2014英语专八考试真题参考答案 (1)0204192340
2014专八考试尚未到来，
θθ,632412666 这家很不错，记得用联通3G手
机或4G，大部分都有信号。了解情况，你懂的。
这是2013英语专
八考试真题参考答案（周玉亮老师提供）
阅读理解
11.the appearance of advertisement in newspaper.
12.more people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news
13.planning the return to coffee-house news.
14.optimistic and cautious
15.the participator nature of news.
阅读理解第二篇
16. regret
17. more resturants to choose from
18. can be happy if they want
19. its implications for life
20. thoughtfulness
阅读理解第三篇
21. Geographic location
22. the government’s determination
23. denmark’s energy-saving success offers the world a useful model
24. the country’s previous experience of oil shortage
25. energy saving cannot go together with economic growth.
阅读第四篇
26. shops try all kinds of means to please customers
27. over-friendly
28. customers have got a sense of superiority
29. keep asking for more discounts
30. the practice of frugality is of great importance
人文知识
31. 澳大利亚的全称是：the commonwealth of Austrilia
32. 加拿大以什么著称，除了什么以外（矿产、森林、肥沃的土地）。答案选the heavy
industries.
33. 美国社区大学一般提供two-year制课程（送分题啊，亲）
34. 1997年苏格兰、威尔斯全民公决各自有了自己的议会（坑爹题，有尼玛什么意义嘛？）
35. 哪一个是头韵法，答案：safe and sound
36 谁写的Mrs. Warren's Profession，答案是：George Bernard Shaw （我真不知道）
37 Sister Carrie是神马东东，答案：novel （送分题啊，亲）
38 下面哪一个斜体部分为曲折语素，答案goes里面的es （送分题啊，亲）
39 听其音，知其意是神马东东，答案：拟音Onomatopoeia （送分题啊，亲）
40 "关上课本，认真听我讲“起的啥作用，答案： directive （送分题啊，亲）
改错部分
1. production改成producing (与前后ing形式保持一致）
2. 本题至少有两处错误
a. meomory for 改为 memorizing，与前文ING形式保持一致
b. take the language for granted 应该去掉the本文中language用作抽象意义，不需要加
冠词
3. 加the (most of time 改为most of the time)
4. looking改为look
5. we前面加that (强调结构)
6. 去掉colleague后面的has(改完成时态为一般过去时 had a stroke）
7. their改成his (与前面的名词在数上保持一致）
8. anyone改成 someone
9. evolved改成involved （相似词混用）
10. were改成are （时态一致）
汉译英.
生活就像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从其中品出无穷无尽的美妙，将它握在手中仔细观察它的
暗红色中有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹，抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜中有一丝苦涩。如
人生一般复杂迷离；喝一口下肚，余香沁人心脾，让人终生受益，红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰
富越美好，当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨与智
慧。
参考答案(网友版）
Life is like a cup of wine; people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from
it. Hold in the hand and gaze at it, the dark red color is reminiscent of the
blood, which is the impress of life. Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste,
the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life, which is complicated and
blurred. Once the sip is swallowed, the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and
refreshes the mind, leaving a person lifelong benefit. There is a remarkable
resemblance between life and wine: the taste becomes more delicious as the wine
mellows, just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. When life comes to
twilight years, it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity, just like
a bottle of wine to be savored.
英译汉参考答案（网友版）
联合国代表大会，中心政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括世界上所有国家，其中三分
之二的国家为发展中国家，占世界总人口的四分之三。通过决议非常困难，尤其是所有惯例决
出的协议必须达成一致才能通过。结果就是，重要的协议总是被狭隘的特殊利益所挟持，并且
大部分协议都只是用来使自己的利益最大化。但真正的问题是世界上主要国.是否愿意看到民
主最大限度地开展。联合国安理会，负责和平和安全，处理最重要的政治问题。安理会只有
15个成员国，所以能经常性地应付危机。它曾一度由于冷战对立而停摆，但已经重新获得了
联合国宪章给予的权利。
作文题目：
Is a sound social environment necessary for people to have high moral standards
and be good to others?
