第二章-汉英翻译技巧教程文件
• 本公司生产的地毯美 丽大方、光彩夺目, 富丽堂皇。
• 目标的轻重缓急、孰 先孰后应该仔细研究 、认真考虑和反复推 敲。
• The carpets made in our factory are beautiful and magnificent.
• Target priorities should be very carefully studied.
Passage one
• 当代社会的民族文化不可能在自我封闭的 状态下得到发展。不同的文化应该相互学 习,取长补短。当然,在广泛的文化交流 中,一个国家必须保持本民族的鲜明特色 。我认为,文化交流不是让外来文化吞没 自己的文化,而是为了丰富各民族的文化 。
• In this modern world, the culture of any nation cannot develop in isolation. Different cultures should learn from each other’s strength to offset their own weakness. Of course, the culture of a nation must withhold its own distinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures. Cultural exchange, I think, is by no means a process of losing one’s own culture to a foreign one, but a process of enriching each other’s national cultures.
• 他走进屋子,大衣上 尽是雪,鼻子冻得通 红。
• 一部小说开掘的深不 深,艺术和思想是否 有过人之处,的确不 在题材大小。
• He entered the room, his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.
• The depth of a novel, or the excellence of its artistry and ideas, does not depend on whether it has a grand theme.
Example 4
• 人民犯了法,也要受 处罚,也要坐班房。
• 你们偶然看见一棵花 生瑟缩在地上,不能 立刻辨出它有没有果 实,非得等到你接触 它才能知道。
• When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punished, imprisoned.
• How about using very serious?
Example 2
• 其实中年人是人生盛 华的开始,不应贪懒 ,不应享受。
• In actual fact, middle age represents the prime of one’s life, allowing no indolenec, no enjoyment.
第二章-汉英翻译技巧
Example 1
• 人们都在讲南北问题 很突出,我看这个问 题就是发展问题。
• Everybody is saying that the North-south problem is most outstanding. In view, this, in fact, is an issue of development.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
• 不许他给我们集体脸 上抹黑。
• 亲不亲,一家人嘛。
• 大家齐心了,一切事 情都好办了。
• We are not going to let him bring shame on our collective.
• Relative or not, we are one family.
• When we all are of one heart, everything becomes easy.
Example 3
• 周末和女友逛水果店, 她挑最红最大的买,生 怕春色不够似的;我则 逗留在顶边上的柜台, 那儿不起眼地堆着我一 个冬天未见的青苹果。
• what can be equivalent and what can not?
• Last weekend my girl friend and I visited one fruit shop. She laid her hands on the biggest and the reddest, as if she had not had enough of the color of spring, whereas I stayed before the farthest counter where green apples were piled inconspicuously, which I had missed for the whole winter.
• When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never immediately tell whether or not it bears any nuts until you dig it up.
Approaches to words translating
• Equivalence • Paraphrase • Amplification • Ellipsis • Combination • Conversion
• 遇事多和别人商量。
• 这家伙背景复杂,不 大讲面子。
• 他们讲唯心论,我们 讲唯物论。
Attention !
• Conceptual meaning • Associated meaning • Social meaning • Emotive meaning • Reflected meaning • Collocation meaning • Thematic meaning • (Leech)
• Consult others when problems arise.
• The fellow has all kinds of dubious connections and he is no great respecter of persons.
• They preach idealism whereas we advocate materialism.
汉英翻译(chapter two)
3
1、词汇特点(1exical features)
新闻报道在用词上具有新颖、精巧和别致 的特点,以增强新闻的宣传效果,形成 “新闻词汇”(journalistic words)。新闻词 汇的构成大致有以下六种情况。 (1)旧词换新义 老总
soldier
general or high-ranking commander of the
统治集团;反党集团
the ruling clique; anti-Party clique( clique:an exclusive circle of
people with a common purpose
这一地区性集团已土崩瓦解。
This regional bloc has fallen apart.
