上海市第一中学2023年高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．My mobile phone is missing. Who it?A．must have taken B．must takeC．could have taken D．could take2．She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away.A．talked B．has talkedC．had talked D．was talking3．--- May I speak to Mr. Smith？--- I am afraid not. He is at a meeting now. It's not _____________A．reliable B．convenientC．beneficial D．available4．The classroom is big enough for 25 students for normal use you need more space for special activities. A．once B．because C．if D．unless5．According to the company’s rule, one’s payment is ______ the work done, not to the time spent doing it.A．in proportion to B．in addition toC．in contrast to D．in regard to6．Sally likes going to school ______ she has got many good friends there.A．or B．because C．unless D．so7．In April,2009,President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao,____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A．marking B．markedC．having marked D．being marked8．If the weather had been better, we ______ a picnic yesterday.A．must have had B．would haveC．could have had D．will have9．––What did the doctor say about your injury?––She said I should avoid doing too much exercise ______ it feels better.A．until B．sinceC．if D．while10．—Good morning. May I help you?—No, thank you. I’m just looking around.—________A．It’s up to you.B．How are you feeling today?C．Thanks for coming to see me. D．Take your time then.11．Cambridge gave a positive answer inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores.A．in favor of B．in response toC．in salute to D．in consequence of12．His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A．so as to B．such as toC．so that D．such that13．Philips won 8 gold medals at the Beijing Olympic Games, __________astonished the world.A．that B．which C．what D．who14．—— David should lie to his best friend in order to get the well-paid job!—— It is typical of him because he ________.A．is facing his Waterloo B．is visually challengedC．has cast-iron nerves D．worships the golden calf15．—Would you mind moving over a little? I have to pass here.—________ I’d like to help.A．Not in the slightest. B．Don’t mention it.C．Never mind. D．At your service.16．If he ____hard, he would have passed the exam.A．were to work B．had workedC．should work D．was to work17．Recently, a programmer criticized the “996” work schedule ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit.A．where B．when C．which D．whose18．Our dream is to _______ a World Cup that makes you, your grandchildren and everyone in football really proud. A．stage B．chairC．found D．watch19．----There won’t be anywhere to park.----Oh, _______. Let’s try the subway.A．that’s a real bargain B．that’s a good pointC．that’s really somethin g D．that’s all settled20．I am always delighted when receiving your invitation, ______ the party on June 9th after the national college entrance examination, I shall be pleased to attend.A．On account of B．With regard toC．In response to D．In view of第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）My motivation for starting our family tradition of reading in the car was purely selfish: I could not bear listening to A Sesame Street Christmas for another 10 hours. My three children had been addicted to this cassette on our previous summer’s road trip.As I began to prepare for our next 500-mile car trip, I came across a book Jim Trelease’s The Read Aloud Handbook. This could be the answer to my problem. I thought. So I put Roald dahl’s James an d the Giant Peach into my bag. When I began to read aloud the tale of the boy who escapes the bad guys by hiding inside a giant peach, my three kids argued and wrestled in their seats. But after several lines, they were attracted into the rhythm of the words and began to listen.We soon learned that the simple pleasure of listening to a well-written book makes the long miles pass more quickly. Sometimes the books we read became highlights of the trip. I read Wilson Rawls’s Summer of the Monkeys as we spent two days driving to the beach. We arrived just behind the power crews restoring (恢复) electricity after a tropical storm. The rain continued most of the week, and the beach was covered with oil washed up by the storm. When we returned home, I asked my son what he liked about the trip. He answered without hesita tion, “The book you read in the car.”Road trips still offer challenges, even though my children now are teenagers. But we continue to read as we roll across the country. And I'm beginning to see that reading aloud has done more than help pass the time. For at least a little while, we are not shut in our own electronic worlds. And maybe we’ve started something that will pass on to the next generation.1、Why did the author start reading in the car?A．She wanted to have a better journey. B．She wanted to keep a family traditionC．Her children were addicted to music. D．She wanted to kill the time.2、How did the children react after the author read a few lines?A．They kept quarrelling. B．They hid themselves.C．They soon settled down. D．They continued to fight in their seats.3、What can we learn about the author and her family’s trip to the beach?A．They were caught in a storm. B．They enjoyed reading on the road.C．They had a good time on the beach. D．They thought it had passed too quickly.4、Which can be the best title for the text?A．Better Reading than Traveling B．Books that Changed My ChildrenC．Road Trips Full of Challenges D．Reading Makes Great Road Trips22．（8分）China’s cancer researcher Zhu Chen, together with two French researchers Anne Dejean and Hugues de Thé, received Sjoberg Prize 2018 in Stockholm Concert Hall, Sweden on Friday.