01-14年专八汉译英（附答案）
01-14年专八汉译英（附答案）01到14年专八汉译英真题及答案：2014年本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。
老舍的作品生活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。
因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表达出原文的精神面貌。
当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十圆的保证金。
这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。
当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
参考译文：After I graduated from primary school，relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress，I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms，books，room and board. To enter the school，I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However，after two weeks' tough effort，mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation，mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her，"you can have a rest in the future."but she replied nothing，only with tears streaming down her face.2013年生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。
2009-2014年英语专八考试汉译英真题（共5篇）
2009-2014年英语专八考试汉译英真题（共5篇）第一篇：2009-2014年英语专八考试汉译英真题2014年英语专八考试汉译英部分真题当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十圆的保证金。
这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。
当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
中译英部分参考译文After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother.Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study.So I kept learning secretly.I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms, books, room and board.To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit.This was a large sum of money for my family.However, after two weeks’ tough effort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards.She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future.On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night.I said to her, “you can have a rest in the future.” but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.点评：本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。
2014年专八写作真题及参考范文
2014年专八写作真题及参考范文PARTVI WRITING (45 MIN)Nowadays, some companies have work-from-home or remote working policies, which means that their employees do not have to commute to work every day. Some people think that this can save a lot of time travelling to and from work, thus raising employees’ productivity. However, others argue that in the workplace, people can communicate face to face, which vastly increases the efficiency of coordination and cooperation. What is your opinion?Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic：My Views on Working from HomeIn the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details．In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary．Marks will be awarded for content, organization，language and appropriateness．Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks．Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR．参考范文（一）Telecommuting: an Inevitable TrendThere is no denying the fact that the past years have witnessed an increasing number of people working from home, with some employers encouraging this practice. However, there exist opposing views on this phenomenon, with proponents claiming that it saves time and increases productivity, while opponents arguing that it lacks face-to-face communication and thus affects coordination. Personally, I believe that there is truth in both opinions. Therefore, this new style of working suits more jobs that demand less face-to-face communication. However, with the popularization of the Internet and its increasingly mighty function, working from home, or telecommuting, will definitely become an inevitable and irreversible trend.Firstly, the advantages of telecommuting go far beyond saving time spent on travelling to and from the workplace. It provides a worker with an unimaginable degree of freedom and comfort. One can nearly arrange everything related to work according to his or her will. He can get up and go to bed at any time he wishes, as long as he fulfills his daily task. Furthermore, he does not have to worry about his appearances or dressing. This is especially convenient to female workers. Besides, one can choose to work out during the break at time he deems proper. Plus, he can enjoy cooking at home and have his favorite food, instead of putting up with the monotonous cuisine in the collective dining hall or potentially hazardous food in restaurants.Secondly, communicating face to face is gradually losing its necessity in an increasing number of professions along with the strides made in online communication. This is true not only in such advanced industrialized countries as the U.S. and Japan, but also here in China. Suchonline communication tools as QQ, We Chat and micro blog provide people with not only verbal chat, but also voice chat and even video chat. One does not necessarily go out to see his colleagues or clients, for it can all be accomplished online. A case in point is the surging wave of online shopping. Another strong evidence is online education. Such virtual classrooms as YY and MOOC have rendered actual classrooms seem outdated and stupid.Undeniably, face-to-face communication cannot completely give way to virtual communication, especially at the starting stage of a community, or in such cases as individualized education and primary schooling. However, as a natural consequence of the development of science and technology, working from home represents the marching direction of advanced productivity. As a member of modern society, one should get himself or herself fully prepared for the challenge of such a new style of working.