琼州学院外国语学院 18
(3)时间表达有别
① 英语新闻标题:一般过去时表过去; 不定式表将来 ② 汉语新闻标题:借助时间词 施罗德将出访美国
Shroeder to visit US forging ties with the new Bush
(DPA德意志新闻社) 我国承担的人类基因组“天书”接近完成 China to complete draft of 1% Human Genome
Years
琼州学院外国语学院
22
三、转换标题形式结构
英文标题无引题,因此应将汉语标题中的引题和 主题合二为一。 例如: (引题)大坝出现“大裂缝”? 资金是个“无底洞”? (主题)三峡总公司避谣:空穴来风 Big Rift and Fund Shortage: A Rumor
琼州学院外国语学院
琼州学院外国语学院 17
②修饰语的使用
汉英翻译教程
2 Contrastive Studies of
English and Chinese
2.3 English vs. Chinese: Ten Pairs of Features
Simon Teaching
2.3.1 Synthetic vs. Analytic(综合 语与分析语)
A synthetic language is characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships. An analytic language is marked by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs, and changes in word order to express syntactic relations, rather than of inflected forms. Modern English has become analytic but still frequently uses some hereditary inflections from Old English(a synthetic language). It is therefore a synthetic-analytic language(综合-分析语). Chinese is a typical analytic language(分析语). When the words of a language are inflective in form, they are said to be associative in quality and therefore synthetic in construction. On the other hand, words not inflective in form are considered as isolating in quality and therefore analytic in construction. Inflection(变化词形),word order(安排词序)and the use of function words(运用虚词) are employed as the three grammatical devices in building English sentences.
翻译理论(汉译英)
六、表示谚语的无主句英译时可译为无主句,
亦可译为人称句,要视情况而定 a)三思而后行。 First think,then speak. b)入乡随俗 When in Rome,do as the Romans do. c)活到老,学到老。 One is never too old to learn. d)不入虎穴,焉得虎子。 He who would search for pearls must dive deep.Nothing venture, nothing have.
翻译理论(汉译英)
第一章汉语单句句型的翻译(一)
第一节 无主语的译法 无主句,顾名思义,就是没有主语的句子。
英语中除谚语外,只有省略了主语的祈使句为 无主句。而汉语中无主句却比比皆是,一般用 来表示自然现象、命令、谚语、存现、叙述等 意义。汉语的无主句翻译时常采用下列方式: 一、表示自然现象,时间,距离的无主句一般 译作英语的无人称句 英语的无人称句由“代词it”作主语,其表意 功能与汉语表自然现象、时间、距离的无主句 相同,翻译时常可对译。如:
汉语的动词无词形变化,而英语的非限定动词有不 定式与分词的区别,翻译英中必须注意宾补动词形式 的运用。“使、令”类兼语式的宾补多为不定式, 有的动词只能用分词作宾朴,有的不定式,分词皆 有,意思不同,须加区别使用。 如: a)不要让你妈一直等你。 Don't keep your mother waiting. b)这话使我们都笑了。 The words set us all laughing c)他觉得房子在摇动。 He felt the house shaking 1)当动词是“keep,catch,set,feel”等时。宾补 动词应用现在分词以表进行中的动作。
翻译技巧-2
• 2。从修饰的角度进行省略 • The hardest part of any big project is to begin. 任 何一个大的项目最艰难的是起步。 • The problem of alternative fuels of vehicle is one problem we shall approach. • 车辆的代用燃料是我们将要着手处理的一个问题。 • Walking for walking’s sake may be as highly laudable and exemplary a thing as is held by those who practice it. 经常散步的人认为,为散 步而散步是值得高度赞扬和仿效的。
• 总结,要克服翻译症,必须解决好以下几个环节 的问题: • 首先要克服认识的片面性,一般来说,有翻译症 倾向的译者,在翻译标准的把握上,比较重视忠 实,忽视通顺,而在处理内容和形式这对矛盾中, 又过于强调形式上的对应,忽略了对原文精神的 准确把握。 • 第二,在语汇问题上,切不可望文生义,也不可 盲目照搬辞典里的释义。 • 第三,在句法上不要全盘欧化,即异化。而要适 度考虑归化法。也即是向汉语行文文法靠拢。