“We used wisdom from both Chinese and Western medicine and offered a cure to one of the most deadly cancers,” Chen told Xinhua, “I feel that Chinese medicine has potential to contribute more to human health. It struggles for benefiting all mankind. It’s a language of peace, and of development and progress.” Chen recalled the c ooperation with the two French researchers for over 30 years.This year’s Sjoberg winners have developed a new and targeted treatment for a specific form of blood cancer called acute promyelocytic leukaemia (急性早幼粒白血病). It was once one of the deadliest forms of cancer, but it is now possible to cure nine out of ten patients who receive the new treatment. The winners have made this revolutionary development possible by methodically mapping the molecular mechanisms responsible for the disease.The Prize is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and is funded (资助)by the Sjoberg Foundation. The foundation, with a donation of 2.5 billion US dollars, was founded in 2016, and serves to promote scientific research that focuses on cancer, health and the environment.The Prize is an annual international prize in cancer research awarded to individual researchers or research groups. The prize amounts to one million US dollars, of which 100,000US dollars is the prize sum and 900,000US dollars is funding for future research.1、Zhu Chen was awarded Sjoberg Prize for the .A．research into a languageB．promotion of Chinese medicineC．treatment for a once fatal cancerD．cooperation with French researchers2、What can we know about the Sjoberg Foundation?A．It funds research in certain fields.B．It favors individual researchers.C．It donates 2.5 billion US dollars.D．It awards the prize annually.3、What can the text be classified as?A．A biography.B．A news report.C．A science fiction.D．An advertisement.4、What is the best title for the text?A．New Cure for CancerB．Breakthroughs to human healthC．Great Contributions of Chinese MedicineD．Three Scientists Receiving Sjoberg Prize23．（8分）Life in the summertime is often full of pests. Like most Long Island homeowners, I want to ensure my suburban life with pest-free living. So it was with wide-eyed wonder that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.“We’ll be serving your neighbors, Mike and Sarah (I’m not familiar with either one by name),” he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount.” He came out with numbers beginning from $299 then in seconds to $89.“You’ve probably been seeing the ant hills around.” he moved toward my front walkway and lawn. “And have you seen the bees that dig nests in the groun d?” he continued with his head shaking up and down pushing me to do the same.“What we do is spray three feet out from your foundation and three feet up.” As he was talking, and without breaking eye contact, he opened his iPad cover and began operating at the screen to show me frightening images. “It also kills other pests, like spiders. It is the best pesticide (杀虫剂),” he said, pausing for effect.He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island. “The products are environmentally responsible, safe with children and pets,” he said.I’m unkind when it comes to unwanted visitors entering on my out-of-doors moments. Any insect found in my house or on my deck is bound to be poisoned or pancaked.Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering making an appointment, Billy, my fearless husband, pulled into our driveway, which made me ask for a business card out of politeness instead.1、How did the author feel at the sight of the exterminator?A．Frightened. B．Disappointed.C．Puzzled. D．Surprised.2、What did the exterminator offer the author if she accepted his service?A．A discount. B．A group rate.C．An iPad for free. D．A free pesticide.3、Why was the author worried about the pesticide?A．It might cause frightening images.B．It might harm her family and surroundings.C．It might be too expensive for her to afford.D．It might have no effect on unwanted visitors.4、What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Billy saw his neighbors cheated by the exterminator.B．The author is sure to phone the salesman later.C．The author had planned to buy the pesticide before Billy appeared.D．Billy made up his mind to purchase the pesticide.24．（8分）In a recent series of experiments at the University of California, researchers studied toddlers’ thinking about winners and losers, bullies (欺凌) and victims.In the first experiment, toddlers (学步儿童) watched a scene in which two puppets (木偶) had conflicting goals: One was crossing a stage from right to left, and the other from left to right. The puppets met in the middle and stopped. Eventually one puppet bowed down and moved aside, letting the other one pass by. Then researchers asked the toddlers which puppet they liked. The result: 20 out of 23 toddlers picked the higher-status puppet — the one that did not bow or move aside. It seems that individuals can gain status for being dominant (占优势的) and toddlers like winners better than losers.But then researchers had another question: Do toddlers like winners no matter how they win? So, researchers did another experiment very similar to the one described above. But this time, the conflict ended because one puppet knocked the other down and out of the way. Now when the toddlers were asked who they liked, the results were different: Only 4 out of 23 children liked the winner.These data suggest that children already love a winner by the age of 21-31 months. This does not necessarily mean that the preference is inborn: 21 months is enough time to learn a lot of things. But if a preference for winners is something we learn, we appear to learn it quite early.Even more interesting, the preference for winners is not absolute. Children in our study did not like a winner who knocked a competitor down. This suggests that already by the age of 21-31 months, children’s liking for winners is balanced with other social concerns, including perhaps a general preference for nice or helpful people over aggressive ones.In a time when the news is full of stories of public figures who celebrate winning at all costs, these results give us much confidence. Humans understand dominance, but we also expect strong individuals to guide, protect and helpothers. This feels like good news.1、One of the purposes of the experiments is to ________.A．