参考范文（二）Telecommuting: a Two-Edged SwordAngels and devils are two poles apart, but working from home, or telecommuting, seems to combine them perfectly. Along with the advances in computer and Internet technologies, the past years have witnessed an increasing number of people working from home, with some employers encouraging this practice. However, there exist opposing views on this phenomenon. Some people take it for granted that it is a blessing, while others argue that it is a curse. As I see it, there is an element of truth in both views, and one should make a careful choice according to his or her conditions.On the one hand, no one can deny the fact that working from home brings about numerous benefits, which go far beyond saving time spent on travelling to and from the workplace. It provides a worker with an unimaginable degree of freedom and comfort. One can nearly arrange everything related to work according to his or her will. He can get up and go to bed at any time he wishes, as long as he fulfills his daily task. Furthermore, he does not have to worry about his appearances or dressing. This is especially convenient to female workers. Besides, one can choose to work out during the break at time he deems proper. Plus, he can enjoy cooking at home and have his favorite food, instead of putting up with the monotonous cuisine in the collective dining hall or potentially hazardous food in restaurants.On the other hand, however, the above mentioned advantages of telecommuting may well turn out to be its demerits. While enjoying the freedom of time arrangement, one may find himself lack of discipline and regular hours, which might be a hazard to his physical fitness. In the same way, he or she may miss the opportunity to manifest his or her attractiveness to his or her colleagues or people on the way to and back from work while appreciating the time and money that otherwise would be spent on dressing and making up. Similarly, he or she may find it troublesome to cook and wash dishes. What is the most important, as mentioned in the directions, is that telecommuting cut into face-to-face communication and thus affects the efficiency of coordination. As can be easily perceived, face-to-face communication cannot completely give way to virtual communication, especially at the starting stage of a community, or in such cases as individualized education and primary schooling.In the final analysis, I should admit honestly that I cannot give a yes-no answer to the question whether telecommuting is a good thing or not. Actually, it should be viewed as atwo-edged sword, which presents both conveniences and troubles. The best policy, as I see it, is to make your own choice according to the nature of your work as well as your personality.。
历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案
历年专八短文改错试题2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also)have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured)Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as )What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that)more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting)so. W hether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and)focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013英语专八改错真题答案Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.1. production改成producing2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately前面的so4. looking改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their改成his8. anyone改成pure老师someone9. evolved改成involved10. were改成are2012年专八真题改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. Theargument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____参考答案：1.going后加on2. certain改为a certain3. rather改为not4. is 改为was5. in 改为at6. 去掉第二个the7. view后面加that8. 去掉was9. culminated后面加in10. and 改为but2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1.在grow后加up, 考固定短语2. 改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”3.改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。
历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案
历年专八短文改错试题2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also)have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured)Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one 前面加as )What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact 后面加that)more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language 前面去掉the)acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts 改为attempting)so. W hether one labels it « I ・?? «・・” an additionallearning ” or “ acquiringlanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and)focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving 改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch 改为contact) 2013 英语专八改错真题答案Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production andremembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) ______________________listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) _____happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances wemight become aware of the complexity (5) _____in volved: if we are searchi ng for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has in flue need (6) ______their Ian guage; if we observe a child acquire Ian guage; if (7) ______we try to lear n a sec ond Ian guage ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) _____of what might be called “anguage in exceptional circumstances ”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speak ing, (9) _____listening, writing and reading. But given that Ianguage processeswere no rmally so automatic, we also n eed to carry out careful (10) _____experime nts to get at what is happe ning.1. product ion 改成produci ng2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately 前面的so4. looking 改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their 改成his8. anyone 改成pure 老师some one9. evolved 改成involved10. were 改成are2012年专八真题改错部分The cen tral problem of tran slat ing has always bee n whether to tran slate literally or freely. Theargume nthas bee n going since at least the first (1) _____cen tury B.C. Up to the begi nning of the 19th cen tury, many writers favoured certain kind of "free ”translation: the spirit, not the letter; the sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not the manner . This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who wan ted the truth to be read and un derstood. Then in the tur n of 19th cen tury, whe n the study of cultural an thropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the Ianguage was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible gained some curre ncy, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the extreme "literalists ” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argume nt was theoretical: the purpose of the tran slati on, the n ature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too⑵_______(3) _______⑷ _______(5) _______⑹ _______⑺_______(8) _______often, writer , translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other . Now, the con text has cha nged, and the basic problem rema ins. 参考答案： 1. going 后力口 on 2. certain 改为 a certain 3. rather 改为 not 4. is 改为 was 5. in 改为at 6. 去掉第二个the 7. view 后面加 that 8. 去掉 was 9. culminated后面加 in10. and 改为 but 2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer. Betwee n the ages of about seve ntee n and twen ty-four I tried to aba ndon this idea, but I did so with the con scie nee that I was outragi ng my true n ature and that soon or later I should have to settle dow n and write books.I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reas ons I was somewhat Ion ely, and I soon developed disagree ing mann erisms which made me un popular throughout my schooldays. I had the Ion ely child's habit of making up stories and holdi ng con versatio ns with imagi native pers ons, and I think from the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and un dervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in un pleasa nt facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended ——writingwhich I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a doze n pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. 1. 在grow 后加up,考固定短语2. 改consienee 为consciousness 考词语区别，consienee 翻译为 ’良心，道德心”，consiousnes 翻译为 意 识”3. 改 soon 为 sooner ， sooner or later 是固定短语4. 在child 前加middle,考上下文理解。
