailed clients.
3.The expression “flabbergasted”(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means _______.
[A]excited
[B]competent
[C]embarrassed
[D]astounded
4.Why was Pfingst an unsentimental prosecutor?
[A]He intended to try a fifteen-year old suspect.
[B]He had no interest in putting the innocent in jail.
[C]He supported the controversial California law.
[D]He wanted to try suspect as young as fourteen.
5.Which of the following is not true according to the text?
[A]Pfingst‟s move didn‟t have a great coverage.
[B] Pfingst‟s move had both the positive and negative effect.
[C] Pfingst‟s move didn‟t work well.
[D]Pfingst‟s move greatly encouraged the jailed prisoners. 青年人网考研频道：/stu/tuofu/
篇章剖析
本文采用的是记叙文的模式。第一段指出芬斯特作为一位铁面无私的检查官的一些做法；第二段指出芬斯特实施 “清白计划”的打算及做法；第三段指出实施“清白计划”造成的反应以及可能存在的问题；第四段和第五段是实施“清白计划”的结果和影响。
词汇注释
prosecutor [5prRsIkju:tE(r)]n.检察官 ,检察员,起诉人,原告
controversial [kRntrE5v:F(E)l]adj.争论的, 争议的
mandate [5mAndeIt]v.批准制订一个训令，如通过法律；发布命令或要求：
wager [5weIdVE(r)]v.下赌注, 保证
conviction [kEn5vIkF(E)n]n.定罪, 宣告有罪
unravel[Qn5rAv(E)l]v. 阐明, 解决
flabbergast[5flAbE^B:st; (?@) -^Ast]v.使大吃一惊, 哑然失色, 使目瞪口呆
indict[In5daIt]v.起诉, 控告, 指控, 告发
bust[bQst]v.破产或缺钱
oust[aJst]v.剥夺, 取代, 驱逐
discard[dI5skB:d]v.抛开；遗弃；废弃
molest[mE5lest]v.骚乱, 困扰, 调戏
saliva[sE5laIvE]n.口水, 唾液
难句突破
1.Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
主体句式： …Pfingst had stood behind …
结构分析： Even before the tragedy是本句的时间状语；主句是Pfingst had stood
behind…;that 引导的宾语从句修饰law;在从句中，as…as是一词组，意思是“和…一样”；出现的第三个as是介词，意思是“作为”。
句子译文：甚至在这场悲剧发生之前芬斯特就支持加利福尼亚州的一项颇有争议的法律。这项法律规定，以成人身份受审的谋杀嫌疑犯的最低年龄可以降到十四岁。
2012年考研英语（二）真题及答案
Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions :
Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that‘s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the ―willieǁ cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal
2012年考研英语二真题(全部答案及解析)(完整版)
2012年考研英语真题与答案
Section 1 Use of Eninglish
Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of
American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who
1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the
pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in
cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the
Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average
guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.
His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was
on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the
2012年考研英语真题及答案1
2012年考研英语真题及答案1
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best
word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,
B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The ethical judgments of the Supreme
Court justices have become an important issue
recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as
guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave
like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices
acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for
being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example,
appeared at political events. That kind of
activity makes it less likely that the court’s
decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments.
Part of the problem is that the justices are not
_5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court
should make itself _6_to the code of conduct
2012年英语二阅读理解及解析
2012年英语二 Text 1
1---Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even
many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned.
School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles
Unified, are revising(修改) their thinking on his educational
ritual(例行公事). Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an
inflexible (不可变更的) policy which mandates(批准) that with the
exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for
more than 10% of a student’s academic grade。
家庭作业从来就没有受到学生甚至家长的真正欢迎，但最近几年来，家庭
作业却受到人们的鄙视。全国的学校都在修改家庭作业的相关惯例做法。不幸
的是，洛杉矶学区通过了一项不可变更的政策：除了高等课程，家庭作业在学
分中所占比例不可以超过10%。
21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____。
[A] is receiving more criticism
[B] is no longer an educational ritual（绝对）
[C] is not required for advanced courses（正反）
[D] is gaining more preferences（正反）
2012年考研英语二-真题及答案
2010年——2013年 考研英语二 真题及答案
第 1 页 共 9 页 2012年考研英语二真题
Section I USE of English
Directions :
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or
D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)
Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the
symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the
men and women who 1 in World War II and the people they liberated ,the
GI.was the 2 man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his
home ,the guy who 3 all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes，who
went without the 4 of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi
reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid , 5 an
average guy ,up 6 the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies
2012考研英语二真题答案
2012考研英语二真题答案
一、选择题
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14.
