供应链管理下的采购研究本科学位论文

供应链管理下的采购研究 潘艳波 学位授予单位:天津大学;学科专业:工商管理 摘要 供应链管理思想给处于挑战下的制造业带来了希望。利润是企业的生命,实施供应链管理的终极目的就 是增强企业的竞争力,进而实现更高的利润。采购环节是连接企业与供应链上游外部企业的衔接点。企业的 生产经营过程就是物资的消费过程,要使生产经营过程周而复始、不间断地进行,就需要不断地从市场购进物 资,以补充生产经营过程中对原材料、半成品等的需要;采购的原料及零部件成本占企业总成本的比重居高不 下,采购成本控制是提高企业利润的重要手段之一;关于对产成品价值的增值,易耗消费品、耐用消费品和复 合制造型生产品的采购环节的增值作用均大于或等于生产和销售环节,采购对供应链的价值贡献是显著的。 另外采购与库存密切相关,要实现降低库存,就必然要重视采购环节。 基于上述这样的背景,本文首先对供应链和供应链管理的基础理论知识作了概述,并介绍了供应链和供 应链管理的概念、特点及其类别和相关的研究内容。然后结合制造企业面临的新的挑战,概述了供应链管理 思想及制造企业发展供应链管理的五个阶段。在本文的第三章,从采购在供应链中的地位、采购对控制成本 的意义和采购在价值链中的作用等方面,对采购的重要性进行了阐述,并对供应链管理下的采购、采购管理的 定义和采购组织的形态进行了解释。接下来在分析影响采购策略的内外部因素、回顾三大类采购策略理论 地基础上,根据制造业供应链管理发展的五个阶段,从策略、目标、组织、人员、信息技术、供应商六个方面 对五个阶段下的采购策略特征进行了探讨。在第四章中,介绍了供应链管理前提下企业间的合作关系的概念, 以及合作伙伴关系给企业发展带来的益处和存在的风险。在第五章中,结合A公司的实际情况,对其供应链 管理与采购战略展开具体讨论,分析了其供应链管理与采购的现状,针对存在的问题和不足之处,提出了改进 采购管理策略。 关键词：供应链;;供应链管理;;采购管理;;采购策略;;库存;;供应链合作关系 中图分类号：F274 Abstract The method of supply chain management brings the new hope to manufacturing under challenge.Margin is the life of an enterprise.Then to achieve higher profit,the final purpose of supply chain management is to improve the competition capability of enterprises.Purchasing or procurement is one chain,which connects a company with its outer organizations.First,the production management of the business enterprise is the consumption process of the material supplies.To maintain the production round-the-clock,the constant material supply is a must in complement to the demand of the original material,semi-processed goods etc.Second,the costs of original material and parts take a big share in the whole costs.The control of the procurement costs is an efficient way to increase profits.Third,from a study of the value-added contribution of three segments:procurement,production, marketing,it can be concluded that the role of procurement outweighs the other two.Apart from above,original material procurement is closely related to inventory.It is essential for a manufacturer to attach more importance to procurement so as to realize the decrease of storage. Under the upper background,firstly,it introduces the basic theory and concept of supply chain and supply chain management.Then it introduces the five phases of supply of supply chain management according to thentroduces the importance of purchase in the cost control and value chain and the definition of purchase,purchase management and purchase organization.Based on the five development phases of manufacturing,it introduces the purchase tactics in tactics,target,organization,staff,information and supplier.In the fourth chapter,it introduces the concept of cooperation among enterprises,the risk and benefit that will bring to enterprises through the supply chain partnership.In the fifth chapter,it discusses the supply chain management and purchase strategy according to the fact of A company.After the analysis of A company’supply chain and purchase management,it provides the improved purchase tactics according to the shortcomings. Key Words：Supply chain;;Supply chain management;;Purchase management;;Purchase tactics;;Storage;; Supply chain partnership 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库2009年第04期经济与管理科学辑J152-618-2目录 第一章绪论····················································································································································4 1.1研究背景················································································································································4 1.2研究意义················································································································································5 1.3研究的主要内容····································································································································6 第二章供应链及供应链管理概述··················································································································7 2.1供应链···················································································································································7 2.2供应链管理············································································································································9 2.3制造企业供应链管理的实现·················································································································13 第三章供应链管理下的采购策略··················································································································17 3.1采购在供应链中的地位························································································································17 3.2供应链管理下的采购和采购管理的定义······························································································19 3.3供应链管理下的采购组织·····················································································································23 3.4采购策略和影响采购策略的因素·········································································································27 3.5三种采购策略概述································································································································29 3.6供应链管理下的采购策略发展演变模式······························································································32 第四章供应链中的企业合作关系··················································································································37 4.1企业合作关系的定义和发展·················································································································37 4.2合作伙伴关系的益处·············································································