01-14年专八汉译英(附答案)
01到14年专八汉译英真题及答案：2014年本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。
老舍的作品生活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。
因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表达出原文的精神面貌。
当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十圆的保证金。
这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。
当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
参考译文：After I graduated from primary school，relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress，I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms，books，room and board. To enter the school，I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However，after two weeks' tough effort，mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation，mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her，"you can have a rest in the future." but she replied nothing，only with tears streaming down her face.2013年生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。
2014专八阅读和翻译
2014年专八PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed be a total of 20 multi ple-choicequestions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to ea ch question on ANSWERSHEER TWO.TEXT AMy class at Harvard Business School helps students understand what good m anagementtheory is and how it is built. In each session, we look at one comp any through the lenses ofdifferent theories, using them to explain how the co mpany got into its situation and to examinewhat action will yield the needed r esults. On the last day of class, I asked my class to turnthose theoretical lens es on themselves to find answers to two questions: First, How can I besure I’l l be happy in my career? Second, how can I be sure my relationships with my spouseand my family will become an enduring source of happiness? Here are some managementtools that can be used to help you lead a purposeful life.1. Use Your Resources Wisely. Your decisions about allocating your personal ti me, energy, andtalent shape your life’s strategy. I have a bunch of “business es” that compete for theseresources:I’m trying to have a rewarding relationsh ip with my wife, raise great kids, contribute to my community, succeed in my career, and contribute to my church. And Ihave exactly the same problem tha t a corporation does. I have a limited amount of time, energy and talent. How much do I devote to each of these pursuits?Allocation choices can make your life turn out to very different from what youi ntended.Sometimes that’s good: opportunities that you have never planned f or emerge. Butif you don’t invest your resources wisely, the outcome can be bad. As I think about people whoinadvertently invested in lives of hollow unha ppiness, I can’t help believing that their troublesrelated right back to a short-t erm perspective.When people with a high need for achievement have an extra half hour of tim e or an extraounce of energy, they’ll unconsciously allocate it to activities that yield the most tangibleaccomplishments. Our careers provide the most concr ete evidence that we’re movingforward.You ship a product, finish a design, co mplete a presentation, close a sale teach aclass, publish a paper, get paid, ge t promoted. In contrast, investing time and energy in yourrelationships with y our spouse and children typically doesn’t offer the same immediate senseof a chievement. Kids misbehave every day. It’s really not until 20 years down the road thatyou can say,“I raised a good son or a good daughter.” You can neglect your relationship w ithyour spouse and on a daily basis it doesn’t seem as if thing are deterioratin g. People who aredriven to excel have this unconscious propensity to underinvest in their families andoverinvest in their careers, even though intimate and loving family relationships are the mostpowerful and enduring source of happ iness.If you study the root causes of business disasters, over and over you’ll find th is predispositiontoward endeavors that offer immediate gratification. If you lo ok at personal lives throughthat lens,you’ll see that same stunning and soberi ng pattern: people allocating fewer andfewer resources to the things they wo uld have once said mattered most.2. Create A Family Culture. It’s one thing to see into the foggy future with a a cuity and chartthe course corrections a company must make. But it’s quite an other to persuade employees toline up and work cooperatively to take the co mpany in that new direction.When there is little agreement, you have to use “power tools”– coercion, threats, punishments and so on, to secure cooperation. But if emp loyee’s ways of working togethersucceed over and over, consensus begins to f orm. Ultimately, people don ‘t even think aboutwhether their way yields succe ss. They embrace priorities and follow procedures by instinctand assumption r ather than by explicit decision, which means that they’ve created aculture. Cu lture, in compelling but unspoken ways, dictates the proven, acceptable meth odsby which member s of a group address recurrent problems. And culture de fines the prioritygiven to different types of problems. It can be a powerful ma nagement tool.I use this model to address the question, How can I be my family becomes an enduringsource of happiness? My students quickly see that the simplest way parents can elicitcooperation from children is to wield power tools. But there c omes a point during the teenyears when power tools no longer work. At that point, parents start wishing they had begunworking with their children at a ve ry young age to build a culture in which children instinctivelybehave respectfu lly toward one another, obey their parents, and choose the right thing to do. Families have cultures, just