teach toddlers how to gain higher statusB．offer toddlers a chance to watch a sceneC．observe the process of toddlers’ solving a conflictD．find out toddlers’ attitude toward winners and losers2、The toddlers regarded bowing and moving aside as a sign of ________.A．obeying rulesB．gaining statusC．giving in to the otherD．showing good manners3、What does the second experiment tell us about toddlers?A．They are excellent learners.B．They are always changeable.C．They show mercy to the loser.D．They value kindness over winning.4、What does the author think of the results of the series of experiments?A．Disappointing. B．Encouraging.C．Unexpected. D．Controversial.25．（10分）Kaitlin Raffle’s dream to end poverty(贫困)started when she was visiting her father, who worked for the homeless.“I never realized there were people in the world who didn’t have a home or food before,” said Kaitlin, who is now sixteen. “I knew there was something I had to do about that.”At age eight, she started raising money to build a playground. "It took me two years," Kaitlin said. "We started small. We wanted to do someth ing to make a difference.”In 2014, When Kaitlin was thirteen, she visited Central America, and saw people going hungry and families living in houses made of cardboard. That year, we set Kids on a Mission, which has helped hundreds of people there.“The rooms were smaller than my bedroom, but there would be eight people living in each one," Kaitlin said. “We also got to see the dirty rivers that those people were drinking out of.”Providing clean drinking water, food and clothes for people living in poverty is now an important task for Kids on a Mission. “This young lady is changing the hearts of people, and also changing the world," said the headmaster ofKaitlin's school.1、The job of Kaitlin's father was to__________A．sell foods B．build playgroundsC．visit schools D．help homeless people2、What was people's life like in Central America according to Kaitlin?A．They lived in strong houses.B．Their drinking water was dirty.C．Their bedrooms were very big.D．They had enough food and clothes.3、What can we infer from the headmaster's words?A．Kaitlin is always ready to give and help.B．Kaitlin has many chances to travel around.C．Kaitlin often changes schools for her study.D．Kaitlin has a serious problem with her heart.4、What might be the best title for the text?A．School life in America B．Gift from a headmasterC．Father’s duty in the family D．Girl's dream to end poverty第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Y ears ago, I had the opportunity to conduct a seminar. This was a motivational one basically designed to 1 people in changing their lives, 2 their personal barriers in life.It was always 3 to meet the seminar attendees. Some of them couldn’t wait to get started, others were 4about what they would get for their money, and others attended 5 often being forced by pressure.This last group was always the most 6 to work with. They sit there with 7 crossed, rarely participating in any of the specific exercises meant to help them build positive behaviors to 8 old habits and thoughts.In the end, I started to look through the evaluations paying particular attention to find the form submitted by one of the attendees who had seemingly 9 less attentiveness. To my disappointment, in this 10 , there was no form. I left that day thinking that I had 11 this person.As I 12 my preparation for the next seminar afterwards, one day I received a phone call —it was the 13 attendee who had not submitted the evaluation form! My immediate 14 was to prepare for a request for a total refund(退款).It was not the case, 15 He took his time to tell me how much the seminar had already helped him change his ways,and how much more comfortable he was with himself now that he knew how to overcome his own personal barriers16 success both personally and professionally. I was surprised and glad to be 17 to him.Actually we all have power to affect the 18 of others, but this power can also be negative if you use it wrongly or improperly. Power — you all have it — use it 19 because you never know what impact you have on other people even when you think 201、A．rescue B．assist C．sponsor D．treat2、A．breaking down B．working against C．breaking through D．working out3、A．fascinating B．frightening C．incredible D．mysterious4、A．conscious B．explicit C．roundabout D．skeptical5、A．willingly B．reluctantly C．voluntarily D．naturally6、A．inspiring B．daring C．challenging D．shocking7、A．hands B．wrinkles C．smiles D．arms8、A．impress B．conquer C．twist D．spin9、A．displayed B．paid C．clarified D．requested10、A．court B．case C．guilt D．generation11、A．succeeded B．managed C．anticipated D．failed12、A．went about B．turned over C．put away D．set off13、A．arbitrary B．bored C．very D．suspected14、A．reaction B．feeling C．effort D．mind15、A．but B．although C．though D．while16、A．to B．beyond C．opposite D．against17、A．hopeful B．helpful C．handy D．holy18、A．gestures B．functions C．emotions D．behaviors19、A．wisely B．foolishly C．regularly D．regularly20、A．additionally B．alike C．otherwise D．overall第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。