• 英语中常用省略句,翻译时要根据汉语的表达习 惯,作些适当的增补。例如: • Histories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep. 饱 读史书使人明智,吟诵诗篇让人诙谐,研究数学 使人严谨,精通哲学让人深邃。 • Staycations became popular during the financial crisis of 2007-2009, amid growing unemployment and rising gas prices. • 居家度假的形式在2007至2009年金融危机期间失 业率和油价不断攀升的情况下大受欢迎。
汉译英翻译技巧讲解二(句子的翻译)
主谓结构:将主语和谓语按 照英语语法规则翻译省略宾 语
主谓宾补结构:将主语、谓 语、宾语和补语按照英语语 法规则翻译
主谓宾状结构:将主语、谓 语、宾语和状语按照英语语 法规则翻译
主谓宾定状结构:将主语、 谓语、宾语、定语和状语按 照英语语法规则翻译
主谓宾定状补结构:将主语、 谓语、宾语、定语、状语和 补语按照英语语法规则翻译
句子的语态处理
主动语态:表 示主语对宾语 的动作或状态
被动语态:表 示主语受到宾 语的动作或状
态
语态转换:根据 上下文和语境将 主动语态转换为 被动语态或将被 动语态转换为主
动语态
语态选择:根据 句子的语义和结 构选择合适的语 态进行翻译使译 文更加流畅自然。
句子的语气把握
添加标题
语气:陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等
添加标题
翻译技巧:根据原文的语气选择合适的英语表达 方式
添加标题
注意点:保持原文的语气和情感避免翻译过程中 的语气变化
添加标题
例子:中文句子“今天天气真好”英文翻译为 “The wether is relly nice dy”语气保持一致。
常见句型的翻译方法
主谓宾结构:按照英语语法 规则将主语、谓语、宾语依 次翻译
案例三:《水浒传》中的俗语 翻译
案例四:《三国演义》中的典 故翻译
科技文本的翻译案例分析
添加 标题
原文:“人工智能正在改变我们的生活方式。”
添加 标题
翻译:“rtificil intelligence is chnging the wy we live.”
添加 标题
解析:保持原文意思注意时态和语态的转换。
长句子的翻译技巧
拆分长句:将长句拆分成几个短句便于理解和翻译 调整语序:根据英语语法和表达习惯调整句子成分的顺序 增减词汇:根据需要适当增减词汇使句子更加通顺 注意时态:注意句子的时态确保翻译后的句子时态一致 保持连贯性:保持句子的连贯性使翻译后的句子流畅易懂 检查语法:翻译完成后检查语法是否正确确保翻译质量
【免费下载】新编汉英翻译教程第二版第二章汉英翻译基础知识
【免费下载】新编汉英翻译教程第二版第二章汉英翻译基础知识第二章汉英翻译基础知识1.探春笑道:“只恐又是你的杜撰。
”宝玉笑道:“除《四书》外,杜撰的太多,偏只我是杜撰不成?”“You're making that up, I'm afraid,” teased Tan Chun. “Most works, apart from the FOUR BOOKS, are made up; am I the only one who made things up?” he retorted with a grin. 2.贾母笑道:“你不认得他,他是我们这里有名的一个泼皮破落户儿,南省俗谓作‘辣子’,你只叫他‘凤辣子’就是了。
”“You don't know her, ”said Grandmother Jia merrily. “She's a holy terror this one. What we used to call in Nanking a ‘peppercorn ’. You just call her ‘Peppercorn Feng ’. She'll know who you mean!” (David Hawkes 译)3.贾母笑道:“外客未见,就脱了衣裳,还不去见你妹妹!”With a smile at Pao-yu, the Lady Dowager scolded, “Fancy changing your clothes before greeting our visitor. Hurry up now and pay your re spects to your cousin.”4.贾母笑道:“可又是胡说,你又何曾见过他?”、管路敷设技术通过管线敷设技术,不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范问题,而且可保障各类管路习题到位。
在管路敷设过程中,要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等,要求技术交底。
汉英翻译教程_课件_U2
二、中国时政文献翻译策略
使用被动语态 具体语境下,可考虑将原文隐含主语句的宾语或相关内容调整为译文的主
语,形成被动语态,突出原文语义重点。 例. 党的十八大以来,➊我们坚持导向为魂、移动为先、内容为王、创新
为要,➋在体制机制、政策措施、流程管理、人才技术等方面加快融合步伐, ➌建立融合传播矩阵,➍打造融合产品,➎取得了积极成效。
二、中国时政文献翻译策略
• 人才强国战略 the strategy on developing a quality workforce • 建设制造强国 to build China into a manufacturer of quality • 加快建设人才强国 to step up efforts to make China a talent-strong country • 推进体育强国建设 to build China into a country strong in sport • 实现农业大国向农业强国跨越 to transform China from a country with high agricultural output to one with a leading edge in agriculture
• 爱国统一战线 patriotic united front • 社会主义核心价值观 the core socialist values • 中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics
二、中国时政文献翻译策略
中国时政文献经常借助隐喻修辞或生活化语言表达具体语义,语言风格 独特,语义鲜明,在具体语境下可考虑保留原文词语的语言特色,形象传达 原文思想内容,也可以归为对应式翻译策略。
第二章汉译英词语翻译
Reed Flute Cave is the most magnificent of all in Guilin.