as companies do. Those cultures can be built cons ciously.If you want your kids to have strong self-esteem and the confidence that they can solve hardproblems, those qualities won’t magically materialize in high sc hool. You have to design theminto your family’s culture and you have think a bout this very early on. Like employees, childrenbuild self-esteem by doing th ings that are hard and learning what works.11. According to the author, the key to successful allocation of resources in y our life dependson whether you ________.A. can manage your time wellB. have long-term planningC. are lucky enough to have new opportunitiesD. can solve both company and family problems12. What is the role of the statement “Our careers provide the most concrete evidence thatwe’re moving forward” with reference to the previous statement in the paragraph?A. To offer further explanationB. To provide a definitionC. To present a contrastD. To illustrate career development13. According to the author, a common cause of failure in business and family relationships is________.A. lack of planningB. short-sightednessC. shortage of resourcesD. decision by instinct14. According to the author, when does culture begin to emerge ________.A. When people decide what and how to do by instinctB. When people realize the importance of consensusC. When people as a group decide how to succeedD. When people use “power tools” to reach agreement15. One of the similarities between company culture and family culture is that ________.A. problem-solving ability is essentialB. cooperation is the foundationC. respect and obedience are key elementsD. culture needs to be nurturedText BIt was nearly bedtime and when they awoke next morning land would be in si ght. Dr. Macphaillit his pipe and, leaning over the rail, searched the heavens f or the Southern Cross. After twoyears at the front and a wound that had take n longer to heal than it should, he was glad tosettle down quietly at Apia (阿皮亚，西萨摩亚首都) for twelve months at least, and he feltalready better for the journey. Since some of the passengers were leaving the ship next daythey ha d had a little dance that evening and in his ears hammered still the harsh not es of themechanical piano. But the deck was quiet at last. A little way off he s aw his wife in a longchair talking with the Davidsons, and he strolled over toher. When he sat down under the lightand took off his hat you saw that he ha d very red hair, with a bald patch on the crown, and thered, freckled skin whi ch accompanies red hair; he was a man of forty, thin, with a pinched face, pr ecise and rather pedantic; and he spoke with a Scots accent in a very low, qui et voice.Between the Macphails and the Davidsons, who were missionaries, there had arisen theintimacy of shipboard, which is due to proximity rather than to any community of taste. Their chief tie was the disapproval they shared of the me n who spent their days and nights inthe smoking-room playing poker or bridg e and drinking. Mrs. Macphail was not a little flatteredto think that she and he r husband were the only people on board with whom the Davidsonswere willin g to associate,and even the doctor, shy but no fool, half unconsciouslyacknow ledged the compliment. It was because he was of an argumentative mind that intheir cabin at night he permitted himself to carp (唠叨).‘Mrs. Davidson was saying she didn’t know how they’d have got through the j ourney if it hadn’tbeen for us,’ said Mrs. Macphail, as she neatly brushed out her transformation (假发).‘Shesaid we were really the only people on the ship they cared to know.’‘I shouldn’t have thought a missionary was such a big bug (要人、名士) that he could afford toput on frills (摆架子).’‘It’s not frills. I quite understand what she means. It wouldn’t have been very nice for theDavidsons to have to mix with all that rough lot in the smoking-ro om.’‘The founder of their religion wasn’t so exclusive,’ said Dr. Macphail with a ch uckle.‘I’ve asked you over and over again not to joke about religion,’ answered his wife.‘I shouldn’tlike to have a nature like yours, Alec. You never look for the best i n people.’He gave her a sidelong glance with his pale, blue eyes, but did not reply. Afte r many years ofmarried life he had learned that it was more conducive to pea ce to leave his wife with the lastword.He was undressed before she was, and climbing into the upper bunk he settled down toread himself to sleep.When he came on deck next morning they were close to land. He looked at it with greedyeyes.There was a thin strip of silver beach rising quickly to hills co vered to the top withluxuriant vegetation. The coconut trees, thick and green,came nearly to the water’s edge, andamong them you saw the grass houses of the Samoaris (萨摩亚人); and here and there, gleaming white, alittle church. Mrs. Davidson came and stood beside him. She was dressed inbl ack, and wore round her neck a gold chain, from which dangled a cross. She was a littlewoman, with brown, dull hair very elaborately arranged, and she h ad prominent blue eyesbehind invisible pince-nez (夹鼻眼镜). Her face waslong, like a sheep’s, but she gave noimpression of foolishness, rather of extre me alertness; she had the quick movements of abird. The most remarkable th ing about her was her voice, high, metallic, and withoutinflection; it fell on th e ear with a hard monotony, irritating to the nerves like the pitilessclamor of t he pneumatic drill.‘This must seem like home to you,’ said Dr. Macphail, with his thin, difficult s mile.‘Ours are low islands, you know, not like these. Coral. These are volcanic. We’ve got anotherten days' journey to reach them.’‘In these parts that’s almost like being in the next street at home,’ said Dr. M acphailfacetiously.