A 15. D
16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C
28. D 29. B 30. D
二、阅读理解
Passage 1
31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A
Passage 2
35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A
Passage 3
39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A
三、完形填空
43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. C
55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A 60. C 61. D 62. B 63. C
四、翻译
64. More and more people in China choose to travel abroad during the
holidays. Compared with visiting scenic spots in China, traveling abroad
offers a wider range of choices and can be more enjoyable. Traveling abroad can also broaden one's horizons and increase cultural exchanges between
different countries.
65. As one of the largest film industries in the world, Hollywood has
2012考研(英语一)真题及其答案
2012考研(英语一)真题及其答案 英语考研
2 2012考研英语一真题答案解析
ection I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)
for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D
on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court
justices have become an important issue recently.
The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian
of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like
politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices
acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for
being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at
political events. That kind of activity makes it
less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_
as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is
that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At 英语考研
3 英语考研
4
along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as
2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案
2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案
D
2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案(一)
Flatfish, such as the flounder, are among
the few vertebrates that lack approximate
bilateral symmetry (symmetry in which
structures to the left and right of the
body’s midline are mirror images). Most
striking among the many asymmetries evident
in an adult flatfish is eye placement:
before maturity one eye migrates, so that in
an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same
side of the head. While in most species with
asymmetries virtually all adults share the
same asymmetry, members of the starry
flounder species can be either left-eyed
(both eyes on the left side of head) or
right-eyed. In the waters between the United
States and Japan, the starry flounder
populations vary from about 50 percent
left-eyed off the United States West Coast,
through about 70 percent left-eyed halfway
2012考研英语二真题及答案
2012考研英语二真题及答案
2012年的考研英语二试题是许多考生备战考研的重要参考资料之一。下面将为大家提供该年份的试题和答案。
阅读理解部分
Passage 1
Stress is a universal problem and psychological stress is recognized as an
important factor in causing heart disease. But the mechanisms by which
stress damages the heart are not clearly understood.
In certain animals stress leads to an increase in the size of the adrenal
glands. If this happens to young rats, they develop high blood pressure that
lasts throughout their lives. In one study, rats that had been made
emotionally upset by receiving a series of electric shocks as they tried to
climb out of a pool of water were found to have high adrenal hormone levels.
A group of similar rats that did not receive the shocks did not have raised
hormone levels. Further studies showed that the adrenal hormones impaired
a certain type of cells which line the blood vessels. It may be, therefore, that
2012年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2012 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析
Section I Use of English
一、文章题材结构分析
本文是一篇关于人物介绍的说明性文章，主要讲述了 G. I. Joe 由普通人成长为英雄，是美国特种兵敢死队的象
征。
二、试题解析
1．【答案】B
【解析】本段开篇提出主题：G. I. Joe 这个名字对于参加过第二次世界大战的人来说意义非凡。空格中需要填
动词，在定语从句中做谓语，其主语是 who（指代 men and women），动作发生的地点是
in World War II；空后的
句子“the people they liberated” 中 they也指代 men and women，他们有 liberate的动作，由此推断“the men and women”
指的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人，即服役的军人。只有 serve 有“服兵役”的意思，所以选 B。
A 项 perform 意为“表现；执行；表演”；C 项 rebel 意为“造反，反抗”；D 项 betray 意为”背叛，出卖”，皆不符
合文意，为干扰项。
2．【答案】B
【解析】空格处所指的人与下文的 the poor farm kid 和 the guy 在含义上呼应，同时与空格后的“grown into
hero”逻辑含义应保持一致，因此空内信息应该是与 hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多
苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人（common man）成长为英雄，所以选 B。
A 项 actual 意为“实际上，事实上的”；C 项 special 意为“特殊的，专门的”；D 项
normal 意为“正常的，常态
的”；皆不符合上下文语意，为干扰项。
3．【答案】A
【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，需要填入动词在定语从句中做谓语，先行词是