第11页,共61页。
❖ 有时,为了保持原文符号意义的完整,译者可采用直译加 注的方法。
❖ 对外开放取得新进展。1990年共批准“三资”企业99家 ,全省“三资”企业已达284家。
(
In china’s more remote and backward rural areas, corru)pt
practices exist in the form of forced marriages……
第17页,共61页。
✓ 有目共赏—上海牌电视机
直译: You can enjoy it if you have eyes (
第12页,共61页。
❖ 东方时空—Oriental Time and Space ❖ 人与自然—People and Nature ❖ 音乐桥—Music Bridge ❖ 与你同行—Going Along with You ❖ 环球45分钟—Around the Globe in 45
Minutes
❖ 《戏剧人生》 —Dramatic Life
第15页,共61页。
❖ “小天鹅”洗衣机— “Little Swan” Washer ❖ “三鹅牌”图钉— “Three Geese” Drawing Pins ❖ “活力”奶—Vitality Milk ❖ “钻石”牌手表— “Diamond” Brand Wrist Watches
姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船。
Cold-Hill Monastery
Han Shan Monastery
第22页,共61页。
汉英翻译第二章选择词汇资料
汉英翻译第二章选择词汇一、课后练习检查和讲评他说的一套,做的另一套。
教科书译文:He said one thing and did another.李老师认为教科书译文值得商榷。
Dear John,Please paraphrase (explain) the following sentenses:1.His words betray his actions.2.He dose not keep his words in line with his actions.3.When it comes to drive , she has got more than any one of us.thans!Li Tian-xinBoth 1. and 2. have the same meaning, however, the first (His words betray his actions.) is the more common way to express the concept.What this means is that what you say about a given subject iscontradictory to what you do. As an example ... a boy tells a girl thathe loves her, he can't live without her and various other romantic things. Then this same boy is seen with other girls in an intimate setting - maybe eating dinner, maybe going to a movie, and so on. He says that there is only one girl for him but his actionsprove him a liar - his words betray his actions.3. The word 'drive' here means desire, commitment and faithfulness to start and finish a project of any kind. Itcould be learning to swim, graduating from college (a 4-year commitment takes a lot of 'drive' to complete), even studying for an exam requires'drive' from the students who really want to succeed and achieve good things.A paraphrase of 3. then is: She has more faith, commitment and action in every aspect of her life than any of us.John干劲的英文音标:[ gànjìn ]drive; vigour; enthusiasm: 有头脑、干劲和首创精神的青年young men with brains, drive and initiative; 干劲十足be full of vigour; 冲天干劲boundless energy1.We shall want a real Henry Fordeffort .我们需要有一种真正亨利福特的干劲。
翻译汉译英课件翻译技巧Translationtechniques
1. Repetition(重复法)
重复也属于增词。翻译和写作一样。 本应力求简 练,尽量省略一些可有可无的词;有时为了明确、 强调或生动, 却往往需要将一些关键性的词加以 重复。例如: (1)为了明确重复
汉语重复,英ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้时也重复
(2)为了强调重复 为了强调,汉语句子中往往重复关键性的词,以 使读者留下深刻印象,汉译英时往往可以采用同 样的重复手段。 汉语原文中有词的重复,译成英语时可以保持同 样的词的重复。
1为了明确重复?汉语重复英译时也重复?2为了强调重复为了强调汉语句子中往往重复关键性的词以使读者留下深刻印象汉译英时往往可以采用同样的重复手段
Translation Techniques
Teaching Plan
Teaching Contents:
1. Introduction to the functions of translation techniques 2. Introduction to the 8 commonly-used techniques 1) repetition(重复法) 2) amplification(增译法 ) 3) omission(/省译法/减译法 ) 4) conversion(词类转移法 ) 5) inversion (词序调整法) 6) division(分译法) 7) negation(正说反译, 反说正译法) 8) the change of the voices(语态变换法)
Eight Commonly-used Translation Techniques
1. repetition(重复法) 2. amplification(增译法 ) 3. omission(/省译法/减译法 ) 4. conversion(词类转移法 ) 5. inversion (词序调整法) 6. division(分译法) 7. negation(正说反译, 反说正译法) 8. the change of the voices(语态变换法)