‘Well, that’s rather an exaggerated way of putting it, but one does look at dist ances differentlyin the J South Seas. So far you’re right.’Dr. Macphail sighed faintly.16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that Dr. Macphail ________.A. preferred quietness to noiseB. enjoyed the sound of the mechanical pianoC. was going back to his hometownD. wanted to befriend the Davidsons17. The Macphails and the Davidsons were in each other’e company because t hey ________.A. had similar experienceB. liked each otherC. shared dislike for some passengersD. had similar religious belief18. Which of the following statements BEST describes Mrs. Macphail?A. She was good at making friendsB. She was prone to quarrelling with her husbandC. She was skillful in dealing with strangersD. She was easy to get along with.19. All the following adjectives can be used to depict Mrs. Davidson EXCEPT _ _______.A. arrogantB. unapproachableC. unpleasantD. irritable20. Which of the following statements about Dr. Macphail is INCORRECT?A. He was sociable.B. He was intelligent.C. He was afraid of his wife.D. He was fun of the Davidsons.Text CToday we make room for a remarkably narrow range of personality styles. We 're told that tobe great is to be bold, to be happy is to be sociable. We see ou rselves as a nation of extroverts— which means that we've lost sight of who we really are. One-third to one-half of Americansare introverts — in the other words, one out of every two or three people you know. If you'renot an introv ert yourself, you are surely raising,managing, married to, or coupled with one .If these statistics surprise you, that's probably because so many people prete nd to beextroverts.Closet introverts pass undetected on playgrounds, in high school locker rooms, andin the corridors of corporate America. Some fool eve n themselves, until some life event — alayoff, an empty nest, an inheritance t hat frees them to spend time as they like — jolts theminto taking stock of thei r true natures. You have only to raise this subject with your friends andacquai ntances to find that the most unlikely people consider themselves introverts. It makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves. We live w ith a valuesystem that I call the Extrovert Ideal— the omnipresent belief that the ideal self is gregarious, alpha, and comfortable in the spotlight. The arche typal extrovert prefers action tocontemplation, risk-taking to heed-taking, cer tainty to doubt. He favors quick decisions, even at the risk of being wrong. Sh e works well in teams and socializes in groups. We like tothink that we value i ndividuality, but all too often we admire one type of individual — the kindwho' s comfortable "putting himself out there." Sure, we allow technologically gifte d loners wholaunch companies in garages to have any personality they please , but they are the exceptions, not the rule, and our tolerance extends mainly t o those who get fabulously wealthy or hold thepromise of doing so.Introversion — along with its cousin’s sensitivity, seriousness, and shyness —is now asecond-class personality trait, somewhere between a disappointment and a pathology. Introverts living under the Extrovert Ideal are like women in a man's world, discounted becauseof a trait that goes to the core of who they are. Extroversion is an enormously appealingpersonality style, but we've turn ed it into an oppressive standard to which most of us feel wemust conform.The Extrovert Ideal has been documented in many studies, though this resear ch has neverbeen grouped under a single name. Talkative people, for exampl e, are rated as smarter, better-looking,more interesting, and more desirable a s friends. Velocity of speech counts as well asvolume: we rank fast talkers as more competent and likable than slow ones. Even the wordintrovert is stigma tized — one informal study, by psychologist Laurie Helgoe, found thatintrovert s described their own physical appearance in vivid language, but when asked todescribe generic introverts they drew a bland and distasteful picture.But we make a grave mistake to embrace the Extrovert Ideal so unthinkingly. Some of ourgreatest ideas, art, and inventions — from the theory of evolutio n to van Gogh's sunflowers tothe personal computer — came from quiet and c erebral people who knew how to tune in totheir inner worlds and the treasure s to be found there.21. According to the author, there exists, as far as personality styles are conc erned, adiscrepancy between ________.A. what people say they can do and what they actually canB. what society values and what people pretend to beC. what people profess and what statistics showD. what people profess and what they hide from others22. The ideal extrovert is described as being all the following EXCEPT ______ __.A. doubtfulB. sociableC. determinedD. bold23. According to the author, our society only permits ________ to have what ever personalitythey like.A. the youngB. the ordinaryC. the artisticD. the rich24. According to the passage, which of the following statements BEST reflects the author’sopinion?A. Introversion is seen as an inferior trait because of its association with sensi tivity.B. Extroversion is arbitrary forced by society as a norm upon people.C. Introverts are generally regarded as either unsuccessful or as deficient.D. Extroversion and introversion have similar personality trait profiles.25. The author winds up the passage with a ________ note.A. cautiousB. warningC. positiveD. humorousText DSpeaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasinglyglobalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages ofbilingualism are even more fundamental than bei ng able to converse with a wider range ofpeople.Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect onyour brain,improving cog nitive skills not related to language and even shielding againstdementia （痴呆） in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bili ngualism throughmuch of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and polic y makers long considered a secondlanguage to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child’s academic andintellectual development. They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual’sbrain both language systems are active even when he is using onl y one language, thus creatingsituations in which one system obstructs the oth er. But this interference, researchers arefinding out, isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolveinternal conflict,giving t he mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles.The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests that the bilin gualexperience improves the brain’s so-called executive function — a comman d system thatdirects the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems and performingvarious other mentally demanding tasks. These pro cesses include ignoring distractions to stayfocused, switching attention willfull y from one thing to another and holding information inmind ? like rememberi ng a sequence of directions while driving.Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language systems im prove theseaspects of cognition? Until recently, researchers thought the biling ual advantage stemmedprimarily from ability for inhibition that was honed by the exercise of suppressing onelanguage system: this suppression, it was tho ught, would help train the bilingual mind toignore distractions in other context s. But that explanation increasingly appears to beinadequate, since studies ha ve shown that bilinguals perform better than monolinguals evenat tasks that do not require inhibition, like threading a line through an ascending series ofn umbers scattered randomly on a page.The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightenedability to monitor the environment.“Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often? Youmay talk to your father i n one language and to your mother in another language,” says AlbertCosta, a researcher at the University of Pompeu Fabra in Spain.“It requires keeping track ofchanges around you in the same way that we mo nitor our surroundings when driving.” In astudy comparing German-Italian bili nguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Costa and his collea gues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but theyalso did so with less activity in parts of the brain involved in monitoring, indicatin g that theywere more efficient at it.The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old ag e, and there isreason to believe that it may also apply to those who learn a se cond language later in life.26. According to the passage, the more recent and old views of bilingualism d iffer mainly in________.A. its practical advantagesB. its role in cognitionC. perceived language fluencyD. its role in medicine27. The fact that interference is now seen as a blessing in disguise means tha t ________.A. it has led to unexpectedly favorable resultsB. its potential benefits have remained undiscoveredC. its effects on cognitive development have been minimalD. only a few researchers have realized its advantages28. What is the role of Paragraph Four in relation to Paragraph Three?A. It provides counter evidence to Paragraph Three.B. It offers another example of the role of interference.C. It serves as a transitional paragraph in the passage.D. It further illustrates the point in Paragraph Three.29. Which of the following can account for better performance of bilinguals in doing non-inhibition tasks?A. An ability to monitor surroundings.B. An ability to ignore distractions.C. An ability to perform with less effort.D. An ability to exercise suppression.30. What is the main theme of the passage?A. Features of bilinguals and monolinguals.B. Interference and suppression.C. Bilinguals and monitoring tasks.D. Reasons why bilinguals are smarter.PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your tra nslation onANSWER SHEET THREE.当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
英语专八改错汇总1999年-2014真题与答案
历年专八短文改错试题2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct f ield of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? What motivates people to acquire ad ditional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the) the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact)2013年专八改错Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be c alled “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.1. production改成producing2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately前面的so4. looking改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their改成his8. anyone改成pure老师someone9. evolved改成involved10. were改成are2012年专八真题改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th(5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____改错部分1. going 后加on2. cerain 改成some3. rather 后加than4. is 改为was5. in 改为at6. 去掉the7. view 后加that8. 删掉was9. statement 改为statements10.and 改为but2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1，在grow后加up, 考固定短语2，改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”3，改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4，在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。
2014年专业八级考试试题及答案解析(四十二)
专业八级考试试题及答案解析(四十二)一、Listening Comprehension (News Broadcast)（共4小题,共4.0分）In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.第1题The strike has broken out in South Africa becauseA more than one hundred miners died in a disaster.B black miners have been calling for a wage rise.C miners wanted to mourn over colleagues' death.D miners wanted to better their working conditions.【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[听力原文]South Africa's black miners have observed a one-day strike to mourn the death of one hundred and seventy-seven of their co-workers killed in a fire at the Kinross gold mine last month. Workers in other industries also participated in the symbolic action. More than a quarter of a million black miners were on strike to protest their colleagues' deaths, about half the country's total of 600,000 gold and coal miners, costing the mining industry an estimated $4,000,000. The stay-away was total at the Kinross gold mine where last month's disaster occurred. Black miners stayed inside their barrack-like hostels. Reporters were barred from the mine. In central Johannesburg, a protest meeting was held by the Black National Union of Mineworkers which called the strike action. A union, spokesman said miners had gathered not to mourn, but to commit themselves to liberation from apartheid and economic exploitation. White church leader, Bayers Nordea, told the crowd, "The accident at Kinross need never have occurred, and the one hundred and seventy-seven men need not have died.\第2题Which of the following statements about the strike is TRUE?A The strike has resulted in a great loss to the mining industry.B A few reporters were allowed to approach the mine.C Half the country's black miners were on strike.D A white church leader called the strike action.【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分第3题Charles Simonyi made his fortune working as a ______ at software giant Microsoft.A workerB designerC engineer,D manager【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[听力原文]Charles Simonyi says he never thought he might one day head into space back when he wrote a program for a Soviet computer in the early 1960s. That was long before he left Hungary for the United States, where he eventually made his fortune working as a designer at U.S. software giant Microsoft.The 58-year-old paid over $20 million for his flight into space, making him the fifth so-called "space tourist". But Simonyi insists the mission will be far more than a pleasure ride. He says he wants to boost interest in space exploration, and during his stay at the international space station, he will conduct some medical experiments. He will also write a blog about the experience aimed mostly at getting more children on earth interested in space exploration. "I think it's to advance civilian space flight, and to assist in space station research, to involve kids, to communicate the experience of space flight, and of course it's a personalexperience too that I will enjoy tremendously," said Simonyi. Simonyi began working at Microsoft in 1981 when the company was still young. He helped to design both Microsoft Word and Excel programs before leaving to form his own company in 2002. Simonyi has long been a pilot of airplanes and helicopters, and has undergone training for the flight at Russia's Star City space complex outside Moscow.第4题Simonyi helped design both Microsoft Word and Excel programs before leaving to form his own company in ______.A 1960B 1981C 1993D 2002【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分二、Reading Comprehension (Comprehension)（共20小题,共20.0分）In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.第1题In 17th-century New England, almost everyone believed in witches. Struggling to survive in a vast and sometimes unforgiving land, America's earliest European settlers understood themselves to be surrounded by an inscrutable universe filled with invisible spirits, both benevolent and evil, that affected their lives. They often attributed a sudden illness, a household disaster or a financial setback to a witch's curse. The belief in witchcraft was, at bottom, an attempt to make sense of the unknown. While witchcraft was often feared, it was punished only infrequently. In the first 70 years of the New England settlement, about 100 people were formally charged with being witches; fewer than two dozen were convicted and fewer still were executed.Then came 1692. In January of that year, two young girls living in the household of the Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village began experiencing strange fits. The doctor identified witchcraft as tile cause. After weeks of questioning, the girls named Tituba, Parris's female Indian slave, and two local women as the witches who were tormenting them.Judging by previous incidents, one would have expected the episode to end there. But it didn't. Other young Salem women began to suffer fits as well. Before the crisis ended, 19 people formally accused others of afflicting them, 54 residents of Essex County confessed to being witches and nearly 150 people were charged with consorting with the devil. What led to this? Traditionally, historians have argued that the witchcraft crisis resulted from factionalism in Salem Village, deliberate faking, or possibly the ingestion of hallucinogens by the afflicted. I believe another force was at work. The events in Salem were precipitated by a conflict with the Indians on the northeastern frontier, the most significant surge of violence in the region in nearly 40 years.In two little-known wars, fought largely in Maine from 1675 to 1678 and from 1688 to 1699, English settlers suffered devastating losses at the hands of Wabanaki Indians and their French allies. The key afflicted accusers in the Salem crisis were frontier refugees whose families had been wiped out in the wars. These tormented young women said they saw the devil in the shape of an Indian. In testimony, they accused the witches —reputed ringleader—the Reverend George Burroughs, formerly pastor of Salem Village—of bewitching the soldiers dispatched to fight the Wabanakis. While Tituba, one of the first people accused of witchcraft, has traditionally been portrayed as a black or mulatto woman from Barbados, all the evidence points to her being an American Indian. To the Puritan settlers, who believed themselves to be God's chosen people, witchcraft explained why they were losing the war so badly. Their Indian enemies had the devil on their side.In late summer, some prominent New Englanders began to criticize the witch prosecutions. In response to the dissent, Governor Sir William Phips of Massachusetts dissolved in October the special court be had established to handle the trials. But before he stopped the legal process, 14 women and 5 men had been hanged. Another man was crushed to death by stones for refusing to enter a plea. The war with the Indians continued for six more years, though sporadically. Slowly, northern New Englanders began to feel more secure. And they soon regretted the events of 1692.Within five years, one judge and 12 jurors formally apologized as the colony declared a day of fasting and prayer to atone for the injustices that had been committed. In 1711, the state compensated the families of the victims.And last year, more than three centuries after the settlers reacted to an external threat by lashing out irrationally, the convicted were cleared by name in a Massachusetts statute, it's a story worth remembering—and not just on Halloween.Which of the following does NOT describe people's understanding of universe and witchcraft?A Existent.B Mysterious.C Scared.D Fiendish.【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】细节题。
【专八】专八翻译历年真题与答案(2002-2014)
113 专八翻译历年真题与答案（2002-2014）2014专八翻译真题及答案1．汉译英当我小学毕业的时候，亲友一致地愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷地考入了师范学校——制服、饭食、书籍、住处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十元的保证金。
这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
当我由师范毕业，被派为小学校的校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms, books, room and board. To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However, after two weeks’ tough effort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her, "you can have a rest in the future." but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.2．英译汉The physical distance between speakers can indicate a number of things and can alsobe used to consciously send messages about intent. Closeness, for example, indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers whilst distance may denote formality or a lack of interest. Proximity is also both a matter of personal style and is often culture-bound so that what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another. And, standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as informal party, but completely out of place in others, such as meeting with a superior. Posture can convey meaning too. Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of mood. A lowered head when speaking to a superior (with or without eye contact) can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures.演说者与听众之间的实际距离通常来是用来传送演说内容的最佳途径但是同时可以表明很多问题。